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Entrepreneuriat social au Maroc : du militantisme à l’expertise en matière de développement

Author(s): Saad CHEMAOU,Mahomed Bendahan,Stefan Bratosin / Language(s): French Issue: 30 (2)/2022

The emergence of the entrepreneurship model gave rise to new spaces for exchange and debate around strategic choices and directions for development. This article focuses on the case of the regional committees of the National Initiative for Human Development (INDH) which operates to implement the program following a participatory approach bringing together elected officials, officers and representatives of civil society. The objective is to study the capacity of associative activists to participate in the INDH program following a systemic approach based on the theory of capacities and the socioconstructivist theory of communicational action. In order to do this, a qualitative methodology, mobilizing the case study and the semi-directional interview was put in place with the following results: the inability to achieve inter-understanding between the different actors due to socio-cultural and structural elements constituting the participatory practice, and the restriction of this participatory practice to a simple means of legitimizing local public policies.

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PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD ENERGY SYSTEM

Author(s): Maxim Sandu / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2022

In the presented article modern challenges, problems and prospects for strategic development of global energy system are described. The presence of some energy problems serves as starting points for improvement and emergence of trends associated primarily with technological innovations in extraction, transportation and supply of energy resources. At the moment the global energy picture of the world clearly demonstrates the general trends in the development of globalization processes. Results of research of policies and strategies of provision of energy security of regions of the world demonstrate the importance of context of international collaboration for effective development in a single vector.

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Farklı Alan Mezunu Öğrencilerin Eğitim Yönetimi ve Denetimi Doktora Programı Süreçlerini Değerlendirmeleri ve Covid-19 Pandemisinin Programa Uyum Süreçlerine Etkisi

Author(s): Selda KALYONCU DEMİR / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 12/2022

The aim of this research is to determine the reasons why people who have completed their undergraduate and graduate education in different fields other than educational administration prefer the education management and supervision program in their doctoral education, the difficulties they experience in the courses, the ways to cope with these difficulties and the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the adaptation processes to the program. The research was designed according to the qualitative research method. The study group of the research consists of 8 students who started the education administration and supervision doctorate program in a private university in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus in the 2019-2020 academic year and are still continuing in this program. A structured interview form was used as a data collection tool. Content analysis method was used in data analysis. Common codes and themes were created from the answers given to the interview forms. At the end of the research, it is seen that graduates of different fields willingly prefer the education management and supervision doctorate program due to the wide scope of education or because of the conditions such as current job and education opportunities, while they do not have education-related infrastructure and work life due to the fact that they are graduates of different fields during their doctoral education. It has been determined that they have problems with carrying out their studentship together. In addition, it was concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic also brought some advantages and disadvantages to the doctoral process.

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Pandemi (Covid-19) Şartlarında Örgütsel Sinizmin İşgören Performansı ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkileri: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Uygulama

Author(s): Ayhan Yalçinsoy,Ünsal Sigri / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 12/2022

In this study, "Does the organizational cynicism perceptions of health professionals have an effect on employee performance and organizational commitment?" the answer to the question has been sought. In this context, 218 healthcare professionals were reached through the online survey. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 18 application. Frequency, percentage, correlation and regression analyses were used in the analysis of the data. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the organizational commitment and organizational cynicism levels of the health workers participating in the survey were moderate, and the employee performance perception levels were high. An inverse and moderate relationship was found between organizational commitment and organizational cynicism. Again, while there were negative and moderately significant relationships between the cognitive and affective dimensions, which are the sub-dimensions of organizational cynicism, and organizational commitment, the inverse and significant relationship between the behavioral dimension and organizational commitment was found to be weak. As a result of the regression analysis between organizational cynicism and organizational commitment, it was determined that organizational cynicism had an effect on organizational commitment. As a result of the correlation analysis between organizational cynicism and organizational performance, it was determined that there was no significant relationship between them and as a result of the regression analysis, organizational cynicism did not have a significant effect on organizational performance.

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Önlisans Öğrencilerinin Girişimcilik Eğilimlerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma

Author(s): Erkan Perktaş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 12/2022

The importance of entrepreneurs, which are indispensable building blocks of national economies, is increasing day by day. In this direction, universities provide valuable contributions to the process with the education they give. University students can be considered as potential entrepreneurs. This study is carried out to determine the entrepreneurial tendencies of students in associate degree programs of universities. The sample group of the research consists of students at Adıyaman University, Vocational School of Social Sciences. In this study, in which the quantitative research method is used, the explanatory research technique is utilized. Questionnaire method is used to collect data. SPSS 22.00 statistical analysis program is used for the analysis of the data. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, frequency analysis, independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance are applied to the obtained data. Considering the findings of the study, it is concluded that the sub-dimensions of entrepreneurial tendency (selfconfidence, locus of control, using opportunities, innovativeness, risk taking, desire to succeed) in terms of demographic variables do not reveal a significant difference on the entrepreneurial tendency of the participants.

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Gendered Perceptions for Identifying Ecosystem Services in the Arid Ecosystem of Wadi Araba in Jordan

Author(s): Amani AL-ASSAF,Abeer ALBALAWNEH,Amgad HJAZIN,Rabab KABARITI,Lana ABU NOWAR,Jafar ALWIDYAN,Ghadeer ALBASHBSHEH,Mai DIAB,Wafa’a ABU HAMMOUR,Safaa ALJAAFREH,Salsabeel AL-SHISHANY,Nizar HADDAD / Language(s): English Issue: 3(59)/2022

This study aimed to explore how ecosystem services (ES) identification varies among the local communities based on gender perceptions, considering the differences in usage and access to natural resources. We conducted research through two methods; focus groups and personal interviews. Four focus groups were formed in four communities in Wadi Araba (WA), Southern Jordan. A structured face-to-face interview method was used to evaluate a random sample of 200 residents. A binary logistic analysis was conducted to explore how the respondent's gender is seen to influence the type and use of services, and their perceptions of services in an arid ecosystem. The analysis generated three models; the first model showed that women were able to recognize and use provisioning services related to livestock production as they use rangeland for grazing for long periods and long daily hours, and the second model results reflected those women were able to recognize few ES. The identified services were linked to income-generating activities for a long time. The third model indicated that men were more likely to recognize and indicate the establishment of government services in support of the region as a result of the thriving and developed tourism sector.

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Relationship Between Work Family Conflict and Marital Satisfaction: Marital Power as a Mediator

Author(s): Ayda Büyükşahin Sunal,A. Başak Ok,Meryem Kaynak-Malatyalı,Nur Taluy / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2022

Work family conflict (WFC), which is defined as a specific kind of tension that stems from contradictory demands of work and family roles, is one of the important factors associated with marital satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between work family conflict and marital satisfaction via the mediating role of marital power on this relationship. With this purpose, data was collected from 289 individuals who were in dual-earning marriages. A survey package including a demographic information form, Work Family Conflict Scale, Personal Sense of Power Scale, and Marital Life Scale, were administered to participants. Both types of work-family conflict were negatively correlated with marital power and with marital satisfaction. Series of ANOVAs yielded significant gender differences on both forms of work-family conflict. More specifically, women experienced both forms of work-family conflict more. On the other hand, no significant gender difference was found on marital power and marital satisfaction. Results of regression analysis via Process Macro indicated that only F-to-WC significantly and negatively predicted marital satisfaction via marital power. That is, family to work conflict tended to decrease marital power; decreased marital power in turn tended to decrease marital satisfaction. These results indicate that marital power has an important role on the relation between family to work conflict and marital satisfaction. Additionally, the results indicated the criticality of F-to-WC over W-to FC in examining the relations among marriage related variable. That is, as family to work conflict increases marital power decreases; as marital power decreases marital satisfaction also decreases. These results indicate that marital power has an important role on the relation between family to work conflict and marital satisfaction. Additionally, the results indicated that family-to-work conflict is more important than work-to-family conflict in examining the relations among marriage related variables. Family related problems seem to be more important than work related problems in determining marital satisfaction.

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Crtice iz prošlosti trgovačke kuće Despić s posebnim osvrtom na privatne troškove 1870–1882. godine

Author(s): Hana Younis / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 21/2022

The paper provides insight into the history of the Despić family from the middle of the 18th century until the end of the 19th century. This is the period in which the family gradually became rich through trade and reached its peak in financial and social position. The paper lists the basic trade routes they used and the companies they most often did business with. Based on the sources, the author also analyzes the surname Despić, by which the family was recognizable, and provides information on when its members began to sign themselves that way. Special attention in the text is given to the analysis of the defter of household expenses that was kept by Aleksa during the Ottoman administration, and by his son Jeftan after the Austro-Hungarian occupation. On the basis of these data, the life of the family, their mutual relationship, but also the social and status changes of a respectable Sarajevo family is depicted.

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Management of the Competitiveness of the Region in the Context of Sustainable Development Based on the Concept of "Evidence-Based Policy"

Author(s): Dametken Turekulova,Raushan Dulambayeva,Lyazzat Mukhambetova,Mussa NIYAZOV,Aibope Abzhapparova,Ainura Omarova / Language(s): English Issue: 3(59)/2022

Competitiveness is an important factor of economic development, reflecting the ability to achieve and maintain high rates, thereby determining the economic growth of the country, competing in the international arena, and managing all necessary resources. Many scientists consider this concept, but, nevertheless, there is still no specific method for assessing the competitiveness of the country's regions. Therefore, the author considers methods of assessing competitiveness at the regional level in Kazakhstan using statistical data on the Karaganda region from the data of JSC "Kazpost". The purpose of the study is to analyze the management of the region's competitiveness in the context of sustainable development of Kazakhstan based on the concept of "Evidence-based policy" and develop recommendations for further improvement of measures aimed at protecting the environment on the materials of JSC Kazpost.

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Blue-green nature-based solutions for urban wastewater - Enabling a circular economy

Author(s): Sanghamitra Rath,Bharati Mohapatra / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Climate change implications are a major concern for urban areas. They are vulnerable to major disasters and pandemics for the sheer number of people depending on the limited infrastructure in a confined area. Responding to this conundrum will require directing significant investments and resources towards the right solutions in the coming years. It is also imperative for us to consider whether our current infrastructure investment strategy is adequate. Governments and urban planners have so far favoured grey or traditionally engineered infrastructure for wastewater treatment. These legacy systems need to change to cater to current needs. Nature-based solutions (NbS) and blue-green infrastructure (BGI) are an alternative to restoring and managing a diverse integrated ecosystem, with the least amount of construction or interference with nature. They are a multidisciplinary, integrated approach towards a regenerative urban system that enables a healthy environment and has significant ecosystem benefits. The incorporation of circular economy criteria for evaluating NbS solutions in the urban domain is vital to ensure its sustainability. The paper will assess the NbS applications and blue green infrastructure concerning wastewater in urban areas and their effectiveness and scope towards promoting a circular economy.

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Meta-Analysis ELECTRE III and AHP in Evaluating and Ranking the Urban Resilience

Author(s): Robert Kosova,Daniela Halidini QENDRAJ,Evgjeni XHAFAJ / Language(s): English Issue: 3(59)/2022

Recently, climate change has become more visible, with weather extremes and natural disasters causing more economic damage than ever before. Given all the factors that threaten the dynamic ecological balance, it is very important to ask whether there is a possibility to assess the sustainability of some territorial units using technical and scientific criteria. Is there a method to assert that one community or municipality is more resilient than another and to explain all of this? Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is the most appropriate theory best applied to such complex decisions. MCDA methods are used to assess "if and how resilient my city is". Previous methodological frameworks for urban sustainability have been created and presented in the literature, and most of them use the AHP technique. These methods form a hierarchy of decision-making problems with criteria and alternatives (cities, communities), and the latter are evaluated based on how well they meet the criteria. This paper aims to assess the urban resilience of Durres County, Albania, and its regions and municipalities that share the same urban and geographical characteristics using the AHP and Electre III methods. This city has been studied, analyzed, and evaluated because it has a history of natural disasters and is in a very dangerous area for some indicators. The results of the study concluded that the district, its regions, and communes are at high risk of flooding due to torrential rains accompanied by river floods, erosion of agricultural lands and the coast, as well as other natural risks, and need significant improvements to cope with them. Albania and the region of Durres have been involved over the years in several national and international projects to improve urban sustainability and resilience. However, the assessment and improvement of urban sustainability should always be an ongoing process.

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Basic Elements regarding the Structure of the Local Public Administration. Comparative Study between the Suceava County Council in Romania and the Briceni Rayon Council in the Republic of Moldova

Author(s): Petronela Scutariu,Cristiana Pascari / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This micro-research allowed the highlighting of the organizational particularities, from a territorial and functional point of view, of the deliberative bodies of the public administration at the level of Suceava County in Romania and Briceni District in the Republic of Moldova. Suceava County Council is a public authority that operates at the county level with the aim of managing the activity of communal, municipal and city councils for the provision of county public services. The Briceni Rayon Council is the representative and deliberative authority of the rayon population, its subdivisions implementing public policies in the fields of education, social assistance, finance, culture, tourism, agriculture, economy, construction and management.

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ÜZÜMÜNÜ YE, BAĞINI SOR: TÜRKİYE VE DÜNYA EKONOMİSİ BAĞLAMINDA COĞRAFİ İŞARET

Author(s): Sırrı Emrah Üçer,Senem Çakmak Şahin,Seçkin Sunal / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 74/2022

This study investigates the geographical indication process in Turkey as a part of transformation in Turkish and world agriculture. By employing the theoretical framework of International Food Regime agenda, authors analyze and historicize the globalization of Turkish agriculture in terms of reorienting of agricultural localities/regionalities from national to global division of labor. Additionally, demographic transformation experienced by Turkey and its consequences on food production, agriculture and rural population are questioned. Authors also argue that, geographical indication certificate is also among the strategies of agricultural producers’ strategies shaped by globalization of agriculture and rapid urbanization. The article treating the transformation of agriculture through globalization on a general scale also develops a critical approach to the specific way geographical indication emerges. While policy suggestions aimed at coping with uncertainty and difficulties posed by globalization on agriculture, rural population and food safety are discussed, the trend in geographical indication applications and registers in Turkey are also treated in conjunction with economic uncertainty, international competition and transformation in agriculture policies.

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Problems and Prospects of Human Capital Development in Post-Industrial Society

Author(s): Alona Tiurina,Vitalii NAHORNYI,Olha Ruban,Mykola Tymoshenko,Vitalii Vedenieiev,Nataliia Terentieva / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

In a post-industrial society, the analysis of human abilities to work, their formation, reproduction and effective functioning is becoming increasingly important for achieving social and economic well-being. In the realities of globalization and total informatization, the figure of a person with his knowledge, creative and intellectual abilities comes to the fore. There is a reorientation of economics from the use of labor resources to the problems of creating a qualitatively new workforce, which takes the form of human capital.The concept of human capital testifies not only to the crucial role of man in the socio-economic system of post-industrial society, but also the need to invest in man, his education, training, health and livelihood, which are now priorities not only for individuals but also various government projects and programs. The state of human capital development is measured using the human capital index, which is calculated for each country separately. In contrast to other studies, the article focuses on the development and importance of human capital in the realities of post-industrial society. Namely, the concept of human capital in the realities of post-industrial society is considered, the state of human capital development in modern conditions is analyzed, the influence and challenges of post-industrial society on human capital development are studied and the method of comparative analysis is applied.

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TBMM Arşiv Kayıtlarına Göre Cumhuriyet Dönemi Bitlis Milletvekilleri ve TBMM Faaliyetleri (1923–1950)

Author(s): Suat Özdağ / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2022

Bitlis is one of the important civilization centers of Anatolia with its historical background and cultural values. For this reason, researching and lighting every period of the city's history will make significant contributions to both the province of Bitlis and the "Historical Science". Local history studies provide important resources and benefits to regional and national history studies. The political living space of Bitlis, which has been an important settlement throughout history, since the first years of the Republic, and the efforts of the cadres engaged in politics in this area are of great importance in terms of social transformation. With this study, we aimed to evaluate the political, social, economic and cultural development process of Bitlis in the Republican Period, the deputies representing the city and their activities. It is important to reveal the political, social, economic and cultural bases of the political cadres who dominated the country's administration in the Republican era, both at the local and national level. In general, the progress and development of the country, the city it represents locally, in line with the planned targets is closely related to the skills of the deputies. In this study, the background of the deputies who represented the city of Bitlis in the Turkish Grand National Assembly during the Republican Period (1923-1950) and the activities of the Parliament were investigated, the representation status of Bitlis in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in this period, the people elected, the studies and events were examined, and the political history of the city was tried to be explained. In this study, prepared in the light of archive sources, the biographies and parliamentary activities of the Bitlis Deputies in the Republican Period were discussed in detail in chronological order. Information on the biography of the deputies was obtained from the registry files in the TBMM Archive, the Translator Hal Warakas and the Turkish Parliament History (first 8 volumes), which are the publications of the Turkish Grand National Assembly. The election records of the deputies were obtained from the archives of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, and their work in the General Assembly was obtained by scanning the Minutes. In order to reach the other political works of the deputies, the documents related to Bitlis in the Presidency Republic Archive were used.

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Evaluating the relationship between sustainable development, localisation and the informal economy: evidence from Romania

Author(s): Ioana Alexandra Horodnic,Colin C. Williams,Iuliana Chițac / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The aim of this paper is to deepen understanding of the relationship between sustainable development, localisation and the purchase of goods and services from the informal economy. This has not before been investigated. To do so, it reports a survey of 1,209 respondents conducted during October-December 2021 in Romania, a country with one of the largest informal economies in the European Union. The findings reveal a link between consumers' motives to purchase informal goods and services and the pursuit of sustainable development through localisation. The analysis shows that there is no purely sustainability-driven consumer in the informal economy, but this rationale is prevalent as one of several motives for a large proportion of consumers purchasing goods and services from the informal economy, who do so explicitly for the purposes of environmental protection and localisation. The implications for theorising and tackling the informal economy are then discussed.

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Gender disparities in COVID-19 job losses across European post-transition economies

Author(s): Valerija Botrić,Tanja Broz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

COVID-19 has brought severe adverse effects on the economy and labour markets across the globe. Due to the nature of the crisis, firms in service sectors with frequent interactions among consumers or between consumers and providers have been particularly affected. Since these sectors predominately rely on female workers, higher propensities for female workers to be either laid-off or furloughed were expected. Hence, we explore gender differences in lay-offs and furloughs in European post-transition economies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results confirm adverse labour market effects for female workers. More precisely, firms in post-transition countries are disproportionally more likely to dismiss female workers if they have recorded sales decrease and if the firm is larger and older. Surprisingly, firms in the manufacturing sector are more prone to shedding female workers or including them in furlough schemes, probably related do competitiveness and supply chain disruptions issues. Regarding restrictive COVID measures, we have established that closing restaurants and bars, gyms and sports centres, as well as the closure of entertainment venues, are creating adverse conditions for female workers.

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The Ecological Dimension of Sustainable Development: Bringing Forth Pedagogics to Safeguard the Global Future

Author(s): Denys Svyrydenko,Frol Revin / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2022

Training of citizens with a high level of environmental awareness, eco-consciousness and sustainable culture on the basis of new informed criteria for assessing the relationship between human society and nature should become one of the main instruments in solving extremely acute environmental and related socio-economic problems. Environmental education, as a holistic cultural phenomenon that includes the processes of inculcated education and (most importantly) personality development, should be aimed at the formation of ecological culture as a crucial component of the system of national and public education of all strata of the global population. In particular, within our educational system emphasis should be put on imparting through environmental education with the help of public environmental organizations by updating and making our academic disciplines, training programs, and approaches greener, more sustainable as well as making sure they provide professional environmental training through basic environmental education. Solving these pressing issues should ensure the formation of integral ecological knowledge and thinking platform within our educational institutions, necessary for the adoption of environmentally sound national and global decisions at all levels of the socio-political entities, groups, spheres of influence and activity fostering and facilitating thereby an in-depth mastery and understanding of ecological knowledge and agenda, furthering the formation and development of ecological thinking, consciousness and culture among students as well as the general population. With the presently looming threat of an environmental catastrophe, the authors are convinced that only a balanced, ecologically safe harmonious and sustainable program of action is our way out and should be the basic idea, forming and informing the methodological crux of environmental education in accordance with international policies, standards and practices.

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THE IMPACT OF THE EUROPEAN FUNDING ON THE ROMANIAN SMEs. CASE STUDY ON THE REGIONAL OPERATIONAL PROGRAM 2007-2013

Author(s): Diana Elena Abalașei,Liviu-George Maha,Elena-Daniela Viorica / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Abstract: Romania's accession to the EU has allowed access to significant financial instruments for economic and social development. Their main role was to boost job creation, economic growth, and investments across Europe, with particular focus on the least developed regions and in sectors with growth potential, and Romania subscribes to this goal with all its regions. One of the most important pillars in economic development is to encourage the growth and development of SME's, which have significant economic and social effects in terms of increasing employment, encouraging innovation and stimulating competitiveness on the European market. During the 2007-2013 budgetary period, one of the main programs including financial support for enterprises was the Regional Operational Programme, through which European funds were allocated for the creation and development of microenterprises in the urban areas. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of the these funds on the economic performance of the urban Romanian SMEs. It was evaluated how these microenterprises performed once they benefitted from the European funding, and if and to what extent these financing instruments contributed to their growth and development.

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The Rise and Decline of Polish Revisionist Marxist Economics: The Fates of Włodzimierz Brus and the Faculty of Political Economy (University of Warsaw), 1953–1968

Author(s): Piotr Koryś,Maciej Tymiński / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

The paper deals with the history of Polish revisionist Marxist political economy, which flourished between 1956 and 1968, mostly in the academic institutions of Warsaw. The fate of Polish revisionism in Marxist economics is presented in parallel to the intellectual biography of Włodzimierz Brus (one of its leaders) and the fate of the Faculty of Political Economy (Wydział Ekonomii Politycznej [WEP]), which he co-established at the University of Warsaw. The authors compare contemporary documents and existing analyses of the period with memories of Brus’s colleagues and students, collected decades after the events. The authors show that both the relative freedom of expression and academic research and the process of gradual closing of these possibilities were related to the changing balance of power within Party elites.

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