We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Sociology of classes of Michele Lamont, which was developed in a dialogue withPierre Bourdeu’s theory of classes, is a separate and original proposal of studieson classes. It is to be based on analyses of group identification articulation thatare used by actors for self-defining, but at the same time also imply the process ofdefining and drawing symbolic boundaries between classes. However, these boundariestend to differ from the boundaries defined in the analyses of economic resourcesand the social and demographic diversity. Lamont creates and develops her theoryagainst two major challenges that theories of classes face: international comparisonswhich would focus on cultural distinctions and avoid methodological nationalism,similarly to Bourdieu’s theory. The second challenge would be the forms of socialdiversity, which are not likely to occur in class analyses, such as racial or genderdiversity, and seem to be essential to understand contemporary diversity of societies.
More...
Theory of Pierre Bourdieu has already gained an undisputed status in Polish sociology. This text is an attempt to show the diversity of ways of using the theory ofBourdieu by Polish scholars and researchers. The author identifies areas in whichBourdieu’s theory is used in Polish research. These are: study of social class analysisfields (fields of literature, music, contemporary art and legal and advertising fields),diagnosis of social inequalities in education and other areas of life, analysis offunctioning of elites and the various types of capitals in the Polish socio-economiccontext. The text indicates tensions occurring between approaches and interpretationsthoughts Bourdieu, represented by Polish researchers. The author also pointsout opportunities of developing research concepts inspired by Pierre Bourdieu,which would take into account such dimensions of social diversity as gender or sexualorientation.
More...
In this article I characterize two motocross tracks, using the studies conducted inMarch and May 2015 in Orneta and the surrounding villages in the Lidzbark County.First, I make an attempt to inform the readers about circumstances of the researchand specifics of the area. Then, I describe methodology and theoretical assumptionswith a particular focus on Pierre Bourdieu’s social classes concept, which is key forthis article. On the basis of the collected material, I define what motocross is and whoare the people practicing it. Further, I present the history of tracks, primarily focusingon organizational transformations and consequences of these transformations. Myintention is to demonstrate that cultural participation can take various forms, and toprove that motocross riding is also a cultural practice.
More...
V članku avtorja proučujeta, kako spremenjena podoba ulice po prenovi vpliva na dojemanje ulice, njeno senzorično krajino in vzdušje na njej. Na primeru Tumske ulice, glavne ulice v srednje velikem poljskem mestu Plock, dokažeta, da imajo lahko tovrstne spremembe nepričakovane posledice, ki pri prebivalcih vzbujajo negativne občutke. Izsledki raziskave, ki je temeljila na mnenju članov fokusnih skupin, kažejo, da trenutno vzdušje na Tumski ulici povzroča negativne zaznave, ki se nanašajo na štiri vrste senzoričnega zaznavanja oziroma značilnosti krajine: : tipne, vidne, slušne in vohalne. Negativna občutja so še močnejša pri posameznikih, ki imajo pozitivne spomine na nekdanjo ulico – na njeno stanje pred prenovo. Zaradi negativnega vzdušja na Tumski ulici in neprijetnih občutij, ki jih vzbuja, so se ulične aktivnosti prebivalcev zmanjšale na najnujnejše opravke. Navedeni izsledki kažejo, da bi se morali pri oblikovanju ali preoblikovanju javnih prostorov vedno upoštevati vplivi na ulično vzdušje in potreba po ustvarjanju pozitivnih občutij.
More...
Čedalje večja rast prebivalstva in gospodarski razvoj povzročata onesnaženje vodnih virov in slabšanje njihovega ekološkega stanja. Eden izmed pristopov k reševanju tega problema zajema trajnostno upravljanje in načrtovanje povodij. V skladu z mednarodnimi sporazumi o varovanju povodij je Turčija začela temeljito spreminjati proces upravljanja in načrtovanja povodij. Trajnostno upravljanje vodnih virov, ki vključuje razne gospodarske, socialne in ekološke vidike, pa ni preprosto. V članku so trajnostni kazalniki razvrščeni po pomembnosti z vidika zagotavljanja dolgoročne vzdržnosti vodnih virov, za vrednotenje trajnostnih dejavnikov pri načrtovanju vodnih virov in povodij pa je uporabljena metoda analitičnega hierarhičnega procesa. Ob upoštevanju, da imajo lahko različni strokovnjaki različna mnenja, sta izbrane dejavnike ovrednotili dve skupini anketirancev (tj. univerzitetni učitelji in drugi strokovnjaki), izsledki raziskave pa so pokazali stopnjo ujemanja med njihovimi pogledi. Skupini sta podobno ovrednotili družbene, upravljavske in gospodarske dejavnike, glede dejavnikov rabe zemljišč in ekoloških dejavnikov pa so se njihova mnenja močno razlikovala. Izsledki raziskave kažejo, da bi bilo treba za oblikovanje ustreznega modela vrednotenja vodnogospodarskih načrtov povodij najprej ugotoviti in uskladiti nasprotujoča si mnenja različnih strokovnjakov.
More...
Članek obravnava poglavitne izzive v zvezi z odpornostjo proti podnebnim spremembam z vidika stavbnega sektorja, kot so sheme prilagajanja podnebnim spremembam, energetska učinkovitost in ukrepi za blaženje teh sprememb. Izzivi so ovrednoteni glede na najnovejše stanje razvoja področja, raziskovalni interes in regulativna vprašanja, pri čemer se pri pregledu znanstvene literature presoja napredek in opredeljujejo raziskovalne vrzeli. Pregled literature nakazuje, da se odpornost proti podnebnim spremembam večinoma nanaša na večje sisteme, na ravni stavb pa se to področje šele razvija. Eden od glavnih ugotovljenih izzivov je pomanjkljiv institucionalni odziv. V številnih objavah je mogoče zaznati, da sta nujna prilagoditev politik in razvoj zakonodaje, ki ju včasih zavirajo negotova predvidevanja o podnebnih spremembah. Zakonodaja EU trenutno delno pokriva področji učinkovite rabe virov in podnebnih sprememb v stavbnem sektorju, nacionalna zakonodaja pa pri tem nekoliko zaostaja. Takšne razmere lahko zmanjšajo konkurenčnost nacionalnega stavbnega sektorja, kar lahko povzroči zaostajanje za opredeljenimi trajnostnimi cilji. S finančnega vidika so manjše kratkoročne investicije dražje, saj odlašanje s posegi v temeljito trajnostno prenovo stavb povzroča večja tveganja. Pristojni organi se trenutno odločajo med hitrimi in zapoznelimi ukrepi, uravnoteženjem stroškov zgodnjega ukrepanja in vzajemnimi stroški zamud.
More...
This paper addresses the main challenges in climate resilience of the building sector, including climate adaptation schemes, energy efficiency, and mitigation approaches. These challenges are evaluated with regard to the state of the art, research interest, and regulatory issues, providing an assessment of the advances and defining research gaps in the literature review. The review shows that climate resilience mainly deals with larger systems, whereas the field is still developing at the building level. One of the main challenges identified is the institutional response. Many publications state that it is necessary to revise policies and develop legislation; however, this is sometimes hindered by uncertain climate change predictions. The EU legislation currently provides partial coverage of resource efficiency and climate mitigation in the building sector, while the national legislation is delayed. The current situation can impair the competitiveness of the national building sector, causing it to lag behind the goals set for achieving sustainability. From the cost perspective, immediate short-term actions are seen as more expensive, because delays can result in increased risks for major investments. The authorities are currently choosing between rapid and delayed actions, balancing the costs of early actions and the reciprocal costs of delay.
More...
Pri spodbujanju rabe javnega potniškega prometa ima pomembno vlogo razumevanje razmer, ki jih sistem zagotavlja za potnika. Na izbiro potovalnega načina vplivajo številni dejavniki, med katerimi se kot pomembna izkazuje konkurenčnost potovalnega časa ali potovalne hitrosti. Pri njenem izračunu si lahko zaradi razširjenosti elektronskih plačilnih sistemov pomagamo z zbranimi podatki validacij uporabnikov. S tem lahko na podlagi dejanskih potovanj izračunamo njihovo hitrost. V okviru raziskave smo na primeru avtobusnega sistema v Ljubljani analizirali vse vožnje, opravljene na tipičen dan. Na podlagi vstopnih in izstopnih podatkov o avtobusni vožnji smo izračunali opravljeno razdaljo, čas, potreben za pot, in hitrost opravljenih poti. Primerjali smo še, kako hitro bi lahko potniki poti, prevožene z avtobusom, opravili s kolesom ali peš. Ugotovili smo, da je hitrost obravnavanih potovanj z avtobusom odvisna od dolžine potovanja. Pri daljših potovanjih se hitrost povečuje. Kolo je hitrejše na vseh razdaljah, vendar pri večjih razdaljah postane manj sprejemljiva izbira. Hoja je na obravnavanih razdaljah do 2 km glede hitrosti konkurenčna le v manjšem deležu poti. Z opravljenimi analizami nam je uspelo s podatki, ki se zbirajo zaradi elektronskega plačevanja storitve, pridobiti uporaben vpogled v uporabniško učinkovitost sistema javnega prometa, kar je v prihodnje lahko uporabno pri načrtovanju izboljšav sistema.
More...
In promoting the use of public transport, an understanding of the passengers’ perspective on the provided service plays an important role. A series of factors influence people’s selection of transport mode, among which the competitiveness of travel time, or travel speed, is vital. Thanks to the widespread use of electronic payment systems, data collected through user validation can be used to calculate this speed. Thus, the actual trips made can be used to estimate their speed. This study focused on the Ljubljana bus system to analyse all trips made on a typical day. The input and output trip data were used to calculate the distance travelled, and the time and speed of the trips. In addition, an estimate was also made of how quickly the distances travelled by bus could have been travelled by bicycle or on foot. The findings showed that the speed of the bus trips analysed depends on the length of the journey: it increases with longer journeys. Bicycles are generally faster for all distances, but they become a less acceptable choice for longer distances. With regard to distances shorter than 2 km, in terms of speed, walking is competitive on only a few routes. The analyses performed using the data collected through the electronic service payment system provided useful insight into the efficiency of the public transport system from the passenger perspective, which in the future may prove useful in planning system improvements.
More...
This study presents an alternative approach to building and delivering distance learning by creating a web-based learning process for the students of sport at the Medical University in Sofia by means of WordPress, a free platform for online content and websites, supplemented with specific plugins that are integrated in the website of the Language Education and Sports department (DEOS) at the Medical University in Sofia (http://deos.mu-sofia.bg.). Due to seasing academic instruction as a result of the emergency state in the country and the COVID-19 pandemic, the instructors from the Sports sector at the Medical University needed to quickly replace and restructure the practical training sessions from the program into online and theoretical ones. In the course of education, the theoretical material on the major sports disciplines was presented online in the form of 41 lectures in PDF documents separated into specific sports and visualized by means of the Tablenator module in table format for each week of the semester. In addition to presenting the lectures by means of the eForm builder, a total of 2363 online tests on sports theory were carried out in order to control the students’ level of mastering the material. A group of 381 students, consisting of compulsory and elective form ones from the departments of Pharmacy, Medicine and Dental Medicine, took part in this web-based education. An anonymous survey was carried out at the end of the semester in order to assess the realization of distance education in sports. The survey showed the positive attitude on behalf of the students regarding the content and the organization of this type of learning, but at the same time, it indicated that students are not inclined to replace the practical participation in sports with online theory. The conclusions that were drawn indicate that in the case of a pandemic of this scale online education significantly contributes to enriching the students’ knowledge but cannot replace the practical participation in sports activities. This form of education is strictly specific, relatively new, and difficult to apply by the instructor, and requires time to fully integrate in sports departments
More...