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Political reality often changes human life. It gives opportunity to make unchangeable choice. Life on the border or between two borders sometimes becomes a habitual event. The dynamic transformations in human life are presented through the prism of the personal fate of two significant figures of the Bulgarian public life from the middle of the XX century - Esto Vezenkov and Boyan Mihailov.
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The article in general follows the path of ethnological science in Bulgaria in order to highlight the changes in the discipline at the level of university readings. In brief, the path of the discipline is presented from the bottom up - from the collection of cultural artifacts to the construction of the science as a university discipline. As a result, there is a breakdown of ethnology from the applied sphere. Today the experience of different institutions to bring ethnology back to the bottom of the educational process - primary and secondary education – is fact. Public and cultural dynamics impose a need for our own and foreign cultures to have a real effect in building a personal level of sense of self-dignity, initiating tolerant and empathic behavior. The shaping and codification of ethnology as a science results in this distance, and the return path is imposed by the new dynamics of social and cultural reality in Bulgaria.
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Writing is a main component in second language acquisition. Writing skills are basic and include creating texts, which are assessed acording to the following criteria: content, organization and cohesion, range, register, target language, accuracy of language. The writing task, which results are analysed in this article, is partially constrained by presenting foreign students with initial and final sentences. The students were instructed to write several sentences in between those two which, when taken all together, would form a good text.
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The author supports the thesis that reading has an important place in Bulgarian lessons at primary school level. In support of that are presented practically tested diagnostic tools for measuring reading skills at the beginning and at the end of second class grade.
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It is well-known that today’s Bulgarian education suffers from serious deficits that prevent it from functioning at the level of modern requirements. That is why there is an urgent need for qualitative and effective changes to prevent spiritual and intellectual mutilation of future generations. There are not many things in the educational system that are useful and beneficial, but also ones that turn children into blind and deaf slave to the facts. Students think that they are thinking, but in reality only rearranging their prejudices.
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Законска заштита радника, на територији данашњег нашег краљевства, постојала je и пре Светског Рата, само што je била реализована путем више разних закона, услед чега се je она доста разликовала, како no својој врсти тако и no своме обиму, no крајевима наше данашње државе. Ha територији која je до окончања Рата припадала Аустроугарској Монархији, она je поглавито била спроведена кроз разне обртне законе, a на територији предратне Србије кроз Закон о Радњама.
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The paper offers a new interpretation on Rousseau in the context of Richard Rorty’s concepts on the philosophy of language and the linguistic turn developed at the end of the 20th century. The classical interpretation of Rousseau’s ideas of freedom in view of upbringing as a rule juxtaposes nature and culture. The present paper argues that this opposition can be overcome through the application of the metaphor approach to both upbringing and the value-neutral character of language. In this sense the question to be answered is how the languages of the teacher and of the student co-exist in Rousseau’s ideas and what the mechanism is that turns these languages into means of upbringing. The research employs arguments in favour of the hypothesis that in terms of the metaphor of “upbringing” created by Rousseau in Emile or on Education, the concepts language of nature and language of society overlap.
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The aim of this article is to illuminate and explore one core set of frames, constructed and mobilized by the respective activist organizations, around the issues of in-fertility and assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) in Bulgaria. It argues that these frames are organized predominantly around the notion of “deservedness” of parenthood or, in other words, through the present and future investments of these parents (wannabe or actual) in the common societal and national enterprise. Since they have numerous resources to invest, they are citizens, deserving parenthood. In this representation, we clearly see how the individual struggle with one biological characteristic and the suffering it brings are interpreted in an economic regime of exchange, functioning in the same time as a normative order of parenthood and citizenship.
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The increase of expenses of the National insurance institute for payments of disability pensions is a frequently discussed topic in the media space in the last 10 years. People talk about „fake disabled people“ and corruption in Territory Expert Medical Commission (TEMC). The aim of the article is to make clear of the motives of the Bulgarian citizens in front of the commissions. The reasons and the difficulties of the procedure for expert decision are researched. The opinion of 612 people with disability is researched per personally made quest. The motives to go in front of TEMC – taxes reliefs, disability pension and social benefits, can be seen in the answers of 91.1% from all unemployed respondents. A difficulty is the return with a request for additional documents from 41.9% from all respondents with a certain disability. In the results of the research are formed citizen consciousness and education, directed only towards the social role of TEMC without the need of implementation of the healing and preventive functions.
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The article highlights the complexity of the concept of health culture, based on different understandings and opinions about health. The connection and the dependence of the problem with the strategy of the World Health Organization on the promotion of health in a different social environment, and in the school. It emphasized the need for a purposeful formation of the students‘ health culture. The essence of the main factors that determine it is revealed.
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This edition is devoted to different aspects of the institution of the specialised healthcare ombudsman and the possibilities for its introduction in Bulgaria. The publication contains an overview of the good practices and the experience in the United Kingdom, Australia, Switzerland and Israel. The edition includes also a detailed summary of a discussion in relation with two draft laws concerning the institution of the health ombudsman and the comments and the recommendations on them of the experts of the Center for the Study of Democracy.
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Demographic aging, which is increasingly becoming a reality in the Republic of North Macedonia, brings challenges for the development of appropriate social services, according to the needs of the elderly, but also the need to acquire and deepen the knowledge of professionals who provide these services. All this is imposed as a need for one purpose and that is to meet the needs of the elderly. The professional development of social protection professionals in the Republic of North Macedonia is part of a comprehensive process that seeks to follow European trends for continuous professional development. However, the fact that the development of social services for the elderly in North Macedonia follows experiences increased dynamics in recent years, and is expected to develop faster with the reformed social protection system from 2019, imposes the need to study the knowledge whereby professionals enter the provision of social services, as well as the need to expand and deepen them. This paper is aimed at studying the knowledge of professionals who provide social services to the elderly, and the results of quantitative research conducted with professionals, indicate the need to strengthen them during vocational education and the process of continuous professional development.
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During 2017 a pilot study was conducted in Bulgaria on the subject of “The Importance of Learning, Analyzing the Perspectives of Teachers, Parents and Students”. It aims to identify the key factors that influence children’s learning in a predefined region with a specific population profile. The article traces the influence of hereditary predictors on the level of education and draws conclusions based on the results.
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Russia is undergoing a reform of its child welfare system. The general aim of the reform is deinstitutionalization. This implies fundamental changes at the ideological and institutional levels to redesign the system of residential care for children left without parental care and to develop a system of family placement. Based on expert interviews, the article examines the institutional logic of the reform implementation, presenting expert opinions on how care should be organized for children left without parental care in terms of ideals of care, as well as institutional structure (location of care, agents involved in care, and resources available to those agents). As a theoretical framework we use the neoinstitutional approach, in particular, the theory of social learning and the strategic interaction approach. The article identifies main players in the reform arena (state residential institutions, NGOs, and foster families), as well as the discursive strategies they use to legitimize their role, action strategies, their ideas about children’s well-being, and ideas about how childcare should ideally be arranged. We identify three competing ideal care models: paternalistic, quasi-liberal, and familial. These models present paradigmatic directions of deinstitutionalization of care for children left without parental care, resulting from the current reforms the child welfare system.
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The objective of surveys commissioned by State Agency for Child Protection was to register changes in the first three years of implementation of the National Child Strategy to summarize assessments of target groups and the general public on the key priorities of the National Strategy, to establish whether they meet the support and understanding by the general public and of specific groups associated with its implementation, to recognize the knowledge and progress in achieving the main objectives of the overall policy on child protection.
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The objective of surveys commissioned by State Agency for Child Protection was to register changes in the first three years of implementation of the National Child Strategy to summarize assessments of target groups and the general public on the key priorities of the National Strategy, to establish whether they meet the support and understanding by the general public and of specific groups associated with its implementation, to recognize the knowledge and progress in achieving the main objectives of the overall policy on child protection.
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The text highlights the trend towards a reduction in school and kindergarten budgets over the last 10 years. According to the author, due to the limited possibilities of municipalities, the problem of further reduction of those budgets remains a major commitment of the state. Proposals in support of schools and kindergartens in their fiscal activities and in ensuring a normal learning process are also formulated.
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International organisations, national governments and human rights NGOs exercise various types of monitoring of the penitentiary systems. In order to quantify their results, there are some generally accepted indicators (such as the number of inmates per 100.000 citizens), but in many specific areas like healthcare, employment, security and safety, such indicators have never been applied. Therefore, those monitoring efforts will substantially benefit from an instrument capable of supplying comparable and easy-to-use data on the situation in prisons. To address this need, the Center for the Study of Democracy, in cooperation with the Dortmund University of Applied Sciences and Arts, the Observatory on the Penal System and Human Rights with the University of Barcelona, the Law Institute of Lithuania and Association Droit au Droit, developed a Prison Conditions Monitoring Index (PCMI) – a system of indicators translating into comparable figures the situation in different prisons. In the end of 2014, the PCMI was piloted in several prisons in Bulgaria, Germany and Lithuania to test its operability and analyse the potential use of the results it generates. The present report elaborates on the methodology underlying the PCMI and offers a summary of the results of its pilot implementation. It is intended for a broad audience of readers including policy makers, prison staff, lawyers, social workers, academics and NGOs interested in the topic of prison monitoring.
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