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"Words hurt for life" – legal aspects of verbal punishment of children

Author(s): Sylwia Rózycka-Jaros / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

This paper is dedicated to the issues of verbal punishment of children during the upbringing process. Statistics show that this is the most common type of punishment of children used by parents. Unfortunately, it often takes the form of a humiliating criticism, shouts or intimidation. All this affects negatively the child’s psyche. Taking into consideration the amendments which introduced a total prohibition on using corporal punishment towards children to Polish legislation, the issue of the limits of verbal punishments permitted by law still remains unsolved. Apart from a short definition and the description of the scale of this phenomenon, this paper is mainly dedicated to a legal analysis, which takes into account the stances of the doctrines of criminal and civil law. This paper attempts to give a straight answer to the doubts concerning this matter.

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A Study on Assertivness, Efficiency and the Quality of Judicial Work

Author(s): Aleksandar S. Mojaševic,Sandra Mojaševic / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

A Study on Assertivness, Efficiency and the Quality of Judicial WorkThe subject matter of this research is the correlation between the judges’ assertiveness and the efficiency and quality of judicial work. The primary aim is to examine whether there is a correlation between the judges’ assertiveness, on the one hand, and the efficiency and quality of their work, on the other hand. The second aim is to explore the correlation between the efficiency and quality of judicial work. The starting premise is that there is a correlation between particular indicators of these variables. Judges’ assertiveness is a conditionally independent variable used as a referential point for measuring two conditionally dependent variables: the efficiency and the work quality of the judiciary. The assertiveness was measured by a standardized questionnaire which was distributed to a research sample including 40 judges from the Criminal Department and the Civil Department of the Basic Court in Niš in May 2015. The efficiency of judicial work was measured by employing four indicators: the clearance rate (CR), the disposition time (DT), the clearance coefficient (CC) and the percentage of solved cases as related to the total number of cases (PS), whereas the quality of judicial work was assessed by measuring the overall work quality (WQ). The data on the efficiency and quality of judicial work were collected from the 2014 Report on the work of the judges in the Civil Department and the Criminal Department of the Basic Court in Niš. Contrary to our expectation, the most important finding is that there is no correlation between assertiveness and the efficiency and quality of judicial work; however, there are various correlations between the aforementioned indicators of efficiency and quality of judicial work.

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About Security in Contemporary World

Author(s): Ladislav Hofreiter / Language(s): English / Issue: 21/2015

The task to ensure security in contemporary world is a complicated political, scientific-technological and socio-economic problem. As the security itself is complicated, multifactor and hierarchized phenomen also its investigation has to be of an interdisciplinary character. The character of security environment, the character of security risks and threats and also the character of tools for their elimination are essentially changing. The basis to security of social subject consisted in arrangement of the conditions for their existence, to surviving in the present time and advancement into the future. Assurance of this condition means it provided ability to the social subjects to eliminated threats that are defined. In situations of asymmetrical security, the threats are not always clearly defined. They often consist of their own structure systems, in relationships and status the subjects of internationals relations. Asymmetrical of security, by our opinion, presents a discrepancy, unbalance, non-parity between subjects of the international security environment. The unbalance, discrepancy, non-parity has political, military, economic, law, social and societal dimensions.

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Accessorial Liability in Common Law: A Critical Analysis

Author(s): Fernanda Fernandez Jankov / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

In this work it is analyzed an interesting institute of American criminal law and that is accessory liability. This institute, besides else, stays in a very interesting relation with the doctrine of so called joint criminal enterprise. That relation is not so clear, and the author points out some problems in that relation. The author also makes an analyze of some cases of accessory liability.

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Adwokat jako reprezentant zobowiązanego w administracyjnym postępowaniu egzakucyjnym

Author(s): Bogna Wach / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2017

The aim of this paper is to highland an issue participation of attorney to enforcement of proceedings in administration. The polish act on enforcement proceeding in administration does not explicit participate of professional representative on the part of obliged on proceedings. Enforcement measures monetary and non- monetary obligation are very complicated and complex issue for obliged. Strengthen efforts to ensure adequate legal aidare necessary to ensure the protection of obliged interests and rights.

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AKTUELNA PROBLEMATIKA U PROGRAMIRANJU I IZVOĐENJU NASTAVE ZA EDUKACIJU I OSPOSOBLJAVANJE BUDUĆIH DIPLOMIRANIH PRAVNIKA U PROCESU OSAVREMENJAVANJA UNIVERZITETA

Author(s): Senad Džinic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 6/2015

Author of the paper analyzes the critical access issues and perspectives of science education system with special emphasis on the Faculty of Law, as well as the personnel policy in the judiciary and in the universities in the Republic of Serbia. In this connection, the author points out problems that arise in the design and implementation of curricula of law schools, insisting on application skills, a larger number of hours of practical training and mandatory cooperation between law schools with the courts, prosecution, companies and similar institutions. In the second part, the author deals with the issue of personnel policy in the judicial system of the Republic of Serbia. Accordingly the author gives suggestions for solving numerous problems which were pointed out in the paper.

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Aktywność organizacji pozarządowych w polskich sądach niepolegająca na udziale w postępowaniach

Author(s): Bartosz Pilitowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 21/2016

Non-Governmental Organisations in Poland show wide interest in the justice system. Their actions are not limited to litigation. This paper outlines the typology of activities performed by NGOs in courts or closely related to courts, other than taking part in court or executive proceedings. Two main groups of actions are researched court monitoring and assistance to clients of the justice system. On the ground, Polish examples include in-court monitoring performed with the use of observers and other methods of information gathering. The civic court monitoring programme is comprehensive with more than 2,000 voluntary observers participating since 2010. In the field of legal aid, NGOs run several hundred centers where legal advice is provided pro bono.

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An Hypothesis over IF Trainings

Author(s): Paul Marinescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2012

The present article aims to make value of already classical concepts of Complex Systems Theory, such as: entropy, syntropy, emergence, feedback, complementarity. Personal experiences in the field of training have demonstrated to me that this can be regarded as a complex system, in which all specific laws of such can be applied. Comparisons I’ve made over the years between theoretical models and the real world have shown that we always tend towards models, we never achieve them, but it is important that we set them as targets.

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Analiza argumentu zdrowia publicznego w dyskusji nad legalizacją miękkich narkotyków

Author(s): Katarzyna Grotkowska,Konrad kobylinski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 76/2016

The purpose of the present text is to provide analysis of the public health argument in the context of the debate over legalisation of soft narcotics. The first part provides an explanation of the terms used, followed by an analysis of the term ‘public health’ in the legal terminology. The analysis of this termand the arguments built on that basis leads to a conclusion that the public health argument in the discussion about legalisation of soft narcotics is little convincing and lacks a sound, theoretical basis. Despite the fact that public health remains among the arguments most often raised in the narcotics discourse, in the final part of this work – drawing on the study of J. Haid in the area of psychology of morality – a possible explanation is presented as to why the argument of public health remains popular.

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Analiza prawnej i faktycznej sytuacji poręczyciela – wybrane zagadnienia

Author(s): Lukasz Jurek,Rafal Maciag / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2012

This paper highlights the issues arising from an obligation such as surety. Under the provisions of the Polish Civil Code, the legal position of a guarantor is closely related to non-legal factors. The ambiguity and uncertainty of the status of a guarantor are even greater due to the variability in time of the normative construction of a surety. Therefore, in addition to the measures available in law, a certain counterweight, such as the general public values, is necessary to address this state of affairs. The most widely understood trust, being the necessary condition for the proper development of a modern democratic state of law, may undoubtedly play that role.

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ANDRAGOŠKI PRISTUP U POLICIJSKOM OBRAZOVANjU

Author(s): Goran Blagojevic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 7/2016

Education in the field interior ministry which is in the strict center terms refers to education in police structures, is a complex dimension which requires access to life have outgrown interactive relations between lecturers and listeners. Modern education approach aims to eliminate classical methods of transferring knowledge from the lecturers to his listeners, especially in the police education where such a mode is going exclusively with adults.In the modern police education officers but and those who want to become police officers, represented the andragogical police education concept. He includes education and professional development training in mind. Be a coach in this sense represents a real challenge for police officers, or potential police officers, and for the instructors, or coach.In the context mentioned above this work will include andragogical access to police education, and in the police through the prism facilitation and andragogy area in the police education.

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Aplikacja sądowa Adama Vetulaniego: 1924–1934

Author(s): Jakob Maziarz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2016

This article concerns only one period of Adam Vetulani’s life, when he was occupied with legal practice (from 1924 to 1934, when he worked as an articled clerk in the Court of Appeal in Cracow). From this period only the first year was a time of effective learning; the rest of the time Vetulani spent on dissertation, which was possible thanks to help he was given from the administration of justice. The article is the first publication about this, until now unknown, period in professor Vetulani’s life.

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Arab customary law and the modern Western idea of restorative justice

Author(s): Ewa Górska,Jan Bazyli Klakla / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Arab customary conflict resolution and the alternative Western approach to dispute resolution are both the result of a similar way of administering justice – a restorative justice paradigm. Thus, we argue that it is not a new or a strictly western concept given that its fundamental values or even structures have existed in the customary laws of different cultures, like Arab culture, for centuries. In this article, we compare Western restorative justice institutions with the Arab customary conflict resolution process (sulh) used in contemporary Palestine.

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Around the Bloc: 80 Russian Drivers ‘Frozen and Forsaken’

Author(s): / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/12/2016

One motorist reportedly died of hyperthermia after being trapped on a highway near Orenburg for almost 16 hours after a snowstorm hit.

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Around the Bloc: Russian Spy Sentenced to Prison in Estonia

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 05/16/2017

The Baltic country has experienced a growing number of people spying on behalf of its eastern neighbor.

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Around the Bloc: Trial of Azerbaijani Journalist Rasim Aliyev’s Alleged Killers Starts

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/12/2016

Former Qabala FK soccer club captain Javid Huseynov, whom the journalist insulted on Facebook, faces separate trial for not reporting a crime.

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Aspekty prawne struktury rodziny a ambiwalentność koncepcji partnerstwa w stosunkach rodzicielskich z dziećmi.

Author(s): Pawel Sitek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

By taking part in discussions on the family problems, we have to agree that the conditions of Polish families in the twenty-first century, depend on the social, legal or economic factors. Rightly, professionals from many fields are deal with this issue and therefore the problem of family becomes an interdisciplinary issue. From the point of view of the family and guardianship law, promotion and implementation by the parents of partnership between parents and children is noticed. The aim of this study is to try to determine the cause of such a mixing of roles within the family. In view of the danger of warping upbringing of young generation by Polish families, it is necessary to re-examine the law in this regard and to make clear explanation about the legal and natural structure of the family in the twenty-first century.

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Asymetria ryzyka a zasada sprawiedliwości społecznej na tle problemu kredytów we frankach szwajcarskich

Author(s): Anna Jurkowska-Zeidler / Language(s): Polish / Issue: XXXV/2016

The appreciation of the Swiss franc at the beginning of 2015 has shown the scale of the currency risk for home loans in Swiss francs, the possibility of the unforeseen increase of further debt and the increase of the cost of servicing the loan beyond the financial capacity of the borrower. This sparked an intense public debate on the relevance and the manner of possible actions that should be undertaken in order to reduce risk associated with loans granted (denominated / indexed) in Swiss francs, which are dominant among home loans in foreign currency in the Polish banking system. Most borrowers did not realize the risk associated with this type of loans which de-facto were a kind of foreign currency speculation associated with significant foreign exchange risk. This risk has become real in recent years and has significantly increased the debt service costs. Additionally, bank shave increased their salaries by using high currency spread rate that is disadvantageous for borrowers. The asymmetry of risk existing in the context of foreign currency loans denominated or indexed in Swiss francs justifies the need for equitable distribution of its costs. The system solutions with regard to risk-sharing should be determined by the principle of social justice.

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ATYPICAL ELECTORAL SYSTEMS

Author(s): Csaba CSERVÁK / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Around the world we can face with a big diversity in the voting systems. Within certain limits governments have the right to determine how many votes a single citizen is allowed to cast, and how. Therefore we can also find majority-, proportional- and preferential electoral systems even only in Europe. Single- and multiple-vote systems are neither unfamiliar. While the vote-transfer system is currently employed in Malta and Ireland, until present Germany has applied the personalized PR-system. The electoral system in Hungary has changed over time. According to Act XXXIV of 1989, until 2010, the electoral system was an archetype of mixed voting systems: in it, it is possible to gain a mandate both in a single district and through party lists. The Parliament operates with 386 representatives. In 2010 the system was changed under the Act CCIII of 2011. It is still a mixed system, but there are only 199 mandates can be won: 106 in relative majority single constituencies and 93 on a national list. Since it provides compensation after the votes cast in single districts, it is also, essentially, a compensational system.

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AZERBAYCAN İŞ HUKUKUNDA İŞ SÖZLEŞMELERİNDEKİ İŞ ŞARTLARI DEĞİŞİKLİĞİNİN HUKUKİ SONUÇLARI

Author(s): Namik Hüseyinli / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 28/2015

The business relationship established between an employer and an employee imposes certain obligations between the parties in question. The obligations of a business contract are the base of the type of work relationship between the parties Parties, under the principle of freedom of contract, shall be able to mutually decide on terms of the contract. According to Azerbaijan’s Labour Law the terms of contract may be changed at a later date if both parties mutually agree on all changes. In this paper, we will be looking at and examining the requirements and the legal way already having been agreed upon between the parties. Some points from this subject will also be taken and compared to Turkish Labour Law.

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