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Inegalităţi de gen şi mecanisme discriminatorii pe piaţa muncii

Author(s): Mihail Rarita,Mihaela Baroni / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2021

This study is part of a project funded by the European Union aimed at supporting equal opportunities and professional promotion of women in the project implementation counties: Galaţi, Brăila, Vaslui and Călăraşi. Our research starts from the premise that employment, pay or promotion conditions may limit women's participation in the labour market. In today's Romanian society, multiple inequalities between women and men persist on the labour market, in professional and social life. Even though the status of women in society has changed considerably compared to previous decades, women and men do not have the same opportunities in terms of educational and professional path or family life. The aim of this study is to analyse gender inequalities and discriminatory practices that affect both employed women and those who want to enter the labour market. Although anti-discrimination laws and measures exist, they are neither sufficient nor effective to ensure equal opportunities for women in the field of professional relations. These need to be reinforced by education and public policies that integrate the gender equality dimension and create equal development opportunities for women and men.

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I PRIVILEGI IN SEDE FALLIMENTARI. RIFERIMENTO SPECIFICO QUIS NAVIS FABRICANDAE VEL EMENDAE VEL ARMANDAE VEL INSTRUENDAE CAUSA

Author(s): Maria del Pilar Perez Alvarez / Language(s): Italian Issue: 2/2021

Preferential credits are those credits that guarantee a preferential satisfaction of the creditor with respect to unsecured and ordinary creditors. This preference is established in relation to the competition of creditors and is per se a benefit granted by the legal system to certain credits, which substantially coincide with those present in most European legal systems. In the Digest, for example, reference is made to the privillegium in favor of creditors who have administered their money to build, equip or purchase a ship. The present study aims to analyze its origins, regulation and graduation with respect to other preferential credits.

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JURISPRUDENŢĂ ÎCCJ

Author(s): Redactia Pro Lege / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01/2022

Regarding the activity of the High Court of Cassation and Justice (Judge Panel on the appeal in the interest of the law), three decisions of acceptance were issued regarding: Law No 119/1996 on civil status documents, the Code of Civil Procedure, the Civil Code and the Administrative Litigation Law No 554/2004; Framework Law No 153/2017 on the salaries of staff paid from public funds; GO No 64/2006 on the salaries and other rights of civil servants with special status in the penitentiary system and the Labour Code.

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„Social Security Law" - The 9th Edition of the University Lecture in 2021

Author(s): Ana Ştefănescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The new edition of the university lecture "Social Security Law" by the prestigious university Professors Alexandru Țiclea and Laura Georgescu, an extensive lecture (approximately 500 pages), keeps up to date with the most important legislative changes and additions to the findings in the field, and it is only natural that these famous authors of labour law should facilitate a systematic, comprehensive understanding of all the issues of interest in social life, by even addressing them in detail.

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ЗА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛНАТА СОЛИДАРНОСТ

Author(s): Desislava Yaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

This article considers the fundamental category of “labor” as an object of various scientific disciplines. Follows the development of labor issues in the context of various economic and sociological theories. Rethinking the correlation between division of labor and social solidarity in the field of industrial relations in Bulgaria and raises the need to define an indicator measuring the regulations of labor and directly related relations, imposed by law as an obligation of the state through the mechanism “tripartite cooperation

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REFLECTIONS ON PERSONAL DATA PROCESSING THAT IS NECESSARY FOR THE ENTERING OR PERFORMANCE OF A CONTRACT*

Author(s): Nicoleta Maria Cristolovean / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Even in pandemic times everyday life involves the conclusion of contracts written on paper, which in turn involves the processing of personal data not only for the performance of the contracts to which a data subject is party, but also in order to take steps at the request of the data subject prior to entering into a contract. In this regard Article 6 (1) (b) of the General Data Protection Regulation provides the legal basis that ensures the lawfulness of processing. This short article examines the limits of using this legal basis for personal data processing in the context of the controllers' obligations and the rights of the data subjects. The primary conclusion is that, although any contract can ensure the legality of personal data processing, not all personal data may be necessary for the performance of the contract, in which case another ground of processing must be used for the rest of the personal data processed, which in turn requires a thorough understanding of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 for an implementation of its provisions in their spirit and letter, the more so as an implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation limited to the preparation of documentation on the conformity of processing has no other effect than to turn it into a dead letter.

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DETERMINANTY ZMIAN POWSZECHNEGO SYSTEMU EMERYTALNEGO W POLSCE

Author(s): Karolina Matyjaszczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2021

Protecting citizens against social risk is one of the most important tasks of a democratic state. In Poland, it is implemented through the social security system, an important element of which is the pension system. The purpose of the article is to analyze the factors that determine the functioning and change of the pension system. The considerations concern the demographic, social, economic and political situation. The research problem is the circumstances that determine the need for reform of the Polish old age risk protection system. The following research hypothesis was formulated: functioning and change of the pension system are conditioned by many circumstances, but the most important thing is the demographic situation. Its verification requires the use of the document examination method as well as the method of analysis and criticism of the literature. The considerations undertaken in the article allowed to state that the pension system is subject to frequent changes aimed at adapting it to new conditions. In the author’s opinion, the demographic situation is the most important factor affecting the pension system, which may in the future pose an increasing challenge to its long-term stability.

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Accidentul de muncă. Tipicitatea infracțiunilor specifice

Author(s): Vlad Neagoe,Ciprian Dominte / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 04/2022

In the context of the requirement to guarantee a higher level of protection of the health and safety of workers, imposed in the field even at European level1, the offences against labour protection are one of the ways that give expression internally to the highest legal protection in the field, satisfying both the special prevention in the field by preventing the occurrence of such events, sometimes having the most serious consequences and the need to punish more severely such deeds, when special social danger thereof requires so. The complexity of offences against labour protection lies in the often omissive and culpable conduct of the perpetrator, sometimes related to a particular specificity of the causality link between this and the state of concrete danger thus created, with special implications on the imputability of the deed, in the context of the difficult interpretation of the vast special legislation, which must, therefore, be known and correctly applied. The relevant doctrine was initiated, starting precisely with the comment on the first incrimination of this sort in the Criminal Code of Carol II of 1936, and relevant case law was found, including from the constitutional contentious court, with regard to the compliance with the principle of legality of the incrimination in terms of predictability of the rule of incrimination, short references being formulated to the European law in the matter of safety and health at work and of comparative law. Our analysis will cover the entire content of the specific offences, with reference to both the objective and the subjective typicalness of the offences against labour protection, including their pre-existing conditions, with the declared aim of supporting the practitioners in the field.

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Prawo do strajku generalnego. Rozważania de lege lata i de lege ferenda

Author(s): Janusz Żołyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2021

The right to political (general, universal) strike is undoubtedly polycentric in nature, since in order to properly decode and interpret it, it is necessary to refer to both axiology, philosophy and national and international law, including EU law. Moreover, a political strike is in fact not only a result of axiological assumptions, accepted philosophical or doctrinal and political considerations. It manifests the state of the State and the level of democracy in terms of the struggle for the improvement of working and remuneration conditions, social sphere or public sphere.

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Liga Operelor Sociale şi înfiinţarea căminelor de copii în judeţul Bacău

Author(s): Elena Ungureanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XL/2011

According to the law 5213 from October 29, 1944, The Social Works League replaced the old Council of Patronage of the Social Works which was set up in 1942 along the Chairmanship of the council of ministers and which in 1944 was subordinated to the Department of Labour, Health and Social Protection. The mission of the Patronage Committees from every county, town or village was to help with money, food and clothes either poor people or the families of those who were called to arms as well as widows and orphans of war.

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Public Emergency Threatening the Life of the Nation

Author(s): Anna Michalska / Language(s): English Issue: 12/2021

The paper is an English translation of Niebezpieczeństwo publiczne, które zagraża życiu narodu by Anna Michalska, published originally in Polish in Prawa człowieka w sytuacjach nadzwyczajnych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem prawa i praktyki polskiej in 1997. The text is published as a part of a jubilee edition of the “Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review. 100th Anniversary of the Department of Public International Law” devoted to the achievements of the representatives of the Poznań studies on international law.

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ASPECTE VIZÂND CONSTATAREA CONTRAVENŢIILOR DIN DOMENIUL SĂNĂTĂŢII PUBLICE

Author(s): Dragoş Lucian Rădulescu / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 4/2020

The finding of public health offenses is of particular importance, especially in the context of the current Covid-19 pandemic. The article analyzes the manner of ascertaining the non-conformities in the field of public health, the application of the contravention sanctions and the observance of the conditions necessary for the validity of the ascertainment minutes. The main objective is related to the need to present the relevant national regulations, appeals, as well as jurisprudential developments. The purpose of the research relates to the recognition of the importance of the principle of health security, the legality of sanctions, as well as the analysis of the role of state institutions in control processes.

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INEGALITATEA ÎN RAPORTURILE DE MUNCĂ. RASISMUL ȘI XENOFOBIA

Author(s): Dragos Lucian Radulescu / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 4/2020

Inequality in legal employment relationships refers to the existence of a difference in treatment that affects the rights of employees, contrary to the provisions found in international, European or national law. We can consider discrimination as a direct or indirect practice of infringing the relevant rules, with the effect of restricting or excluding the use or exercise of the rights of the parties in employment relationships, which is subject to antidiscrimination regulations at European level. The article details the case of discrimination on the grounds of ethnicity or origin in employment relationships, European mechanisms, issues of racism and xenophobia, as well as elements of the scope of sanctions in criminal matters.

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Некоторые вопросы использования средств материнского (семейного) капитала на приобретение жилого помещения

Author(s): F.N. Bagautdinov,A.D. Iskhakov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2021

This article considers certain problems in the implementation of the provisions of the Federal Law “On additional measures of state support for families with children” regarding the use of maternity (family) capital for the purchase of housing, as well as the capacity of prosecutors to respond efficiently to violations identified in this activity. One of the violations while implementing the national project “Demography” is the failure of parents to register their underage children’s right of ownership to the housing in case maternity capital is used to purchase this housing. Possible ways to evade the allocation of a share in the housing by parents to their underage children and the prosecutor’s role in solving this problem were analyzed. To encourage parents to timely allocate a share in the housing to their children, it was suggested to introduce administrative responsibility for violating the six-month term of compulsory registration of shares in such cases. The problem of allocation of a share to children when unfinished construction projects and residential premises are purchased with the use of maternity capital and mortgage loans was also discussed. The procedure of how and, most importantly, in what way shares should be allocated to children was explored: there are no residential premises, it is unknown when the house will be completed (and whether it will be completed at all) as the terms for individual housing construction are not established. Therefore, it was suggested that changes must be made to the Federal Law “On mortgages”.

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Considerații practice în privința nomazilor digitali în România. Tendințe la nivel european

Author(s): Iuliana-Raveca Lazar / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2022

The aim of this article is to give a brief presentation of the novelties involved in the pursuit of professional activities by digital nomads, namely the conditions under which a foreign national, employed or owner of a company registered outside Romania, may benefit from the special scheme and from the rights of entry and stay in Romania, recognized, and regulated in national law in favour of travellers. Domestic legislative trends and measures adopted by other European countries will also be considered. The provision of work or services through information and communication technology is at the heart of the nomadic working style. Digital nomadism also means remote work or services, without the work itself changing. In Romania and at the European Union, digital nomadism has become an extremely widespread phenomenon in the context of the outbreak of the pandemic caused by the Covid-19 virus. Changing the style of work has in most cases also led to a change in lifestyle. People’s desire to know, to discover new places and habits has made work from home become work from any home.

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Încadrarea locurilor de muncă în condiţii speciale conform H.G. nr. 1025/2003. Condiţii. Perioada de expunere la factorii de risc profesional (Curtea de Apel Constanţa, secţia I civilă, decizia nr. 336 din 2017)

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2018

Din dispoziţii art. 1 din H.G. nr. 1025/2003 nu rezultă că factorii de risc profesional trebuie să fie prezenti pe tot parcursul programului de lucru si nici că angajaţii trebuie să lucreze în prezenţa acestor factori de risc pe parcursul întregului program de lucru deoarece şi în situaţia în care factorii de risc apar temporar, efectele foarte grave ale acestora nu încetează odată cu dispari?ia lor ci se produc în mod continuu asupra angajaţilor, conducând la o deteriorare în timp a stării lor de sănătate.

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Salariat. Despăgubiri.Prejudiciul cauzat prin suspendarea contractului individual de muncă în baza art. 53 alin. (1) lit. b) teza întâi din Codul muncii, apreciat neconstituţional prin Decizia nr. 279/2015 a Curţii Constituţionale

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2018

Declararea neconstituţionalităţii dispoziţiilor art.53 alin. (1) lit. b) teza întâi din Codul muncii, potrivit cărora contractul individual de muncă poate să fie suspendat din iniţiativa angajatorului în cazul în care acesta a formulat o plângere penală împotriva salariatului, încetează de orice efect norma juridică. Urmare a încetării dispoziţiei legale în baza căreia angajatorul a dispus suspendarea contractului individual de muncă, măsura întreruperii raportului juridic este lipsită de temei legal şi cauzatoare de prejudicii, salariatul având dreptul la plata de despăgubiri.

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Admitere excepţie de neconstituţionalitate - Admitere recurs în interesul legii - Hotărâre prealabilă. ÎCCJ – Completul pentru dezlegarea unor chestiuni de drept

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2018

1. Prin decizia nr. 516/2018, M. Of. nr. 516 din 22 iunie 2018, Curtea Constituţională a admis excepţia de neconstituţionalitate şi constată că dispoziţiile art. 10 alin. (5) teza a doua din Legea nr. 360/2002 privind statutul poliţistului sunt neconstituţionale. În esenţă curtea a reţinut: Curtea a statuat că poliţistul este funcţionar public civil, cu statut special, potrivit art. 1 alin. (1) din Legea nr. 360/2002, şi că, în conformitate cu art. 2 alin. (1) din aceeaşi lege, poliţistul este învestit cu exerciţiul autorităţii publice.

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Conflict de muncă. Drepturi salariale ale angajatului. Conflictul negativ de competenţă. Competenţa teritorială alternativă. Dreptul reclamantului de a stabili instanţa competentă (Înalta Curte de Casaţie şi Justiţie, secţia I civilă, decizia...)

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

Prin cererea înregistrată pe rolul Tribunalului Bucureşti, secţia a VIII‑a conflicte de muncă şi asigurări sociale, la data de 21 martie 2017, reclamantul A., în contradictoriu cu pârâtele B. SA şi C. SA a solicitat anularea deciziei de concediere nr. 809 din 20 februarie 2017 emisă de B. SA şi obligarea pârâtei la: reîncadrarea în funcţia deţinută anterior concedierii conform art. 78 alin. (2) Codul Muncii; plata salariilor indexate, majorate şi reactualizate şi celelalte drepturi de care a beneficiat salariatul, de la data concedierii abuzive (20 februarie 2017) până la data reintegrării efective; plata orelor suplimentare reprezentând pauza de masă de o oră (60 min.) cuvenită zilnic pe ultimii 3 ani în cuantum de 4.200 euro; plata orelor suplimentare din timpul săptămânii şi din weekend în cuantum de 12.600 euro; plata orelor suplimentare lucrate în weekend în cuantum de 3.200 euro; plata sumei de 15.000 euro reprezentând prejudiciul suferit prin schimbarea grilei de comisionare; plata concediului de odihnă neacordat; dobânda legală remuneratorie pentru câştigul de care a fost lipsit după schimbarea în mod unilateral sau abuziv a grilei de comisionare.

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Admitere excepţie de neconstituţionalitate a Ordonanţei de urgenţă a Guvernului nr. 25/2020 pentru modificarea şi completarea Legii nr. 95/2006 (Curtea Constituţională, decizia nr. 229/2020, M. Of. nr. 602 din 9 iulie 2020)

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2020

CURTEA, având în vedere actele şi lucrările dosarului, constată următoarele: 12. Prin Adresa nr. 3.235 din 19 februarie 2020, înregistrată la Curtea Constituţională cu nr. 1.161 din 19 februarie 2020, în temeiul art. 146 lit. d) teza finală din Constituţie şi al art. 32 din Legea nr. 47/1992, Avocatul Poporului a sesizat Curtea Constituţională cu excepţia de neconstituţionalitate a dispoziţiilor art. I pct. 1, pct. 2, pct. 5 şi pct. 6 din Ordonanţa de urgenţă a Guvernului nr. 25/2020 pentru modificarea şi completarea Legii nr. 95/2006 privind reforma în domeniul sănătăţii, precum şi a Ordonanţei de urgenţă a Guvernului nr. 158/2005 privind concediile şi indemnizaţiile de asigurări sociale de sănătate.

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