Professor Marcin Wadowita (1567 – 1641), an Example of a Brilliant Academic Career in Old Kraków

Author(s): Tomasz Graff / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2012

The paper portrays the academic career of an exquisite Cracovian professor Marcin Wadowita (1567 and 1641). He was born in a small town of Wadowice . In his youth he used to look after pigs but towards the end of his life he was one of the most acknowledged scholars in Cracow, holding a function of the Dean of the Department of Theology and vice chancellor at the University of Cracow. When he died, the whole city mourned him. The University of Cracow at that time was undergoing a period of stagnation. Permanent lack of financial resources was making itself painfully felt. Additionally, the well-being of the University was constantly threatened by the Jesuit schools. Notwithstanding all the hardships, however, there appeared some exceptional scientific personalities, such as Wadowita, who managed to raise admiration of such figures as Pope Clement VIII. The author, discussing Wadowita’s academic career, will present it against a broader background of functioning of the academic environment in Cracow in the 2nd half of the 16th and the 1st half of the 17th century.

Записки по българска история на С. С. Бобчев от 1867–1868 г.

Author(s): Petar Parvanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

The text presents an unpublished source for Bulgarian development. Notes on Bulgarian history written by S. S. Bobchev in 1867-1868 years. They tracked Bulgarian history from antiquity to the time of their writing. Records give insight into the understanding of Bulgarian history during the 19th century, seen through the eyes of a fourteen to fifteen-years-old boy.

За един малко известен демонологичен персонаж „бробняча“ (По теренни материали от гр. Чипровци)

Author(s): Vanya Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2017

The current article is devoted to a not so widely known in the specialized Bulgarian ethnological literature demonic creature, mostly known in two villages in Northwestern Bulgaria (Chiprovtsi and Zhelezna) and called brobnyacha. The lexeme brobnyacha can only be found in one official Bulgarian language dictionary – the one published in 1908 by N. Gerov. When trying to position the brobnyacha in the Bulgarian and South Balkan folklore mythological pantheon it turns out to be a combined image of different supernatural demonic creatures’ characteristics – vampir – vampire, samodiva – fairy, karakondzhul etc, but without enough common ground with any of them (in terms of chronotopic positioning and actual actions). It is also impossible to sort the brobnyacha as one of the well-known types of witch (magyosnitsa, mamnitsa, bayachka, znaharka, veshtica) among the same regions of Orthodox population. However, the comparative analysis made points to similarities and allows for analogies with the tragically known ‘witch hunting’ in Central and Western Europe. There are also many similarities to witches from the classical fiction literature. In the search of an acceptable explanation, the hypothesis is presented that after the Chiprovtsi uprising in 1688, part of the refugees who at first settle in lands controlled by the Hapsburgs at that time could have become witnesses to ‘belated’ trials against witches in the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century. Since the fate of many of those refugees and their descendants remains unknown, it is logical to conclude that some of them returned to Chiprovtsi and memories of the witch trials have been transformed in the image of the brobnyacha. According to some of the informants the brobnyacha of Chiprovtsi vomits the blood drunk – the same actions is to be seen by the so-called striga of the mountains in Northern Albania. This does not seem to be coincidental and, if the theory about an Albanian presence in the described area of the Chiprovtsi region before 1688 is accepted, which can be confirmed also through the recording of typical Albanian given names in the Ottoman Empire’s tax registers from the region.

Prikazi

Author(s): Dželila Babović,Aida Smailbegović,Goran Pavelić,Ekrem Čaušević,Madžida Mašić,Muamer Hodžić,Amina Šiljak-Jesenković,Alma Omanović-Veladžić,Nihad Dostović,Nedim Zahirović,Adis Zilić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 67/2018

Reviews of: Esad Duraković, "Klasično pjesništvo na arapskom, perzijskom i turskom jeziku. Poetološki pristup", Orijentalni institut u Sarajevu, Posebna izdanja LII, Sarajevo, 2018, 367.; by: Dželila Babović "Katalog arapskih, turskih i bosanskih rukopisa Muzeja Hercegovine Mostar", obradile Dželila Babović, Madžida Mašić, Orijentalni institut u Sarajevu, Muzej Hercegovine Mostar, Sarajevo 2017, 187.; by: Aida Smailbegović Ekrem Čaušević, "Ustroj, sintaksa i semantika infinitnih glagolskih oblika u turskom jeziku", Ibis grafika, Zagreb 2018, 358.; by: Goran Pavelić Marzanna Pomorska, "Russian loanwords in the chulym turkic dialects", Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2017, 266.; by: Ekrem Čaušević Ewa Siemieniec-Gołaś, "Anonymous italian-turkish dictionary from the Marsigli collection in Bologna", Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2015, 172.; by: Ekrem Čaušević "A Crimean Karaim - English Dictionary", Gulayhan Aqtay and Henryk Jankowski. Department of Asian Studies, Faculty of Modern Languages and Literatures, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan 2015; cca. 10 000 riječi, 493.; by: Goran Pavelić Alena Ćatović, "Tragom priče o šejhu Sanʼānu: Hasan Zijaija Mostarac i njegova pripovijest o šejhu Abdurezzāku", Posebna izdanja L, Orijentalni institut, Sarajevo, 2017, 288.; by: Madžida Mašić M. Fatih Köksal, Sana Benzer Güzel Olmaz, "Divan Şiirinde Nazire", Büyüyen Ay Yayınları, İstanbul, 2018, 190.; by: Madžida Mašić Aladin Husić, "Crna Gora u defteru Dukađinskog sandžaka iz 1570. godine", Posebna izdanja LI, Državni arhiv Crne Gore i Univerzitet u Sarajevu – Orijentalni institut, Cetinje – Sarajevo, 2017, 282.; by: Muamer Hodžić Faruk Taslidža, "Bosanski ejalet u doba Bečkog rata (1683-1699)", Izdanja Federalnog ministarstva obrazovanja i nauke, knj. 12, Mostar 2017, 220.; by: Adis Zilić "Bosna i Hercegovina u spisima Ahmeda Dževdet-paše", prevela s osmanskog i priredila Kerima Filan, Connectum, Sarajevo 2017, 262.; by: Amina Šiljak-Jesenković Hana Younis, "Od dućana do pozorišta: sarajevska trgovačka elita 1851-1878", Historijske monografije, knjiga 15, Institut za historiju, Sarajevo, 2017, 357.; by: Alma Omanović-Veladžić "Katalog osmanskih dokumenata (I)", obradila Azra Gadžo-Kasumović, Gazi Husrev-begova biblioteka u Sarajevu, Sarajevo 2018, 448.; by: Nihad Dostović Agron Islami, Selim Selimi, Hatixhe Ahmeti, "Epitafet në gjuhën Osmane: deshifrimi dhe përkthimi i tyre në regjionin e Prishtinës", Fakulteti i Studimeve Islame, Prishtinë, 2017, 133.; by: Nedim Zahirović Selami Şimşek, "Tasavvuf Edebiyati Terimleri Sözlüğü", Litera yayıncılık, Istanbul 2017, 416.; by: Aida Smailbegović İbrâhîm Hâs Halvetî, "Erenler Kitabi: Tezkiretü’l-Hâs", haz. Mustafa Tatçı, Musa Yıldiz, Yasin Şen, H Yayınları, İstanbul, 2017, 625.; by: Madžida Mašić İsam Tahkikli "Neşir Kilavuzu", haz. Okan Kadir Yılmaz, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, Ankara, 2018.; by: Madžida Mašić

Razvoj i izgradnja Bjelovara u kartografskim izvorima: od vojne utvrde do slobodnoga i kraljevskog grada

Author(s): Mirela Slukan Altić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2007

Thanks to its distinguished place in Croatian history, the town of Bjelovar has been the subject of many cartographic outlines during the 250 years of its existence, which faithfully witnesses its historical continuity and strong cultural identity. Bjelovar was mentioned in cartographic sources for the first time in 1639, 117 years before its founding. Since then, based on many cartographic sources, we can follow its development from a military fort to a free royal city or, in other words, until nowadays, when Bjelovar is an administrative, economy and cultural centre of the Bjelovar-Bilogora County. Because of its exceptional historical role as the headquarters of Varaždin military border, being the County seat, we can follow Bjelovar in detail from the first years of its existence until today. The above mentioned sources enable us to see the outlook and structure of the town, its construction and expansion, the rising of its economy, infrastructural problem solving, and its connection with the surroundings and every day life of its citizens. Because of all that is mentioned above, the cartographic outlines of Bjelovar are an unavoidable historical source, which testifies on its development and rich cultural heritage, which needs to be preserved for future generations as an important piece of common heritage. From these you can clearly see what is the cultural and historical identity of this city, which should be a starting point for conservation protection and future development plans. A scientific analysis of the mentioned cartographic resources confirms that Bjelovar has already been a part of European history and cultural heritage for a long time. This paper is the author’s attempt to collect all the cartographic resources for the history of Bjelovar and, by their scientific analyses, contribute to new findings on the historical development of Bjelovar and historical-geographic conditions of its development.

Društveno-istorijski razvoj lokalne samouprave u gradu Sarajevu

Author(s): Mirko Pejanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3/2018

This paper elaborates the genesis of the socio-historical development of local selfgovernment in the city of Sarajevo from the 15th to the 20th centuries. Sarajevo became the urban center during the Ottoman administration in Bosnia and Herzegovina, founded by Isa-bey Ishaković in 1462. The second period of Sarajevo's urban development dates from 1521 to 1541, when the role of the administrator of the Bosnian Sanjak was carried out by Gazi Husrev-bey. During the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, Sarajevo turned into a large city settlement under Ottoman rule. During the Ottoman administration, the City of Sarajevo was the center of trade and merchandise trade between the East and West. The turning point in the urban development of the city of Sarajevo entered with the Austro-Hungarian administration. From 1878-1914, Sarajevo got its own management and became a modern urban center like the towns in Central Europe. After the Second World War, the city of Sarajevo achieves a new rise in its development. The rise in the development of the City of Sarajevo will be especially confirmed during the preparation and maintenance of the 14th Winter Olympics. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the city of Sarajevo expanded its territorial coverage to ten municipalities with the inclusion of the city of Sarajevo: Trnovo, Hadžići, Pale and Ilijaš. The 1992-1995 siege of Sarajevo led to the destruction of the economy and social activities. After the Dayton Peace Agreement in 1995, Sarajevo reintegrated its urban units that were under the siege of the Republika Srpska Army during the war in early 1996. In 1996, the Sarajevo Canton was established on the territory of the municipalities that were part of the City of Sarajevo. The Sarajevo Canton authorities have appropriated the property and jurisdiction from the City of Sarajevo. Since then, the City of Sarajevo has not completely solved the constitutional-legal and political status from the standpoint of autonomous competences and territorial organization on the whole of its urban space. The paper presents the prerequisites for changing the constitutional and legal status of the city of Sarajevo, which, as a local self-government unit, would have full competence on the basis of the European Charter of Local Self-Government.

80 години Исторически музей – Самоков

Author(s): Albena Simova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

Uses, Conflicts and Regulations in Micro-places: The Case of Early Modern Lyons

Author(s): Olivier Zeller / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The utilization of a GIS (Geographical Information System) permits the highlighting of urban strategies seen through textual fonts in early modern Lyons. The town council applied a long-lasting micro-urbanism aiming to improve traffic, to enlarge squares and to control the spatial usage. However, popular culture remained very reluctant, defending two kinds of appropriation. Streets and squares were considered a normal extension of professional premises, and militia units often came into conflict over shared parade grounds.

Narvik, a Swedish Norwegian Border Town

Author(s): Steinar Aas / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This article gives an insight into the industrialization and colonization processes of northern Scandinavia. Urbanization due to industrialization is a vital part of the perspective, and brings us into an industrial mega system in Swedish Lapland in the late nineteenth century based on iron ore export. It was to be connected to the industrial centre of Europe, especially the Ruhrgebiet of Germany, and paved the way for a new kind of urban development in peripheral Europe – the industrial network town. The history and foundation of the Norwegian harbour town Narvik is vital for gaining insight into this mega system. By studying Narvik we can envisage particularities of, and similarities and differences between Norway and Sweden when it comes to their urban economic foundations, urban development/planning regimes, and the relations between the municipalities, the modern nation states and the dominating companies. Even the development of a uniquely Scandinavian identity connected with the labour movement and the development of a post-war social democrat order visibly results from the new industries. Thus the common Swedish-Norwegian figure of the rallar – something like navvy or construction worker – has a significant place in this study, and the use of the figure in addition to later processes of memory creation, both within the Norwegian and Swedish labour movements, is addressed.

Нов изследователски поглед върху историята на Oсманската империя от края на XVI и първата половина на XVII век

Author(s): Dimitar Nitsov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

An Overview of the History of the Ottoman Empire from the End of the 16th and the First Half of the 17th Century

Естетика Італійського ренесансу в жіночій аристократичній зачісці

Author(s): Oksana Anatoliyivna Minenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 41/2018

The purpose of the article is to determine the influence of the aesthetic ideals of the Italian Renaissance on the formation and stylistic diversity of aristocratic women's hairstyles. The methodology of the study consists of the principles of objectivity, historicism, multifactor, systemicity, complexity, and pluralism; and to achieve the goal methods used: problem chronological, concrete-historical, statistical, descriptive, logical-analytical. Scientific novelty. An art-study analysis of the formation of the style of women's aristocratic hairstyles in Italy in the fourteenth and eighteenth centuries was conducted in the context of Renaissance aesthetics, based on the study of rare sources and archival materials; The role of well-known Italian aristocrats, legislators of the Isabella and Beatrice d'Este, Bianchi Maria Sforza, Batista Sforza, Maddaleni Doni, Eleonora of Toledo, Lucia Albani Avogadro, and others are researched in the process of creating and promoting new styles of women's hairstyles. Conclusions. Based on the study of the specifics of the creation and finishing of aristocratic female hairstyles of the Italian Renaissance, it has been proved that their stylistic and formative features are one aspect of the modification of the human body in accordance with the humanistic views and aesthetic ideals of the Renaissance; It was found that a female hairstyle in the fourteenth and eighteenth centuries was a symbol of individual and group identity.

Каменная летопись Каламиты-Инкермана

Author(s): Vladimir P. Kirilko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2019

The first defense structure of Kalamita was a Byzantine fortress of 550—650: it protected the passage to the Heraclean Peninsula. Not earlier than 1422 and as late as the end of 1423, most likely in spring or summer of 1423, its early medieval debris was used for building a new fortification in its place. The new structure belonged to a ruler of Theodoro who started a war against Caffa. In October-November 1423, the defense structures of Kalamita were massively damaged by a 9-degree Yalta earthquake and restored in 1425—1427. In 1434, Kalamita was burnt down by a Genoese punitive expedition led by Carlo Lomellini. Further restoration works aimed to erect a stone wall to defend the suburb. The fortifications of the Theodoro fortress were substantially reconstructed within 1450—1475, with the support of the Genoese authorities. In 1475—1771, Kalamita belonged to the Ottomans, who at the end of the 16th century (the earliest), but, most likely in the 17th — early 18th century, added two new fortifications to the fortress: wallgang and glacis.

The Public Baths as a Factor in Local Identity Construction, 20th–Early 21st Century (The Case of Gorna Banya Quarter in Sofia)

Author(s): Stamen Kanev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This article is part of ethnological research on the role and function of the public baths in the urban space. Fieldwork was done in 2017 in the Gorna Banya quarter of Sofia. In this publication, the public baths are seen as one of the markers that construct local identity. At the beginning of the 20th century, the old Ottoman baths in the centre of Gorna Banya are destroyed and new ones are built, which are preserved to the present day. The baths are part of the everyday life of the local people, who use their resources for drinking, cooking, washing, but also for trade and medicinal purposes. Furthermore, the inhabitants continue to observe some traditional family and calendar customs around the public baths. Although the baths are closed, the square in front of them continues to playa central role in public life. This is evident, on the one hand, from the annual celebrations, and on the other hand, from the gatherings in front of the public baths summoned via Facebook. The public baths continue to be a central place around which life in the quarter is organized. The local authorities are looking for different ways to fund the restoration of the old building.

Routes of Russian Icons in Balkans (16th - 20th Centuries).

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

Към въпроса за придобиването на Никифоровия препис на Паисиевата история от проф. Марин Дринов в Пирдоп

Author(s): Ivan Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2019

The article deals with the known transcripts of Paisii’s Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya (Slavonic-Bulgarian History), originating from the town of Pirdop. One of them is the manuscript made by Daskal Todor Pirdopski. Another one was found in the library of Hadji Ivan Hadjidimitrov, and the latest one was made after the liberation by the teacher Dimitar Odzhakov. The earliest one is from 1772 and is the work of the Rila monk Nikifor, and was owned by a resident of Pirdop for decades. It was this transcript that was purchased by Professor Marin Drinov upon his visit to the city at the end of 1878 or the beginning of 1879 and thus became available to Bulgarian science. Due to uncertain information about Prof. Drinov’s stay in Pirdop, the article provides additional sources to clarify the timeline of his visit to the city and when he most likely purchased the Nikifor’s copy of Paisii’s history.

Giovanni Chiaromanni et son voyage de Vienne a Bursa en 1659. Compilateur et traducteur Penka Danova. Sofia, Paradigma, 2017. 257 p.

Author(s): Tamara Stoilova / Language(s): French Issue: 1-2/2019

Book Review

Първа европейска конференция по униформология

Author(s): Aleksander Vachkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Научна конференция на тема „Пазари, общество, власт“

Author(s): Ivan Rusev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Splendid Encounters VIII: Les Gestes De La Diplomatie / The Gestures of Diplomacy, Gifts, Ceremony, Body Language (1400–1750)

Author(s): Magdalena Jakubowska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

Splendid Encounters VIII: Les Gestes De La Diplomatie / The Gestures of Diplomacy, Gifts, Ceremony, Body Language (1400–1750), Conference, 30–31 May 2019, Toulouse, University Toulouse Jean Jaurès

Робовладелците в османска София: социално-религиозен състав и господарски стратегии (средата на XVI – средата на XVIII век)

Author(s): Olga Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

This study tries to delineate the socio-religious profile of Sofia slaveholders in mid-16th – mid-18th centuries mainly on the basis of relevant documents found in the local Sharia court’s registers dating from the same period. The analysis of a sample of 211 slave-owners reveals, first of all, that slaveholding in Ottoman Sofia was relatively widespread, comprising not only the provincial askeri elites but also the representatives of the lower strata of the askeri group, as well as ordinary citizens – traders and craftsmen, including (although, on a very modest scale) non-Muslims. Secondly, the examination of the documents in the sample showed a slight preponderance of cases, in which slave owners and ex-owners proved themselves supportive and helpful in one way or another to their slaves and ex-slaves. In this context the symbolic value of the slaveholding as an emblem of status and piety has been discussed, especially in connection with the phenomenon of some relatively poor and/or newly-Islamized people joining the ranks of slaveholders.