Zmiany przestrzeni symbolicznej

Author(s): Péter Portörö / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2014

The naming and renaming of public places/spaces has been playing a substantial role in relation to cultural, political symbols. A process of renaming public squares and streets has arisen in Hungary during recent years, akin to the political changes of 1989-1990. This process is primarily generated by right-wing parties, seeking connections with the conservative historical ideology of the period preceding the Second World War. It can also be seen as a process of eliminating the remains of socialism. After the change in government, for various reasons, a removal of “surviving” persons or concepts began. The current renaming process also symbolizes the economic, political and cultural preferences of the new establishment. After changes in the law after the governmental elections of 2010, new legal regulations provided the local authorities with the opportunity to request expert opinions from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences to determine if a denomination can stay or if should it disappear.

Życie religijne i jego organizacja w gminie żydowskiej we Wrocławiu

Author(s): Ewa Banasiewicz-Ossowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2015

The article relates to various aspects of religious life and religious practice in the Wroclaw Jewish Community, refering also to the changes which took place in this area since its inception after war. Indicates a legal basis for the existence and conduct religious activities by Jewish Communities, and discusses the religious identification of the Wroclaw Jewish Community and people her forming. Emphasizes the role of the rabbi in the rebirth process of Jewish religious life in Wroclaw and integrating members of the community. It refers to the weekly and annual religious festivals celebrated in the Community, to the specifics of the liturgy and prayers, and to the attitude to the rules of kashrut and to the practiced religious rituals by Community members. The paper draws attention both to the phenomenon of return to Judaism through the rite of conversion, largely by young people, and on the process of substitution of religious knowledge by the sense of community.

Auf dem Weg ins utopielose Jahrhundert

Author(s): Cornelia Klinger / Language(s): German Issue: 19/1999

Es soll hier nicht von der Zukunft die Rede sein und keine Voraussage gemacht werden, ob und welche Art von Utopien im Verlauf des 21. Jahrhunderts entstehen könnten. Und obwohl der Titel es nahelegt, soll erst recht nicht behauptet werden, dass in den vor uns liegenden hundert Jahren keinerlei utopische Ideen entwickelt werden könnten. Das wäre vermessen.

„Nem vettem le a nyakamból a Dávid-csillagot.” Zsidó segítők a migránsok között – „Európa fél.” Radnóti Zoltán rabbi a menekültkérdésről

Author(s): Katalin Dorogi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2015

Die Orange Revolution

Author(s): Timothy Garton Ash,Timothy Snyder / Language(s): German Issue: 29/2005

Im vergangenen Herbst prägte sich die Ukraine zum ersten Mal in ihrer Geschichte im politischen Bewusstsein der Weltöffentlichkeit ein. In einer Volksbewegung, die als »Orange Revolution« bekannt wurde, versammelten sich auf dem Unabhängigkeitsplatz in Kiew bei frostigen Temperaturen große Menschenmassen, die orangefarbene Schals trugen, und forderten eine faire Präsidentschaftswahl. Sie haben gesiegt. Unter ihrem neuen Präsidenten Viktor Juschtschenko kann die Ukraine Kurs auf die von ihm und seinen Mitstreitern erhoffte funktionierende Demokratie und Marktwirtschaft auf rechtsstaatlicher Basis und auf eine Mitgliedschaft in der Europäischen Union nehmen.

National Role in Turkish Foreign Policy: Relations with Kurdish Regional Government of Iraq

Author(s): Özüm Sezin Uzun / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

Turkey's foreign policy has been in a state of change since the AKP (Justice and Development Party) government came into power in 2002. Regarding the internal and external factors, this article argues that the changes in identification national role have been one the factors that led Turkey to conduct a new pro-active foreign policy. Turkey has perceived duties and/or responsibilities for itself in its relations with other states in the regions to which Turkey feels deep-rooted historical, cultural and religious ties. The outcomes of this change have been observable in the relations between Turkey and the Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) in the north of Iraq, which evolved from conflictual to cooperative relations since 2008.

The Gulf War - A Clash of Cultures and Interests

Author(s): Bertalan Kozma / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

The whole world kept their eyes on the events unfolding in the Middle East in 1990. Saddam Hussein launched his massive forces against Kuwait and soon got hold of the small, but extremely rich state, claiming it had always belonged to Iraq. The response came in the form of a state-of-the-art military offensive from the United Nations coalition forces. The Gulf War was the first fully televised and broadcast war in history, the public could follow the events live and breaking. My paper shall explore the true reasons behind this attack, bringing forth the infamous Saddam Hussein .April Glaspie meeting (ambassador to the USA in Iraq), in which she made misleading remarks and the several failed attempts at negotiation to prevent the war, all refused by the United States. My argument will hypothesize that it was in the core interest of the USA to strike militarily in order to maintain the balance of power in the Middle East thus providing a clearer picture between the two opposing opinions as per the cause of the Gulf War: protecting Kuwait from the dictator and attempting to gain full control over the vast oil reserves of Kuwait. Since, it is not all black and white.

Mexican and International Reactions after the 2012 Elections in Mexico

Author(s): Mónika Szente-Varga / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

Geopolitika Latin-Amerikában

Author(s): István Szilágyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2013

Geopolitics as a multidisciplinary branch of social science and as a theory of foreign policy appeared on the Latin-American continent in the second half of the 1920s. The main features they include are the next: aggressive approach to the space, the continental adaption of the organic state-theory elaborated by Ratzel and Kjellen, moreover, the developed geopolitical theory was thought to be converted into practice via the growing role of the army. The armed forces and their various institutions became the scientific centre of elaborating the new attitude to the international relations as a theory. When the army assumed the political power, however, it was given an opportunity to put these theories into practice. On the Latin-American continent the geopolitical schools with important theoretical background were established in Argentina, Brazil and Chile. In this study we introduce the Brazilian geopolitical theory and practice elaborated in the Supreme Military Academy and the Chilean geopolitical theory and practice established by generals Ramon Cañas Montalva and Augusto Pinochet.

EUNTES DOCETE

The 621th academic year at the Pontifical University of John Paul II in Krakow

Author(s): Jan D. Szczurek / Language(s): English Issue: 50/2018

Kronika Parafii Ewangelicko-Augsburskiej w Gdańsku z siedzibą w Sopocie za rok 2018

Author(s): Iwona Hintz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2018

DIMITRIE VATAMANIUC (25 SEPTEMBRIE 1920 – 4 IULIE 2018)

Author(s): Rodica Jugrin / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

Dimitrie Vatamaniuc was born on September 25, 1920, in the Sucevita village, Rădăuţi County (nowadays Suceava County). He attended the primary school in Sucevita, then graduated from theTeacher Education School in Cernăuţi and Bacău, the “Eudoxiu Hurmuzachi” High School from Rădăuţi and the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy at the University of Cluj. In 1957 he obtained his doctorate at the Institute of Literary History and Folklore, under the guidance of George Călinescu, with the thesis Ioan Popovici Bănăţeanul şi lumea meseriaşilor. He is the author of works dedicated to Ion-Popovici Bănățeanul, George Coșbuc, Ioan Slavici, Lucian Blaga, Tudor Arghezi. Dimitrie Vatamaniuc's name will forever be linked to the great critical edition of Mihai Eminescu's work, which was initiated and coordinated by Perpessicius in 1939. He overtook together with Petru Creția the continuation of the entire edition of the national poet's work. Under his supervision the reappeared, between 1977 and 1993, the volumes VII-XVI of Eminescu's work. Dimitrie Vatamaniuc was the director of the Centre for “Bukovina” - Studies of the Romanian Academy (since 2007 reorganized as the “Bukovina” Institute), editor of the institute's periodical “Annals of Bukovina”and coordinator of the book collection Encyclopaedia of Bukovina in studies and monographs. In 2006 Dimitrie Vatamaniuc published the volume Bukovina between the West and the Orient. Studies and documents and in 2010 appeared a series of personal interviews, published by Constantin Hrehor with the title Conversations under Angels' Staircase. This longandrich cultural and scientific activity was rewarded by the election of Dimitrie Vatamaniuc as an honorary member of the Romanian Academy (2001). Dimitrie Vatamaniuc died on July 4, 2018, at the venerable age of 98, leaving behind a vast work dedicated to the values of the Romanian literature and the culture and civilization of Bukovina.

ȘTEFAN ȘTEFĂNESCU (24 mai 1929 – 29 decembrie 2018)

Author(s): Marian Olaru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

The author evokes the personality of Ștefan Ștefănescu, Romanian historian, professor at the Faculty of History of the University of Bucharest, member of the Romanian Academy (1992). Ștefan Ştefănescu was concerned with the most diverse aspects of Romanian history: he edited historical documents, he wrote studies of the medieval, pre-modern and modern history of Romania, of historical demography, history and culture of Bucovina etc. In recognition of his prestigious career, he was elected as a member of several scientific institutions in the country and abroad (Belgium, Italy) and rewarded with numerous scientific titles and awards. He was a supporter of the efforts to recover Bucovinaʼs cultural values and history and was part of the editorial staff of “The Annals of Bukovinaˮ, in which he published papers and articles.

Wielki powrót. Zwrot ku centrolewicy w Chorwacji

Author(s): Maciej Falski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 780/2020

Influenţa religiei în procesul de europenizare a Balcanilor de Vest

Author(s): Emilia Nicoleta Schiop / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10/2017

The last major event, the Brexit, urges European leaders to keep cohesion between the member states and the enlargement for East, which was postponed, can be accomplished in the future. Serbia, Montenegro, The Former Republic of Macedonia are examples of countries who started the admission negotiations. Croatia is part of the European Union since 2013. The stability for this part of the continent is essential for the EU security and this can be settled by respecting the fundamental norms. In this process, religion plays an important role. It can influence the systems (directly or indirectly) and the mentality of the population. Communism also left an influence, because that system lasted tor a long time. In addition, this geographical area has ethnic and religious conflicts between Christians and Muslims deeply rooted in history (eg. Kosovo problem, Srebrenica massacre etc.). Montenegro has potential in this way, after Macedonia and Serbia, which have already lead most of the negotiation chapters to an advanced stage. Bosnia, Herzegovina and Albania are at the beginning. Accession negotiations developing in the Western Balkans is a topical subject. European Commission’s documents are public. There are also governmental documents which indicate the progress of the accession negotiations. There is no national or international case study, containing all the available information about the accession (there is different information from different sources). Also, there is no interpretation of the negotiation chapters with the stucture of position papers in European negotiations. There aregaps in the documents about the national interpretation from the Western Balkans states to align with European standards. This study will try to find the connection between the religious conflicts in Western Balkans states and their future accession (also by analyzing the negotiation chapters).

Regele Mihai I la Putna

Author(s): Dan Ciachir / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 05/2016

The article evokes a visit that the former sovereign of Romania, King Michael I, made to Romania in 1992. It was the first visit after his forced abdication of December 30, 1947 at the invitation of Archbishop Pimen of Suceava and Radauti. The king attended the Resurrection service at Putna monastery and then other events in the country, being welcomed everywhere with great honors.

Decommunization of Symbolic Urban Space of Ukraine’s Megalopolises: Effective Local Government Capacity Building

Author(s): Natalia Rotar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The decommunization of urban symbolic space through the renaming of streets and settlements commemorating communist figures (toponymic remapping) has become a characteristic feature of the decommunization process across Eastern Europe. This paper provides an overview of the vigorous discussions over the toponymic remapping of urban space in the Ukrainian megalopolises of Kyiv, Kharkiv, Dnipro and Odesa. These case studies illustrate the important role of symbolic efficacy in consolidating Ukrainian society around the idea of democracy and the country’s aspirations for European integration. The main focus of our research was to analyse the actions taken to fulfil Ukraine’s decommunization laws, particularly with regard to the renaming of streets and settlements. We focus on the actions taken by local governments, the content of public debates, the decisions taken by regional authorities to step in if local outcomes did not fulfil the stipulations of national decommunization laws, and litigations initiated by local community groups aiming to push back against the changes. Our analysis of these debates allowed us to identify four key models of discourse, namely: case-law or litigation; the use of open letters; the Deputy’s address; and recommunization.We also consider how demographic characteristics of cities (especially age and ethnicity) affect the decommunization process, and look at how attitudes towards decommunization varies across the regions of Ukraine, finding.We argue that a multiperspective approach to Ukraine’s history, leading to a shared vision of its past, is vital in order to promote social cohesion, peace and democracy, whilst building the capacity of individual cities.

Z ciemności piwnicy

Author(s): Władysław Werstiuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 111/2022

Dziennik spod Kijowa ukraińskiego historyka w pierwszym miesiącu wojny. A diary from Kiev by a Ukrainian historian in the first month of the war.

Bulgaria and Slovenia Protest Event Dataset (2009-2017)

Protest cycles and protest patterns in Southeast Europe

Author(s): Ivaylo Dinev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

This article aims to present findings from an original dataset on collective action in the protest arenas of Bulgaria and Slovenia in the aftermath of the global economic crisis, 2009-2017. Unlike other empirical studies which focus either on particular social movements or individual-level measurements, this dataset consists of all reports of collective action in the form of protests demonstrations, strikes, blockades, occupations, sit-ins, marches, petitions etc., derived from the national Bulgarian and Slovenian press agencies, including information about claims and actors. Along with a description of the data collection, techniques, and coding, the article identifies the phases of protest cycles and explores general protest patterns. The findings depict three distinct periods of activity in Bulgaria and Slovenia: the ascending phase of protest cycle involving immediate protest responses against austerity measures (2009-2011), massive anti-establishment discontent involving the dominant role of new informal protest movements (2012-2013), and the de-mobilization phase of mass protest and the rise of contention about cultural issues (since 2014).

Citizens without Borders: Yugoslavia and Its Migrant Workers in Western Europe

Author(s): Rory Archer / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Citizens without Borders: Yugoslavia and Its Migrant Workers in Western Europe. By Brigitte Le Normand. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2021. 286 pp.