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4.50 €

Възникване и развитие на македонските бежански културно-просветни и благотворителни братства в България (1878-1951)

Author(s): Stoyan Raychevski / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The Macedonian charity, cultural and educational fraternities in Bulgaria were established by the refugees from Macedonia who came to this country after Kresna-Razlog Uprising in 1878, the Illinden (St. Elijah's Day) Uprising in 1903, the Second Balkan War in 1913 and World War I. They originated on a purely fraternity basis with the aim of charity work, mutual support and preservation of family roots. The number of fraternities established by the refugees grew with their number in Bulgaria, running parallel to and enrichment of the forms of organization: clubs emerged, ephorie (boards of trustees), cooperatives, cultural and educational scocieties, orphanages, including banks such as the Macedonian Cooperative Bank and the Macedonian Popular Bank, and the Macedonian Research Institute among others. At the beginning of May 1934 there were about 540 Macedonian refugee structures established all acros Bulgaria with 50634 regularly reported members. The activity of the Macedonian fraternities was officially terminated with Decree № 130 of 1951 of the Presidium of the National Assembly. A special circular letter of the Ministry of Justice was issued whereby the company cases of the refugee organization were transferred to the regional and district courts where single-member panels presided. The decree of the Presidium transferred the entire property of the Macedonian charity fraternities and other Macedonian organisations to the newly-established Gotse Delchev Society in Sofia.

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Неизвестен ръкопис от писмо на акад. Тодор Павлов до Тодор Живков по македонския въпрос (документален разказ)

Author(s): Ivan Dzhambazov,Silvia Dzhambazova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper of the two authors essentially provides the academic, cultural and political audience with the opportunity to have contact with an authentic document which was preserved for over 40 years. It is a tale of what was heard, seen and particularly experienced in the 1970's in the relations between the two political colossi in Bulgaria at that time. The account of the meetings with Todor Pavlov and the facsimiles of the published documents provoke the way of thinking of contemporary times and the conclusions that can be made.

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Македонският въпрос, югославизмът, османският патриотизъм и модерната антропология

Author(s): Ivan Nikolov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Civilizational accumulations, the deformations of various nature and the need to rationalize them give rise to contradictory opinions about identical processes and events. Several Balkan authors are presented, as well as their views and methods and models they use. The Croatian DubravkaUgrešić and her painful nostalgia for the disintegrated Yugoslavia in 'The culture of Lies'; Turkish historian Fikret Adanir with his work on the Macedonian Question 'Die makedonische Frage. Ihre Enstehung und Endwicklung bis 1909', in which the leitmotif of the study is the principle of the Ottoman 'milliyet' system; as well as the book of Greek author Anastasia Karakasidou 'Fields of Wheat, Hills of Blood: Passages to Nationhood in Greek Macedonia, 1870-1990', first published in the United States. It speaks of the Bulgarians in Aegean Macedonia, as well as the fate of the Macedonian citizen Vladimir Paunovski and his report revealing the ideology of Yugoslavism and Titovism, which generated Macedonism and the Macedonian language. The paper also reveals the connection between their views and their attitude towards the doctrinal framework of Benedict Anderson's fundamental for modern anthropology work, 'Imagined Communities'.

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Свети Йоан Дамаскин, Теодор Абу Кура и ранният ислям

Author(s): Yuliyan Velikov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

With the formation of Islam as a religion in the 7th century, initially spread over the Arabian Peninsula, Christianitu faces a new challenge, which the Christian theologians are not entirely prepared to meet since this "doctrine" can not be "seen" through the eyes of the Antiquity. Saint John of Damascus and Theodore Abu Qurrah represent the early polemics with Islam. Their answer to the call of the minaret reveals two important aspects of the Christian polemics with Islam: through knowledge of the Qur'an as a text and highly competent polemical presence. These two features, in one way or another, were later recognized, assembled and followed by all Christian polemicists in the East and West.

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Das Нежит-Amulett von Кърджали und die rekontruktion seines Textes

Author(s): Ulrich Schweier / Language(s): Bulgarian,German Publication Year: 0

In the past years a lot of lead amulets have been found in Bulgaria and some of them enchantments on them against Nejit, who are believed to be a humanoid spirit in the folklore. The oldest amulet found is dated from 10-11th century. This paper is focused on an amulet that has been found recently near the town of Kyrdjali. The uniqueness of this amulet is that a mix of cyrillic and glagolic letters have been written on it. Two copies of the text exist that were analysed and described once by German and second time by Bulgarian linguists. The interval between the two examinations was 10 years. In this article a comparison between the Bulgarian and the German reconstruction of the text is being made as the two texts are evaluated in the context of the newest information.

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Две кратки редакции на чина на Свето Богоявление

Author(s): Hristina Toncheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The Old Bulgarian Blessing of the Waters on the Eve of Epiphany from X-XI centuries is the earliest Slavic copy of that work, giving an account of the very old routine of the Holy Sanctification of the Water, which is performed nowadays on the eve of Epiphany (January 6 - new stile). During the examination of the later Slavic copies of this Convention from the XV-XVII centuries, were discovered two unknown short redactions - one of them from the XVth c. - in Russia, Serbian, and Bulgarian Books of divine services and Prayer-books, and the other - from the year 1782 (in a Church Slavic prayer-book from Hilandar monastery, in Mount Athos). In the article, for the first time, is published the text of the short redaction of the Blessing of the Water on the Eve of Epiphany, from the above mentioned XVIIIth c. Preayer-book.

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Надгробен надпис в чест на шейх

Author(s): Katerina Venedikova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The author makes a short review of publications of Arabic Ottoman inscription in honour of a sheikh. The paper provides a facsimile, a deciphered text transcribed in Latin, a translation in Bulgarian and coments on the monument. The inscription shows that there were members of the Qadiri tariqa (Sufi order) in the 18th century in Plovdiv and maybe that there was a tekke of this brotherhood.

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Левски: канонизацията

Author(s): Lyudmil Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The text attempts to reconstruct the beginning of the Bulgarian heroic epic. The author believes that the structure of the author‘s epic was invented by Hristo Botev and was later extended by Ivan Vazov. Vasil Levski‘s figure is met in both poets, but while Vazov writes the live of the Deacon like a saint, Botev carries out his literary canonization according to all ritual procedures and turns it into the Bulgarian Jesus.

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Рапсодия vs. ода – „вносните“ модели за литературна иконизация

Author(s): Lyubka Lipcheva-Prandzheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper discusses the models of memory, which the cycle of odes “Epopee of the Forgotten” by the Bulgarian poet Ivan Vazov and the cycle “Rhapsodies of the Bulgarian Gusle-player” by the Slovenian poet Anton Ashkertz offer to the respective national audiences. The analysis bounces off the provocation of the mutual “dislike” of Ashkertz and Vazov so as to project through the textual juxtaposition of the shared by the two poets literary icon of “Vasil Levski” the different functionality of their means of expression

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1898. 25 години от обесването на Левски: юбилей и преса

Author(s): Elena Getova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The year 1898 marked the first jubilee of Vasil Levski – 25 years since his hanging. The dynamics of political processes in liberated Bulgaria at the time present a rather interesting and particularly complex picture against the background of which this event unfolded. The stereotype of jubilee celebrations was yet to consolidate and this particular occasion – the anniversary since the death of the Apostle of freedom – makes visible the deep political contradictions inherited from previous historical realities. The manifestations of these contradictions can be seen in the press in 1898.

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Държавническото иконизиране на Васил Левски в британската преса в периода 1867 – 1908 година

Author(s): Rumyana Zlatanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper examines for the first time the initial reception of Vasil Levski’s image and significance in the British daily and weekly press in the period 1867 – 1908. Commencing with a curious case of the first appearance of his name in the British press, the paper focusses further on press contributions reporting on a series of Bulgarian state ceremonies and commemorative events that, on the one hand, function as rituals of state iconisation of the Bulgarian national hero Vasil Levski and, on the other hand, exploit his high status for political purposes. In its final part the paper presents the first critical voices in the British press against the political instrumentalisation of Vasil Levski’s image in Bulgaria.

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Левски, клирът и християнството – възможният дискурс

Author(s): Goran Blagoev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The essay attempts to juxtapose and analyze the divergent and often contradictory stories accompanying Vasil Kunchev’s path into and out of monasticism, his subsequent religiosity, and his Christian consciousness. It outlines the image of a man experiencing doubts and inner conflicts but preserving his faith. His letters and proclamations clearly reveal how the knowledge of Christianity he had received and his life of faith shaped his revolutionary philosophy.

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Национализмът на Васил Левски

Author(s): Todor Radev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

e need to segregate the true historic personality of Vasil Levski in his undisputed role and pivotal mission of Bulgarian national hero, from the mythical images created by the idiosyncratic viewpoints in different sociopolitical layers of time. The text duly justifies the need to rediscover the real personality of the Bulgarian Apostle of Freedom. The academic study follows the ideological transition of Vasil Levski from conservative nationalism, towards the liberating revolutionary nationalism of the Bulgarian Revival period. The study takes into consideration the indirect ideological impact of Giuseppe Mazzini over Vasil Levski, and follows up the unique application of the Mazzinist concepts of revolutionary nationalism in the specific Bulgarian conditions.

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Възторзи по името (или за две съвременни антологии, посветени на Апостола, и отвъд тях)

Author(s): Gergina Krasteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present paper entitled “Exaltaions about Name: or, Two Contemporary Anthologies Dedicated to the Apostle and Beyond Them” comments the existence/non-existence of interest about the historical figure and life's work of Vasil Levski as a thematic field in Bulgarian poetry in the last few years. The observations, made on the basis of separate works of art, books and virtual sites, are a scientific attempt to outline the profile of current trends. These trends are combining aesthetic and socio-political attitudes towards the figure of the Bulgarian national hero.

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Символизации на образа на Васил Левски в самосъзнанието на бесарабските българи

Author(s): Elena Ratseeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article at hand deals with projections of Vasil Levski’s image in the self-consciousness of Bessarabian Bulgarians. The resettlement to Bessarabia took place long before the formation of Bulgarian semiological system and significantly prior to the appearance of the Vasil Levski culturologem as its substantial construct. Even though historically the diaspora has come a long way full of assimilation threats with public education in Bulgarian only becoming possible by the end of 1980’s, and the cultural processes together with the interethnic environment being very different from those in the metropolis, still the ethnocultural coordinate system of the young generation of Bessarabian Bulgarians (revealed by means of a directed associative experiment) holds the image of Vasil Levski as a key culturologem for the Bulgarian segment of personosphere of the 10th generation of Bulgarian immigrants in Bessarabia.

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The Sacrifice of Domestication: Theorizing Religion

Author(s): Jeremy Biles / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This comparative study will thus serve the scholarly purposes of articulating a multifaceted critique of Smith’s work while offering a corrective to his theory of religion through a turn to Bataille. More broadly, it commends further attention to Bataille by students of religion, for the field of religious studies stands to be invigorated by Bataille’s provocative, deliriously lucid writings. Following the example of Bataille, I will formulate grounds for resisting the rationalist mode in religious studies as exemplified by Smith, inquiring into the possibilities presented by shifting the register of religious studies from Smith’s privileged ratio-scientific concepts - for example, objectivity, distance, reason, conservation, accumulation, knowledge, and futurity - to those that Bataille puts forward in his theory religion: excess, experience, eroticism, expenditure, destruction, violence, and the present moment. I will argue that the (usually implicit) values connected with these respective approaches must be discerned and considered in thinking about how to theorize religion. There is, I believe, much to commend thinking more frequently and intensely in a Bataillean experimental register.

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History of Religions and Cultural Fashions Revisited

Author(s): Jerry Cullum / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The academic discipline of the history of religions is intrinsically interdisciplinary, and perhaps in a position to contribute particularly useful insights to the dialogue across academic boundaries. This essay is intended to present a very thin slice of cultural responses to our contemporary condition, and to suggest a few possible resources for analysis of them.

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Jainism and the West - An Overview

Author(s): Melanie Barbato / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Why then should we be interested in the Jaina tradition and its relations with the West? First, the numbers do not give an accurate picture of the importance of Jainism. Jains like Anju Jain, former co-CEO of Deutsche Bank, are influential in the world of business and trade. In India, Jains both male and female are much more likely to be literate than their Hindu compatriots. The Jain tradition is rich and beautiful, both in the historical and contemporary perspective. Jains have made central contributions to Indian culture. In Indian philosophy they sought to position themselves in the middle ground between the “one-sided” views of other schools.

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Constructing Their Own Liberation: Youth’s Reimagining of Gender and Queer Sexuality in Iraqi Kurdistan

Author(s): Hawzhin Azeez / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Youth across the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) are consistently an influential generational cohort that contributes to progressive and evolving visions of Kurdishness. Not only are they impacting the nature of Kurdish identity through their activism and shrewd use of social media, but they are also moving toward a more critical views of patriarchal nationalism (Kurdayetî) and challenging gender norms. In the past half century, the KRI has become the locus of Kurdish nationalism, which has acted as a means of entrenching patriarchal, clientelistic, and patrimonial attitudes in the name of the national and Kurdish struggle against the Iraqi state. More recently, this patriarchal nationalism has become increasingly fragmentary, promoting a sense of disconnect and apathy within society, since the political elite has reduced Kurdayeti to a tool used to loosely legitimize their diminishing claims to power. This approach by the political elites has failed to create a united and consistent shared sense of belonging in society for a largely adolescent and youth cohort. Kurdish leaders continue to use past glories, struggles, successes, and achievements to maintain power, even as their current policies no longer feasibly represent or entice the evolving interests of a substantially youthful population.

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Kurdish Youth and Civic Culture: Support for Democracy Among Kurdish and non-Kurdish Youth in Iraq

Author(s): Dastan Jasim / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The foundations of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) were laid in 1991 and what started as a form of de facto autonomy became official in 2005, being enshrined in the new Iraqi constitution. This brought major changes to how Kurdish people were socialized in the newly established Kurdish region. A new generation was born in this decisive period during the 1990s that has now grown up to be citizens of the Kurdistan Region and Iraq, with the cohort of people under the age of thirty constituting most of the country. The systematic changes of governance in Kurdistan and Iraq in 1991 and 2003 have led to a situation in which the members of this cohort were politically socialized much differently than their parents.

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