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Information and Communication Technology Applications and the Mediatization of Social Inclusion

Author(s): Edwin Ferger / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) has become a topic of growing importance. On the basis of the internet as a wide spread standard interaction media, numerous applications using information and communications technology (ICT) have been developed for AAL. From a sociological perspective these developments can be considered as attempts targeting at social inclusion. How these technologies should be installed: is the highest technical level the optimum, or is an adaptation to the present level of personal abilities of understanding and behaviour to be preferred?

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Анализ на предизвикателствата и възможностите пред стопанските организации в област Велико Търново за трудова интеграция на лица с интелектуални затруднения

Author(s): Anna Velikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

Employing people with intellectual disabilities in work involves providing them with the opportunity to participate in the work process and perform duties within their capabilities. This is part of the concept of workplace inclusivity, which promotes diversity, equality and acceptance of all workers, including those with disabilities or disabilities. In this way, an opportunity is created for these people to integrate into society, develop professional skills and achieve independence. This can contribute to increasing the self-confidence and self-esteem of people with intellectual disabilities, expanding their social network and inclusion in the community, as well as involving a large group of people in the work process.

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Анализ на политиките по заетостта в Република Северна Македония

Author(s): Aleksandar Krstevski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

One of the most important priorities of the state is to monitor the level of employment. Therefore, it leads active policies and creates opportunities to reduce unemployment. Unemployment by definition shows the economic development of a country. The Republic of North Macedonia, especially in recent years, has implemented many policies that allow the unemployment rate to decrease, but it is still far from the desired level. Given that the Republic of North Macedonia is on the verge of joining the European Union, it must seriously engage in policies that mean reducing unemployment through the implementation of effective action plans and active policies.

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Utilization of Islamic Financial Instruments for Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Households in Nigeria

Author(s): Yusuff Jelili Amuda,Sanaa Elshaarawy / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2024

Predominant poverty has affected many households in Nigeria and little focus of attention is given to the utilization of Islamic financial instruments in addressing the challenges of poverty and sustainable household in the country. The study attempts to fill the gap in the existing literature concerning the utilization of Islamic financial instruments for poverty reduction and sustainable households in the country. Qualitative research method with an emphasis on critical content analysis was utilized. Materials or different sources were used whereby journals, online peer review, and library sources were considered for in-depth analysis of Islamic financial instruments for poverty reduction and sustainable households in attaining vision 2030 in the country. Adequate implementations of various Islamic financial instruments that would create room for inclusion through which low-income families or families in poverty would experience sus-tainable standard of living through an efficient Islamic financial instrument for their empowerment. Hence, it will ex-pand the scope and understanding of Islamic financial instruments in the context of Nigeria. In so doing, there would be basis for restructuring the economic conditions of households experiencing an abject poverty by ensuring that their liv-ing conditions are improved for better. An emphasis on the judicious utilization of Islamic financial instruments espe-cially towards sustainable households in the country is an integral part of expanding the understanding about the effi-ciency of Islamic financial instruments in the society. Central bank of Nigeria has issued a drafted framework for ap-plication of Islamic financial instruments and operation of Islamic banking system and less attention is given to the ap-plication of Islamic financial instruments in the country. This paper therefore has tried to provide explanation for the application of utilizing Islamic financial instruments for poverty reduction and sustainable households in the country.

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Social Support and the Rehabilitation of Convicts in Calabar Correctional Service Centre, Cross River State, Nigeria

Author(s): Fidelis Ngaji Akwaji,Emeka Josephat Owan,Ahakiri Francis Idiege,Ibrahim Muhammad Hassan,Opara Ikechukwu Jonathan,Abonor, Lazarus Bassey,Abang Paul Eno,William Okon Williams,Etta Oyen Etta,Chimaobi Okorie,Felix O. Eteng,Chiaka Patience Denwigwe / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2024

This study examined the nexus between social support and rehabilitation of convicts. Social support for convicts has not received adequate research interest in Nigeria within the field of corrections. This is because correctional administrators have not acknowledged the importance of social support to the adjustment pattern and rehabilitation of convicts. Literature on social support is western based. This study will contribute in narrowing the methodological gap created by dearth of literature on social support. Survey design was used for the study. The study used 318 respondents as its sample. Data collection was carried out using structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis involved the use of the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) and simple percentage. The study's results indicated a significant relationship between family, administrative and convicts supports and rehabilitation. Thus, it was recommended amongst others that; the family which is the basic unit of the society should always support one another.

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Re-Designing Social Worker Role During World Inflation Spillovers

Author(s): Dunya Ahmed / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2024

Inflation affects vulnerable groups more, governments and NGOs used to support them via social welfare system, where social workers did case studies and ensured fairness. However, with inflation; governments fail to keep up with it, the role of social workers will be more essential and complex. More people will need social workers to be proactive, where there is more need for services and social protection. Methodology is to re-evaluate the criteria of social worker's role to foresight demands and recommend an international governing guidance. Implication shows the need for re-evaluating to help stabilise families during inflation. A framework is proposed to utilise welfare to support vulnerable groups and social workers' roles, preparing them for crises such as inflation and having future foresight in social problems.

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Болничните параклиси като средоточие за извършване дела на милосърдието в здравните заведения

Author(s): Veselina Boteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

Hospital Eastern Orthodox chapels, public state property, in the municipality and city of Plovdiv. Organization and provision through a hospital chaplaincy institution of social and charitable assistance, spiritual support to people in difficult life situations, as well as to provide comprehensive support aimed at medical, social, material, financial, spiritual and other assistance to people in need.

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The Role of Complementary Currencies in Enhancing Social and Economic Welfare: The Case of Afghanistan

Author(s): Ahmad Naqib Ahmadi,Abdelkader Laallam,Aghilasse Kashi,Osama Elsayed Abdelmaksoud Fathelbab / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2024

Complementary currencies are alternative units of exchange designed to complement official currencies. They have been used in both developed and developing countries to bridge societal and economic gaps that are inadequately addressed by official monetary systems. This paper explores the potential for Afghanistan to implement complementary currencies and the challenges it may face in this process. A qualitative research approach is employed, using analogical methods and content analysis to assess the potential advantages that complementary currencies could offer Afghanistan. The findings suggest that complementary currencies could significantly contribute to Afghanistan’s economic and social welfare, particularly in addressing gaps in resource distribution. The paper emphasizes critical success factors for the introduction of complementary currencies in Afghanistan, notably the need for political will, government support, legal frameworks, public awareness, and international cooperation. This study is the first to address the potential for complementary currencies in Afghanistan, highlighting its importance and forecasting its contribution to enhancing the financial system in the country.

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Impacts of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Social Problems and Poverty of the Elderly in Slovakia

Author(s): Pavol Tománek,Libuša Radková,Szilvia Buzalová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This article analyses the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the social problems and poverty of the elderly. Quarantine measures caused increased isolation, loneliness, psychological problems and limited access to medical care, which negatively affected their physical and mental health. The demographic shift towards an aging population presents seniors with complex challenges, including the struggle to meet basic needs and live on the poverty line. These related problems, associated with a lack of attention from the environment, have a negative impact on their quality of life. In the article, we analyse the state of poverty development, based on current statistics. The current isolation, loneliness and loss of independence are intertwined with low income and the possibility of institutionalization, which has increased with the advent of the pandemic situation and the economic crisis.

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RECIDIVISM CAN SERIOUSLY HARM SOCIETY

Author(s): Liviu TOADER / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Deviance in Romania is an important social problem, a phenomenon that constantly leads to research and studies aimed at analysing both the deviant behaviours of minors, young people and adults, with a view to explaining them, as well as the ways of state intervention in preventing and combating crime. A social problem, such as deviance, can affect social structure and organisation, generating reactions, attitudes, behaviours and opinions such as: What is deviance? Why does it exist? Who is responsible for its appearance? How much does it cost us? What can be done about the reduction of the phenomenon? The notion of deviance can not be understood outside the deviant's interaction with those who judge him. The punishment is becoming an essential function of public authority, for in its absence social cohesion could not be conceived, and public coerciveness is converted in this way into a constituent element of organised society. As a special form of crime, recidivism is one of the most serious social problems facing contemporary societies. Reducing recidivism remains not only an indicator of the effectiveness of structures that have target groups of prisoners or former prisoners, but also an indicator of community health. In order to support the criminally sanctioned persons, with the predilection of those released from prison it is necessary to build an institutional framework to support the former prisoner towards a positive change, from the attitude of 'to be given to me, to me' towards one of active and concrete preparation of a life away from the crime, with the active involvement of the community and institutions with the role of crime control.

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INCREASING THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE ELDERLY THROUGH HORTICULTURE THERAPY

Author(s): George-Cosmin BUTURĂ / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Horticultural therapy can be implemented in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable way of achieving these goals. Studies on the use of green spaces in mental health care have shown a positive result, with a cumulative association between access and quality of life through the use of green spaces and lower scores on psychological measures of stress (Pope et al, 2015: 33), the major determinants being accessibility green space, with enough green spaces in the neighborhood and theirs for relaxation and recreation. Similarly, van den Berg et al. (2016: 187) showed a positive association in spending time in green spaces and better scores on mental health and vitality scales. Nutsford et al (2013: 49) suggested that green spaces are beneficial for mental health, especially in the case of anxiety and mood disorders, both through the participation of people in activities in green spaces that can be used near the home and in terms of the proportion of usable spaces. green in a neighborhood. Similarly, positive effects on general health were found by Dadvand et al (2016: 112). It is particularly relevant for an inpatient population is a study that identified the benefits of bringing horticultural therapy into patients' spaces in a dementia population (Maller, C. et al, 2005: 64).

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FELICIA ANDRIONI (COORD.). INFLUENȚA PANDEMIEI GENERATE DE CORONAVIRUS ASUPRA DIVERSELOR CATEGORII DE POPULAȚIE

Author(s): Gabriela Motoi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Review of: Felicia Andrioni (coord.). Influența pandemiei generate de Coronavirus asupra diverselor categorii de populație, Craiova: Sitech, 2021, 230p.

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TRAUMATIC EFFECTS OF REFUGEES IN THE EU

Author(s): Adrian Otovescu,Karimi Paykar / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

A refugee travels thousands of miles because he wants to escape from a country where there is war, where he might be tortured, and finally arrives in a place where he is somewhat safe but not welcome. What needs does this man have besides food and shelter? The need is to regain some humanity after all the experience he is going through. During the course of history, individuals have migrated from one place to another. People try to reach European shores for different reasons and by different routes. They seek legal ways, but also risk their lives, to escape political oppression, war, and poverty, as well as to reunite their families and in search of entrepreneurial opportunities, knowledge, and education. Each migrant has their own story. Misleading and clichéd scenarios often tend to focus only on certain types of migration flows, ignoring the inherent complexity of this phenomenon, which impacts society in many different ways and requires a diversity of responses. The immediate imperative is to protect people in need. We have all been shocked by the tragedy of the thousands of migrants who put their lives at risk to cross the Mediterranean Sea.

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ADVANCEMENTS IN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH: OUTCOMES OF THE i-RESTORE PROJECTS IN ALBANIA, GREECE, ESTONIA, ROMANIA AND THE NETHERLANDS

Author(s): Cecilia Popa / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This article outlines the outcomes, present state, and strategies for progressing toward a more restorative society as demonstrated by the i-RESTORE projects. Within the justice system, restorative justice has been found to decrease re-offending rates by as much as 27%, and it often leaves victims feeling content with the process. In educational settings, restorative practices promote respect among students, facilitate conflict resolution, and address issues like bullying and school violence. In the community, mediation services serve as a valuable resource, illustrating how individuals can independently resolve their conflicts with the guidance of skilled professionals. The i-RESTORE 2.0 project, executed between 2022 and 2024, extends the work initiated during the first phase of the i-RESTORE project, which took place from 2019 to 2021. Phase I concentrated on encouraging the adoption of restorative justice in cases involving child victims of crime and enhancing the skills of justice professionals. Building upon the achievements of the initial project, i-RESTORE 2.0 was developed with the aim of advancing even further, striving to establish accessible and high-quality restorative justice procedures for children who come into contact with the justice system. Up to this point, the two projects have influenced more than 8,000 individuals, heightening their understanding of restorative justice processes. Furthermore, through project initiatives, over 500 justice professionals and policymakers have improved their competencies and expertise in the realm of restorative justice, while over 80 children and young people have been empowered to actively contribute to the promotion of restorative solutions.

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Inicijative socijalnog rada u radu sa ranjivim društvenim grupama u kriznom, ratnom i posleratnom kontekstu: istraživanje i rezultati

Author(s): Buda Methadžović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: Spec./2024

This research paper examines the role and effectiveness of social work initiatives in Montenegro in providing support to vulnerable social groups during crises, wars, and post-war periods. Employing a mixed research method, including literature analysis, in-depth interviews with social workers, and surveys of affected group members, the study focuses on strategies to improve the lives of these groups in challenging times. It is concluded that social work initiatives are crucial for enhancing the living conditions of vulnerable groups, emphasizing the need for resources, social worker training, and collaboration with relevant stakeholders. Timely intervention is paramount, and the research provides valuable insights for further improving policies and practices in social work to support these groups in crisis and post-conflict situations.

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Домети добротворног деловања: о раду Материнског удружења (1904–1941)

Author(s): Aleksandra Petrović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 14/2024

Review of: Материнско удружење / Јасмина В. Милановић. – Београд: Институт за савремену историју: Еволута, 2023 (Земун: Бирограф). - 293. стр.: илустр.; 22 цм. – ISBN - 978-86-7403-277-0; 978-86-80912-63-9.

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A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of 'Code White' Reporting in a University Hospital on the Extent of Violence in Healthcare Settings

Author(s): Nevzat Devebakan,Hazel Bağci,Hanife Sariçam,Neslihan Sari / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The objective of this study was to examine and contrast the incidence of violence reported by White Code in a university hospital in Turkey and to analyse the phenomenon of workplace violence in terms of related variables. The study included 477 cases of violence against health workers reported between 2018 and 2023. The data were collected using a complete census method. Descriptive statistics and a chi-square test were employed for the statistical evaluation. Results: The majority of those subjected to violence were doctors (69.6%). The emergency services were the setting in which violence was encountered most frequently (51.6%). It was observed that physicians were exposed to verbal violence more than other occupational groups. There was a difference between years according to the type of violence, and violence was mostly caused by miscommunication. Consequently, it would be beneficial to adopt a multidisciplinary approach to the evaluation of the consequences of violence on healthcare professionals.

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PERSPEKTIVE PREVENTIVNIH PROGRAMA U SUSTAVU SOCIJALNE SKRBI FEDERACIJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE

Author(s): Karolina Tadić-Lesko / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2024

Prevention is defined differently depending on the scientific and professional context. In essence, prevention empowers individuals, groups and systems to solve problems and difficulties, promotes the protection of human rights, encourages the choice of healthy lifestyles and prosocial behavior, prevents unacceptable social behaviors and/or reduces their intensity. This paper aims to analyze the existing capacities for prevention in the social legislation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with special emphasis on areas for the improvement of preventive interventions (and programs). The analysis of the social legislation of the FB&H indicated capacities for the application of preventive interventions and programs aimed at children and families, the application of the restorative justice model, the prevention of domestic violence, the development of foster care, and mode to prevent high-conflict divorces, as well. The same analysis showed that the terms “prevention”, “deterrence” and “suppression” are rarely used in local legislation, and there are no instructions for the implementation of (preventive) activities; moreover, there are no regulations for the implementation of preventive interventions, while possible preventive activities represent measures and procedures from jurisdiction. In the analysis of local and foreign literature, there are strong points for the implementation of preventive interventions (and programs) through services for preventive work and/or the application of an integrated approach to prevention through specialized family centers in order to improve preventive efficiency in the social welfare system as well as the community, which represents a significant step towards providing preventive services, increasing social inclusion and improving the quality of life of their users.

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USE OF AN AI-BASED DIGITAL PREDICTION MODEL FOR THE EVALUATION OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE IN TERMS OF ACCESSIBILITY AND EFFICIENT URBAN MOVEMENT FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

Author(s): Dimitrios Sfounis,Dimitrios Kolovos,Antonios Kostas,Ioannis Tsoukalidis,Anastasios Karasavvoglou / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Purpose: Ensuring accessible urban infrastructure remains a challenge to inclusive societies and equal participation of people with disabilities in economic, cultural & social life and is thus a stunting factor in economic development. This paper proposes using an Artificial Intelligence-based model for evaluating accessibility in urban infrastructure towards identifying & predicting problematic areas in the existing or future built environment. The objective is to describe a reliable and extensible model capable of detecting mobility-problematic areas, evaluating the quality of urban infrastructure, proposing alternative routes and creating the base of a holistic detection and evaluation digital tool for better urban planning and efficient application of European Social Policies. Methodology: The research identifies obstacle and difficulty components useful within a Digital AI system via structured interviews performed with members of 2 key organizations in social development and inclusion in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Findings: The set of obstacles and difficulties is aggregated in a vector of solvable difficulties suitable for an AI system. Additionally, we propose methodologies for collecting and comparing data from predefined pilot routes between people with disabilities and the general population to build an initial training dataset for a continuous decision-making and evaluation AI system. Originality: Research originality is derived from combining Artificial Intelligence with the sector of computational evaluation of material infrastructure, as perceived by humans with disabilities, and as a tool of increased economic activity. It additionally defines key obstacles perceived by PwDs that are sufficiently measurable and subsequently solvable by AI.

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Parental interference in custody variation proceedings: a forensic psychology perspective

Author(s): Pedro V. Mateo-Fernández,Iria de la Osa Subtil / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2024

Parental interference in judicial proceedings for variation of custody arrangements is a phenomenon that profoundly impacts family dynamics and the well-being of children. This article addresses this issue from the perspective of forensic psychological assessment, highlighting the critical importance of a thorough and rigorous analysis in these contexts. Custody variation, whether physical or legal, often generates tension and conflict between parents, which can lead to parental interference behaviors. These interferences can manifest themselves in a variety of ways, including emotional manipulation of children, denigration of the other parent, and obstruction of parenting time. The relevance of this article lies in the need to understand how these interferences affect both the children and the adults involved, and the importance of having accurate and objective psychological assessments to inform court decision-making. The work of the forensic psychologist is essential in these processes, providing an unbiased assessment based on standardized techniques and tools to identify harmful family dynamics and their impact on the psychological well-being of children. Throughout this article, the importance of early intervention and the implementation of effective strategies to mitigate parental interference is highlighted. In addition, recommendations for courts and other legal professionals on how to appropriately integrate findings from psychological evaluations into judicial decision making are highlighted. Ultimately, this approach seeks to promote the well-being of children and ensure that custody decisions are based on the best interests of the child, informed by rigorous and detailed forensic psychological evaluations.

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