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БІБЛІОТЕЧНИЙ ФАНДРАЙЗИНГ ПІД ЧАС ВІЙНИ: АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЇХ ВИРІШЕННЯ

Author(s): Yuliia Sysova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2022

The goal of the work. The current situation of the Ukrainian library business has worsened significantly as a result of the Russian military aggression, which caused huge human, economic, and cultural losses to Ukraine. The main goal is to analyse the search and use of current possibilities of library fundraising during military operations on the territory of Ukraine. The methodology of writing the article lies in the use of general scientific methods of research: analysis, synthesis, deduction, and induction. In addition, with the help of the axiological method, the change of paradigms in the perception of modern libraries has been traced. Scientific novelty is in determination and selection of ways to implement the little-studied issues of the peculiarities of fundraising work in library affairs during hostilities and martial law. The results of the article will be useful for determining the main directions of work for the future reconstruction of Ukraine's infrastructure. In particular, the problems of the functioning of libraries in wartime conditions are considered in detail, and an analysis of the debatable issues that have been discussed at the round tables is given. Special attention is paid to the study of the activities of the "Library Country" charity fund and other relevant projects in which foreign partners have taken part. Conclusions. The effectiveness of franchising tools for the operation of libraries, providing assistance to librarians and collections affected by the full-scale aggression of Russia has been established. In particular, this was done on the example of the active advisory, legal, and material assistance of the “Library Country” Charitable Foundation. The analysis of the work of this organisation demonstrated the effective support of the library industry against the background of enemy aggression, in particular the possible prospects for its further development. It is obvious that cooperation with foreign organisations will grow in the future, which make it possible to purchase additional equipment for libraries that, as a result of military operations, have changed their traditional role and become powerful centres of communication, social support, and support for IDPs.

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ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАДАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ПОСЛУГ ОРГАНАМИ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ВЛАДИ ТА МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

Author(s): Serhii Lytvyn / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2022

The purpose of the article is to identify the specifics of information services provision by state and local self-government authorities under the conditions of martial law, to update their relevance and provide recommendations how to involve them in activities of these authorities. The research methodology consists in the application of general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalisation and abstraction, overview and analysis, description and comparison, which made it possible to cover the subject of the research and achieve the purpose of the work. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in the generalisation and systematisation of knowledge about the specifics of the provision of information services by state and local self-government authorities under the conditions of martial law and making them up-to-date with regard of the present and future prospects. Conclusions. Under the conditions of martial law, the provision of information services to citizens, which is entrusted to state and local self-government authorities, acquires significant specifics. Taking into account the main ones, in particular, such as: limiting access to public information; introduction of a special mode of operation of state authorities, state registers, and databases and control over the content and spreading of public information; extending the scope of competence and powers of managers in matters of public information disclosure; the possibility of refusing and delaying the satisfaction of requests for public information, which makes it possible to ensure the right of citizens to receive public information in a timely and efficient manner under conditions of martial law.

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ФЕЙКОВІ НОВИНИ ЯК НОВІТНІЙ ЗАСІБ МАНІПУЛЯЦІЇ ТА ДЕЗІНФОРМАЦІЇ

Author(s): Liudmyla Doskich / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2022

he purpose of the article is to characterise the features of fake news as a new means of propaganda, disinformation, and manipulation. The research methodology is based on the interdisciplinary integration of methodological tools of a number of approaches, taking into account the principles of objectivity, systematicity, and reliability. The system method has been used to analyse fake news as a complex-structured communication system; as a socio-communicative phenomenon within social networks – functional; as the newest form of rumor – comparative. In addition, the research methodology is based on general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalisation, and systematisation. Scientific novelty consists in improving the scientific conceptualisation of the concept of fake news as a new means of manipulation, disinformation, and propaganda. Conclusions. Fake is false news, invented stories for the purpose of obtaining any benefit (financial, political, or other), the authenticity of which is provided by fabricated media formats: text message, advertisement, photo, video or audio fakes, use of bots, trolls who actively participate in discussions. Types of fakes include outright misinformation, manipulation, propaganda, rumors, memes, alternative facts, "viral" content, pranking, news satire, generators of news, and synthesised media content. Social networks play the biggest role in spreading fake information. Currently, the issues of forming critical thinking skills and information literacy of the population, conducting campaigns to form a strategy against fake news, to prevent the risk of losing trust in democracy and Internet technologies, as well as to resist the manipulation of public opinion, are becoming actualised.

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ІНСТРУМЕНТИ НЕВЕРБАЛЬНОЇ ІНТЕРНЕТ-КОМУНІКАЦІЇ

Author(s): Liudmyla Trachuk,Liudmyla Kaznacheieva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2023

The purpose of the article is to study the tools of expressing non-verbal signals when communicating on the Internet. The research methodology involved the use of general scientific and special methods of cognition: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, system-structural analysis. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time information on the main tools of non-verbal communication used in electronic messages has been summarized, in particular, the role of font, color, text background, means of spelling, punctuation, and iconic printed symbols in the transmission of emotions in Internet communication has been investigated. Conclusions. The unit of communication in Internet communication is an electronic message, the meaning of which the interlocutors can convey by both verbal (speech) and non-verbal means. In conditions of a shortage of non-verbal means of communication, additional network tools that ensure the transfer of an emotional component in Internet communication are means of creolization (color, font, colored or illustrated background of the text, means of punctuation, spelling and word formation, smileys, emojis, emoticons, memes, etc., graphic design of verbal text, etc.). A special role in non-verbal Internet communication is played by iconic printed symbols, among which smileys, emojis, and emoticons have gained great popularity, which are additional linguistic tools for strengthening messages in Internet communication and by themselves are unlikely to become a meaningful means of communication between two parties. This in no way diminishes the value of what they can offer, first of all, the opportunity for every average Internet user to include feelings and emotions in the text in a new, specific way. Secondly, communication in the form of emojis, smileys and emoticons can also perform a cognitive function, sometimes replacing a verbal message.

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Finding a Dead Dove in the Refrigerator. The Anti-Shippers’ Call for Exclusion of Sensitive Content as a Means of Establishing Position in the Field of Fan Production

Author(s): Agnieszka Urbańczyk / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

The author of this paper uses Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory to discusses the anti-shipper movement and its call for exclusion of problematic content from online repositories of fanwork. Anti-shippers, who oppose indiscriminate inclusion of potentially harmful content and its creators in the field of fan production, are a relatively new and vocal faction inside the field. While the research on antis has focused on their methods of harassment and its effects on fan community, this paper discusses the conditions inside the field before the movement’s emergence, focusing on the affordances and terms of service of online fanwork repositories. The author proposes to treat the question of exclusion of sensitive content and its creators as one concerning the field’s autonomy, and presents the anti controversy as a way for newcomers to establish their position in the field and change its problematic.

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From Braille Code to Smart Book Readers: Technology as a Tool for Reading Emancipation of the Visually Impaired Persons

Author(s): Kamila Albin / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

This paper illustrates how, over the course of the last two centuries, the autonomous access of the visually impaired to reading material has expanded. The author coins the term “reading emancipation” to describe these processes. She illustrates it by referring to her own research involving in-depth interviews with the visually impaired readers regarding the use of various forms of books, such as books printed in Braille, talking books and e-books. The author also traces the historical background of the transformation of alternative book formats, from the development and spread of Braille code to digital books. The description of the evolution of book formats is set against the background of the transformations taking place in Europe with a strong emphasis on the impact of these transformations on Poland.

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Wykorzystanie sztucznej inteligencji w postępowaniach sądowych na przykładzie Chin i Estonii

Author(s): Marta Dargas-Draganik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

The greatest challenge related to using artificial intelligence systems in court proceedings is to create appropriate databases, and, even more, a black box, to understand the process of obtaining one and not another judgment with an algorithm. Simultaneously, regulations at both European and national levels will have to guarantee technological neutrality. In Poland, we are far from the system of internet courts that are operating in China. Based on the example of Estonia, however, we can see that the use of modern technologies in the justice system is possible and, most importantly, effective.

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Badanie zagrożeń w środowisku informacyjnym na przykładzie dyskusji o rusofobii w polskojęzycznym segmencie serwisu Facebook na podstawie danych z 2018 r. i z okresu styczeń–kwiecień 2022 r.

Author(s): Kamil Baraniuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 28/2023

The article analyses the accounts most involved in initiating discussions about Russophobia in the Polish-language section of the Facebook social network in 2018 and in the period January-April 2022. The research process was carried out using quantitative trend analysis of the occurrence of a keyword related to discussion about Russophobia, network analysis and frame analysis. The author’s intention was an in-depth description of how this group of social media users reacted to the situational factor shaping the information environment, which was Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The author sought to answer the question of how the observed phenomena affected the information security of the state. The study noted positive changes in the segment of the information environment concerning the discussion of Russophobia.

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Starodruki i rękopisy związane z Józefem Wybickim w zbiorach Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN w Krakowie

Author(s): Łukasz Łukawski,Karolina Grodziska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 67/2022

In relation to the announcement of the Polish Sejm made on 14 October 2021 that one of the patrons of the year 2022 shall be Józef Wybicki (1747–1822), a politician, poet, play-writer and the author of the Polish national anthem, we decided to make a review of the keepsakes after him gathered in the Special Collections of our Library. As a result of a broad query, one hand-written letter has been found, written by Wybicki to Hugon Kołłątaj on 2 June 1810. The other nine groups of manuscripts contain either copies of Wybicki’s works or notes and texts related to him, gathered by 19th and 20th c. researchers, and finally an interesting motion to set up a monument of Wybicki, funded by private contributors, submitted in 1904 by Stanisław Witkiewicz. These scriptures are not consistent with each other as they are pieces of some greater manuscript legacies. Eight of them come from different donors, two were purchased in 1958–1960 in antiquarian bookshops in Cracow. They are of marginal significance as far as the research of Wybicki’s achievements is concerned.What was much more interesting, were the results of an old prints query. The Wybicki’s literary legacy is represented by thirteen 18th c. titles and three from the beginning of 19th c., bearing twenty two shelf marks. This vast amount of keepsakes related to Józef Wybicki results from Cyprian Walewski’s testamentary legacy, from which sixteen shelf marks come. Some of the political scriptures assigned to Wybicki have been published anonymously, therefore the question of their authorship remains open. The overview of publications is presented in chronological order. First three works come from 1870s and are related to the beginnings of Wybicki’s political activity to support king Stanisław August, by counsellor Andrzej Zamoyski’s side, and discusses the necessity of social and political changes in Poland. As this project failed, in year to come Wybicki backed out from politics and devoted himself mostly to writing plays, which are represented by one comedy and three operas. The works from the last decade of 18th c. show Józef Wybicki as a person who was active wherever the issues most significant for Poland were decided. These are political scriptures from the period of the Four-Year Sejm, an appeal issued in Warsaw during the Kościuszko uprising and a brochure in French issued in exile in Paris after the Third Partition of Poland. Wybicki’s lesser known interests are represented by a geography textbook published in 1811, containing one of the first descriptions of the geography and economy of the Duchy of Warsaw. The last writing to be discussed includes Wybicki’s views on political systems, which was published three years before his death. Although these sixteen pieces constitute only a part of Wybicki’s work, they seem to well represent its character as well as illustrate the author’s interests and his patriotic engagement.

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Rękopisy i pamiątki po Marii Konopnickiej w zbiorach Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN w Krakowie

Author(s): Karolina Grodziska ,Maria Radziszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 67/2022

On the occasion of proclaiming Maria Konopnicka one of the patrons of the year 2022, the manuscripts and keepsakes after her gathered in the Scientific Library of PAAS and the PAS in Cracow will be presented. The collection contains the poetess’s 48 hand-written letters addressed to i.a. Teofil Lenartowicz, Stanislaw Tomkowicz and, also to Józef Tretiak and Adolf Pawiński, which until now remained unpublished. Apart from the correspondence, the Library collection includes also 23 shelf marks related to Maria Konopnicka. These are among others some writings regarding her literary activity as well as poems and their copies prepared by i.a. a famous painter, Bronislawa Rychter-Janowska. Worth to pay attention to are also three photographies of the poet included in the collection. The documentation of a monument designed by Janina Reichert-Toth, planned by the Lviv city authorities to commemorate Maria Konopnicka but which failed to be built due to the outbreak of World War II, has been preserved. The vast majority of works related to Konopnicka were donated to the Library, only some were purchased in antiquarian bookshops.

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La Pierre Eternelle ou soit La Glaura Augurelli Philosofi Angli. Tajemnice recepty w Księdze kabał królowej Sobieskiej w rękopisie 2284 Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej

Author(s): Ewa Śnieżyńska-Stolot / Language(s): Polish Issue: 67/2022

The article discusses one of the recipes included in manuscript no. 2284 held by the Jagiellonian Library (card 125r-126r), rewritten in French by Maria Kazimiera Sobieska. The manuscript contains various recipes including those gathered and rewritten by the queen widow herself while she was in Rome from 1699 to 1714. The title includes the words La Pierre Eternelle, that is the Philosopher‘s Stone, herafter Glaura Augurelli, which should be understood as the name of the Glaura nymph, a character in the poem titled Chrysopoeia by Giovanni Aurelio Augurello (1441–1524), an Italian poet, mistakenly called Philosofi Angli, due to Augurello’s popularity in this country. These last words were written in the language similar to Polish, which was common in Maria Kazimiera’s writings. The recipe contains a formula for the Philosopher’s Stone, which alchemists considered a means to obtain gold, but was also regarded as a remedy for all diseases. The Chrysopoeia poem describes the Philosopher’s Stone creation process, the mythological history of Lynceus, the participant in the quest for the Golden Fleece, and the Glaura nymph is another name for the Philosopher’s Stone. The discussed recipe, as well as the cabbalistic and numerological works gathered in the manuscript no. 2284 by Maria Kazimiera, contrary to popular opinion, presents her as a person deeply rooted in the elitist mindset of the turn of the 17th c. During her stay in Rome, she, like Krystyna Szwedzka, entered the circle of persons associated with studia humanitatis, and on the 16th September 1699 was admitted to the Accademia dell’Arcadia where she was renamed Amirisca Telea.

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Odcienie technologii VR. Zaburzenia odżywiania jako przykład psychospołecznych konsekwencji wykorzystania technologii wirtualnej rzeczywistości

Author(s): Gabriela Motyl / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

Nowadays, with the development of virtual space, it is evident that society is becoming more susceptible to content and models created online. Moreover, the boundary between the real world and the virtual world is slowly becoming blurred. Cyberspace creates advantageous conditions for development but is also a source of danger in all aspects of life. The purpose of this paper is to take a critical look at the use of VR technology and the analysis of the psychosocial consequences of its utilization. The article is a systematization of knowledge about the areas of use and opportunities offered by virtual reality, as well as the hazards it causes. The topics covered in the article address the psychosocial consequences of the use of virtual reality. It also focuses on analysing the influence of VR usage on the escalation of specific eating disorders.

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Ochrona informacji niejawnych w USA. Wybrane regulacje karne i administracyjne

Author(s): Rafał Wądołowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2021

The article discusses the administrative regulations regarding the classified information protection system in the USA. Moreover, it presents the effective penal code provisions directed against the disclosure of classified information in the USA and their interpretations. What is more, the paper presents the administrative provisions regulating the procedure for carrying out security background investigation of public administration officials in order to issue a security clearance which grants them access to classified information. Further, the reasons for the classification of information and its protection with an adequate classification clause are explained. On the basis of the analysis of US regulations, a conclusion is drawn that Polish legislation does not include a justification for depositaries of secrets who disclose classified information (without obtaining the affirmation from the authorities specified by law) to prosecute the perpetrators of crimes. This could be the basis to formulate postulates de lege ferenda. It should be noted that the article does not exhaust the topic, but only indicates selected issues of the protection system of classified information in the USA. Initiated study can be used to carry out in-depth comparative research in this field in the future.

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Career Guidance Model for Digital Transformation in the Cultural and Creative Industries

Author(s): Evita Pilege / Language(s): English Issue: XIII/2023

Cultural and creative industries are undergoing a digital transformation. To successfully use the opportunities of information technologies, it is necessary to invest in human capital. A successful, digitally based, accessible and inclusive career guidance system is one of the preconditions for the development of countries, organizations and individuals.

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The Impact of Cloud Technologies on Preserving and Promoting Cultural Identity

Author(s): Irena Peteva / Language(s): English Issue: XIII/2023

This study explores cloud technologies' role in cultural preservation and promotion, analyzing accessibility, collaboration, and cost-effectiveness. The paper identifies challenges, including the digital divide and cyber-security concerns, and emphasizes addressing them to harness cloud technologies' full potential in cultural heritage initiatives.

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Storytelling and Gaming Tools for Easy Immersive Fruition of Intangible Heritage

Author(s): Maria Teresa Artese,Isabella Gagliardi,Mattia Fortunati,Tiziana Pasciuto / Language(s): English Issue: XIII/2023

Transmission and preservation are key aspects of intangible heritage, so new communication strategies are crucial to reach a wider audience. The aim of this work is to apply digital storytelling tools and games to disseminate heritage and help people to discover it, by developing challenges and adventures based on the resources retrieved from Querylab's ICH Discovery section.

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The Design and Implementation of an Open-source Programmable Bot for Educational Purposes

Author(s): Alden M. Dochshanov,Michela Tramonti / Language(s): English Issue: XIII/2023

The ubiquity and an established framework for using open-source electronics and 3D prototyping platforms have enhanced the ways educational robotics (ER) is introduced. Low entry-level, a wide range of peripheral modules and 3D designs alleviate approaching the subject. Nevertheless, the relative ease such systems aim to provide tends to obscure the underlying machinery and basic principles. In this regard, the present article describes designing and implementing a simple programmable Arduino-based bot with a particular accent on the underpinning principles' exposition.

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Towards an Augmented Reality Game for Learning about Ivan Vazov's Literary Works

Author(s): Ivan Kratchanov,Dimitar Minev / Language(s): English Issue: XIII/2023

This paper presents a concept for a serious game based on an augmented reality representation of a mural artwork located in the National Library “Ivan Vazov” in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The mural features the renowned Bulgarian author Ivan Vazov in the center, surrounded by characters from his literary works. By using a head-mounted display in front of the mural, the players would see movement of the characters and will be able to interact with them in a gamified augmented reality environment. The serious game proposed in this paper offers a solution to the engagement of players with literature and textual heritage within a broader cultural context.

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Cultural Heritage through the Lens of e-Governance

Author(s): Daniela Pavlova,Irena Peteva,Ivanka Pavlova / Language(s): English Issue: XIII/2023

This paper explores the intersection of e-Governance and cultural heritage digitization, discussing its potential impact on the economy and social life amid rapid advancements in Information and communication technologies (ICT).

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The 14th National Information Day: Open Science, Open Data, Open Access, Bulgarian Open Science Cloud

Author(s): Peter L. Stanchev,Aneta Karaivanova,Yanita Zherkova,Hristiyaniya Klisarova,Jordan Iliev,Radoslav Pavlov,Georgi Simeonov / Language(s): English Issue: XIII/2023

The paper gives an overview on the current landscape and the activities on national and institutional level regarding Open Science, Open Access to scientific information, Open Data, Bulgarian Open Science Cloud.

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