We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
This paper evaluates the impact of two active labour market measures providing financial contributions to cover costs related to spatial mobility of the unemployed. One supports daily commuting and the other resettlement. For the purpose of evaluation, administrative data from the obligatory social insurance database and the official register of the unemployed were linked. Three indicators of outcome are identified, commuting time, the income of individuals and employment after the end of support. The richness of the data allowed us to use propensity score matching in order to rule out possible selectivity issues. After achieving satisfactory balance, we have yielded comprehensive and robust, significant positive effects of both of the measures under evaluation. The estimated impact differs regionally and is based on the individual characteristics of the beneficiaries.
More...
Currently in developed countries there is growth of initiatives which are aimed to reconnect farmers and consumers whose relationships in the last century became as distant and detached as they had never been before (due to industrial food production, centralization of the market, etc.). The state-of-art and recent trends in agricultural production, distribution and consumption in Russia, and St. Petersburg in particular, are analyzed in the article (mainly from the prospective of supply and demand for local products). The aim of the paper is to understand whether the current conditions are favorable towards development of such reconnection initiatives, which in the western literature are most frequently referred to as “short food supply chains” (or “alternative food networks”).
More...
This paper investigates the managerial interpretation of the terms “error of judgement” and “white-collar crime” in relation to the evasion or negligence observed in administering occupational health and safety (OHS) provisions in the apparel manufacturing sector of Bangladesh. The research is qualitative in nature and follows an interpretivist paradigm. The questionnaire responses were collected from 20 mid- and top-level managers from 10 large apparel manufacturing factories located on the outskirts of Dhaka. The research reveals that all of the respondents have adequate knowledge about the relevant OHS provisions and safety protocols imposed on them by the local government and the global supply chain. They believe that the correct administration of the OHS provisions will reduce workplace accidents effectively. The research unfolds that the respondents interpret in different ways the terms "error of judgement” and “white-collar crime” in association with OHS negligence and evasion. Although empirical evidence shows that this type of negligence and evasion are considered as white-collar crime and punishable, most of the respondents in this research do not subscribe to this notion and alternatively believe that it is an “error of judgement” and therefore non-punishable.
More...
Conflicts are a part of daily life that people encounter at home, work, and in organizations. It is evident that organizational conflicts are becoming more complex. In this respect, it is important for senior executives not to disregard these conflicts and involve public relations professionals in the conflict management processes. Hence, it is expected that public relations professionals become participants in the strategic planning process and that senior management relies on their experience and talents during the strategic planning process of organizations and resolution of issues. Another definition of public relations has emerged over the past years, even though the recent definitions of public relations focus on developing mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics. Glen T. Cameron from University of Missouri defines public relations as management of conflict and competition strategically for the benefit of one’s own organization and, if possible, mutual benefit of organizations and individuals. It is impossible to disregard the influence of public relations professionals on managing the conflicts between an organization and its peers, and hence it is important to conduct further research on their approach to conflict management. With this motive, research questions have been generated based on the data presented by Professor Kenneth Plowman as a result of his analysis of strategic management of public relations in conflict management. Using the semi-structured interview technique, public relations professionals in Turkey were asked to describe their approach to conflict management.
More...
The definition of beauty in the 21st century, which comes from advertising and art, has become a critical contribution to the attempt to analyse some artistic actions and events which make use of popular culture reconstructing the social reality as well as building a different semantic perspective. The postmodern body has been commodified, offered for sale, or has become an icon presenting current cultural, medical or aesthetic trends and canons. In our speech we would like to study the critical art discourse centered around a disagreement with the universally applicable carnality image of a woman whose body is subjected to aesthetic restrictions and repressed by a beauty myth of victimization. The body becomes a tool serving the interests of large marketing corporations which, by creating an artificial myth of the beauty of a female body, shape it according to their own preferred framework. Starting from the philosophical and emancipatory reflection, we aim to show in this article that the body in culture is presented according to the prevailing discourse of power. Finally, we will try to mention the importance of corporeality in the world media, where it often becomes objectified.
More...
With the developing marketing understanding, the advertisements have become one of the necessary communication tools today. The advertisements are offered to increase sales and encourage positive attitudes and behaviors of target audience in favor of the businesses, brands and products. In addition, some principles should be considered when designing advertisements. It is inevitable that especially a wrong message to be given in the advertisement for brand or product or a commercial campaign that will contradict with the moral understanding of the society would affect negatively the trust of consumers in brands and businesses. In this study, we aimed to determine how advertisements shown in the social media platforms, which are gradually developing, are perceived by consumers in terms of the concept of morality. For that purpose, the data were gathered from the students attending to Sakarya and Giresun Universities and they were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. According to the study, it was found that female students compared to male students, students attending to formal education compared to evening education and students of Giresun University compared to the students of Sakarya University were more sensitive to some concepts included to the measurement of advertisement ethics.
More...
Global capital aims to establish a world state ruled by a world government in order to dominate based on the interests of global oligarcs. Simulteneosly with the World War II, global capital has moved from London to New York, and democracy promotion has been a fundamental component of American hegemonic policies. American hegemony gains puppet states in to ways; regime restoration (democracy promotion and developments projects are in use with soft power projection) and nation building (state foundation following hard power use). In that article, we investigate the present and future of democracy promotion as American civilian internention method in course of the new world order.
More...
The employment priorities in the social oriented economy are characterized in modern conditions of Azerbaijan and limited demand for the working force as the acting tendency in conditions of high supply are investigated in this article. The priorities of the modern employment policy, The principal tendencies in the labor market of Central and Eastern Europe and CIS after 1990. Also the main characteristics of the state regulation of employment and its social characteristics and efficiency are envisaged in the work.
More...
The difficulties in the joined actions of Bulgarian and Turkish partners on projects within the Trans-border Cooperation Program are the result of the influence of framework factors, rather than being due to cultural differences. Asymmetries, mainly economic in nature, influence the aptitudes and actions of both sides. In the prolonged situation of limited financial resources for the Bulgarian side, the projects turn to be of a key importance for it. Thus the Bulgarian partners try to perform their tasks strictly according to the requirements of EU. At the same time, for the Turkish partners the projects seem to be less attractive and thus failing to create motivation for adhering to the formal rules as well as for the timely fulfillment of the engagements which they have undertaken. In order to cope with the problems in their current and future projects, the Bulgarian actors, using experience and knowledge from previous projects, apply action oriented strategies including creation of generalized images of the Turkish partners together with narratives about meetings and conflicts with them.
More...
The Bulgarian guild organizations during the Renaissance were the most comprehensive economic and social organization, professional and social support of the population. The guilds represented self-governing craft and trade associations of a closed nature, uniting people with the same livelihood, with a common leader, obeying common rules, the guild statute and a specific structure. The members of the guild organization, as residents of a given settlement, complied with local traditions, honored and celebrated holidays (Easter, Christmas, etc.), and also celebrated the holiday of their guild and the patron saint of the craft. The guild holiday belongs to the so-called “heavy” holidays, i.e. holidays celebrated with particular solemnity by the members of the community. During the guild festival, which often lasted several days, there were church services for the living and deceased members of the guild, a general meeting of the guild was held, at which the report of the governing bodies was accepted and those who would rule in the future were elected. There was also a real celebration with a common meal and merriment.
More...
The publication is a continuation, supplement, and summary of several previous studies devoted to the economic relations between the company „Hadzhi Mincho Tsachev and Company“ from Tarnovo and the Tapchileshtov brothers (Hristo and Nikola) in their trade in metals (copper, iron, and steel), tallow of animal origin, and buffalo hides. This publication provides information on the exchange of other goods and raw materials between the mentioned contractors: raw silk, cordovans, wheat, yellow cheese, caviar, coffee, olive oil, and soap. It also presented information about the assistance that the Tapchileshtov brothers (mainly Hristo Tapchileshtov) have provided to the partners in the Tarnovo company in their activities on the purchase and exploitation of state sources of revenue. The present publication, as well as the preceding ones, is prepared mainly based on previously unused Greek-language documents (letters and transcripts of letters). The research method is thematic-chronological. The conclusions we reach are: The information on the topic of the relations between the trading company „Hadzhi Mincho Tsachev and Company“ and the Tapchileshtov brothers is fragmentary, and it is not possible to make a complete analysis of the trade exchange that has taken place between them (quantities of goods sent, their value, financial turnovers, respective profits, etc.). It can be assumed that the beginning of the economic relations between the company „Hadzhi Mincho Tsachev and Company“ and the Tapchileshtov brothers was established in 1847. The exchange of goods is two-sided. The Tapchileshtovi brothers (together or independently) sent to their partners in Tarnovo the following raw materials and goods: metals, caviar, coffee, olive oil, soap, and dye. The Tarnovo company sent to the Tapchileshtovi brothers (to both or one of them): tallow, buffalo hides, raw silk, cordovans, yellow cheese, wheat and possibly corn. The economic operators in question also carried out commission activities. The Tapchileshtovi brothers assist the company „Hadji Mincho Tsachev & Company“ in its activities on the purchase and exploitation of state revenue sources. This is what Hristo Tapchilestov is mainly involved with. The documents testify that the contact between the Tarnovo company and the Tapchileshtovs lasted until the spring of 1855, i.e., until the murder of Hadji Mincho.
More...
The study presents the professional development of Stefan Pipev –a graduate of the Academy of Economics in Wien, a third generation trader, industrialist and a partner in the brewery Prosek Brothers. The accent is put on the period from 1907 until 1927 when Stefan Pipev was managing the brewery on his own and in a partnership the industry established by the Prosek brothers. He succeeds in keeping the relative rise of the production and modernizes it with new technologies. His management coincides with multiple crisis - a fierce competition between the beer brewers, a lot of bankruptcies, raising excised duty, and the economic disruption caused by the Balkan, the Second Balkan War and the World War I. Despite the unfavourable circumstances the Bulgarian entrepreneur succeeds to fight off the competition and keep the trademark Prosek in the top three brewery industries. For the purposes of the research are studied documents from the State Archive –Sofia and State Archive – Veliko Tarnovo. Despite the low number of scientific and popular publications about Stefan Pipev all of them have been used in the study.
More...
The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union adopted on October 23, 2024, and published in the Official Journal of the European Union, European Directive 2024/2831 regarding the improvement of working conditions in platform work. The directive must be transposed by member states into domestic legislation within 2 years (i.e., by December 2, 2026). It remains to be seen whether these two years will be a sufficient grace period for those who own or use digital platforms to conduct careful analyses of the business model and existing framework, as well as to prepare and design the best measures to adapt to future legal regulations.
More...
Being one of the most important assets in governmental organizations and private companies, intelligence became a subject of interest for both researchers and practitioners in the last decades. In the literature, the concept of “intelligence” has got many meanings and interpretations, like psychological intelligence, emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence, social intelligence, organizational intelligence, business intelligence, competitive intelligence, and national security intelligence. The core meaning of all these different specialized concepts remains the same: the capacity of processing data, information, and knowledge. Their differences come from the context in which these processes operates and the mission of the organizational structures which perform these specific processes. Business intelligence and competitive intelligence are characteristics of private companies, while national security intelligence is characteristic for the state-owned institutions. This paper aims to present a comparative analysis between business intelligence and national security intelligence based on a critical literature review and adopting a knowledge management perspective. The value of the present paper comes from the semantic tool used in our comparative analysis and the perspective of knowledge management adopted.
More...
This article examines the roles of symbolic, material, and competence agencies as reflected in consumer comments on Electrolux’s sustainability campaigns on Instagram, and how these agencies shape consumer perceptions of the brand’s environmental responsibility. Drawing on the theoretical and methodological foundations of Content Analysis, the study reveals that communications promoting technological innovations that facilitate sustainable practices – without demanding significant changes to consumers’ daily habits – are better received. In contrast, campaigns urging more active changes in daily practices face resistance and generate substantial backlash, including accusations of greenwashing. This study underscores the importance of balancing technological innovation with culturally sensitive communication strategies that resonate with consumers’ socio-cultural contexts and personal agency.
More...
When analyzing the changes that the modern world is constantly undergoing, business should not be omitted. It is an important link in the information ecosystem, co-creating the discourse in which we all function. Communication, in turn, is a strategic area in every company, determining its image and influencing profitability. How business understands communication determines specific actions, the consequences of which are widely felt. In the study of the largest companies in Poland, areas such as social media, artificial intelligence, ecology and advertising were checked in terms of communication. This allows you to see the approach to information management, priorities in this area and the implementation of solutions that can build resistance to disinformation or support the language of equality. The tools used by companies can provide inspiration and good practices in other areas of social life, improving the quality of communication.
More...
The present study aims at analyzing an important issue in human resources management, namely, human motivation, which is a complex aspect regarding the management of organizations. Motivation is associated with money, compensation or salary as an essential element of the organizational culture. In this paper the salary is perceived through the lense of several motivation theories, such as: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s dual factor theory, Adams’ equity theory of motivation, Vroom’s expectancy theory, Alderfer’s ERG theory, McClelland’s acquired needs theory, Edwin Locke’s goal setting theory, Schein’s analysis of the behavioral sciences, Skinner’s reinforcement theory, Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory in order to highlight how money, salary or compensation can influence the employees’ performance. The salary can be perceived as a motivating factor and people represent the most important resource of the organization within the framework of the human resources management.
More...
This paper aims to analyze the impact of the industrial sector on climate change, identifying the main sources of emissions, their effects on the environment and the solutions available to reduce industrial pollution. Climate change is one of the biggest challenges, and the industrial sector is responsible for approximately 30-40% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The main sources of industrial emissions include the burning of fossil fuels for energy, chemical processes specific to certain industries (such as cement production and metallurgy), and inefficient waste management. In order to reduce the impact of the industrial sector on the environment, strategies for transitioning to a low-carbon economy are needed. These include the adoption of clean technologies, the use of renewable energy sources, increasing energy efficiency and the implementation of stricter regulatory policies, such as carbon taxes and emissions trading systems.
More...