Опазване на фондове, съхраняващи писмено културно наследство

Author(s): Ivayla Bogdanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

Written cultural heritage is being preserved mainly in the funds of libraries and museums. Depending to the scientific or cultural area of interest, archival and literary movable cultural properties are being attributed to it. These are manuscripts, incunabula, rare and valuable books, archival documents, periodical editions in the periods 1844-1878 and 1878-1944, rare and valuable editions in different languages dating from 100 years ago, photographs, postal cards, graphics, prints, lithographs, printed maps, posters, watercolor and pastel painting. Deterioration of these monuments is due to the processes of natural aging and physic-chemical destruction of the paper on which they are written, printed or painted, but also due to the way of preservation and usage. In order to protect and preserve the written cultural heritage it is necessary to constantly conduct comprehensive set of activities, including periodic inspection in order to establish the status of the monument or collection; carrying out conservation and restoration processes; creating optimal conditions for preservation and conducting processes of reformatting of the information to another medium in accordance to the requirements imposed by laws, regulations, standards. In reality, however, researches has shown that in general the majority of requirements are not being followed or are unknown to those who are in direct contact with the monuments of the written cultural heritage while performing their specific activities.

In Memoriam. Владимир Дмитриевич Сарабянов

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

Предраг Матеич на 60 години

Author(s): Margaret Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 25/2012

Experiment with Digital Technology in Arts and Culture, the Case of Latvia

Author(s): Gita Senka / Language(s): English Issue: VI/2016

Accessibility of Latvian cultural heritage to the public via digital environment is a major challenge for the cultural sector, where the priorities are effective digital stock management and long-term preservation of the cultural content, ensuring widespread online availability. Current situation with availability of Latvian cultural content and services in the digital environment does not contribute to the appropriate cultural institutions’ activities within information society conditions. In order to solve the situation, there are several successful projects, which can be taken as a basis and best practice tools for further digitization process, where the main challenges are copyright issues, technological follow-up and development of user-attractive digital products for all audiences, particularly educational and science sector.

Tracking Interoperability Service in Digital Libraries for Orthodox Art and Knowledge

Author(s): Maxim Goynov,Konstantin Rangochev,Desislava Paneva-Marinova,Vladimir Sapunjiev / Language(s): English Issue: VI/2016

The implementation of the idea of improved access and effective usage of digital libraries content has led to a new type of services, providing their wider content integration and merging. In this context, the analysis of integrating service usability is essential and gives new directions for functionality extension and improvement. This paper presents an analysis of the usage of the interoperability service, compiling content from two digital libraries for Orthodox art and knowledge – the Encyclopaedia Slavica Sanctorum and the Bulgarian Iconographical Digital Library.

Optimization of Natural Dyes' Non-contact Characterization and Interdisciplinary Application Using Ensemble Classifiers and Genetic Algorithms

Author(s): Magdelena Stoyanova,Detelin Luchev,Desislava Paneva-Marinova / Language(s): English Issue: VI/2016

The reported evaluation of the problematic encountered by non-contact characterization of natural dyestuffs demonstrates that practically no one analytical method alone – destructive, less, or non – can warrant absolute reliability of the results. The main obstacles are due, in general, to our limited knowledge on reactivity of natural compounds, their sources, methods of proceeding and application; to the complexing role of the ambient/medium on the photo reactions, as well as to the actual possibilities of analytical techniques; to the lack of commonly accepted standards amongst different scientific traditions, etc. For to overwhelm these drawbacks and optimize accuracy of NDs characterization, we propose the integration of chemio-physical with computational assessment. The proposed approach consists in calculation the probability of a hypothesis comparing new results with already stored interdisciplinary data using the high performance ensemble techniques Random Forest and Random Subspace based on the genetic approach termed EV-Ensemble approach. Its role is to render more accurate the analytical results, to avoid sampling and simplify the identification analysis, to facilitate interdisciplinary applications of NDs in high technologies, and to share generated experience between the research community.

Digital Presentation of Bulgarian Language Heritage - Tools and Web-applications

Author(s): Ralitsa Dutsova / Language(s): English Issue: VI/2016

The article describes a model of integrating language techniques with leading-edge technology to develop a web-based on-line tool for heritage language preservation and e-learning. Bulgarian language resources - parallel corpora and bilingual dictionary are presented in an interactive way using a common web-interface which is accessible for students, faculty, and affiliated Heritage language communities.

Using Graph Databases to Represent Knowledge Base in the Field of Cultural Heritage

Author(s): Galina Todorova Bogdanova,Todor Yordanov Todorov,Nikolay Noev / Language(s): English Issue: VI/2016

This paper presents digital knowledge including context-based annotations of objects in the field of cultural heritage. Some major problems and solutions of digitalization of items, their processing, storing and organizing them in a repository are highlighting. We show how graph databases could be used as data management platform.

The Collection of Questionnaires Concerning Wild Plants on the Digital Platform of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas

Author(s): Agnieszka Pieńczak / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The specificity of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas (PEA) research work and the potentialities of applying atlas materials have been largely discussed over the last few years. What should be reminded here is that the research activity of the PEA is based on two mainstays: the documentary one (collecting fieldwork materials, museum and library search) and the interpretative one (elaborating appropriate systematics which take into account various forms and varieties of the investigated phenomena, preparing maps and concluding on the basis of the spatial ethnographic image). The first stage has been already completed – therefore, the Cieszyn Atlas Unit has rich ethnographic archives, the only one of such a size in Poland. The collection comprises several thousand interview questionnaires, surveys, fieldwork photographs and other archival materials, obtained by Polish ethnologists in the second half of the 20th century nearly all over Poland. The second mainstay of the atlas activity concerns the elaboration of the collected source materials in the form of maps and some corresponding commentaries as well as in the form of special electronic catalogs. What the article aims at is presenting the specificity of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas in the context of documentation, preservation and popularization of cultural heritage of the Polish countryside. Source materials of the Atlas constitute a unique source of rural history and, in contrast to other ethnographic studies, they comprise the whole territory of Poland. Arduously collected over the decades, the Atlas sources are a precious part of the material cultural heritage. Presenting and popularizing them is needed e.g. by local communities, which turn to their cultural roots to build their local/regional/national identity. Currently, the Polish Ethnographic Atlas is starting long-term documentary work concerning scientific processing and popularization of source materials essential for conducting and developing the research on the digital platform.

Príspevok k poznaniu knižnice aristokratickej rodiny Stainlein-Saalenstein v Horných Semerovciach

Author(s): Helena Saktorová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2008

Based on a photocopy of an ex-libris, the study deals with the history of the lost noble library collection from Horné Semerovce (Felsőszemeréd). The design of the ex-libris and a brief history of each family whose coats of arms it contains – the Hellenbach family, the Stainlein-Saalenstein family, the Wilczek family and Almásy family are described. One after another, these related families lived in the manor house at Horné Semerovce (from the 18th century, today known as Wilczek manor), the architecture of which is also discussed here. The last owners Henrich Vilhelm Wilczek and his wife Anna, née Almásy, reorganized the library in 1917. It was destroyed during the World War II and the books suffered due to poor storage in farm buildings. Henrich Vilhelm did not survive the war, Anna was sentenced for collaboration with the fascists and her estate was confiscated. The last mention of the books from their collection was in 1948; currently, there is no known copy marked with its ex-libris. Therefore, the study is the first step in identifying the books from the library and whether they have preserved.

MODERNIST RURAL LANDSCAPES ALONG ANCIENT ROADS

Author(s): Cristina Pallini,Aleksa Korolija / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

This contribution addresses the notion of “Uses of Past” against two “modernist rural landscapes” examined in the framework of the MODSCAPES project.1 Both covering a rather short timeframe, the cases of Northern Greece (1920s) and of the Pontine Plain in central Italy (1930s) represent polar opposites in this respect. In the aftermath of the Greco-Turkish war (1919-1922), rural modernisation of Northern Greece was implemented as a response to a geopolitical and humanitarian crisis. In Fascist Italy, instead, “integral reclamation” of the Pontine Marshes, finalised in 1935, was part of Mussolini’s ruralisation policy, a step towards national self-sufficiency, setting agriculture and related “healthy industries” against the disastrous effects of industrial urbanism. Many scholars questioned the monolithic perception of architecture and town planning of the Fascist period, yet the idea of modern Italy empowering the legacy of the ancient Roman Empire was a fundamental part of the political propaganda underpinning major interventions. In Greece, there was no room for rhetorical narratives. The decision to concentrate the majority of Asia Minor refugees in the newly acquired border regions set the priority on cost-efficient standard projects and bottom-up community development. Additional aspects may lead to consider these two case studies as poles apart. The Pontine region was a true repository of projects partially or fully implemented over the long period, whereas Northern Greece emerged from four centuries of Ottoman rule and only some decades of agricultural development triggered by the construction of railway lines. Apparently similar responses to radically different problems, these rural modernisation processes do present a common denominator in the presence of an infrastructural scaffolding (Zarecor 2018) inherited from the distant past, namely the Via Appia and Via Egnatia, part of the same route from the Adriatic to the Black Sea. Both maintained a strategic role in the new schemes, favouring resettlement operations and the logistics of reclamation. Identifying which elements of the historical palimpsest played a vital part in large-scale resettlement and reclamations schemes, this contribution aims at challenging the very notion of heritage, admitting its functional and symbolic potential as an asset, as part of a “latent order” awaiting future interpretations.

Definiția muzeului și rolul acestuia în societatea de azi

Author(s): Gabriel BARBU / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 35/2021

In the past years, museums are in a process of continuous transformation. At the same time, museums have become interactive spaces, which offer visitors educational and fun activities. Therefore, in the dissemination and transmission of knowledge, the museum has a vital role in the process of lifelong learning. Social and economic changes have led to new attitudes of the public towards the expectations related to museum services and offers. The museum must become a meeting point between museum professionals and the visiting public, researchers and artists, being a link between the rigorous world of science and the beauty behind scientific research, through the public’s foray into science. Therefore, the launch in the ICOM space of the challenge to change / complete the definition of the museum proves to be a more than welcome initiative.

Formovanie a fungovanie Pamätných izieb v Národnej kultúrnej pamiatke Kalište pod správou Vlastivedného múzea (1962 – 1973).

Author(s): Vladimíra Luptáková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2024

In 2023, the Scientific Council of the Central Slovakia Museum approved the scientific research task called „Kalište in the collections of institutions“. The aim of the task is to compile a catalogue summarising the knowledge about the creation and development of permanent exhibitions/memorial rooms in the Kalište National Heritage Site, about the transfers of administration between different museums or institutions, and about the past and present view of its use and direction. In the first year of the scientific research task, all years were systematically examined from the preserved documents in the Registration Centre of the Central Slovakia Museum, i.e. the years 1961–1974, during which the museum was involved in any way in the creation and maintenance of the two Memorial Rooms at the national heritage site. Due to incompletely preserved documentation and to complete the whole picture, the years in question were also examined in the State Archives in Banská Bystrica (Regional National Committee and its relevant departments) and the Archives of the Monuments Board of the Slovak Republic (so far only processed and inventoried documents). The paper provides a survey of the period from 21st March 1962 to July 1973, when the Literary and Music Museum in Banská Bystrica assumed administration of both Memorial Rooms in the Kalište National Heritage Site.

Father Carolus Weldamon (d. 1736), Canon Regular from Fulnek Monastery – Unknown Composer and His Music

Author(s): Ewa Hauptman-Fischer / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

In the collection of the University of Warsaw Library, there are three musical sources that testify to the musical culture of the monastery of Canons Regular of the Lateran in Fulnek. The paper focuses on three manuscripts (probably autographs) of sacred vocal-instrumental music by unknown composer Carolus Weldamon (d. 1736). He was a Canon Regular active in the Fulnek monastery in the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries. His compositions from the first decade of the 18th century were obtained by Conventual Franciscans in Głogów monastery in Silesia. The paper contains a biography of the composer and a brief overview of the sources and the music written inside. The Appendix contains a list of organists, cantors, rectors, and musicians associated with the monastery in Fulnek.

Das Graduale aus Česká Skalice 1567

Author(s): Lucie Brázdová / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2011

The Gradual of Česká Skalice, dating back to 1567, is a significant hand-written record kept in the Museum of Božena Němcová, which situated in Česká Skalice. This codex, which is written in Czech and is of a regional character, may be listed among all the other Czech sources. By analyzing it we may contribute to the recognition of the repertoire of utraquistic sources. However, the Gradual of Česká Skalice does not belong to such prestigious codices as the Gradual of Strahov, the Gradual of Chrudim, dating back to 1570, Franus' Hymnbook. The Gradual of Česká Skalice is merely a paper codex the decoration of which is very humble. When reviewing the repertoire of the graduals, it is obvious that the Gradual of Česká Skalice contains only the most basic information. The proprium de tempore is announced; that is the repertoire covering the period from the advent to the office for sins. Offices on sanctification, the Ascension of the Virgin Mary, Sunday and on the Apostles are added to this from the votive masses. The repertoire lacks proprium de sanctis, commune sanctorum, votive masses, cantiones, polyphonic songs and diapason patriamina. To add to that, the Gradual of Česká Skalice contains written-out antiphons about Low Sunday and introits about the fasting Sundays. It is without doubt that the Gradual of Česká Skalice is a matter of local character. The difference is also apparent in the very objective the source was created for. The origin of the Gradual of Česká Skalice was not stimulated by the effort to own an expensive and richly decorated hymnbook, but rather the effort to own such a codex, which would especially serve practical purposes. Therefore, we cannot add it to the prestigious codices when taking into consideration its external and internal characteristics.

Muzeum Narodowe jak Met, czyli o współczesnym znaczeniu badań proweniencyjnych

Author(s): Ewa Manikowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2024

This article – by referring to numerous and celebrated examples – discusses the growing significance of provenance studies within the activity pursued by museums all over the world. The author indicates their specific foundations and research instruments, as well as ethical and legal premises. In doing so she presents the emergent evolution due to which provenance studies have become today an indicator of the social mission conducted by museums. A thus outlined background developed into a point of departure for an analysis of the case of Polish museums. The article indicates serious negligence within this range and proposes a thesis claiming that this is the reason for an immense and increasing hiatus not solely between the praxis of Polish museums and world institutions but also between the awareness and sensitivity of Polish and global researchers and curators Moreover, the article possesses also a postulative character: it indicates the path of introducing a thought out, complex, and consistent policy of provenance studies without which Polish institutions will increasingly diverge from the contemporary model of museology based on historical and social sensitivity, ethics, cooperation, and trust.

Digitalizace jako záchrana archiválií před okupanty. Rozhovor s ředitelkou ukrajinského Státního archivu Chersonské oblasti Irynou Lopušynskou

Author(s): Anna Chlebina / Language(s): Czech Issue: 03/2024

Amidst the chaos of the Russian invasion, Iryna Lopušynska, director of the State Archive of Kherson Oblast, recounts the harrowing experiences of safeguarding invaluable historical documents. As Russian forces advanced, the archive staff faced the daunting task of preserving nearly a million records, including vital digital copies. Despite the occupation, they continued their work, secretly transporting equipment and digital files to ensure the survival of their region's history. The digitalization process, initiated years prior, proved crucial in protecting documents from destruction and theft. Lopušynska emphasizes the importance of these archives in maintaining Ukrainian identity and countering Russian propaganda. Her efforts highlight the resilience and dedication of archivists in preserving the truth amidst conflict.

The Convent of Cluj-Mănăștur’s Archive Kept at the Batthyaneum Library (I)

Author(s): Maria Frînc / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The places of authentication are one of the most important types of institution of Medieval Hungary in the issuing of charters. The archives of these institutions are an essential source for understanding the past, because they comprise many documents issued by the secular and ecclesiastical courts referring to various subjects. One of these institutions is the Convent of Cluj-Mănăștur. The Convent of Cluj-Mănăștur’s archive is kept partly at the Batthyaneum Library, in Alba Iulia, Romania, and another part is kept at the Hungarian National Archives, in Budapest. The present study contains inventory of medieval charters (thirteenth-fourteenth centuries) from the Convent of Cluj-Mănăștur’s archive, kept at the Batthyaneum Library. The main aim of this study is to facilitate the access of researchers to the original charters from the Batthyaneum Library by making a correspondence between the reference codes of the Batthyaneum Library and the Hungarian National Archives.

Vinăriciul în nordul Olteniei – de la dijmă domnească la privilegiu mănăstiresc

Author(s): Mihai Bănuț / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2022

The article is intended with the purpose of building a paper with the help of which we can better understand the monastic land, but especially the system of monastic privileges for the monasteries in northern Oltenia. It makes use of the references of monasteries such as: Cozia, Govora, Tismana, Bistrița, Arnota, Dintr-un lemn, Surpatele or Hurezi. The wine tax is first intented as a royal tithe for the monasteries in the mentioned area, evolving towards what we have chosen to refer to as monastic privilege.The wine tax is one of the oldest forms of donations in the entire southern Carpathian area. Its duration was extremely long, especially if we take into account that it was eliminated around the first half of the nineteenth century, more precisely on July 13, 1831, with the implementation of the Organic Regulation in Wallachia.We must mention that over time the monasteries in northern Oltenia, but others as well, were exempted or even collected large sums of money during this time (as long as there was this tax rate on wine).

PALEOBIODIVERZITET BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE SA OSVRTOM NA GATAČKI UGLJENI BASEN

Author(s): Srđan Ljubojević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 16/2018

Based on the extensive scientific material, collected until 1990., it was found that the palaeobiodiversity of Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of over 4,000 paleotaxons, not counting sources based on paleospeleological material. To this should be added the findings that have occurred in the last twenty years, during which period at least 125 new paleotaxons were detected in the Gacko coal-mined basin. The fossil legacy of Republika Srpska and B&H is mostly kept in foreign museums. In Republika Srpska has been done a lot of efforts to preserve the fossil heritage in the normative sense, however, there were no concrete activities in practice, either in situ or ex situ. Field research carried out on the Gacko open-pit showed that there are no major problems regarding monitoring and collecting of fossil record, which would later been professionally processed and adequately stored and presented to both professional and ordinary public.