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GLEMBAY'S UNSETTLING DESTINY

Author(s): Maria Lațchici / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 28/2022

Krleža is a Croatian dramatist, novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet. He has been chiefly concerned with the downfall of the Austro-Hungarian empire in his writings. A master stylist, Krleža has been compared with the great writers of Western Europe: Proust and Joyce. The volume of Krleža's writings is vast and impressive. He has written more than fifty volumes of prose and poetry, and among his plays, the best known are The Glembays, In Agony, and Leda, all published in 1929.

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Lovci a sběratelé. Čeští cestovatelé a praxe reprezentování lovu afrických zvířat v pozdním 19. století perspektivou animal studies

Author(s): Josef Řičář / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2023

The study deals with the issue of the representation of animal hunting in Czech travelogues concerning Sub Saharan Africa in the last decades of the 19th century. The topic is examined in the context of the "conquest" and colonization of African nature and its symbolic and material appropriation by Europeans. The emphasis is laid particularly on the hunting of animals for inclusion in 'exotic' natural history collections. Thorough attention is paid to Emil Holub's travelogues, the scope of which is incomparable to other similar texts. Holub was keenly aware of the significance of animal hunting, and the subject of African nature was crucial to him. Nevertheless, this topic has remained rather on the sidelines of scholarly interest. Using the concepts of interdisciplinary animal studies, this study explores the meanings that hunting African animals had in the context of contemporary discourses, primarily those of collecting, but also those of biology and especially evolutionary biology. Attention is also paid to the specific position of Czech travelers within colonial power relations. Through hunting, collecting and commodification of animals, they too were involved in the European colonial conquest of Africa.

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ABOUT THE TOPICALITY OF “ THE BADEN BADEN LESSON ON CONSENT” BY BERTOLT BRECHT

Author(s): Dana POP (LĂSCOIU-MARTIN) / Language(s): German Issue: 28/2022

In the present work, I will concentrate on the Lehrstück by Bertolt Brecht, emphasizing the Lehrstück Badener Lehrstück on consent. My work is mainly oriented towards the topicality of this work in terms of the subject matter and its adaptation in a pedagogical context, i.e. the practical use in a possible teaching sequence. Brecht composed “The Lessons” as short dramatic texts, which are always written with a reference to the music or to a possible musical representation on stage. It is not just the reading of the text that is relevant, but also the playful and critical examination of the text. As different as possible conditions for the representation of the teaching pieces on a stage are in the foreground, while the music has an additional function in the texts. So he proceeded experimentally with “The Lessons”, being guided by the question of the social position and the function of art-producing media.

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LUCIAN BLAGA - THE NON-METAPHYSICAL VOCATION OF THE BEGINNING

Author(s): Ciprian Claudiu Ciula / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 28/2022

Any metaphysics as an act of communication beyond the immediate, as a confession of an inspiration lived simultaneously in the field of rational knowledge and in the incomprehension that is intended to be uttered, transcends the state of ecstasy, in which the soul by a self-closure seeks to preserve the principle of Ideas. Objectification as a final act of comprehension - that what is received, written and rendered to the viewer for pre-tasting falls under the burden of comparisons.

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Two futures imagined in the post-socialist Yugosphere

Author(s): Lejla Vesković / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2022

The paper aims to present two proto-utopias active in the contemporary Yugosphere. It takes two novels as the representatives of those two juxtaposed narratives – Saša Ilić’s The Dog and the Double Bass and Peter Handke’s A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia. Hanke’s novel is being treated as a representative of a nationalist realist literary tradition codified by Dobrica Ćosić marked by self-victimization and self-balkanization, the concept of genocide, elements of camp literature, orientalization and demonizing of the Other, theories of neo-pagan conspiracy, belief in the historical mission to be “antemurale Christianitatis” but also a belief of having a mission to revive decadent Europe with barbarogenius spirit. As I agrue this tendency was strengthened by Emir Kusturica’s foreword to the novel, whereas in the very novel only orientalization and balkanization can be recognized. Ilić’s novel is treated as a representative of a socialist modernist tradition and the canon established by Krleža and especially Kiš. The common characteristics of the identified literary genre present in the novel are the revaluation of nationalist canon, criticism of the wartime past, struggle to overcome traumas of the wartime past, imposing question of guilt and responsibility for the bloody dissolution of the former Yugoslavia, advocating secular and cultural tradition of socialist enlightenment but also revaluation of the totalitarian practices of the former socialist regime, the evident influence of western popular culture, the reverberation of the former so-called “non-alignment policy” and also criticism of the class divided and profit-driven predominantly western system of values. Two mentioned homogenized narratives currently take turns in overtaking public imagination. Future will show which future will prevail.

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The future seen from the edge of society: contemporary Russophone communist sci-fi

Author(s): Anastasia Mitrofanova / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2022

Analysing contemporary Russophone communist science fiction, this article aims to find out how this literary stream envisions the transition to the communist socio-economic formation. Communist sci-fi assumes that scientific and technological progress will inevitably be accompanied by progress in social relations and morals. The author’s position is that its closest analogy is not Soviet science fiction, but the literature of socialist realism. Contrary to the classical Marxist position that the progressive development of the human personality results from the progressive development of productive forces communist sci-fi envisions making a new person more like a miraculous transfiguration under the impact of the forces beyond human imagination and control. The author concludes that this literature implicitly states that the new people precede communist society. The research methodology consists of the critical analysis of texts produced by communist sci-fi writers that are seen in the broader context of Soviet literature of the 20th century.

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Literární antisemitismus a konstrukce image židovského národa v meziválečných románech širšího Ostravska Imagologická česko-německá studie

Author(s): Lukáš Pěchula / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2019

This analysis examines the construction of Jewish heteroimages and the impact of antisemitism on their construction in novels written between the two World Wars in the broader Moravian-Silesian region. It is a comparative study that explores Jewish ethnotypes employed in selected works by German and Czech authors of the period. The primary aim of the study is to discern images, to decode their structure, to analyze their functions in the text, and to examine the impact of antisemitism. The geographic focus is on the broader Moravian-Silesian region, which attracted Jewish immigration, and especially Ostrava, a multicultural city where people of Polish, Czech, German and Jewish nationalities lived side by side. It is precisely these specifics of the researched region, together with the interwar time focus of the work, that form an attractive basis for research.

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LENKA ŘEZNÍKOVÁ, Ad majorem evidentiam. Literární reprezentace zřejmého v textech J. A. Komenského

Author(s): Radmila Prchal Pavlíčková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2019

Review of: LENKA ŘEZNÍKOVÁ, Ad majorem evidentiam. Literární reprezentace zřejmého v textech J. A. Komenského, Praha 2018, Filosofia (Studie a prameny k deˇjinám myšlení v českých zemích 18), 258 s., ISBN 978-80-7007-556-2.

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The narrativism quarrel revisited: can inquiry revive narrative?

Author(s): Josef Řídký / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2019

This paper investigates the narrativist debate on the nature of history and presents a review of some of its most significant contributors through the prism of concepts of ‘narration’ and ‘inquiry’. Since the main issue on which narrativist theoreticians and defenders of the historians’ craft disagree is their view on whether language is the source or merely a tool of history, this text investigates the role and importance the two parties ascribe to the layers of critical inquiry and narration. The paper focuses mainly on the writings of Hayden White and Paul Ricoeur, while also briefly commenting on the crucial theoretical works of Franklin Ankersmit, Hans Kellner, Philippe Carrard, and Ivan Jablonka. While White is often considered to be the main proponent of narrativists, it turns out that his approach to the subject was more nuanced than often thought and that it evolved over time. Paul Ricoeur, on the other hand, tends to view inquiry as a sort of poetic act and narration as an essential part of historical understanding.

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MARTINA POWER, Hory a moře mezi „námi“. Vnímání hranic a prostoru v německé a britské cestopisné literatuře o Čechách a Irsku v letech 1750–1850

Author(s): Lenka Řezníková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2017

Review of. MARTINA POWER, Hory a moře mezi „námi“. Vnímání hranic a prostoru v německé a britské cestopisné literatuře o Čechách a Irsku v letech 1750–1850, Praha 2015, Karolinum, 394 s., ISBN 978-80-246-2260-6.

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JITKA LUDVOVÁ a kol., Fidlovačka aneb Cokoli chcete, Praha 2014, Institut umění – Divadelní ústav

Author(s): Lenka Řezníková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2016

Review of: JITKA LUDVOVÁ a kol., Fidlovačka aneb Cokoli chcete, Praha 2014, Institut umění – Divadelní ústav, 312 s. ISBN 978-80-7008-330-7

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JIŘÍ HANUŠ a kol., „Služebníci neužiteční“. Kněžská identita v českých zemích ve 20. století

Author(s): Vojtěch Tomášek / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2016

Review of: JIŘÍ HANUŠ a kol., „Služebníci neužiteční“. Kněžská identita v českých zemích ve 20. století, Brno 2015, Centrum pro studium demokracie a kultury, 300 s., ISBN 978-80-7325-378-3

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THE TRANSFIGURATION OF ETHNOFOLKLORIC CONSTITUENTS INTO THE CREATION OF THE WRITER SPIRIDON VANGHELI (90 YEARS SINCE BIRTH)

Author(s): Mariana Cocieru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 29/2022

In this article the author identified and researched the functionality of intertextualized ethno-folkloric constituents in the structure of the prose of the Romanian Bessarabian writer Spiridon Vangheli during the years 1960-1980 and assessed the level of assimilation, sublimation, individual aesthetic transfiguration of motifs, symbols and images from mythic-folk creation popular in the prose writer's artworks. The investigation naturally starts from the experience of collecting, editing and researching folklore fruitfully demonstrated by the writer in several specialized works. From the multitude of ethno- folkloric constituents, the atmosphere of ballads, fairy tales and legends mainly attracted Spiridon Vangheli. By cultivating prose for children, he also capitalizes on the constituents of this spiritual field destined and created by children. The dimensions of Spiridon Vangheli's folklorism are highlighted by the creative easiness of the personalizing element, not assimilated by the folkloric one, and the individual reconsideration of some ethno-folkloric constituents depending on his ethical and spiritual predilections, on the proportions and the level of interference with folklore, on the valued species, on his literary orientations.

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KEY QUESTIONS FOR THE SELF: E. B. WHITE: THE SECOND TREE FROM THE CORNER

Author(s): Bianca-Maria Bucur (Tincu) / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2022

Some of the main questions concerning the human mind repeatedly throughout life are the following: Who are you? What do you want? What is your purpose on earth? Explicit or unique answers to those queries do not exist, but there are many literary works that challenge such topics. One of these is the modernist short story The second tree from the corner written by Elwyn Brooks White. The story offers a very realistic perspective on those questions and it can be considered a source of further meditation for all its readers. The conventional, expected behaviour considered or present in the human consciousness under the concept of ‘normal’ is revealed as being as uncertain as that understood as ‘sick’. The aim of the analysis is to refer to those elements in relation to the main literary devices used by the author: characterization, plot, setting, foreshadowing, conflict. The dimensions of personality are explored in an unexpected, new light. Additionally, towards the end of the study, a possible reader-response perspective yields significant details, considering the theory associated with the work of Louise Rosenblatt.

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I.D. SÎRBU-SURVIVING ROMANIAN COMMUNIST DETENTION

Author(s): Carmen-Ancuța Morari / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 29/2022

The drastic regime of prisons, camps, forms of detention as such hunger, cold, fear, death or survival have become the subject of numerous historical, political, sociological studies, but also of memoirs, diaries and autobiographies that have demystified the communist project. I.D.Sîrbu became a victim of the proletariat dictatorship for seven years and he served his sentences in Jilava and Gherla prisons, in Periprava, Grindu and Salcia labor camps. He will never regret this experience because for the man who „did not lose his lampˮ in prison, detention was a test through which he gained self-control over his own being.

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SYNTACTIC LEVEL IN THE POETRY OF ȘTEFAN AUGUSTIN DOINAȘ

Author(s): Andreea Emanuela Vîlcescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 29/2022

The present study aims to highlight certain relevant aspects of syntactic order, encountered throughout the poems of Ștefan Augustin Doinaș. The main purpose of these aspects is to make the work understood as well as possible, by discussing in detail and explaining some issues that generate artistic complexity. Understanding syntactic aspects will make the reader understand why the lyrical self proposes several variants of the same word level and it shows the functionality of some words following some combinations of stylistic nature.

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MORPHOLOGICAL LEVEL IN THE POETIC WORK OF ȘTEFAN AUGUSTIN DOINAȘ

Author(s): Andreea Emanuela Vîlcescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 29/2022

The present study aims to highlight certain relevant aspects of morphological order, encountered throughout the poems of Ștefan Augustin Doinaș. The main purpose of these aspects is to make the work understood as well as possible, by discussing in detail and explaining some issues that generate artistic complexity. Understanding morphological aspects will make the reader understand why the lyrical self proposes several variants of the same word level and it shows the functionality of some words following some combinations of stylistic nature.

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AN INTERDISDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO TIME’S ARROW BY MARTIN AMIS AND DEVILISH PLAN BY RODICA OJOG-BRAȘOVEAN VIA GEORGE KELLY’S PERSONAL CONSTRUCT THEORY

Author(s): Clementina Alexandra Mihăilescu,Stela Pleșa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 30/2022

The paper expands upon a parallel interdisciplinary approach to Martin Amis’ Time’s Arrow and Rodica Ojog-Brașoveanu’s Devilish Plan via George Kelly’s Personal Construct Theory with a view to showing how, through the innovative postmodern techniques of fast rewind, on the one hand, and irony, stream of consciousness, inner monologue, reverse chronology, on the other, the two novelists have imaginatively recreated and refreshed the old topic related to the atrocities from the concentration camps in order to teach their contemporary readers a moral lesson.

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SYMBOLIC AND MYTHOLOGICAL DISCOURSE IN FIVE POPULAR TEXTS FROM BUCOVINA

Author(s): Sergiu Crăciun / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 30/2022

In the present study-article, we aim to highlight a series of defining and thematic aspects, from a symbolic and mythological perspective, at the level of five popular epic texts, from the Bucovinean literary folklore. In this regard, through the analysis of the collected popular stories, we want to briefly represent and develop peculiarities of the epic popular discourse and especially, the presence of characters and mito-symbolic valences, as part of the local and national literary folklore. The corpus of popular epic texts, collected by famous folklorists such as: Ludwig Adolf Staufe, I.. G.. Sbiera, Leca Morariu, Ion Dominte and Mihai Lupescu include an impressive number of stories, as an integral part of the popular literature of Bucovina, from the 19th and 20th centuries, ethnographic activity carried out by other representatives of the popular culture in the region, of the era, which preceded and succeeded them.

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LET᾽ S LAUGH WITH CARAGIALE. SCIENTIFIC STUDY

Author(s): Dorina Nela Trifu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 30/2022

The paper „Let`s laugh with Caragiale” represents a stylistic analysis of I.L. Caragiale`s speech from the act III scene I, from the comedy entitled „One lost letter” written by the author. In this study we intend to analyze the fragment from a stylistic point of view, considering also the phonetical, morphological, lexical, syntactical and stylistical levels. This analysis aims to present particularities of language and style which are making the flavor to the work of the great dramatist. Farfuridi`s speech is totally incoherent. Given that the play was written in another literary era, it is normal that the language used to be somehow different from the norms of current Romanian language. In the typology of Pompiliu Constantinescu, Farfuridi represents the type of politician and demagogue. The spelling used in the text is the one used by the writers from the XIX century. His lexicon has expressive, unique words. Language individualizes the character and betrays his inculture. Frafuridi's communication with the public fails due to the lack of connection between words. If we consider the grammar and semantics of the text, Caragiale's work no longer communicates anything directly, but only indirectly the absurdity of the character and of the ridiculous situation that he himself creates can be detached. The text is a sample of the style of the writer, who is not afraid to discredit, using subtle, indirect procedures, capturing the ridiculousness of the character in the middle of public and political life. Farfuridi turns out to be the stupid bastard and the type of uneducated politician. Caragiale's style is characterized by freshness and variety. The language of Caragiale's comedies is unique with each character who appears on stage.

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