"Az Istennek könyve közönséges nyelven". Tanulmányok a bibliafordításról

Author(s): István Lanstyák / Language(s): Hungarian

This monograph is one of the results of more than twenty years of research, especially in the field of translation studies (traductology), but also partly in the field of language problem management and problem management in general, which gives this work an interdisciplinary character. The individual chapters of the monograph are based primarily on research that has taken place in the last eight years (since 2013), in which the author addressed both theoretical issues of translation of the New Testament and empirical research, the source of which was older and newer translations of the New Testament into Hungarian language and their revisions. In one of the chapters, the author also used the results of his research in the field of language problem management and problem management in general. The main theoretical goal of the author's research was and is to contribute to the application of the relevance theory developed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson in the 1980s to the translation of the Bible into Hungarian, but also to revisions of existing translations. An important aspect of this research is considering the problems of translation (more precisely the problems of the translation process, but also those of the perception of translation) as a management of language problems, based on the language management theory developed in the 1970s and 1980s by Jiří Neustupný and Björn Jernudd. The most important practical goal of the research was and is to provide technical assistance to translators and other professionals involved in the revision of older translations (especially, but not exclusively) of the Bible through the analysis of the management process or various translation solutions, and also to help ensure that newer translations, as well as revisions of older ones, are detached from traditional approaches based on either the so-called formal, or the so-called dynamic (functional) equivalence and approach the translations or revisions from the perspective of the relevance theory, using also relevant knowledge from the field of language problem management and various theories of problem management. The monograph consists of four thematic blocks. In the first, the author synthesizes his research in the field of language problem management and applies it to translation in general, with special regard to translation of the Bible. The second block is devoted to various translation issues of a theoretical nature. In the third block, the author deals with the most important and most recognized translation of the Bible into Hungarian, the translation of Gáspár Károli from 1590 and its subsequent revisions until the most recent one, which was published in 2011. The last thematic block deals with the issue of different types of translations of the Bible into Hungarian intended for different groups of readers, as well as with strategies for achieving diversity in the process of revising existing translations. The monograph also contains a preface, a bibliography and other references. The target audience of the monograph is both translation experts––traductologists and translators (not only of the Bible), as well as other experts who participate in the revision of existing translations. In addition, the monograph can also serve as additional teaching material for students of bachelor's, master's and doctoral translation studies. As the monograph combines a theoretical approach and practical issues in language problem management that occur in the translation process and the perception of translation, it can contribute to the improvement of new translations and revisions of the Bible into the Hungarian language.

"C’est la faute à Voltaire". Encyclopédie et interprétation de conférence

Author(s): Laura Răşanu Maxim / Language(s): French / Issue: 5/2016

This paper is about learning to interpret, more precisely about cultural references, from the perspective of trainee or beginners interpreters. We pointed out that an interpreter never translates using only language knowledge (he must be able to understand the implicit). The main section of this study provides examples of interpretation errors pertaining to the extra-linguistic, encyclopedic knowledge, by reference field (medicine, geography, history, literature, film, politics, current events, society, food, chemistry). We have shown that the interpreter has to enrich the extra-linguistic background, in order to understand the source text more easily and accurately.

"FIRE" AS THE "LOGO" OF THE ARTISTIC WORLDS

Author(s): Natalja Dyorina,Yuliya Yuzhakova,Liliya Polyakova,Tatyana Zalavina / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Fire as the ‘Logo’ of Artistic Worlds. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the image of fire created by two representatives, one of the Acmeist and the other of the Romantic school of poetry, N. Gumilev and S.T. Coleridge, revealing similarities and differences between their approaches. The obvious parallelism of the poets’ works is demonstrated, with particular attention paid to the fact that specific fire-related images were emphasised by Gumilev in his translation of Coleridge’s works. The attributes of the artistic universes of the Russian and of the English poet are shown: the continuity and constant interaction of their elements, the identity of the properties of the whole and of its various parts in each case.

"Hammer Tarihi"nin Türkçeye Çeviri Teşebbüsleri ve Çevirisi Üzerine

Author(s): Tuğba İsmailoğlu Kacır / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

This article reviews the writing and translating processes of famous book "History of the Ottoman Empire" of Austrian Baron Joseph Hammer-Purgstall, who is one of the most important orientalists in the German speaking area. Although this work had been translated immediately after the publication into several European languages, since the 1830s, could only be translated into Turkish just in part in the early 20th century. Even though the process of the translation of "Hammer History" into Turkish language targeted at the period of Sultan Mahmud II., the first serious translation was published between the years of 1911-18 by Mehmed Ata. Ata’s translation serve as a basis for all following translations. However, while Ata had translated the book instead of German language, through its French translation and all subsequent translations followed the same path, the turkish "Hammer History" has significant differences according to the original work. Whereas through translation to translate is already problematic, huge destructions and falsifications due to French translator Hellert’s disloyalty to Hammer’s book has been transferred to Turkish. In Turkey this unfortunate misguidance is caused to misidentification of "Hammer History" and attribution of Hellert’s personal additions and interventions to Hammer. In this article has been stated the writing and translating processes of Hammer-Purgstall’s "History of the Ottoman Empire" and the problems of translations with the help of Hammers personal memory, which is in the Archive of Austrian Academy of Sciences, the documents of Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, Hammer’s works and different translations of "History of the Ottoman Empire" and also secondary literature.

"Kłótnia" i "kłótliwość" na tle stereotypów zawodowych i zwierzęcych w języku polskim i rosyjskim

Author(s): Michał Sarnowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: V/2000

"Kompetencje tłumacza. Tom dedykowany Profesor dr hab. Elżbiecie Tabakowskiej" pod red. M. Piotrowskiej, A. Czesaka, A. Gomoli i S. Tyupy Kraków 2012, ss. 420

Author(s): Beata Piecychna / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 14/2014

"LE DÉCAMÉRON". CENT NOUVELLES – UN CHIFFRE RITUEL

Author(s): Ioana Nicoleta Silvia / Language(s): French / Issue: 2/2020

The Decameron represents the maximum of realism in literary art through which Bocaccio laid the foundations of a literary prose and a language used in the following centuries by successive writers. The subjects can be considered of French inspiration, but the action is located in Florence, the cradle of the Italian language but also literature. It is well received in France and its translation inspired Marguerite de Navarre in the later creation of the masterpiece Heptaméron. It is impressive the perfection of Decameron's architecture - 10 young people, 10days, 10 short stories, 10 themes, but also the force with which the author creates situations that react to the darkness of the Middle Ages, freeing the consciousness from the prejudices, counteracting hypocrisy, the false authors of miracles and laying the foundations of a new epoch: The Renaissance.

"Quo vadis" all’italiana: investigazione stilometrica sulle traduzioni milanesi del bestseller di Henryk Sienkiewicz

Author(s): Jan Rybicki,Katarzyna Biernacka-Licznar / Language(s): Italian / Issue: 1/2020

Henryk Sienkiewicz’s novel "Quo Vadis" made its way into Italy at the end of the 19 th century through the efforts of Neapolitan translator Federigo Verdinois. The first part of this paper outlines the history of the popularity of "Quo Vadis" by focusing on the operations of Milanese publishers that made the Polish novel part of their offer in a variety of ways (as translations, adaptations, reworkings, plagiarisms, etc.). Bibliometric methods are used to establish why so many publishing houses decided to publish Henryk Sienkiewicz’s Roman romance. The analysis of the bibliometric data of the published translations helped assess and describe the extent and the character of the popularity that the novel garnered among Milanese publishers. The second part of the paper relates the findings of a multi-method quantitative study of the same material. The number of word tokens was compared between the original and the translations. The lexical richness across the texts under study was compared by means of the moving average type-token ratio (MATTR). Sentence lengths were also compared, as was sentence length distribution as time series. Two different programmes ("WCopyFind and Tracer") yielded very similar results on the degree of the similarity of five-word phrases in pairs of translations, which was determined in network analysis.

"Rapacious or Greedy for Money?"

Author(s): Elizabeta Lindner / Language(s): English / Issue: 59/2008

Or: On the Issues of Translating Poetry from Macedonian to German

"Ruhe sanft, kleine Aster!" Überlegungen zur Äquivalenzproblematik bei der literarischen Übersetzung von Blumennamen am Beispiel einiger Gedichte von Gottfried Benn, Georg Trakl und Stefan George

Author(s): Andreea Ghiță / Language(s): German / Issue: 21/2021

Die Verfasserin setzt sich anhand ausgewählter deutscher Gedichte von Gottfried Benn, Georg Trakl und Stefan George mit der Äquivalenzproblematik bei der Übertragung von Blumennamen (Aster) in die rumänische Sprache auseinander. Dabei werden translatorische Schwierigkeiten und Strategien zu deren Lösung aus komparatistischer Sicht analysiert und gegebenenfalls mögliche Übersetzungsvarianten herausgearbeitet.

"Skazani na ciężkie norwidy”? Kilka uwag o kulturowych aspektach przekładu poezji Wisławy Szymborskiej na język norweski

Author(s): Aleksandra Wilkus-Wyrwa / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2019

The aim of this paper is to discuss selected cultural keywords in the Norwegian translation of Wisława Szymborska’s (1923–2012) poetry. Translators O.M. Selberg and Ch. Kjelstrup used multiple approaches, thanks to which Norwegian readers have a chance to get acquainted with typical Polish phenomena, although often at an expense of the original text. Since the kind of publishing itself – an anthology of translated poetry – indicates the place of Szymborska’s work in the foreign discourse, her published works in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, along with her reception in Norwegian discourse as a Nobel Prize winner, are discussed here as well.

"SLIGHTLY LESS" OR "SLIGHTLY MORE" HOMO/EROTIC CAVAFY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATIONS OF CAVAFY’S SENSUAL POEMS

Author(s): Mustafa Zeki Çıraklı,Florentina Gumus / Language(s): English / Issue: XII/2019

The present study explores the translated versions of Cavafy’s three sensual poems in English and Turkish and, from a linguistic point of view, investigates to what extent the strategies of domestication and foreignization are employed by the translators. The linguistic elements were investigated by using Katharina Reiss’s model of translation criticism with reference to the original versions in Greek. The translated versions taken into consideration are the following: Keeley and Philip ([1975] 1992), Dalven (1976), Millas and İnce ([1990] 2016), and Çokona (2013). Three sensual poems whose translation is challenging due to their homoerotic character were selected for the present analysis, namely: En apognosei (English: In Despair), Dyo neoi, 23 eôs 24 etôn (English: Two young men, 23 to 24 years old) and Oraia loyloydia ki aspra os tairiazan poly (English: Beautiful flowers and white as they suited well). The analysis shows that the English translators made fewer changes to the Greek poems than the Turkish translators, who frequently adopted the strategy of domestication.

"Snow White" Gets Black Hair and Brown Eyes – on Censorship in the Translation of English Children’s Literature into Arabic

Author(s): Paulina Biały / Language(s): English / Issue: 10/2014

Children’s literature is subject to different kinds of censorship which aims at adapting foreign texts in some way to fit certain ideology. Censorship in the Arab world involves the process of domestication of culturally-marked expressions, as, in the opinion of Arab scholars, young readers are threatened by a cultural invasion from the West that prevents the spread of local children’s literature. In this case, censorship is a means to preserve Arab cultural identity and moralizing role assigned to children’s literature. This article is aimed at presenting the major features of Arabic children’s literature as well as constraints which the censorship imposes on translators and the consequences of such restrictions. Moreover, some examples of censorship in the translation of English children’s literature into Arabic are provided on the basis of the research conducted by Arab scholars. They compared original English versions with their Arabic adaptations. The results show that the censorship is still a powerful means of influencing children’s books.

"TRANSLATIO STUDII" U POETICI SREDNJOVJEKOVNOG ANTIČKOG ROMANA

Author(s): Dijana Kapetanović-Ljubas / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 1/2017

This paper examines the literary motif of the political power transfer (translatio imperii), with a particular emphasis on the East-to-West transfer of civilizational achievements and culture (translatio studii) of the antique period within the context of the medieval French monarchy. Namely, the transfer of the entire sum of knowledge and cultural progress of the classical antiquities is present as a dynamic motif in theϐirst Old French romances. Formally more diverse and thematically richer than their predecessor, the epic poem The Romance of Troy, the Romance of Eneas and the Romance of Thebes, alongside the Romance of Alexander,are a triad of romances of antiquity composed on the threshold of the12th century in the territory of medieval France. As translations/adaptations of ancient masterpieces, these romances are analysed as upholding the tradition and classical authorities .Additionally, the paper discusses how the authors, by making references to antique authorities, confirm the new aesthetic value and truthfulness of their own (fictional) work. Furthermore, particular attention is paid to the motifs of topos and transfer present in the romances’ prologues which are the places of metaliterary and rudimentary theoretic contemplations about the author/translator and writing itself.

"Евгений Онегин" Пушкина по-польски и по-украински

Author(s): Leontij Mironiuk / Language(s): Russian / Issue: III/1998

"Женитьба" Н. В. Гоголя на болгарской сцене

Author(s): Tatiana Fed / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2019

The article traces a range of performances staging Gogol’s play Marriage in Bulgaria with a special emphasis on the respective translations into Bulgarian. The theory features translation and adaptation mechanisms specifically applied to cultural realia. The staging in the Sofia Theatre is highlighted. The methodology applied belongs to the framework of cross-cultural communication studies and employs cultural-historic and reception approaches.

"Избави ме од нечистоте дела мојих..."

Author(s): Vesna O. Marković / Language(s): Greek, Ancient (to 1453),Serbian / Issue: 1/2019

Romanos the Melodist, the greatest poet of Eastern Church, inspired by metric forms of Syrian spiritual literature created the most perfect Byzantine poetic genre – a Kontakion. This is a highly complex literary form which belongs to tonal and syllabic versification, with a distinctive metric scheme. A Kontakion is characterized by vivid description of biblical events, with plenty of extremely dramatized situations and well-developed monologues and dialogues. The parts which depict human character, passions and suffering are particularly impressive. However, the implications and messages of a Kontakion are not dark, but optimistic, owing to the fact that they are oriented towards human salvation through faith in Jesus Christ, repentance and hope for forgiveness. Romanos the Melodist’s hymns possess deep inner duality and apart from inspiring and motivating, they clarify, interpret and teach. As a knowledgeable and skillful interpreter of Holy Scripture, he gives an excellent exegesis through his heroes’ lines. The translated and analyzed Kontakion in this writing is one of the most successful and poetic Roman’s Kontakia. It is a masterpiece in respect of perfect metric units with a refrain and regular rhyme.

"Немско-българския речник" на Гео Милев

Author(s): Diana Stancheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2015

This article is a first attempt at a more detailed presentation of Geo Milev’s German-Bulgarian Dictionary manuscript completed in 1916, as well as of its printed edition from 1940, revised by Dimitar Stoevski and published by Ivan Koyumdzhiev. A comparison between the manuscript and the print edition shows significant differences in the way in which the lexicographical informationis organized, in the macro- and microstructure of the dictionary, in the translation of German words as well as in the listed collocations and phraseological units. This paper is a modest contribution to the historical study of German –Bulgarian bilingual lexicography.

(En)Jeux esthétiques de la traduction. Éthique(s) et pratiques traductionnelles

Author(s): / Language(s): French

The aesthetics, ethics and practices of translation have long formed subjects of research and reflection of varying visibility depending on the translation school, era and ideology. This fact is still relevant nowadays, even if it is true that for some time a process of de-atomization can be noticed in the translation studies field. At the initiative of the ISTTRAROM-Translationes research group, the colloquium held on March 26th and 27th 2010, at the West University of Timisoara (Romania) proposed to consider this theme under multiple aspects and look at the progress and achievements in translation studies research. The objective was threefold: to draw up an assessment of the various theories which for a long time constituted the basis of translational (aesthetic and / or ethical) approaches, to examine many aspects related to the aesthetics of translation, to relaunch the debate on the fundamental rights and duties of both literary and specialized translator.

(Ideal) Translation in Context

-

Author(s): Aba-Carina Pârlog / Language(s): English / Issue: 03/2010

Prennant en considération la perspective d’Eugen Coseriusur la traduction idéale, la communication envisage une analyse du lien traduction idéale - contexte. La traduction (idéale) en contexte suppose l'absence des erreurs, la possibilité d’améliorer la traduction, l’existence d’une équivalence parfaite, le maintien des fonctions du langage, l’applicabilité générale, l'absence des différences linguistiques et culturelles, etc. La traduction, de même que le langage parlé, dépend du contexte. Parmi les éléments qui définissent celui-ci, on peut analyser : le domaine auquel le texte appartient, la situation historique et politique, les systèmes linguistiques de la langue source et de la langue cible, le spécifique culturel, etc. Outre le contexte, le processus de la traduction est aussi défini par d’autres aspects essentiels, tels : la grammaire, les implications lexicales et sémantiques, le registre de langue, le style de l’auteur, etc.