Az alárendelt helyzettől az önmegvalósításig? Oscar-díjas fi lmek női karaktereinek elemzése a magánszféra és a nyilvános szféra viszonylatában

Author(s): Emese Bíró / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 01/2014

This paper presents the analysis of female characters in leading roles and important supporting roles in films that have won the Oscar Best Picture Award from 1970 to 2013. It concentrates on the chosen female characters’ activity, goals, goal attainment and hierarchical relations with male characters and other female characters, in the private and public spheres. Looking into the women character’s perception of the border between their private and public spheres, I am interested in whether they experience the passing of this border as easy or difficult, as a one way possibility or as flexible, and how they reconcile their activities in the public and private spheres. A further question is which female characters occupy more favorable power positions and have better goal attainment: those who are active either in the public or in the private sphere, or those who take part in both. I conducted qualitative content analysis of the films based on a previously elaborated analysis schema and on narrative film analysis aspects.

Работен семинар „Образование и социални кризи“ (25 март 2002 г., Институт по социология при БАН, София)

Author(s): Albena Nakova-Manolova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1+2/2002

Scientific Events: Workshop “Education and Social Crises” (25 March 2002, Institute of Sociology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciencies, Sofia)

"Athenae Gedanenses Ephraima Praetoriusa", oprac. Mariusz Brodnicki

Author(s): Alicja Zagrodzka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2017

"Bosnianness Or Anti-Bosnianness, That Is the Question". A Discourse On Bosnianess by Senadin Lavić, Faculty of Political Sciences (2020)

Author(s): Amer Osmić / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2021

The book, A Discourse On Bosnianness, by the author Senadin Lavić, analyzes and with methodological precision, positions the concepts of nations and states on the one hand, and ethnicity and people on the other. The book is divided into twelve chapters, where Lavić begins with a prolegomenon for the Bosnian nation and later analyzes its identity, history and emblems. In the following chapters, Lavić then analyzes Bosniak folk cultural forms and religious consciousness and introduces them to the discourse on the Bosniak question.

"BULGARIAN QUARTERLY" — нов сериозен партньор на "Социологически проблеми"

Author(s): Nikolai Tilkidjiev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/1992

"Byla to okupace, není-liž pravda?" Předložení jedné z hypotéz

Author(s): Igor Zavorotchenko / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Based on material gathered by Czech historians and personal testimonies givenby eyewitnesses during oral history interviews recorded by the author himself,this article focuses on the significantly different interpretations of the Soviet military presence in Czechoslovakia after August 1968, as they appear in Czech or(post) Soviet sources. Defining this event either as an “occupation”, or avoiding,and even refusing to use this term, remains a fundamental dividing line. Theauthor attempts to understand the interpretation of these events as evidence of thedifferences in the wider meaning Czechs and Russians give to their own recenthistory.

"COFOLA INTERNATIONAL 2016. Resolution of International Disputes Public Law in the Context of Immigration Crisis

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The conference “COFOLA = Conference for Young Lawyers” is annualy organized by the Masaryk University, Faculty of Law from 2007. The main aim of this conference is to give floor to the doctoral students and young scientists at their early stage of career and enable them to present the results of their scientific activities. Since 2013 COFOLA has been enriched by special part called “COFOLA INTERNATIONAL”. COFOLA INTERNATIONAL focuses primarily on issues of international law and the regulation of cross-border relations and is also oriented to doctoral students and young scientists from foreign countries.

"Communication Management" for Employees of Press-Service of State and Municipal Authorities (Case-Study of Distance Learning Organization)

Author(s): Elena MOREEVA,Julia SHESTUN / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2018

The article describes the experience of distance learning of specialists of the press-services of government bodies. Distance course "communication management" is aimed at training of press for the under-secretaries of state and municipal authorities, departments, agencies, district administrations and other structures. Despite the fact that professional activity in the field of public relations (including public sector) provides Federal State educational standard of higher education with respect to the "Advertising and public relations", for many practitioners in this area the most relevant is short-term (up to 6 months) program for retraining and improvement of professional skill. In this connection, it became necessary to develop such a course. This article provides review of the implementation of course "Communication management" for employees of press services of state and municipal authorities. Training program, technical means, methodical and didactic technologies and techniques, indicators of satisfaction of trainees according to program results, self-assessment of effectiveness course by instructors and organizers of learning are considered. The experience of the implementation of the distance course "Communication Management" made it possible to analyze the strengths and weaknesses in the training of press officers of state authorities, revise and update its content, improve the technical and technological part, improve the learning process as a whole.

"ELECTRONIC SHEET OF PRACTICE" USED IN ROMANIAN STUDENTS' INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES

Author(s): Luminița POPA / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2017

Practice in Romania universities is regulated by the Education Law, which stipulates the students' obligation to perform it. In the case of students' specialty professional practice at economic agents, the Labor Code has also provisions that apply to them. The Labor Code is completed by the other provisions of labor legislation in Romania, in harmony with EU norms and rules of international labor law. The orders of the Ministry of Education on professional practice stipulates that conducting internship in university programs is developed under the Framework Convention between the organizer of practice (university), practice partner (economic agent) and practitioner (student). The Electronic Sheet of Practice (ESP) requires also three different perspectives for student practitioner, faculty member (practice mentor) and economic agent. Using Electronic Sheet of Practic instrument, faculty members practice mentors can post their programs including students' practice results. The existence of such assessment tools and their use in accordance with the law governing the practice of students ensure professional assessment and uniformity of training, fostering their careers accessibility. Such tools, appropriate to each stage of specialty practice development, could be judiciously organized in the European Union countries. The need for such tools, which represent a support unit for the specialty practical training of students, is felt during this period in Romania, which, as its membership of the European Union, must find solutions to meet both commitments and to resolve social problems they face. The educational activities and products of the project, are evaluated favourably by the students who intend to continue their implementation, including in new projects development of the some aspects of the project developed.

"FAKE-NEWS" И ЕГО РОЛЬ В КОНСТРУИРОВАНИИ БУДУЩЕГО ОБЩЕСТВА. КРИЗИС ГОСУДАРСТВА, ОБЩЕСТВА, ИНСТИТУТОВ

Author(s): Sergey Bolshakov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2021

This article analyzes the most important political, social, ethical problems of modern society – lies in the media, “fake news” as an indicator of the degradation of the media, civil society institutions, and the authorities. The article analyzes the information processes of modern society, states the influence of fake news on political processes. The article reveals the importance of the political culture of society and the negative perception of fake news. This phenomenon is considered in the context of the informational picture of the world, the need of the authorities to abuse the institution of journalism as an agent of influence and manipulation of public opinion. The study notes the role of the linguistic factor in the implementation of the functions of manipulating society, reducing the level of citizens' trust in the state. The article attempts to reveal the role of social networks in promoting fake news. On the example of the secondary interpretation of the results of a sociological survey in the United States, the negative perception of fake news by society is revealed. The survey results indicate the growth of inequality and prejudice in society. The article concludes about the social turbulence of the processes of modern society.

"First in Line". Student Assessments of Pioneering Examples of Blended Learning

Author(s): Roderick Flynn / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

This paper presents a study of how a cohort of students respond when they encounter a single module delivered via a blended/flipped learning approach at a point when the rest of their learning occurs in more traditional face-to-face learning environments. The study is based on a case study at the School of Communications, Dublin City University where the author has pioneered online delivery of module content blended with F2F moderation of small-scale seminar sessions based on the online content. The paper introduces the practical difficulties – for both tutor and student – of “being first” in the sense of creating course content and learning to interpret/process content delivered in a non-traditional fashion.

"From medium to meaning". O propagandowych środkach wyrazu w filmie "Triumf woli" Leni Riefenstahl

Author(s): Małgorzata Laskowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2020

The main purpose of this paper is to determine the most frequently used propaganda forms of expression in the film Triumph of the Will by Leni Riefenstahl. This research target may be presented in the form of the following questions: Which propaganda forms of expression have been used in the film? Which symbols have been used to convey the message in Leni Riefenstahl’s film? The answers to these questions will be interpreted in the context of Stewart M. Hoover’s theory “from medium to meaning.” Its author paid attention to the essential question: To what extent do media convey meaning? To what extent do they give meaning to a phenomenon? Analogically, a question may be asked, with reference to Riefenstahl’s film: to what extent her film might have given meaning to the Nazi propaganda? What was the role of cinema in Adolf Hitler’s policy and in popularising his views? The article is a review paper. Its indirect goal is to draw attention to the transfer of meaning in audiovisual communication.

"GLOCALIZATION" OF SHAOXING CITY IN CHINA: INDIAN EVIDENCE

Author(s): Ling Li / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

As the biggest textile cluster in southeast China, Shaoxing is described as a low-end globalization city with many international businessmen here. Indians play an important role in such markets to transport huge quantities of goods not only to their local bazaars but also to West Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa. This paper aims to explore Indian’s perception and interpretation of the image of Shaoxing city as they live and do business there. Word association testing and semi-structured interview are utilized to triangulate the research results. Based on the weighting statistics and thematic analysis of semi-structured interview, the paper concludes that Indian’s perception of Shaoxing city, largely positive with small negative voices, shows a fail “glocalization” tendency that requires strengthening cultural exchanges between local residents and Indians.

"Harcownik w świecie zawodowców". Roman Zimand jako badacz literatury i pisarz polityczny

Author(s): Jan Olaszek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 16/2019

This article is about the journalist, literary researcher, and opposition activist Roman Zimand. The author tries to answer several questions about Zimand’s life and achievements. What were his specific achievements and his approach to academic work? What role did the political context of the Polish People’s Republic play? What was the relationship between Zimand and the academic community in which he operated? To what extent can he be considered a “total intellectual”? The article begins with a brief biographical outline. Then the author focuses on presenting Zimand’s output and the specifics of his approach to academic work. The next part concerns Zimand’s political writing and the combination of his political commitment with his scholarship. Then the author discusses the relations between Zimand, the academic community, and the authorities of the Polish People’s Republic. In the last part of the article, the author considers the possibility of viewing Zimand as a “total intellectual.”

"Nie wiemy, co czynimy"- cztery wymiary niewidoczności: esej socjologiczny na kanwie protestów proaborcyjnych

Author(s): Katarzyna Zybertowicz,Andrzej Zybertowicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1 (7)/2021

All social actions as well as their interpretations are subject to four types of invisibility: psychological, strategic, sociological, and civilizational. The text characterizes these invisibilities in order to interpret the Polish pro-abortion protests in response to the Constitutional Court ruling. Key findings. The authorities ruling Poland since 2015 have made a “sociological” mistake of overestimating the commitment of Polish society to conservative values. On the other hand, the progressive circles have made a mistake of civilizational nature unreflexively betting on a political form that in the West undergoes a serious crisis. It is impossible to understand the broad scale and high dynamics of the protests without taking into account the cognitive and moral disorientation brought by the digital phase of global capitalism. The irremovable character of the mentioned types of invisibility means that in modern, complex and conflicted societies no social force, no ideology (but also no social theory) can claim the right to exclusively represent the social whole.

"Ostatnia prosta" kampanii wyborczej do Parlamentu Europejskiego 2019 w felietonach wstępnych na łamach tygodników opinii - przykłady stymulowania negatywnych emocji

Author(s): Mateusz Bartoszewicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1 (1)/2019

The paper consists of two complementary parts: theoretical and empirical. The first part of the article describes a role of: emotions, automatic modes of thinking and judgment heuristics in media communication. The second part includes the analysis of four editorials published in polish weekly magazines during the last week of 2019 European Parliament election. The author chose titles, such: „Do Rzeczy” (no. 21/2019), „Sieci” (no. 20/2019), „Newsweek Polska” (no. 21/2019)i „Polityka” (no. 21/2019). The purposes of the analysis were: to find and define examples of negative emotions stimulation being focused on political, particularly campaign topics.

"Oštećenje", "ometenost", "hendikep": ideologija jezika deficita

Author(s): Miša J. Ljubenović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2007

The almost absolute dominance of the medical (biological, clinical) model of disability in our science and research practice dealing with disability is a very serious obstacle to the reform of social welfare and educational institutions. Hence it deserves to be subjected to thoroughgoing criticism. The view that terms are mere names for objective substances independent of the researcher is prevalent, and it essentializes the systems of classification. The translation of the author’s mental constructs into the status of physical substances is mediated by the common sociopolitical and ideological framework of the society in which he or she works. The whole process is hidden behind increasingly complicated methodological procedures providing the illusion of scientific objectivity. Various postparadigmatic movements in social and human science rightly point to the role of language/discourse in reflections of reality. This article proceeds from the assumption that hegemony, oppression and power relations are woven into attractive forms of narration by means of which the scientists (unconsciously) legitimize status hierarchy and material inequality, which is particularly evident in a kind of human diversity that is usually ascribed the attribute of disability. We should search for the way out by merging “top-down reform” – a demedicalization of the current disability concept and the corresponding terminological apparatus – with “bottom-up reform” – fundamental changes in society itself through political action.

"PESCO - PM2 - ESDC" COULD E-LEARNING BRING CLOSER TOGETHER EU's SUCCESS STORIES?

Author(s): Ilias KATSAGOUNOS,Jochen Rehrl / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2018

The publication of the EU Global Strategy in 2016, led to the development of several new instruments one of them, being the permanent structured cooperation (PESCO), that had already existed for a decade but was waiting for the right moment to be implemented. PESCO can be considered the biggest project for European security to date, which brings together the EU Member States, the European Commission, the Council of the European Union and the European External Action Service, the main actors when it comes to the Union’s foreign and security policy. The authors argue that the Open PM2 methodology should be used to manage PESCO. The necessary education and training for project managers and team leaders should be offered by the European Security and Defence College (ESDC) and its 140 network partners, under the auspices of the Open PM2 Centre of Excellence by using the well-established and widely recognised e-learning management system of the number one CSDP training provider. The article provides concrete solutions and a detailed training needs analysis.

"Polski atlas etnograficzny". Historia, osiągnięcia, perspektywy badawcze

Author(s): Zygmunt Kłodnicki,Agnieszka Pieńczak,Joanna Koźmińska / Language(s): Polish

In the part The Polish Ethnographic Atlas in the historical perspective, consisting of two chapters, the circumstances and methods have been presented of collecting materials for the needs of Polski atlas etnograficzny [The Polish Ethnographic Atlas] (PAE) as well as the process of making maps. The principles of ethnogeographic concluding and the retrogressive method have been also discussed. The most important works based on the analyses of ethnographic maps are presented – they concern cultural diversification of Poland, marking the Polish-German borderland and the potentialities of comparative studies with the use of the materials and maps comprised in the PAE and Atlas der deutschen Volkskunde [The Atlas of German Folklore] (ADV). The chapter The ethnogeographical and retrogressive method comprises the history of atlas works in Poland. The first Polish but at the same time European collection of ethnographic maps is Atlas kultury ludowej w Polsce [The Atlas of Folk Culture in Poland], elaborated by Kazimierz Moszyński and Jadwiga Klimaszewska on the basis of materials from the first half of the 1930s. They refer to Poland in its borders until World War II. In the same period, materials were collected in Germany for the ADV (edited by Heinrich Harmjanz and Erich Röhr), which took into account the area of Austria. A part of the territories covered by the ADV research are current Western and Northern areas of Poland – therefore, the data collected there are a precious ethnographic source, partially suitable for comparative studies.The next Polish atlas is Polski atlas etnograficzny, created and edited by Józef Gajek. At first,the works were conducted within the Polish Ethnological Society and materials were collectedby post correspondence. In 1953, the PAE was taken over by the newly opened Department ofEthnography of the Institute of Material Culture History (currently: the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology) at the Polish Academy of Sciences. Field studies were carried out in 332 villages (this number increased slightly later) and the researchers were ethnographers and ethnography students. The fast dying out of traditional culture and often insufficient materials from field studies were the reasons why soon the data from expert literature and museums started to be taken into account as well.So far, the PAE sample booklet (1958) and booklets 1–6 (1964–1981) have been published. They all concern material culture and comprise 372 maps. Many issues associated with social and spiritual culture have remained in the manuscripts of booklets 7–9. Since 1993, the volumes of „Komentarze do Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego” [Commentaries to the Polish Ethnographic Atlas] have been published, at first edited by Janusz Bohdanowicz and Zygmunt Kłodnicki, later also by Agnieszka Pieńczak (the caregiver of the atlas collections).What is also presented in this chapter are the problems of the cartographic technique with special focus on the dependence of the quality of maps on the nature of questions provided in the questionnaires. Special value can be attributed to the maps based on the responses to the questions concerning strictly defined artefacts or other cultural phenomena – closed questions. Open questions have brought spontaneous responses which resulted in the approximate ranges (on maps: areas of occurrence). The contents of questions are placed in map legends. The chapter Reasons of the differentiation in traditional culture of the Polish village is a presentation of the major accomplishments achieved owing to the ethnogeographic method inthe field of: reconstructing earlier stages of culture on the territories of Poland (Moszyński),its later growing diversification due to Western influences (Moszyński, Gajek, Bohdanowicz,Kłodnicki), the shaping and lasting of cultural regions which had been earlier tribal territories(Gajek, Bohdanowicz) or were formed later (Andrzej Brencz).The possibility of comparative studies with the use of PAE and ADV maps are limited because the research for the needs of the ADV was conducted only among the German and Austrian population, whereas in the case of the PAE the ethnic criterion was not applied. Moreover, both atlases differ in the research time and most of the maps have different legends.In the work Obrzędowość narodzinowa na Górnym Śląsku (izolacja położnicy). Polski atlasetnograficzny i Atlas der deutschen Volkskunde w perspektywie porównawczej [Birth rituals in Upper Silesia (isolation of the birth-giving woman). The Polish Ethnographic Atlas and Atlas der deutschen Volkskunde in the comparative perspective] (2016), Pieńczak confirmed that in some cases such comparative studies are possible provided some rigours are kept. Thisraises hope as there are already many thousands of maps in the European ethnocartographicoutput (Annex 1). A large amount of data can be subjected to statistical analysis with the useof correlation methods, which has been earlier checked by Kłodnicki in the materials of Polski atlas etnograficzny (1994).The second part of the book, “The Polish Ethnographic Atlas” in the contemporary perspective starts with the chapter Cultural heritage on the platform Digital Archives of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas. From the idea to implementation, in which the authors discuss the shaping of the concept of digitalization and sharing of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas Archives, the major assumptions and potentialities of the project implementation, and the related research results. What is more, the specificity of the PAE digital platform has been presented as well. The Research Team of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas, functioning within the Faculty of Ethnology and Education (in Cieszyn) at the University of Silesia has undertaken an innovative attempt at the elaboration, digitalization and sharing of the atlas materials (the deposit of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences). The Polish Ethnographic Atlas is the only archive of this type in Poland and it covers the whole territory of Poland. Until recently, the access to these archival sources was limited. What has become the priority for the initiators of the undertaking is the digitalization of the rich PAE archives, which is designed for many years. Its first step comprises the presentation and sharing of three unique ethnographic collections in the internet.In 2014, the implementation started of the several-years-long project „The Polish Ethnographic Atlas – scientific elaboration, electronic database, the publication of resources in the Internet” within the National Programme for the Development of Humanities. The aim was to reach a possibly broad group of hypothetical recipients, including representatives of humanities and social sciences dealing with the broadly understood cultural heritage. The undertaking was implemented by ten people, mostly employed in the Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology (in Cieszyn) at the University of Silesia and in the Polish Institute of Anthropology (Warsaw) – among them the four main contractors of the project (Professor Zygmunt Kłodnicki, Ph.D. hab., Agnieszka Pieńczak, Ph.D., Edyta Diakowska-Kohut, M.A., Joanna Koźmińska, M.A.). In the team, there were other ethnologists, as well as IT specialists and a photographer specializing in digitalization of museum collections.In the first stage of the implementation, due to a large number of objects indicated for digitalization, only some were selected by three criteria. Digitalization works and the edition of digital catalogues, which took many months, concerned three large ethnographic collections, comprising over 12 100 photographs taken during field studies (1954–1971), 770 published atlas maps (1958–2013) and over 470 questionnaires dedicated to wild plants collecting, which comprised herbaria (1947–1953). All the discussed collections are worth sharing their special historical value, particularly for people interested in rural culture, and because they are the most typical of atlas activity.The financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and of the Faculty ofEthnology and Education at the University of Silesia enabled the establishing of the Digitalization Laboratory of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas, equipped with specialist research appliances. For indexing the atlas collections and their publication in the Internet, the web application Galeneo was used. This enabled the activation of the digital platform Digital Archives of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas (www.archiwumpae.us.edu.pl).The currently conducted atlas works mark the beginning of implementing the research concept aimed at creating a coherent, synthetic, digital collection of archival resources and at sharing them in the public interface. However, due to the large size of the PAE collections, this is a long-term activity. In the future, the atlas output will be brought together in one easily accessible collection, which will provide a precedent possibility of effective search for interesting issues within various fields of culture.In the second chapter, Anthropology in the network. A digital project of the Polish Institute ofAnthropology, the issues have been discussed concerning the condition of digital humanities in Poland in the perspective of ethnology and anthropology. The distinction between anthropology in the net and netnography has been provided. The former consist in collecting, storing and indexing (in the Internet) anthropological contents available in the traditional (offline) form.The latter, according to Robert V. Kozinets, is the scientific exploration of the internet space.What is also provided are many examples of both phenomena, which confirms the growingnumber of projects oriented towards activities in the internet space. Two projects have been described in detail – „Biblioteka Cyfrowa PIA [Digital Library of the Polish Institute of Anthropology]” (www.cyfrowaetnografia.pl) and „Polski Atlas Etnograficzny – opracowanie naukowe, elektroniczny katalog danych, publikacja zasobów w sieci Internet, etap I [The Polish Ethnographic Atlas – scientific elaboration, electronic database, publishing the resources in the Internet, stage I]” (www.archiwumpae.us.edu.pl). They are compliant withthe current classified as anthropology in the net and they constitute a significant undertakingfor the whole scientific environment. They are also an example of the collaboration betweenthe Research Team of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas (functioning at the Faculty of Ethnologyand Education of the University of Silesia in Katowice) and the Polish Institute of Anthropology.The joint studies conducted by both institutions have resulted in the open internet accessto the unique digitalized collection of 380 atlas maps, which might become the basis for manyresearch projects. What constitutes an important part of the publication are three extensive annexes, which are an effect of the atlas studies carried out for several last years. The first comprises a list of maps concerning the material culture, coming from Atlas kultury ludowej wPolsce, Polski atlas etnograficzny, and some atlases of nearby countries. The list takes into account also some available maps resulting from ethnographic works of other types. Particular attention is paid here to the maps included in diploma theses which have been written on the basis of the materials of the PAE Research Team in Cieszyn by students under the supervision of Zygmunt Kłodnicki and later of Agnieszka Pieńczak and Anna Drożdż. The second annex contains the detailed data concerning over 440 places of the PAE research network, in which a rich photographic documentation was collected in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. The third annex comprises the information on over 230 places of this network in which first questionnaire studies were conducted.

"Problem generacija": nastanak, sadržaj i aktuelnost ogleda Karla Manhajma

Author(s): Todor Kuljić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2007

The article presents a brief history of the concept of generations. It focuses on Karl Mannheim’s article “Problems of Generations” (1928), its social origins and theoretical content. Mannheim’s role was crucial in 20th century development of the (new) concept of generation. In order to understand the problem of social (historical) generations and evaluate Mannheim’s position within the concept’s development, several points are discussed in more detail: the history of the concept of "generations", the relationship between class and generation, and how ideas about the formation of generations help us to understand social dynamics over time. In doing so we assume that the origin of Mannheim’s lecture lies in the generational experience of Hungarian intellectuals during the collapse of the old order of the Dual Monarchy and the Revolution of 1918–19. The Budapest intellectual life in the 1910s was important for Mannheim’s “Problems of generations”, as well as A. Weber’s cultural sociology. Finally, the article analyzes the migration of the generations concept from one culture (Germany) to another (the United States), and from one discipline (sociology) to another (memory culture).