La Guerra Civil como tema (inagotable) en la literatura española contemporánea

Author(s): Athena Alchazidu / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

No sooner the Spanish Civil War finished in April 1939 after it had been started in 1936 by the mutiny of the Spanish military forces it has become one of the most disturbing topics that at the same time up till now has its steady place on the Spanish literary scene. Particularly from the 90´ there is an evident growth of interest of contemporary writers in those dramatic historical events and their tragic consequences in the everyday lives of the Spaniards. This article pays attention to some representative works of different genres, mostly novels and essays.

Prameny a seznam relevantní literatury

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Ke stereotypu zobrazování Turka ve starší české literatuře

Author(s): Michaela Soleiman Hashemi / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The text is a reflection of a well-researched professional publication by Tomáš Rataj České země ve stínu půlměsíce (Czech Lands in the Shadow of the Crescent, 2002). After a multilateral acknowledgement of the book, the author fills in relevant items written by some of the staff of the Faculty of Arts MU, some of which were published only after the publication of Rataj’s work. Additionally, she refines, with reference to the study of Jan Kumpera (1994), the existence of a translation of the Bible into Turkish initiated by Comenius, namely its printing in the 19th century. At the end, the author mentions her personal teaching activities on the topic in the context of the honoured person of Jan Zouhar’s personality as a pedagogical ideal.

Teorie labellingu a principy eristické dialektiky při výzkumu veřejného a politického diskursu v současné lingvistice

Author(s): Roman Madecki / Language(s): Czech,Polish Publication Year: 0

In the current public and political discourse, various devaluation behaviours are often verbalized in communication interaction, the aim of which is to stigmatize the opponent, to ridicule him or to exclude him. The most common type of this verbalization are various labels. Labels can have the form of nicknames, which characterize persons according to their occupation, features, origin, or they can be also created by changing first names and surnames (Krnda, Mluvčáček, Pitomio). We also encounter derivatives from proper names (havlista, klausoid, zemaniak), which most often refer to the followers of prominent figures in public life. A large group of labels then consists of derivatives from common names, which often contain negative or highly negative (hateful) evaluations (dobrotrus, pravdoláskař, sluníčkář, pražská kavárna). Within the theoretical reflection of this linguistic behaviour, contemporary linguistics can use the originally sociological theory of labelling, possibly interpret these phenomena as manifestations of a specific discursive strategy based on eristic dialectics (argumentum ad hominem, ad personam, ad populum), and violation of the cooperative principle and politeness principle in communication. The paper is based on the analysis of the Czech language material.

Srovnání českého a polského politického jazyka

Author(s): Kamila Adamcová / Language(s): Czech,Polish Publication Year: 0

The topic of the article is the comparison of selected aspects of contemporary Czech and Polish political language concerning naming. The analysed units come from social networks – Facebook and Twitter – from posts of selected politicians published between January 2019 and December 2020. The material was divided into five groups relating to: nicknames of politicians and public figures, names denoting political affiliation, names related to the European Union, the media and the opposition ‘us’ and ‘them’. The aim of the comparative analysis of the word-formation patterns used by the two languages is to indicate the similarities and differences between them.

Od PZPR do SLD

Author(s): Magdalena Kukulak / Language(s): Czech,Polish Publication Year: 0

The democratic changes in Poland in 1989 marked the beginning of fair competition between political parties, and thus the emergence of the previously absent language of advertising in Polish politics. On this ground, the former monopolist – the communist Polish United Workers’ Party, and its heir, the Democratic Left Alliance consisting of the minor post-communist and newly formed parties, had to find their own place. The article describes how in the linguistic field it was possible to make such credible changes from the Newspeak straight from the communist times of the Polish People’s Republic to the modern campaign language (a manifestation of which is still considered one of the best election slogans: „Your heart is on the left side”) that the victory for post-communist formations was possible in the parliamentary elections already in 1993, and made them credible as an equal player on the Polish political scene.

Българската рецепция на "Задушница" от Адам Мицкевич

Author(s): Margreta Grigorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present paper dwells on two instances of the Bulgarian theatrical adaptation of Dziady in 1937/1938 and two later contemporary performances in 2009 and 2014. These stage adaptations demonstrate the ongoing Bulgarian interest in both the translatability of the text and its stage life as a work that has a persisting vitality in the context of Bulgarian reception. More immediately, the study focuses on the connectedness of the first and only comprehensive translation of Dziady (by Slava Shtiplieva, whose translated version becomes subject to further modifications and assessments by the philologist Lyubomir Andreychin and the poet Nikolay Liliev when intended for stage dramatization) and the visiting theatrical performance set on the stage of the Bulgarian National Theatre by Leon Schiller и Andrzej Pronaszko, with Bulgarian actors, in 1937. The performance represents a significant achievement in the Bulgarian reception trigger ing far-reaching media responses and gathering a large number of prominent Bulgar ian authors and intellectuals. The event sparked heated debates. Slava Shtiplieva’s translation itself, published in 1938 as a separate book, has been subject to numerous critical assessments. The second point of concern here is the writer and translator Blaga Dimitrova’s translation of Conrad’s famous monologue known as “Wielka improwizacja” (“The Great Improvisation”), which is considered more accomplished in terms of poetic achievement and which provides the basis of two subsequent theatrical interpreta tions directed by Nikolay Georgiev, the founder of Alma Mater Sofia University Theatre and the disciple of Kazimierz Dejmek and Jerzy Grotowski. In 1968 (when Dejmek’s adaptation of Dziady was officially banned in Poland) Georgiev was like wise compelled to suspend his lecturing activities and had to leave for the country side. In 2009 and 2014 he set two theatrical performances based on Dziady. The included interview with the stage director offers further insight into the Bulgarian reception of the play and its forms of continuous reassessment.

Прага и чешката литература в поезията на Йосип Ости

Author(s): Liudmila Mindova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Josip Osti (1945 – ) is one of the contemporary writers whose works reveal remarkably pronounced openness towards, and dialogic connection with, World Literature. Prague and Czech literature occupy a special position in his poetic world. Since he transforms every single poetry volume of his into a “literary home”, Osti re-instils literature with its sacral meaning and role as a defender of meaning and memory. His wonderful verses remember places and landscapes, authors and works. Thus, Golden Prague as well as Jaroslav Hašek, Milan Kundera, Bohumil Hrabal, Miroslav Holub and other Czech writers have their vivid presence in the books of the Bosnian-Slovenian writer, reminding us that for Josip Osti books are much more than fine art objects; they are “angels and home deities”.

Жан Оризе - Азбука на междувремието

Author(s): Sonya Aleksandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The current text presents Jean Orizet’s point of view toward the basic concept of his works for “entretemps”. The specific understanding of this concept allows transitions across different by nationality creators and works, which are individually utilized so as to serve as an alphabet for the new creation. Their insertion in the author’s text is regarded here as building elements without which “the awakening” of the subjective voice would not be possible. The artistic parameters of the selected “stories from entretemps” allows for the building of a “concentric-circular work with quotations, echoing and references, leaning towards universal human union”.

"Асизки сонети" на Христо Огнянов - прочити между превода и непреведеното

Author(s): Lyubka Lipcheva-Prandzheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The German and Bulgarian versions of the poetry collection “Assisi Sonnets” by the political émigré Hristo Ognyanov appeared in a rarely encountered disposition – the translation (1986) came out before the original (1992) in reaching their respective readers. The essay strives to elucidate a number of questions that arise from such a discrepancy but its primary goal is to reconstruct the complex range of cultural relations in the dialogic network of the Assisi sonnets. The juxtaposition between the canonical hagiography of St. Francis of Assisi, the poetic texts and their renditions in translation throws into relief the presence of Bulgarian Orthodox Christian iconography but at the same time reveals the attempts of the German translation to “discipline“ the sonnet visions, to bring them closer to what is considered acceptable for the Catholic audience of readers.

Препрочитайки Нушич

Author(s): Vyara Naydenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The strategies in Branislav Nušić’s comedies, observed in analysis from the perspective of linguistic stylistics, through the interdisciplinary method, described, named and justified in the present work, are: the effect of fireworks, a/symmetry; the effect of expecting the unexpected; the co-ordinate system for the development of comedic action; the sign character of objects; the “closed” rondo-composition, against the background of the linguistic and stylistic techniques typical of the writer of comedies and elements of his poetics: cumulation, abundance, aberration, irradiation and integration of stylistic means from all linguistic levels forming the stylistic code of the comic (not considered in detail). The key scenes that served as a basis for reflection are from the comedy “A Member of the Parliament”, but the conclusions are also based on “A Suspicious person”, “PhD”, and “The Cabinet Minister’s Wife”.

LITERATURA CA FORMĂ DE REZISTENȚĂ ÎN TIMPUL COMUNISMULUI – PROZA SCURTĂ A LUI ROMULUS RUSAN, CRITICĂ SOCIALĂ IRONICĂ ȘI PARODICĂ. STUDIUL DE CAZ – MODALITATE DE STIMULARE A INTERESULUI PENTRU LECTURĂ ȘI CONTEXTUALIZARE

Author(s): Rodica Ileana Stan (Olteanu Moldovan) / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The grade 12 study of the Romanian language and literature attempts the understanding of some literary and cultural periods through the succession and coexistence of twentieth century cultural currents. The post WWII period includes the study of literature during the communist period, opening the possibility of understanding both the pro-communism activist literature and the anti-totalitarian humanistic and cultural form of it as means of resistance. The option of studying the short prose of Romulus Rusan like "Time-Out" from "Provisory Causes" volume and "The Broom of Flowers" from "Dew and Frost" volume in parallel with other non-literary texts from 1980's official press using case studies method involves inter-disciplinary and trans-disciplinary activities that require the competences of contextualization of writings in their époque and the appropriate use of comprehensiveness and interpretation strategies. All these contribute to stimulating a creative and critical lecture.

Kultura i „serce życia wewnętrznego” a psalmy

Author(s): Jarosław Płuciennik / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the article, the author gathers arguments for the central thesis: although the metaphor of the “heart of the inner life” has not appeared anywhere in its linguistic materiality, neither in Polish nor, for example, in the English, “the heart of the inner life”, this metaphor has many linguistic embodiments and linguistic and cultural in biblical and supradenominational contexts. The phrase “culture and the heart of inner life” is thus a one-phrase formulation of this theoretical thesis: the heart in the psalmic Hebrew culture is not identical to the heart of modern times. It symbolizes the romantic-sentimental element of human anthropology. The heart in the psalms should be understood as synonymous with “life”, especially “inner life”, “mental life”, and its cultivation – meditation, thinking transformation. In this sense, the “religion of the heart” of the psalms is far from being sentimental and romanticizing emotions, elation and sublimity based solely on enthusiasm and ecstasy. Psalms are often mixed with modern poetry, in which the dominant function is the expression of emotions. The article may be of interest not only to scholars of psalms and the Bible in the contexts of national, Hebrew, Polish and English-speaking cultures but also to cultural philosophers and theorists of metaphors and rhetorical figures. The author bases his reflections on the main topic: “the culture and heart of the inner life” on a polyglot analysis of the verses of two psalms of the Polish ecumenical translation, Psalm 37 and 119. He confronts Polish and English translations of fragments of these psalms. The contextual work for interpretation of the thesis is “The Inner Land” by Eberhard Arnold. The polyglot analysis of several dozen examples confirms the central thesis of the existence of the metaphor “heart of inner life”.

Swobodne wędrówki romantyków angielskich

Author(s): Przemysław Uściński / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the importance of walking and wandering for the English Romantic poets, chiefly Wordsworth and Coleridge. It examines how wandering as an activity and a theme often helps them outline an attitude towards nature and human existence that affirms unpredictability and openness. By walking freely and wandering aimlessly the Romantic poets rediscover nature as a source of wonder, not a realm governed by mechanistic laws. In the process, they propose a different mode of inhabiting the earth – a different mode of dwelling, as Heidegger could say – one that underscores relatedness over an instrumental attitude of a subject towards an object. This induced some scholars to examine the complex eco-poetic dimension of Romantic poetry. Acknowledging the important ecological interest in the poetry discussed, the article also examines how the theme of wandering and the practice of walking tend to relate to a broader Romantic project of, say, re-enchanting the world. In particular, Romantic wonderings/wanderings seem to value the sense of joyfulness and spontaneity that issues from deep interconnectedness, in contrast with the notions that tie freedom to calculated choice and exploitation of nature and human life.

"Wędrówki Childe Harolda"

Author(s): Monika Coghen / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

As is generally known, "Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage" played a central part in establishing Byron’s celebrity in post-Napoleonic Europe. The poem with its numerous contradictions and the ambiguous construction of the speaker has enabled the readers to interpret the text according to their own horizons of expectations, and to create their image of the poet. It is no surprise then that it was a particular favourite with the Polish Romantics. This essay takes as its springboard the reception of Childe Harold in Poland. I suggest a reading of the poem with a focus on the concept of “pilgrimage”, as the topos of the pilgrim is central to Polish Romanticism. Although the motif of pilgrimage, present in all the four cantos, can be interpreted in parodistic terms, I believe that it also encourages a reading of Byron’s poem in terms of a quest for transcendence, and as a record of deeply personal search for the meaning of life at the beginning of the 19th century.

„Wstał z chaosu, wrócił do chaosu”

Author(s): Marcin Leszczyński / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The essay explores how Byron, especially in his Cain, made use of a literary potential inherent in geology. His poetry is presented against the background of the development of geology with a special emphasis on the appeal of geology to popular imagination. Scientific narratives, based on catastrophic visions of history, sometimes presented violent changes of the Earth, which would become a source of aesthetic pleasure and geological sublime. The sensational aspect of geological stories placed them in a close proximity to novels, romances, epic poems or legends. Byron therefore not only transferred elements of scientific knowledge to literature, but also took advantage of some of scientific methods used in geology, and the ways of popularizing it. The essay presents how Byron made use of geological strategies connected with visualisation and imaginative interpretations or speculations (which were also typical of the readings of the Biblical story of Genesis due to the gaps in the narrative).

Doświadczając obcego świata – groteska w poezji Johna Keatsa i Percy’ego Bysshe Shelleya

Author(s): Małgorzata Łuczyńska-Hołdys / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This article aims at analysing grotesque motifs and their function in selected poems by John Keats and Percy Bysshe Shelley. In their poetry, the grotesque appears to be not only a recurring element, but rather a key organizational principle, responsible for generating meaning. Through its incongruent, nonsensical, partly comic, partly tragic nature, grotesque imagery shocks, surprises, and facilitates reflection on the paradoxes of the world we live in. Moreover, it frequently records dissatisfaction, disquiet and disillusionment, even serving as an instrument of active critique of political and social reality at the turn of the 19th century.

Religia pól

Author(s): Jacek Wiśniewski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The essay examines John Clare’s preoccupation with nature, and his very individual approach to the inspiration which the world of nature offers to a poet who is not a city dweller. His idiom is altogether different from that of the university educated Romantic poets. A natural genius and a poor peasant living and working in the country, he managed to write about nature around him, to describe its beauty, to show the fields, the birds and the beasts, but he also managed to use the esemplastic power of imagination to say important things about belief, society and politics.

Dorothy Wordsworth i zwierzęta

Author(s): Magdalena Ożarska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The journals of Dorothy Wordsworth (1771–1855), the only sister of the Romantic poet William Wordsworth (1770–1850), written between 1798 and 1803 in the English Lake District localities of Alfoxden and Grasmere, are largely devoted to observation of nature. Much has been written on this subject since 20th-century feminist criticism focused the interest of literary scholars on the works of Dorothy Wordsworth. So far, numerous plants which she depicted have been critically examined, but the animals described by the diarist have not received a detailed discussion. In this chapter, I use the perspective of Human-Animal Studies (HAS) to look at Dorothy Wordsworth’s "Alfoxden" and "Grasmere Journals" to see what new insights may be revealed by so doing. The questions I investigate include the following: What animal species dominate in her journals? How does Dorothy portray animals when she decides to make them her journal characters? Does she adopt an anthropocentric attitude, ascribing human characteristics to animals, or not? Does the diarist read animate nature exclusively from her human perspective, or does she try to experiment with other points of view?

Frances Burney – krótka historia powieściopisarki, która spóźniła się na romantyzm

Author(s): Anna Paluchowska-Messing / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper presents a sketch of the life and literary career of Frances Burney, the first best-selling woman writer in the history of the British novel. The main focus is Burney’s negotiations of her own public image as conducted in her literary works. While the outcome of Burney’s endeavours in this quarter was at first very much to her advantage, in time the novelist’s reputation as a writer of merit seems to have faded. To explain the reasons for such a turn of events, the paper explores the contrast between Burney’s debut, "Evelina" (1778), and her last published novel, "The Wanderer; Or Female Difficulties" (1814), scrutinising the narrative choices made in the two texts, the scope of the themes they examine, and the reception each met with on its publication. The conclusions of this analysis show that the engagement of The Wanderer in political and social debates made it a controversial text in the times following the havoc of the French Revolution. The British society of the early 19th century was not then disposed to open anew the discussions on the rights of man or woman, which had shaken Europe two decades previously. In this sense, Burney’s last novel came too late to be counted among the first Romantic texts. On the other hand, as the paper shows, new readings of the text today reveal the freshness of the multidimensional approach Burney presents to the dilemmas she sets for her characters in the novel. In this sense, while The Wanderer may have been published too late for Romanticism, it is certainly not too late to read and appreciate the novel today.