Reinforcement of the team of the EUSR for Moldova

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2005

On 20 September 2005 the Political and Security Committee (PSC) reiterated its endorsement of the tasks of an EU Border Mission, as outlined in the Joint Council Secretariat/Commission Fact Finding Mission to Moldova and Ukraine concerning an EU Border Mission for Moldova - Ukraine and welcomed the agreement reached between the Council Secretariat and the Commission on the basic principles for the organisation of such a mission, as the agreed basis for taking forward this work. In this context, the PSC agreed on the need to reinforce the team of the European Union Special Representative (EUSR) for Moldova, with four advisors to be located in Kiev, Odessa and Chisinau.

EUROSCEPTICISM AS A RESPONSE TO EU POLICIES: PERSPECTIVES AFTER 2014

Author(s): Lavinia-Ioana Opriș / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2015

By virtue of its many definitions, Euroscepticism has become an extremely broad concept encompassing a staggering variety of meanings. It is our contention that, while the temptation to classify the EU-Euroscepticism link along the lines of simplistic dualities such as friend and foe, good and bad is indeed justifiable, the reality is far more nuanced and intriguing

System euroatlantycki w wielobiegunowym świecie. Próba prognozy, pod redakcją Józefa M. Fiszera

Author(s): Eliza Bujnowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 38/2015

System euroatlantycki w wielobiegunowym świecie. Próba prognozy, (ed.) Józef M. Fiszer, Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, Warszawa 2014, 172 pages.

Opting out of the European Union: Diplomacy, Sovereignty and European Integration

Author(s): Marsha M. Hall / Language(s): English Issue: 43/2015

AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NİN AVRUPA İNSAN HAKLARI SÖZLEŞMESİ’NE KATILIMININ İNSAN HAKLARI YARGISINA ETKİLERİ

Author(s): Ayşe Özkan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 43/2015

Avrupa Birliği’nin örgüt olarak Avrupa İnsan Hakları Konvansiyonu’na taraf olması yıllardan beri tartışma konusu olmuştur. Tartışmaların odağında devletlerin katılımına açık olan Avrupa İnsan Hakları Konvansiyonu’nun örgütlerin katılımına müsait olmaması hususu yer almıştır. Lizbon Antlaşması’nın yürürlüğe girmesi ve 14. Protokol’ün kabulüyle birlikte mevzuattan kaynaklanan temel tıkanıklığın aşıldığı değerlendirilmektedir. Ancak Avrupa Birliği vatandaşları için bireysel başvuru mekanizmasının bürüneceği biçim ve uygulanacak usullerle, Adalet Divanı içtihatlarında otonom mahiyette kabul edilen Birlik hukukunun katılım sonrası uğrayacağı değişime ilişkin temel birtakım sorunlar çözüm beklemeye devam etmektedir. Birliğin üye devletler için bağlayıcı olan Konvansiyona taraf olmasıyla birlikte örgüt olarak Konvansiyon hükümleriyle bağlı hale gelmesini destekleyen görüşler ağırlık kazanmıştır. Bununla birlikte katılım antlaşmasının uygulanması aşamasında doğacak çok sayıda teknik soruna ilişkin çözümler üzerinde uzlaşma sağlanamamıştır. Çalışmamızda Birliğin ve Avrupa Konseyi’nin katılım sürecinde karşı karşıya kalacağı teknik sorunlar ve bunların muhtemel çözümleri üzerine değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. The accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights has been deliberated for an extended period of time. Discussions on the topic have largely focused on the fact that the European Convention was not open to the accession of international organisations, but only to state parties. However, with the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty and Protocol 14 to the European Convention, the main obstacles to accession have been removed. Nonetheless, there still remain fundamental questions surrounding the protection of individual rights in the Strasbourg Court as well as the autonomy of European Union law. There are very good arguments in favour of accession because if realized the European Union would thus be subjected to external control by the European Court of Human Rights as is already the case for its Member States. On the other hand, many technical problems related to the accession still need to be addressed. In fact, the unresolved status of these issues constitute the primary reason why an agreed solution has yet to be reached. With these complexities in mind, this study seeks to probe the outstanding questions and problems related to the accession process while also posing possible solutions that both the European Union and the Council of Europe could agree on.

WHY SHOULD TURKEY REVISIT THE CUSTOMS UNION WITH THE EU?

Author(s): Mustafa Kutlay / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2013

ATTITUDE-CUT: TURKS’ GROWING EUROSKEPTICISM AND DECLINING EU-SOFT-POWER

Author(s): Giray Sadık / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2013

Spółdzielnia europejska w aspekcie swobody działalności gospodarczej na terenie UE

Author(s): Leszek Michalczyk / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 1 (73)/2015

In this article, we analyze legislation on the formation and functioning of the European Cooperative Society as a pan-European cooperative structure. The adopted paradigm as that of economic freedom, which is deemed one of the EU’s key objectives and consists in shaping economic relations in member states and across the entire European Union. The legal status is considered as at September 30th 2014.

About Security, Democratic Consolidation and Good Governance. Romania within European Context

Author(s): George Poede / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

More than a decade has passed since the tragic events that took place in America in the dramatic day of September 9th 2001. For the first time since the end of the second World War, the United States were being attacked on their own territory, without prior notice, by a non-state military force which was globally organised, for religious and ideological reasons. The terrorist attacks planned and executed by the terrorist organisation Al-Qaeda on American military and civilian targets have reconfigured the international security environment. The author remarks that the security of the European continent is inextricably linked to what happens outside its external borders. Transnational organized crime, illegal human trafficking, illegal migration, traffic of drug, weapons, ammunition and portable vectors, the proliferation of illegal trade of radioactive and other "sensible" technologies, the expansion of terrorist networks – they all represent threats to the Eastern border of Romania and concern the security of the EU Eastern neighbourhood.

THE EU’S NEIGHBOURHOOD TRADE ARRANGEMENTS

Author(s): Ludmila Borta / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

The elusive outcome of the Doha Round has increased the importance of the preferential trade agreements worldwide. Currently, the EU`s trade policy is driven by preferential negotiations. European bilateralism is important and extremely challenging. This union aims to conclude a significant number of deep and comprehensive free trade agreements, particularly by eliminating tariffs, and also by facilitating the trade of services, investments, procurement and regulatory matters. The EU has granted unilateral preferences to developing countries through tariff free access to the EU market, thereby helping them to eradicate poverty and promote sustainable development. Based on the primary motives of Europe’s preferential trade agreements, we have analysed the trade agreements negotiated with geographically close neighbours to which the EU is prepared to offer commercial accession or some slightly less ambitious type of relationship.

Europos Sąjungos parama gerinant valdymo sistemų kokybę administracinėse institucijose Lenkijoje

Author(s): Urszula Kobylińska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

In many countries of Europe and the world, in the past several years, management in the public sector has been radically changed. The experience of the administration of each country shows that organizations in this area have a significant impact on the economies, taking over increasingly more responsibilities in solving many complex socio-economic problems. In order for the task of public entities to be effectively executed and correspond to social expectations, it becomes necessary to implement structures of management tools, in particularly, quality standards. Implementation of practical solutions in the field of quality management results in the establishment of corporate standards, more efficient use of resources and greater citizen satisfaction with the work of public institutions.Quality management systems have become the standard in public administration offices in Poland. The most common tool in this area is ISO 9001. Some offices choose to improve the quality of services with the use of the CAF self-assessment. Many authorities improve their services by utilising project financing from the European Union funds. This paper analyzes the effectiveness, relevance and sustainability of the implementation of quality management tools in local government units in Poland.

Correcting an Error of Historic Magnitude

Author(s): Gerald Frost / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

Edited version of the article published in the Sidney journal Quandary, April 2016. Is Brexit, the issue on which the British public will shortly vote in a referendum the doomed dream of those who wish to restore British national sovereignty? Or is it the nation’s political destiny? At the time of writing, online polling suggests roughly equal support for the Leave and Remain campaigns, while telephone surveys – which proved to a be more accurate guide to Britain’s 2015 general election outcome than their online counterparts – point to the probability of a vote to remain. Both indicate that with three months to go before the referendum on 23 June many voters still have not reached a firm decision.

EUROPEAN FEDERATION AS A SYSTEMIC RESPONSE TO THE CRISIS OF LEADERSHIP IN EUROPE?

Author(s): Marcin Ociepa / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The idea of European federation keeps recurring in politicians’ and intellectuals’ discourses on the future of the European Union. The logic of global rivalry of “large territories” favors this in particular, as it somehow forces Europe’s states to enter into a tighter integration if they want to realize their politics. The biggest challenge which the Union faces is the problem of leadership, understood both in the context of internal policy and relationally towards the surrounding. The problem, however, is the diversity of the member states and the unrelenting tension between particular concern about a national interest and European universalism. European federation sensu stricto, just because of this diversity has still been a utopian project. The future of the European Union most probably lies in a new intermediate model, as unique as the European Commonwealths used to be in the 1950s.

The Determinants of Party Consensus on European Integration in Montenegro

Author(s): Ivan Vuković / Language(s): English Issue: 04+05/2015

This article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the process of political competition during the European integration process in Montenegro. While unanimously endorsing the process of its EU accession, political parties in the country are at odds with each other regarding almost all other issues of substantial importance for its past and future, including Montenegro’s state independence. This article intends to show what is in the European Union that brings divided Montenegrin political parties together, and asks if it is the EU at all? The article argues that because of the late political transition resulting from the process of dissolution of the former Yugoslavia, the main determinants of party contestation on EU integration in Montenegro differ from those in most Western and East/Central European countries. The article demonstrates that neither the ideological profile of Montenegrin political parties nor the EU’s leverage on the country’s political elite during the transition period can serve as adequate explanations of this process. Instead, it posits that embracing the pro-EU stance was the easiest and arguably the most effective way for the parties under observation to establish some discontinuity with their Milošević- era shady political past, providing them with a new source of the previously lost political legitimacy.

Pokusa nadużycia w kontekście polityki imigracyjnej i wielokulturowej wybranych państw Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Anna Siewierska-Chmaj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2016

The author applies the economic concept of moral hazard to the phenomenon of migration . Based on preliminary analysis and available studies, she argues that the current migration policies of the European Union’s member states largely confirm the phenomenon of moral hazard. Immigrants are treated as insured against potential damages and as such, take on increased risk, assuming that a host country will assume responsibility for their fate. The author justifies this thesis by pointing out the fact that the second and third generation of immigrants living in Western Europe are not only less integrated, but also have much more demanding attitudes toward the state whose citizenship they possess. The most characteristic example confirming the phenomenon of moral hazard in the context of multicultural societies is polygamous marriages in Western Europe, the number of which is greater than in Arab countries, in which polygamy originates from religion and tradition.

BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE PERIPHERY OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION?

Author(s): Artur Niedźwiecki / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

The major propose for this article is to examine ten years of Polish membership in the European Union. This paper analyzes characteristics of the system of Europe, as well as the process of “Europeanization”. It also covers the depiction of relations between the Centre and the Periphery of European integration and investigates the Polish role in a process of diffusion of norms and procedures within our continent. The main hypothesis of this paper is that nowadays Poland remains suspended somewhere between Centre and Periphery of European integration, without a real capacity of joining the “hard-core” of the EU in the predictable future.

BRITAIN’S MEMBERSHIP IN THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES AND THE EUROPEAN UNION

Author(s): Grzegorz Ronek / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

One of the most important factors affecting British politics is its membership to the European Communities (EC) and later the European Union (EU), which has already had massive implications for this country. The relationship between Britain and Europe has always been problematic. In Britain there has been little enthusiasm for European integration per se, and equally little understanding of the enthusiasm felt on the continent. Europe has been seen as a menace rather than an opportunity and very few British politicians have attempted to argue (as is commonplace on the continent) about monetary union, for instance, it is the only way of regaining control over financial policy. The European idea of pursuing economic integration as a means to political union has also been met with blank incomprehension, if not outright hostility. Britain has always been attempting to slow down the process of integration and, consequently, has often fallen behind and had no choice but to catch up. However, the portrayal of Britain as a “difficult partner” or “laggard leader” in European affairs is only partly justified. Based on its specific understanding of national sovereignty, Britain has developed a much more pragmatic and instrumental approach towards Europe than most of its partners on the continent.3Nevertheless, the country was a strong driving force in favor of integration in many crucial policy fields like the single market or trade policy. According to Alan Milward, the process of European integration entails “pooling” the sovereignty in order to protect national interests and extend national governments’ control of their own destinies. In Britain, contrary to the continent, national interests dictated a different line and it was only when exclusion from the Communities appeared to threaten them that the then British government began to accept the need for membership. The very different motivation behind British entry ensured that the British aims inside the Communities would be limited or “defensive”. The most controversial aspect of Britain’s membership of the EC has always related to “erosion” of its sovereignty

Bliski istok i još bliži Bruxelles

Author(s): Anis H. Bajrektarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 23/2016

Diljem EU stalno kruži jedna te ista tvrdnja: ‘multikulturalizam je mrtav u Europi’. Je li umro ili ga se možda boje? Toliko za sve nas od zbirnog skupa europskih nacional-država koje vole romantizirati svoju pojavnost – u jednog meganaraciji dogmatskog univerzalizma prikazujući nam se kao koherentna unija, kao da je taj skup država sam od sebe živio dugu, harmoničnu i vjerodostojnu povjest multikulturalizma.

Bosna i Hercegovina u procesu ispunjavanja političkih kriterija iz Kopenhagena: napredak ili stagnacija?

Author(s): Dženeta Omerdić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2015

The task of state authorities is to enable, within its competencies, full and effective implementation of the principle of the rule of law, and to allow all individuals to participate in process of creation and achievement of human rights and fundamental freedoms. In connection to aforementioned, and according to the political criteria adopted in Copenhagen in June 1993, the paper analyzes status of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the European integration process. Special emphasis is placed on the analysis of the institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina and their normative, professional and infrastructural readiness (and ability) to guarantee the implementation of fundamental democratic principles. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the measures that have been announced in the adopted reform agenda for Bosnia and Herzegovina 2015-2018, which are primarily related to the implementation of the principle of the rule of law and to the process of good governance.

TRANZICIJSKI PROCES I PRISTUPANJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U EUROPSKU UNIJU

Author(s): Alisa Salkić,Rajko Kasagić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2016

The position of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the transition process in order to become a member of the European Union is specific. Even if it's not her war-torn economy, at the end of that situation found itself in thankless position of the lost market in construction works, tourist services, cooperative cooperation in the metal industry, long jobs in the textile and footwear industry, with the working habits of the socialist self society. Adjustment of the economy to market laws, or fighting in the market competition with prominent businessmen of other countries is a long process. Therefore, inefficient enterprises has been removed from the market which caused a rise in the unemployment rate. In the process of transition Bosnia and Herzegovina enter certain efforts to harmonize legal acts with the EU law that ensures free movement of capital, labor, open market ,copyright protection, a single foreign policy, judicial cooperation in suppression of corruption and other criminal activities. From the general social standpoint advantage of EU membership lies in the political reasons for the creation of conditions for effective functioning of the state and security reasons. Rope standpoint is of an economic nature, regarding opening of the market, expanding and deepening economic cooperation, which will create new jobs and increase the standard of living. It ensures the development of modern technology and knowledge. However, joining the EU leads to new costs by transfering of financial resources to the joint budget.