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Venituri şi performanţă în politica socială

Venituri şi performanţă în politica socială

Author(s): Simona Ilie / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4/2017

Articolul reprezintă o analiză a dimensiunii sărăciei pe etape ale constituirii veniturilor şi după diferite grupuri de risc. Pe date ale anilor 2013–2015, studiul urmăreşte indicatori ai sărăciei şi inegalităţii în România, comparativ cu ţări ale spaţiului european, grupate după modelele sociale conturate de Boeri pe datele sfârşitului de secol trecut. Demers rar al studiilor comparative, structura bugetelor gospodăriilor din câteva ţări europene este un preambul al acestor comparaţii. Concluziile analizei conduc la formularea unor posibile direcţii de intervenţie care să crească performanţa politicii sociale româneşti.

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Economia creativă a Bucureștiului

Economia creativă a Bucureștiului

Author(s): Leonard Zamfir / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2018

Studiul intenționează să cartografieze din punct de vedere geografic posibilitățile de clusterizare a principalelor industrii creative din București. Din multitudinea definițiilor din domeniu s-a ales să se prezinte o analiză a răspândirii geografice a industriilor media, publicistică și software, în București la nivelul anului 2014, folosind și prelucrând o bază de date obținută, pe perioada analizată, de la Institutul Național de Statistică (www.insse.ro). Prezentul studiu analizează economia creativă a DCMS folosind valorile a trei mari indicatori economici – CA (cifra de afaceri), NrMs (Număr Mediu de Salariați) și NrF (Număr Firme). Acești indicatori sunt analizați pe domenii principale ale economiei creative delimitați la nivel macro (industrii creative), cât și la nivel micro (puncte cardinale geografic – Nord, Sud, Est, Vest, cartier, stradă, număr poștal). Economia creativă se prezintă metodologic ca un termen care poate avea mai multe înțelesuri și viziuni. Există o viziune care urmărește din punct de vedere cantitativ aceste domenii (cea mai cunoscută și cea mai acceptată definiție în acest sens fiind cea dată de Departamentul pentru Cultură, Media și Sport din Marea Britanie – DCMS), o viziune asupra clasei creative dezvoltată de sociologul american Richard Florida și o parte care privește dezvoltarea și planificarea urbană reprezentată, în principal, de Charles Landry sau Sharon Zukin. Economia creativă este, în principal, legată de dezvoltarea urbană și poate reprezenta o nouă modalitate de dezvoltare a calității vieții în marile aglomerări urbane. În plin proces de dezindustrializare urbană, economia creativă este văzută, în prezent, ca un răspuns de politică socială la dizlocarea cauzată de dezindustrializare; cu alte cuvinte se rezolvă sărăcia şi stresul cauzat de închiderea minelor de cărbune prin configurarea muzeelor, care explică ce fel de viaţă a fost în aceste mine de cărbune, de exemlu. Ideile sunt miezul noului sistem economic şi reprezintă o nouă alternativă la problemele vechi economice: îmbătrânirea populaţiei şi resurse economice limitate.

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Legitimizing the post-socialist transformation in Romania

Legitimizing the post-socialist transformation in Romania

Author(s): Sebastian Țoc / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

In this article I argue that political decisions in the Romanian post-socialist era have been tacitly accepted by the population mainly because political actors legitimized them through a “breaking up” with the communist past and through the projection of a future Romanian society which has a similar level of development as Western countries. Therefore, an official discourse, in which political decisions that generated major social costs were “necessary and inevitable” for the construction of an advanced capitalist society, was employed. In the first part of the paper, I describe the economic situation of Romania at the beginning of the transition process (1990) and the official strategies proposed for a successful transition. In the second part of the article, I discuss the processes of justification and legitimization of the economic reform and the involvement of international organizations such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) or the World Bank (WB). In the last part, the article focuses on the results of political decision-making in the transition period, mainly discussing the primary consequences that affected the population.

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Households’ Income in Romania for the 1918–2018 Century: Resources and Social Protection

Households’ Income in Romania for the 1918–2018 Century: Resources and Social Protection

Author(s): Simona Ilie / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

The paper addresses the changes that have occurred in household incomes in Romania after its constitution as a national state (1918). Land work, industrialization, migration, vocational training and social policy, as income determinants, are discussed in the context of the three great periods that have shaped the last century in Romania: pre-communist, communist and post-communist.

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Percepția populației din valea Dunării românești asupra dezvoltării socioeconomice în perioada postcomunistă. Studiu de caz: sectorul Turnu Măgurele – Giurgiu

Author(s): Laura Lupu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2018

În România, perioadele de tranziție și posttranziție au marcat o serie de schimbări fundamentale, cu influență semnificativă în dinamica dezvoltării socioeconomice. Articolul abordează aspecte referitoare la dezvoltarea socioeconomică din valea Dunării Românești (VDR), sectorul Turnu Măgurele – Giurgiu, fiind prezentate, în acest sens, elemente privind tendințele demografice (migrația rural–urban, declinul demografic, îmbătrânirea populației), serviciile publice (sănătate, educație, transport) și dinamica economică (declinul agriculturii, dezindustrializarea, șomajul, sărăcia), în ultimii 27 de ani. Explorarea statistică a unor indici și indicatori (ex.: rata șomajului, rata netă de migrație, indicele de îmbătrânire demografică, rata sărăciei, coeficientul Gini) oferă informații referitoare la o serie de aspecte ale calității vieții. În sectorul analizat al văii Dunării Românești, în vederea identificării percepției populației asupra schimbărilor socioeconomice, a fost realizată o anchetă sociologică bazată pe 204 chestionare. Rezultatele evidențiază declinul socioeconomic din regiune (sărăcie, nivel de trai scăzut, inegalități rural–urban, disparități în accesul la serviciile de sănătate, creșterea ratei șomajului, migrațiile etc.) și vulnerabilitatea grupurilor sociale. Rezultatele studiului evidențiază, de asemenea, necesitatea participării active și cooperării autorităților locale și beneficiarilor în vederea asigurării calității vieții. Măsurile de răspuns la inegalitățile socioeconomice din sector sunt discutate în contextul strategiilor de dezvoltare existente la nivel local, regional sau național.

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O imagine a indicelui calității vieții din România şi urbanul mare românesc în context internațional

Author(s): Mariana Stanciu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2018

Acest studiu prezintă un punct de vedere asupra modului de conceptualizare a unei componente de înaltă relevanță în cercetarea socială, cum este ceea ce autorii numesc indicele calității vieții, așa cum este prezentat acesta în baza de date NUMBEO.com⁕. Indicele respectiv, cu referire la nivel naţional şi la oraşe mari ne reține atenția ca posibil mijloc de comparaţie de larg interes social. Baza Numbeo.com utilizează ca termeni de referință indicatori analitici și sintetici ai calității vieții aferenți orașului New York (cărora li se atribuie valoarea relativă de 100%), precum indicele calității vieții, indicele puterii de cumpărare, indicele costului vieții, indicele costului locuirii, indicele timpului petrecut în trafic și alți indici. Datele din prezentul comentariu se referă la lunile iulie 2017 şi ianuarie 2018. Din concluziile acestui demers reţine atenţia faptul că România ocupă o poziţie mai puţin favorabilă în context internaţional; de asemenea municipiul Bucureşti oferă populaţiei, cel puțin în unele domenii, o calitate medie a vieții inferioară celei din alte municipii românești cu volume de populaţie semnificativ, dar mai mici decât capitala ţării.

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Stres i wypalenie zawodowe wśród kobiet pracujących w różnych segmentach rynku farmaceutycznego

Stres i wypalenie zawodowe wśród kobiet pracujących w różnych segmentach rynku farmaceutycznego

Author(s): Michał Tołkacz,Anna Zalewska-Janowska,Anna Pietrzak,Alicja Ograczyk-Piotrowska,Zofia Kabzińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 68/2019

Numerous studies prove that stress and burnout have become a significant problem among people who have everyday contact with other people at work. For years, research on the threats of excessive stress and occupational burnout has focused on healthcare sector and the circle of medical professions. In addition to the well-recognized working conditions of doctors, nurses, midwives and physiotherapists, relatively few analyses have so far been conducted among employees of the pharmaceutical sector – an industry accompanying healthcare and closely cooperating with it. Among the professions whose representatives are exposed to constant stress, one can point out independent managers, scientific and medical representatives and pharmacists. The aim of the undertaken research was to determine the degree to which the level of experienced stress affects the appearance of occupational burnout among people employed in pharmaceutical companies and in pharmacies. Seeking answers to the research questions related to both groups, three standardized tools were used: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Mini-COPE Inventory for Measuring Coping with Stress and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).

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Aspekty bezpieczeństwa przetwarzania danych  w chmurze

Aspekty bezpieczeństwa przetwarzania danych w chmurze

Author(s): Sylwia Wojciechowska-Filipek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8.3/2015

In the past few years companies have increasingly often opted for using cloud computing instead of investing in expensive and rapidly obsolete infomation technology infrastructures. Assumption of this model brings numerous benefits to the organizations, including access to the latest technologies and programmes, flexibility in resource use and cost reduction. Shifting data processing onto the external servers however has many risks therefore before introducing such solutions it is important to consider relevant security issues. These include the ability to manage risk in case of outsiders accessing the companies data, legal compatibility when it is difficult to establish where data is localised, data protection from other users using the same servers, or even difficulty in managing information and its safety.

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Flash mob, jako forma komunikacji pomiędzy uczestnikami nowomedialnej społeczności oraz narzędzie zarządzania informacją (public relations) w organizacji otwartej, sieciowej i hipertekstowej1

Flash mob, jako forma komunikacji pomiędzy uczestnikami nowomedialnej społeczności oraz narzędzie zarządzania informacją (public relations) w organizacji otwartej, sieciowej i hipertekstowej1

Author(s): Weronika Madryas / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9.2/2015

The subject of the study is the analysis of flash mobs in relation to networking (network society, network organization), hypertextuality, information management and the new new media.The main intention of the author is to develop and present her own classification of flash mobs, as well as a reflection about them in the context of hypertextual organizational communication, and in particular, information management (public relations). The article consists of two parts. The first is devoted to the definition of flash mobs and a smart mob and also the determination of the properties (characteristics) and the separation of the three types of performances. The second part contains case studies carried out on examples which correspond to particular categories of flash mobs.The summary of these considerations presents the benefits of using flash mobs in public relation activity and also the hypertextual structure of performances.

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Innowacyjność w Polsce – obecna sytuacja i dokumenty strategiczne

Innowacyjność w Polsce – obecna sytuacja i dokumenty strategiczne

Author(s): Elwira Gross-Gołacka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11.1/2015

In the publication the author discusses the following issues: innovation in Poland and benchmarking to other EU countries, the strengths and weaknesses Polish innovation, government strategic documents and the role of clusters.

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The Method of Creating Innovations in Enterprises through the Idea of Living Laboratories

The Method of Creating Innovations in Enterprises through the Idea of Living Laboratories

Author(s): Anna Sabat / Language(s): English Issue: 11.2/2015

Studies attempt the recognition of the occurrence Living Lab as a concept which supports innovations in enterprises. Research questions related to clarification how living labs create innovation in enterprises. The research object was living labs in the Ontario region. Developed case study will help with theorethical due to the early stage of development of the knowledge presented in the article. Equal partners of innovative processes were recognized, emphasizing the idea of prosumers and business iteractions in living labs. The article is based on research of living laboratories in Canada.

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Social Construction of the Legal System. Research in the Northeastern Region of Romania

Social Construction of the Legal System. Research in the Northeastern Region of Romania

Author(s): Antonio Sandu,Camelia Ignătescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This research pursues the social construction of the idea of justice among citizens by measuring the public opinion on the legal system in Romania. A number of aspects involved in the process of social construction of the concept of justice were considered, such as the role of the legal system in Romanian society, the level of transparency of the legal system, the implementation of ethics in Romanian legal system, the level of perceived remuneration of Romanian legal system etc. The research was conducted in the Northeastern region of Romania, based on sociological inquiry through questionnaire. The thematic axes of the questionnaire aimed: the sources of public information on the functioning of the legal system, the perceived level of professionalism of the personnel in the legal system, the public perception on integrity and the observance of ethical standards in the legal system, the level of remuneration in Romanian legal system, the respect for the state of law in Romania, the trust in the component institutions of the legal system in Romania.

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THE INNOVATION EFFICIENCY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE – AN INPUT-OUTPUT COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN CZECH REPUBLIC, HUNGARY, POLAND AND ROMANIA

THE INNOVATION EFFICIENCY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE – AN INPUT-OUTPUT COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN CZECH REPUBLIC, HUNGARY, POLAND AND ROMANIA

Author(s): Alexandru FOTIA,Cezar Teclean / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The aim of this paper is to investigate the innovation efficiency in Central and Eastern Europe by performing an input-output approach using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). R&D government spending and total R&D personnel stand for inputs and patent applications and high-tech exports stand for innovation outputs. We performed a comparative analysis between Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Romania using a 10 year-time span (2007-2016). We demonstrated that over time the innovation efficiency has improved (both regarding technical efficiency and scale efficiency) in all the four countries under scrutiny. Moreover, our research showed that the most efficient country was Hungary which balanced properly between the efforts of supporting innovation and its benefits due to reaping its positive effects in terms of high-tech exports and patent creation.

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THE IMPORTANCE OF PARTNERSHIPS IN SUPPLY CHAINS

THE IMPORTANCE OF PARTNERSHIPS IN SUPPLY CHAINS

Author(s): Anja Kmetec,Bojan Rosi,Sonja Mlaker Kač / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The article deals with a overview of various theories and studies examining the concepts of partnerships, relationships and strategic alliances. We present various perspectives and theories dealing with these concepts, in connection and interdependence with the supply chain and the supply chain management. In conclusion, we try to establish a model to become the basis for our further study of strategic alliances and their strengths.

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Digital Colonization: Development of Digital Platforms in the Context of a Pandemic

Digital Colonization: Development of Digital Platforms in the Context of a Pandemic

Author(s): Olga Vladimirovna Gavrilenko,Anna Valer’yevna Markeeva / Language(s): English Issue: 1 Sup 2/2020

The Corona Virus Pandemic has promoted radical forms of digital transformation in all over the world; has exacerbated the problems associated with the colonization of economic and social space by digital platforms. The strengthening of digital platforms in the economies of countries leads to the monopolization of markets and limits the possibilities of traditional (non-platform) organizations. "Platform ideology" is becoming dominant for managerial systems at the macro and micro levels. This process will inevitably lead to acute political crises due to the destruction of the "institutionalized reciprocity" between business and population, business and government. Digital platforms are transforming people's daily lives and colonizing social space. Now, it is necessary to create such conditions and ways that in the post-pandemic world, the opinions and interests of citizens, traditional businesses, and public organizations are taken into account in the process of reviewing key rules of life.

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Digital skills and Labour Market Resilience

Digital skills and Labour Market Resilience

Author(s): Ana-Maria Zamfir,Anamaria Beatrice Aldea / Language(s): English Issue: 1 Sup 2/2020

Coronavirus pandemic has affected millions of workers and companies around the world. Movement of people has been restricted nationwide or in limited areas. Social distancing measures have impacted labour markets in a great extent as numerous sectors and economic activities have been temporally closed or restricted. Developed and emergent economies have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic and important contractions are expected by analysts and authorities. Lives of workers have been impacted in a number of ways, varying from job loss to shifting to remote work. This paper aims to explore potential transformations of the labour markets in and post-pandemic times and the role of digital skills. It is argued that the telework and ICT-based mobile work will support labour market resilience during and after the coronavirus outbreak. In this sense, digital skills will become more important and existing gaps can affect recovery.

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Održivi razvoj grada Sabrata u Libiji - mogućnosti i strategija

Održivi razvoj grada Sabrata u Libiji - mogućnosti i strategija

Author(s): Mohamed Alharary Aboub / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 16/2018

This paper explores the possibilities of sustainable development of Sabratha in Libya. It starts from the basic views on the sustainable development of the society, and then there are some opinions about the sustainable development of cities. The second part of the paper analyses the situation in the city of Sabratha after civil war in Libya in 2011. The final part of the paper suggests the principles, goals and elements on which the future strategy for the sustainable development of the city of Sabratha will be based.

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Sustainable development of the city of Sabratha in Libya – strategy and possibilities

Sustainable development of the city of Sabratha in Libya – strategy and possibilities

Author(s): Mohamed Alharary Aboub / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2018

This paper explores the possibilities of sustainable development of Sabratha in Libya. It starts from the basic views on the sustainable development of the society, and then there are some opinions about the sustainable development of cities. The second part of the paper analyses the situation in the city of Sabratha after civil war in Libya in 2011. The final part of the paper suggests the principles, goals and elements on which the future strategy for the sustainable development of the city of Sabratha will be based.

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Evaluarea nevoilor populației prin metoda normativă: România 1989-2018

Evaluarea nevoilor populației prin metoda normativă: România 1989-2018

Author(s): Adina Mihăilescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

This article analyzes some concepts to argue why the quality of life in Romania is far from what was desired in the early nineties. Its presents the normative method that helps us to validate the consumption of the population by covering at minimum the essential goods and services necessary for the individual, and his family, at home and in society. Next part presents us a dynamic of social policy measures which fluctuates the main incomes of the population in the 1990-2018 time interval, and their influence on consumption. The last part of the study concludes: what are the needs of the population and to what extent they were satisfied, or not, within the time period studied. During the period of time 1990-2018 the incomes of the various families with children and pensioners could not keep up with the price increases on the products and services on the market. This has resulted in time deterioration in the quality of life of these families. The incomes or spendings of the population provide clear and concrete situation on the quality of life of the population and thus help to take action, through socio-economic policies oriented towards the benefit of the members of those companies. Household incomes are extremely sensitive to adverse developments in the economy, as well as to the failures of the national and world markets. The gap between Romanians and other Europeans incomes is determined by differences in the level and structure of employment but also of the wage policies adopted.

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Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Gender Invariance in a Romanian Undergraduates Sample

Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Gender Invariance in a Romanian Undergraduates Sample

Author(s): Beatrice Adriana Balgiu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Gender Invariance in a Romanian Undergraduates Sample

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