Az alárendelt helyzettől az önmegvalósításig? Oscar-díjas fi lmek női karaktereinek elemzése a magánszféra és a nyilvános szféra viszonylatában

Author(s): Emese Bíró / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 01/2014

This paper presents the analysis of female characters in leading roles and important supporting roles in films that have won the Oscar Best Picture Award from 1970 to 2013. It concentrates on the chosen female characters’ activity, goals, goal attainment and hierarchical relations with male characters and other female characters, in the private and public spheres. Looking into the women character’s perception of the border between their private and public spheres, I am interested in whether they experience the passing of this border as easy or difficult, as a one way possibility or as flexible, and how they reconcile their activities in the public and private spheres. A further question is which female characters occupy more favorable power positions and have better goal attainment: those who are active either in the public or in the private sphere, or those who take part in both. I conducted qualitative content analysis of the films based on a previously elaborated analysis schema and on narrative film analysis aspects.

"Three Drops of Blood for the Devil": Data Pioneers as Intermediaries of Algorithmic Governance Ideals

Author(s): Anu Masso,Maris Männiste / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Governance bodies formulated the universal ideals of algorithmic decision-making. But,the role of data experts acting as pioneers in developing, resisting, and implementing theseideals is not known. This study relies on in-depth interviews (n=24) conducted with Estonian data experts to explore data pioneers’ understandings of algorithmic governance ideals. The results reveal dual transformations in the social datafication process where datapioneers develop technologies and intermediate their ideals towards algorithmic solutions.The study highlighted new sectorial ‘algorithmic divides’, in both data accessibility as wellas ideals among data pioneers in public and private institutions. The resulting force majeurein datafication, which prevents private and public sector experts from forming a uniformcommunity, can create a vicious circle of unforeseen negative consequences. Resolving thedivides in algorithmic communities and advancing cross-sector cooperation is the basis forforming transparency, accountability and social good as the main ideals in algorithmicdecision-making.

"V hlave tridsať, v krížoch sto". Starnutie v autobiografiách v Bratislave a Viedni.

Author(s): Ľubica Voľanská / Language(s): Slovak / Publication Year: 2016

Európa šedivie. Staroba a starnutie sa tak stále častejšie stávajú predmetom mediálneho, sociálno-politického i výskumníckeho záujmu. Subjektívne prežívanie tejto životnej etapy i starnutia ako procesu je však v stredoeurópskom prostredí v sociálnych vedách skúmané málo. Ľubicu Voľanskú zaujímali motivácie správania sa a činností starých ľudí, ich postoje k vlastnému správaniu a konaniu a k správaniu a konaniu iných, ako sú zobrazené v ich autobiografických textoch. V monografii sleduje ambivalentné vnímanie staroby vo verejnom a odbornom diskurze prepojené s vnímaním starými ľuďmi v súvislosti s hranicami staroby. Bežne kladené otázky: Kto je starý? Ako možno stanoviť časovú alebo inú hranicu, odkedy je človek starý? necháva zodpovedať svojich partnerov a partnerky vo výskume. Ich výpovede dáva do kontextu širokej odbornej literatúry, ktorá sa hranicou staroby a prežívaním staroby zaoberá.

(Nie)korzystne zjawiska w relacji państwo–rodzina–dziecko

Author(s): Łukasz Wirkus / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4 (47)/2019

For several years in the social space, we have been observing the interpenetration of various phenomena in the government–family–child relationship. There has been a significant decline in the impact of traditional socialization centers on alternative entities. The circumstances described in the text make it possible to understand different contexts of contemporary transformations in the perception of parenthood, the family and its relations with the government. In the text I analyze a map of the problems of the modern family, which is still particularly important for the child’s social development and shaping his/her attitudes and behaviour.

[rec.] Justyna Kramarczyk. Życie we własnym rytmie. Socjologiczne studium slow life w dobie społecznego przyspieszenia. Towarzystwo Autorów i Wydawców Prac Naukowych UNIVERSITAS. Kraków 2018, ss. 239

Author(s): Jarosław Jagieła / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 8/2019

10 BASIC IDEAS ON HOW TO ACTIVATE AND CHALLENGE STUDENTS IN THE CLASSROOM

Author(s): Andra Perțe,Dan Pătroc / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

It seems that getting students involved in classroom activities is more and more difficult, nowadays. After interacting with hundreds of teachers and examining some relevant publications in this area of classroom engagement, we have come up with some basic rules that can help teacher activate their pupils.

30-second politics, 30 years too late: Political TV advertising in Swedish election campaigns, 2006–2018

Author(s): Marie Grusell,Lars Nord / Language(s): English / Issue: 24/2019

Televised political advertising appears in very different national political communication contexts. Sweden is an interesting case study. For many years, political ads on TV were not allowed at all. However, with the transition from analog to digital terrestrial television the public service obligations of the “hybrid” channel TV4 were dismantled. In the 2010 national election campaign, all Swedish parliamentary parties bought advertising time on TV4. This article intends to shed new light on political TV ads as a new campaign feature in a rapidly transforming political communication environment. The study relates to the concept of hybridization of election campaigns and intends to increase knowledge about hybridization processes by focusing on a critical case where one of the most adopted campaign practices worldwide is finally implemented within a specific national context and deviating political culture.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS IN TWO HIGH SCHOOLS WITH DIFFERENT STATUS REGARDING THE PHENOMENON OF BULLYING IN SCHOOLS

Author(s): Cosmin Goian / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Bullying is described as a set of aggressive actions, characterized by intent, repetition and an imbalance of forces. These characteristics refer to the fact that the aggressor chooses a weaker victim, who will be aggressively and repeatedly assaulted, usually in school. Wanting to explore this topic locally through the eyes of the students, we conducted a research to identify the differences in perception and attitude of the students from two different high schools (a national college and a technological high school), regarding this phenomenon. The main hypothesis is that tensions and difficulties in the school environment can affect the attitudes of students regarding violence. We applied a questionnaire to 72 students (36 from each high school) from Sighetu Marmatiei. The results show that the students from the technological high school, know more information about bullying, and they consider this phenomenon to be less frequent compared to the students from the national college, and the feeling of being safe at school is greater. Students from both high schools expressed pro-victim attitudes to a greater extent, but the attitude toward the aggressor was more negative in the case of students from the national college and more positive in the other school. We can conclude that if the academic standards of the students are higher, there is more tension is the school atmosphere, which can generate bullying situations and feelings of insecurity at school.

A Comparative Analysis of the Moodle and Edx Educational Platforms from a Tutor-Student Perspective

Author(s): Mihai Bizoi,Ana-Maria Suduc,Laura Monica Gorghiu / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Traditional eLearning platforms are teacher centred and do not allow open and free access to education. To follow a course on a traditional platform the students must have a certain profile (knowledge background) and, at the end, they obtain new knowledge / abilities / competences. In 2011-2012 have been developed the first MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) platforms with the aim to vastly increase access to education. The MOOC platforms have some differences compared to traditional eLearning platforms: the number of students in a course can be very high (tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands), the role of the tutor is less significant, the learning assessment is based on surveys and peer assessments and courses may be enriched with multimedia and hypermedia materials. Among MOOC platforms, open edX is a very popular platform developed by a consortium of universities from USA. Due to the fact, this platform can be installed for free, it is under continuous development, scalable and well documented, it has been chosen for many educational projects. This paper presents a comparative analysis between a traditional learning platform (Moodle) and a MOOC platform (open edX) taking into consideration the data achieved in four educational projects.

A Comparative Study of the Procedures of Drawing Up External Evaluation Reports on Secondary Education Institutions in Countries of the European Union and Romania

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Author(s): Petronela Macrea,Danut Dumitru Dumitrascu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

The education management must be seen as a science operating on educational activities via an optimal global or strategic approach, and also as a model of performance management, applicable at the level of education institutions. The purpose of this study is to offer a summary on the theoretical basis of the concepts of performance management and quality assurance in education, through a comparative analysis of quality systems in education in European states and Romania.Starting from the hypothesis that, if each educational institution is grounded on a set of guidelines resting on values and principles, known and adhered to by all factors involved in the system, this entails quality education delivered via an efficient management, we have set up an analysis of procedures, instruments and ways of drawing up the external institutional evaluation report, in a comparative approach between European and Romanian secondary education systems.

A családszerkezet etnikai sajátosságai és az exogám házasságok mintázatai Szlovákiában

Author(s): Branislav Šprocha / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 3/2019

Ethnic affiliation is an important factor in family and reproductive behaviour and it also has an important role in assortative mating. The historical presence of numerous ethnic groups, especially of Hungarian and Roma background in certain regions of Slovakia, raises the question of how they differ in some selected population communities (e.g. age, education, economic activity, religion) and whether there are differences according to their place of residence (e.g. size of municipalities). In this study we tried to point out the existing differences in fertility levels and the parity structure of women in relation to ethnicity, education and place of residence. Other important questions that we analyse in our paper are the differences in family formation in connection to ethnicity. For this purpose, we use not only marital status but also census results by households. In the last part of the study we examine the issue of ethnic exogamy.

A Cultural Dimension of Tourist Products: a Polish-Japanese Case Study

Author(s): Anna Lubecka / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2011

Contrary to its logics, a global tourist market demands a continual modifications and segmentation of tourist products which, although addressed to a mass tourist, should be tailored to his/her individual and mother/target culture-specific needs and expectations. Consequently, culture plays an important role in the process and it should be approached from two different but complementary perspectives. First of all, the mother culture of the potential customer as well as the target culture of the receiving country should be considered. The first one accounts for the decisions which products to buy and the second one, which determines the way the hospitality business operates in terms of services and tour content, is responsible for the customer’s satisfaction from the tourist product s/he has acquired. When the respective cultures of the hospitality business people and of the tourists are similar, their influence on a market success of a tourist product is small but when they are very different, e.g. Asians vs. European cultures, they can create serious problems for both parties. A growing importance of Asian tourists, Japanese, Chinese and Korean, on the European tourist market constitutes a challenge for hospitality business, especially in former communist countries which contrary to Western European countries not only have to establish themselves as new tourist destinations and compete with the renown ones but also to adjust their offer to the tastes of their Asian customers. The Polish Chamber of Tourism has been involved in a campaign to market Poland for the Japanese tourists and to make it one of their favourite holiday destinations. However its efforts must be paralleled with an attempt to create a proper tourist product which will appeal to the Japanese as far as its cultural content and service culture are concerned. The present article discusses the double occurrence of culture in the Polish tourist product for the Japanese market.

A digitalis térbeli kiigazítás

Author(s): Daniel Greene,Daniel Joseph / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 23/2018

This article brings distinct strands of the political economy of communication and economic geography together in order to theorise the role digital technologies play in Marxian crisis theory. Capitalist advances into digital spaces do not make the law of value obsolete, but these spaces do offer new methods for displacing overaccumulated capital, increasing consumption, or accumulating new, cheaper labour. We build on David Harvey’s theory of the spatial fix to describe three digital spatial fixes, fixed capital projects that use the specific properties of digital spaces to increase the rate of prof- it, before themselves becoming obstacles to the addictive cycle of accumulation: the primitive accumulation of time in the social Web, the annihilation of time by space in highfrequency trading, and affect rent in virtual worlds. We conclude by reflecting on how these digital spatial fixes also fix the tempo of accumulation and adjust the time-scale of Marxian crisis theory.

A German Innovative Technology Teaching Project in Cooperation Between (Secondary) School, State Seminar and University

Author(s): Alexandra Ströbele / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

Technology Initiative for NwT (Natural sciences and Technology) school courses” was an innovative teaching project in cooperation between the University of Furtwangen (HFU), the State Seminar for Didactics and Teachers Education Rottweil and the Fürstenberg Gymnasium (FG) Donaueschingen. The main objectives of this project were the development of teaching units and the implementation of advanced training for NwT-teachers in the fields of process, medical and energy engineering. The ultimate aim is to facilitate a higher level of technology teaching in NwT school courses and in consequence to have more school graduates interested in and suitable for engineering studies. Between 2012- 2015, 39 technology teaching units were published and 325 teachers took part in 18 workshops. Evaluation of the project showed that many teachers used the training material in class. The hope is that more and improved technical education in school will lead to more engineering students and therefore more engineers in Germany who can fill the current engineer’s gap. The project will continue this year focusing on advanced training for teachers as well as the development of further technical and project-oriented teaching material.

A Group Portrait of “Media War Criminals”

Slobodan Vuković, Serbs in the Narrative of the West – “Humanitarian” NATO Intervention, Volume I and II; Sremski Karlovci – Novi Sad: Izdavačka knjižarnica Zorana Stojanovića; Beograd: Institut društvenih nauka, 2018, 967 pp.

Author(s): Slobodan R. Reljić / Language(s): English,Serbian / Issue: 4/2019

This is a opinion / review of Slobodan Vuković’s book that provides 1) a detailed overview of how Western media reported on the war in the SFR Yugoslavia, and 2) meaningful synthesis that confronts the reader with the nature of this local conflict with global ramifications.

A hálózatok diadala

Author(s): Fred Turner / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 23/2018

In the mid-1990s, as the Internet swung into public view, talk of revolution filled the air. The Internet was about to flatten organizations, globalize society, decentralize control, and help harmonize people. But only thirty years earlier, computers had been the tools and emblems of the same unfeeling industrial-era social machine whose collapse they now seemed ready to bring about. How did the cultural meaning of information technology shift so drastically? This article traces the history of an extraordinarily influential group of San Francisco Bay area journalists and entrepreneurs: Stewart Brand and the Whole Earth network. For this wing of the counterculture, the technological and intellectual output of American research culture held enormous appeal. To a generation that had grown up in a world beset by massive armies and by the threat of nuclear holocaust, the cybernetic notion of the globe as a single, interlinked pattern of information was deeply comforting. But instead of building a brave new world, their tactics have become important features of an increasingly networked mode of living, working, and deploying social and cultural power.

A homoszexualitással kapcsolatos társadalmi attitűdök vizsgálata Magyarországon és Romániában

Author(s): Ivett Szalma,Judit Takács / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 01/2014

This study examines social acceptance of gays, lesbians and homosexuality as well as social attitudes towards adoption by same-sex couples on the basis of comparing Hungarian and Romanian data from two longitudinal surveys, the European Social Survey (ESS) and the European Values Study (EVS). Using descriptive statistics and ordered logistic regressions, we examine the impact of several factors that can aff ect attitudes towards homosexuality and adoption by same-sex couples. The two examined societies are similar in various respects: both can be seen as – at least verbally – family-centred societies, where people consider family to be very important, and most of them agree that women as well as men have to have children in order to be fulfi lled. At the same time, neither of these two countries have the legal option of joint adoption by same-sex couples. However, we expect signifi cant diff erence between the two countries regarding attitudes towards homosexuality as in Hungary the legal institution of registered partnership for same-sex couples was introduced in 2009, while in Romania no such legal institution exists as yet. Keywords: homosexuality, same-sex adoption, European Values Study, European Social Survey

A kiváltságos hozzáférés tulajdonításának fejlődése kétnyelvű óvodásoknál

Author(s): Krisztina Bartha / Language(s): Hungarian / Publication Year: 0

Privileged access to mental states is the cognitive process that allows a person to access his/her own mental structures. The attribution of privileged access implies that, in interaction with others, we assume that the other person can access and express their own mental states (see Kiss–Jakab 2014). My research questions are: when does the ability to attribute privileged access appear in bilingual preschool children and how does it develop? Do bilingual children benefit from their bilingualism in this cognitive ability compared to their monolingual peers? According to my hypothesis, early, simultaneous bilingual children develop this ability sooner than monolingual and early but successive bilinguals. 50 preschool children between the age of 4 and 6 participated in this experiment. The children were divided into two groups according to whether they were successive or simultaneous bilinguals. Using the method developed by Bartsch and Wellman (1989), I investigated the children’s ability to attribute privileged access by listening to three short, everyday stories and then responding to the questions asked by the experimenter regarding the mental states of the characters in the story. The results support my hypothesis that the attribution of privileged access to cognitive abilities also develops faster in bilingual children.

A Look Back and a Glance Forward at the Occasion of the First Anniversary of the Special Public Prosecutor Office: The Urgency of the UBK Related Reforms

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2016

A magyar mondattan néhány tanítási nehézsége

Author(s): Réka Pupp / Language(s): Hungarian / Publication Year: 0

The essence of teaching and learning a foreign language lies primarily in the contrast and transferability of the person learning the language. The teacher should be aware of the difficulties faced by students in learning Hungarian. That is why s/he needs to see from an objective vantage point what is obvious to the native speaker. The rules that we provide our students with are not just about describing the form but about giving them the key to forming sentences, using the language. There is a great need for the teacher to have a general picture of the pupils’ language so that they can compare the similarities and differences with the Hungarian. This will make it more accurate for him/her, what s/he should actually teach and how to do it. In this paper, I discuss the sentence and the learning problems that I experience when working with Romanian students in Bucharest.