"CUSTODIA", "RECEPTUM" И ДОГОВОРНАТА ОТГОВОРНОСТ. ЕДНО ПРЕПРОЧИТАНЕ НА ДОГМИТЕ НА ГРАЖДАНСКОТО ПРАВО В СВЕТЛИНАТА НА КАЗУИСТИЧНИЯ РИМСКИ МЕТОД

Author(s): Carlo Peloso / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2016

The issues relating to liability under contract occur - regardless of their respective individual system - on the plane of the structure of decision and responsibility on the plane of the allocation of the burden of proof. The contribution, after consideration of the main classical sources on the topic of custodia and receptum, offers a rereading update of the criterion, carved in the expression praestare custodiam, by strict interpretation of Art. 1218 of the Civil code and the provisions relating to liability so-called ex recepto which focuses on general and objective one based on contractual liability (a.k.a.: what is considered a violation in itself, not guilt) and re-interpretation of the sign cause ‘that can not be attributed to the similar language and descriptive phrases in the field of lack of responsibility for duties that focus on flexibility 'classical method' of classical Roman jurisprudence and flow into the regula nautilitas contrahentium.

(In)Efficient Use of International Law: Case Study of the Dayton System in BiH

Author(s): Tomáš Jungwirth / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2013

This paper aims to analyse the existent legal and political system of Bosnia and Herzegovina from the viewpoint of effective applicability of international law. It first deals with the general issue of the relationship between international law, domestic political structures and the individual, consequently moving to the specific case study of the Dayton system. The question arises whether such an excessive intervention was at all capable of establishing a stable institutional framework and of uprooting the enmities between the sides to the conflict. Certain criteria for the effective application of international law are drafted, in light of which the presented data are evaluated. A critical conclusion follows, defining the key setbacks of the Dayton system and hinting to possible alternative approaches.

(Ni)kakav osvrt? Period 1933-1945. iz ugla jednog notara

Author(s): Oliver Vossius / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3-4/2016

Author puts forth view that after 1945. the Third Reich became a topic to be reviewed not merely by historians. In the 1960’s lawyers also begin to analyse their own past. Professor Ilse Staff (born in 1928) is at the forefront of this movement. Her book „Judiciary in the Third Reich: A Documentation“, published in 1964, encouraged numerous German lawyers to face the evils of country’s authoritarian past. In his text, Vossius presents results of years of analysing the abuse of German law during Nazi rule. One of the main topics of his research is the role of notaries in the forced appropriation of property from the Jews. He closes his presentation in the following way: „We probably owe gratituted to total defeat of 1945 and the subsequent regime of occupation zones for being at all able to discuss this topic in Germany today. After the initial hesitation, this still lead to the regaining of conscience. I don’t know if world will necessary become a better place in this manner. Fritz Bauer once said „We cannot make Heaven on Earth, but each one of us is capable of contributing to making it Hell“. In this regard, casting a look backwards seems a better option than to overlook or repress such a problem“.

,,Sąd nad św. Franciszkiem z Asyżu” Giotta – próba prawniczej egzegezy

Author(s): Karol Adamczewski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2017

The fresco painted by Giotto Bondone showing the Renunciation of Worldly Goods by St. Francis undoubtedly arouses aesthetic and spiritual feelings. Nevertheless, the scene presented by Giotto also bears some legal characteristics. Thus, it may become a subject of some interesting discussions in the legal sense. First of all, its convention resembles to some extent a dispute before court where the parties and a judge take part in the proceedings. The characters presented, particularly father, son and the bishop, indirectly refer to such important legal institutions as patria potestas and audientia episcopalis. The subject of the dispute is also significant. In the analyzed scene, it relates to the inheritance of property rights and a demand to be obedient to the paternal authority. The relationship between the secular and spiritual power also constitutes a certain problem. Moreover, the issue of divine and human justice is raised. Therefore, the fresco of the Italian master bearing an artistic value might become a subject of a legal reflection and in this way fit the suggested approach: art in the law and law in the art .

100 години членство на България в Международната организация на труда и значение на международните трудови стандарти

Author(s): Ivaylo Staykov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2020

The subject matter of this scientifi c study is the substance and importance of those international standards on labour and social human rights which have been created throughout a century by the International Labour Organisation. The analysis is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of Bulgaria’s membership in this universal specialized international organisation.

140 години от създаването на Търновската конституция

Author(s): Hristo Paunov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Contemporary Bulgarian constitutionalism has deep and solid foundations laid in the National Revival era. On April 16, 1879, representatives of the Bulgarian people, gathered in the old Bulgarian capital – Tarnovo, adopted the Constitution of the Bulgarian Princedom, known as the Tarnovo Constitution. It is the first Bulgarian founding act that revived Bulgaria for a new political life, paving the way to its modern European statehood. This paper is dedicated to the 140th anniversary of the adoption of the Tarnovo Constitution.

150 GODINA OD DONOŠENJA KRIVIČNOG ZAKONIKA KNEŽEVINE SRBIJE

Author(s): Igor Vuković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2010

U ovoj, 2010. godini, obeležavamo 150 godina od donošenja prvog srpskog krivičnog zakonika – Krivičnog zakonika Kneževine Srbije od 1860. godine. Криминалный (казнителный) законикъ за Княжество Србію predstavlja jedan od prvih modernih evropskih krivičnih zakonika. Rad na njegovom donošenju otpočeo je 1855. godine, podstaknut idejom kneza Aleksandra Karađorđevića da je Srbiji potreban jedan „podpun Zakon kriminalni“, pošto ovaj „najsnažnije garancije podaje za obezbeđenje ne samo ličnosti, česti i slobode, pa i života pojedini građana, no i samoga reda i spokojstva zemaljskog“.

1648 or 1948? No Room for Westphalia in the Middle-East

Author(s): Gal Amir / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2018

The article reviews the ‘religious communities' arrangement’ in Israeli family law, an arrangement that divides the citizens of Israel into religious communities, regulating their affairs of ‘personal status’ in separate religious courts, adjudicating in accordance with religious law. The article demonstrates that the Arrangement defies the concept of state sovereignty, as it is not based on ‘Westphalian’ concepts of space and territory, but on a different concept, originated in Israel's history, and Islamic pre-modern concepts such as ‘umma’ and ‘millet’ – The ecclesiastical community of believers defying perceptions of political boundaries, and other communities of non-believers, subjected to it. The article concludes with a possible justification for this challenge of the state's sovereignty, rooted in ideas of legal pluralism.

19. Yüzyılın Son Çeyreğinde Osmanlı Mahkemelerinde Vasi Tayini

Author(s): Seda Saraç Özturan / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2018

The article we will examine is case law / legal representatives in a record book in court records formed in the frame of Ottoman legal structure. From these cases; It examines the reasons for the issue of vassal status, the conditions that are effective in the emergence of such a situation, what it means, the obligations and boundaries of the legal entity as the legal representative, and the rights and responsibilities of the persons appointed as legal representatives. In addition, the forms of reflection of changes in Ottoman law structure to court records and changes and developments in Ottoman society structure are emphasized.

1933 M. TEISMŲ REFORMA IR KLAIPĖDOS KRAŠTO JUSTICIJA

Author(s): Ieva Deviatnikovaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 97/2018

The article reviews Reform of Lithuanian judiciary in 1933 insofar as it relates to the judiciary of the Memel Territory. Issues related to the implementation of this reform are discussed, as well as the demands of the Germany and Signatory States. The research is done mainly on the bases of the documents found in the Central State Archives of Lithuania: pro memoria of the governors of the Memel Territory, the letters of Lithuanian ministers and officials of the Directorate of the Territory, conversations between representatives of Germany, Signatory States and Lithuania, statutes of the Memel Territory, and case law of the Senior Tribunal of the Republic of Lithuania. Commentaries on Lithuanian laws and publications by interwar Lithuanian scientists and mass media have been used as well.

200. výročí ABGB a české právnické fakulty

Author(s): Ondřej Horák / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 2/2012

Loňský rok byl pro českou právnickou veřejnost rokem kodifikací. Připomínali jsme si dvě stě let od vyhlášení Všeobecného občanského zákoníku (ABGB) a současně byl dokončen a parlamentu předložen ke schválení nový občanský zákoník. Propojení obou událostí má svůj nepominutelný symbolický rozměr, protože rekodifikace českého práva se prostřednictvím vládního návrhu z roku 1937 programově vrací právě k česko- rakouskému občanskému zákoníku z roku 1811.

2004. НА ПРАВНОМ ФАКУЛТЕТУ У НИШУ

Author(s): Slobodanka Stojičić,Nebojša Ranđelović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 45/2004

242 Numaralı Manisa Şer’iyye Sicili Defterinin Değerlendirmesi

Author(s): Ömer Karataş,Mustafa Akbel / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 06/2015

Court registers are the notebooks in which Moslem judges recorded the orders they gave at the courts, the documents that came from the center and the important incidents they were responsible for. Court registers include the orders, nomination certificates, imperial orders, the registers of the important incidents that happened in the county, towns and villages where essays were traversed as scripts, verdicts by the court register judges and regents at the courts. The subjects in the court registers include all kinds of incidents, regulations, historical facts that can happen in a county administration. It is possible to reveal out the economical, social, cultural and legal conditions, the in formation related to military service of that period, the social incidents before and after the war. This study we found there views on Manisa Sharia record number of 242 entries.

2nd International Meeting of Young Historians of Ancient Greek Law (Athén, 2010. szeptember 3–4.)

Author(s): Miklós Könczöl / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2011

550. rocznica powstania staropolskiego dwuizbowego sejmu

Author(s): Włodzimierz Kaczorowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4(1)/2018

70 lat Powszechnej Deklaracji Praw Człowieka – pomnik czy żywy dokument?

Author(s): Zdzisław Kędzia / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2018

The article poses a question about the current meaning of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The starting point is the analysis of the legitimacy of the Declaration, which leads to the conclusion that the support for it has not been eroded by the passage of time, but has indeed gained strength. The Declaration՚s message of the universality of human rights is tackled from the perspective of the controversy over this principle in the drafting process and in the light of the debates held in preparation for the Second World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna in 1993 and during the Conference itself. The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action not only stressed that the universal nature of human rights is beyond question, but also pointed to the importance of national and regional specificities, and various historical, cultural and religious conditions that, however, do not relieve states, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems, of the obligation to promote and protect all human rights. The InterAction Council’s initiative to develop a Universal Declaration of Human Responsibility is presented as an attempt to reconcile different doctrinal and political positions with regard to the universality of human rights. The conclusion of these considerations is the expectation that the already visible tendency to absorb various philosophical, doctrinal and cultural traditions in order to enrich human rights justifications will prevail over attempts to question the universality of rights in the name of regional or other distinctions. The Universal Declaration was also a testimony to the holistic approach to human rights, encompassing economic, social, cultural, as well as personal and political rights. The subsequent winding road in attitudes to the two main categories of rights at the international arena ultimately led to the return of the spirit and letter of the Declaration and the recognition of equality of all rights in the legal and institutional-procedural dimensions. Various aspects of the Declaration’s binding force and related controversies have been analysed in the context of its status as a resolution of the UN General Assembly, as an interpretation of the UN Charter, as part of customary law and jus cogens, and the concept of so-called UN law. The last part attempts to justify why the Declaration should be seen as a living instrument.

735 lat zwalczania i... Rzecz o korupcji w Rosji

Author(s): Katarzyna Laskowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2009

The phenomenon of corruption in Russia, shown in the historical perspective, is described here by changes of legislation in this matter throughout the ages. It is clearly seen that changes of legal regulation tried to penalize many new aspects of bribery and to increase of penalty. The attitude of the society, both Russian and Soviet, shows that legal regulations have been ignored not only by citizens, but also by the state’s officers. The scale of corruption now and damages it causes is an evidence that there is no effective system of protection against these crimes in Russia.

A Brief History of the Hungarian Legal History Science with a Special Attention to the Publication Possibilities

Author(s): Norbert Varga / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2014

The article includes a comprehensive and accurate picture of the development and hardships of the Science of Legal History from the second half of the 20th century. It is impossible to give a systematic representation of the science of legal history in Hungary; the author’s aim is use snapshots of different problems in order to give a feeling for the changes legal history went through due to the political events of the 20th century. To sum up, it can be said that publication opportunities were affected by both subjective and objective factors in Hungary. It is a happy fact that the number of researchers in the field of legal history constantly increased. The structure of university education and the changesin international relations also affected the transformation of possibilities for publication. After the era of Socialism, the publication of research results in the field of Hungarian law, more specifically, the field of legal history, changed significantly. One must not forget that with the broadening of international relations, further options became available for foreign colleagues to become familiar with the works of Hungarian legal historians.

A Brief Review of Scholarly Events in Legal History in Ukraine in 2016

Author(s): Roman Shandra / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

A Brief Review of Scholarly Events in Legal History in Ukraine in 2016

A Brief Review of Scientific Events in Legal History in Ukraine in 2013

Author(s): Roman Shandra / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2014

During 2013 in Ukraine a large quantity of scientific works dedicated to the historyof law and the state was published. Ukrainian scholars were investigating issues in both national and foreign law