Степен на формираност на езиковите компетентности у учениците от втори клас

Author(s): Desislava Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2017

Second grade pupils show a high level of language competence formation in line with the second grade curriculum. There is a statistically significant difference in the achievements of girls and boys. Pupils have mastered the syntax knowledge and skills to a very high level. They show lower morphology results: they have mastered spelling knowledge of voiced consonants in the end of the word, as well as spell-checking skills, but they find it difficult to check the spelling of an unstressed vowel, especially if the word is plural; they are able to distinguish the studied parts of speech, define their grammatical gender category and differentiate between singular and plural forms.

Сучасні тенденції розвитку зарубіжних пенсійних систем

Author(s): Valentina Tropina / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 33/2017

Subject of research – pension systems of foreign countries.Aim of research is to determine regularities in the process changing of modern foreign pension models.Methods of research. Author applied set of scientific methods of research, inter alia analysis and comparison – while studying foreign experience of pension provision; theoretical synthesis, systemic and structural methods - while determining contemporary tendencies in the process of reforming pension systems.Results of research. Grounding on the analysis of the pension models used by western countries at the contemporary stage of civilization development, general tendencies in the processes of reforming of pension systems caused by demographic, economic and political factors are defined. For instance they are:, carrying out of the indexation of pensions in correlation with possibilities of country's budget; planned increase of retirement age taking into account parameters of health of pensioners, according to the results of relevant studies, and taking into account increasing figures of lifetime in the country, flexible definition of the period of living out;funding of state-guaranteed pensions in expense of general taxes; increasing of role and participation of the employee in composition of his/her future of pensions, stipulation of ownership rights on the generated savingsfor the employee; creation of a culture of pension savings as prerequisite for the development of voluntary forms of accumulation; correlation of record of service with the size of state-guaranteed payments. Experience of countries that occupy leading place in the rank of index of sustainability of pension systems is investigated. It is established that pension models combining state pension (which provides minimum essential standard of living)and strong accumulation part are the most resistant to the risk factors in the sphere of pension provision.Application of results. Results of this study can be applied in the practice of reform of national pension systems.Conclusions. Analysis of pension systems in foreign countries and trends of their development confirms the necessity of reforming national models of pension provision, taking into account the degree of development of the economy, pension system and the state of its institutions, but general patterns of these reforms are:restructuring of state pension provision in the direction of reducing state expenditures on the pension system (in particular, payment of minimum pensions by the state from the budget in account of tax revenues); development of cumulative pension system and private pension funds; if necessary privatization of separate parts of pension programs, provision of possibility of diversified investment for available trust or create new ones; changing of the base of pensions calculation, taking into account downward trend in employment in automated production.

Съвременната класна стая, или защо смартфоните не са враг на учителя

Author(s): Desislava Kumanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The author examines the thesis that the modern teacher must learn from the changed children living world and make the learning environment more familiar and comfortable. For example - to allow students to use their mobile phones as calculators or to make presentation on a computer. Thus the traditional classroom will become comfortable not only for teachers but for their students also.

Състояние на хигиенните здравни грижи в УМБАЛ „Канев” – Русе, МБАЛ – Шумен и МБАЛ – Благоевград

Author(s): Despina Georgieva,Sonya Toncheva,Rositsa Doynovska,Greta Koleva,Irinka Hristova,Mariyana Bacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3-4/2018

The professional activities of the clinical nurse are an important risk factor for the rise of infections due to medical service (IDMS), since a great part of them are due to direct contact with the patients.The basic hygienic care is part of the risky activities for the rise of infections, if it does not correspond to the standards of quality and safety.This study has shown a negative tendency to refuse to perform hygiene care, which poses a serious challenge to their optimization.The introduced alternative methods of hygiene for the severely ill in European hospitals, waterless bathing or dry bathing, significantly reduce the risk of infections, saves time, make the activity more attractive and increase the patients’ safety, comfort and satisfaction.

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ НАУЧНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ СИСТЕМОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ

Author(s): Klavdiya Nikolayevna Novikova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2013

The article deals with the development of theoretical and methodological foundations for sociological studies of welfare system management. Based on the analysis of scientific concepts of social management as well as taking into account Russian and foreign practices, this work substantiates the author’s understanding of the terms welfare system and welfare system management and describes the main system and structural elements of welfare system management, its areas, functions and principles. This lays the ground for further development of this topic in sociology.

Теоретико-практические аспекты планирования и организации работы с родителями в процессе социально-психологической реабилитации ребенка, оказавшегося в сложных жизненных обстоятеьствах в Украине

Author(s): Tetyana Melnichuk,Julia Udovenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2018

The article is devoted to the learning of the specificity of content and social--psychological work with parents who find themselves in difficult circumstances, in the rehabilitation process of children at the institutions of social protection, shelters for children's, the socio-psychological rehabilitation centers. In the article have been discovered the content and process components of rehabilitation for working with the children and their exposed in the situation, when the child's stay in the unfavorable conditions of socialization. It was determined that the most important terms of the effectiveness of the child and its closest social environment in a situation is planning and forecasting work, when the child stays in the social security institution. Authors have been developed conceptual approaches to individual planning of work with children and families who find themselves in difficult circumstances, in the process of social and psychological rehabilitation. Proposed the individual components of planning with the child and his or her parents or persons substituting them, based on an assessment of the needs of the child and his immediate social environment. It is proved that the primary stage of the work with the child is the primary and comprehensive assessment of the needs of the child, and his or her social environment. Concentrated attention of social workers, working psychologists on aim to correct formulation of rehabilitation of this category of children, that ensuring the effective and efficient approach to determine required types provide of the comprehensive social and psychological assistance to families.

Технология за повишаване на рецептивните и на продуктивните умения чрез прилагане на портфолио и самооценъчни карти в гимназиалния етап на обучението по български език

Author(s): Marina Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The present technology produces an exemplified effective model of a Bulgarian language lesson for enhancing the receptive and productive skills of the students in the high school stage of their Bulgarian language education. It is related to the tasks for reading with understanding and producing a thesis and a summary of information from source texts. The lesson structure is built on the principles of systemic, cyclical and repeatability, including various techniques and forms of work, so as to avoid monotony, boredom and the template. Essential components include the work with student portfolio on the subject and the self-assessment card of achievements and omissions. Since the lesson has a pronounced communicative orientation, its application stimulates knowledge and intelligence, develops the general culture of the student.

Трактат о социјалној правди и правичности

Author(s): Zoran Stojiljković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2018

Different understandings and interpretions of social justice are the subject of controversy precisely because they are impregnated, or we could even say contaminated, by various interest expectations and ideological meanings and readings. This paper focuses on the issue of sustainability of various strategies for reducing inequalities within the different concepts of a democratic and socially cohesive society. The first part of the paper aims to give an insight into the different understandings of social justice and the efforts to institutionally design and implement justice. The second part gives an overview of the current attempts to stop the growth of inequality. I argue that the widespread post-democratic reduction of democracy, in addition to increased economic inequalities, leads to the erosion of legal and political equality. Consequently, the already vicious, unequal world transforms in the dystopian caricature of a just society rather than in its utopia.

Трафик на деца сред уязвими общности

Author(s): Kamelia Dimitrova,Yva Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian

The current report looks at three specific forms of trafficking in persons: child trafficking for begging, for pickpocketing and for sexual exploitation of boys and the way they manifest themselves among Roma communities. The report examines the profiles of victims and discusses the vulnerability factors that make the Roma minority a particular group at risk. The study provides empirical knowledge on the mechanisms of recruitment and exploitation of victims in order to inform identification efforts and counter-trafficking responses. Particular attention is devoted to the policy and measures for assistance of victims. In this field, the report identifies specific gaps in assistance and the way they affect Roma victims in particular, and suggests how child victim assistance could be improved. The active involvement of Roma organisations in the research through participatory methods aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the risk factors involved, bring knowledge back to the communities and support Roma experts’ involvement in counter-trafficking policy and mechanisms.

Трендови редистрибуције благостања у европским државама благостања

Author(s): Suzana Mihajlović Babić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2017

The role of government in ensuring social security to citizens has been changing over time by expanding the scope of rights and balancing between family and market as alternative social security actors. In spite of changes, there is a belief that the European states today make a single European social model within which several divergent welfare state models exist. The global economic crisis in 2008 has differently influenced the reforms of the social security systems in Europe, but it has also brought certain approximation among liberal, corporative and social democratic European welfare states. Research shows that the largest share of social benefits spending in GDP has been recorded in the countries which do belong to the social democratic model, as well as that allocations for social security have grown in European countries after economic crisis in 2008. The distribution of costs according to social functions is stable in all three social models, while the prioritization of social benefits varies depending on the expected role of the state and the redistributive effect in individual countries within the social models. The largest share of social costs make the benefits in case of old age as well as disease and healthcare, while comparatively speaking, the function of social inclusion and housing functions take up the smallest share of costs in European countries. However, while there is convergence in the levels of social spending, and a relatively similar structure of allocation for social functions, by type of social benefits the social democratic model stands out insisting on the development of services rather than providing benefits in cash. This commitment of the social democratic model is most represented in family policies and policies of social inclusion. There is a growing convergence among social models with the function of unemployment, whereby countries invest more resources in the development of active employment policies. Financing of social benefits by employees and employers is most prominent in the corporate model where it is equated with state allocation, whereas in the liberal and social democratic model the majority of costs are covered by the state.

Трудно е да бъдеш различен

Author(s): Stefanka Pamporova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

The text shows interesting lessons in “Literature” and “The Hour of the Class” subjects in fifth grade. Detailed objectives, methodological approach, expected results, materials used, tables and photo material are described in detail.The article deals with lessons, based on different fairy tales and conflict cases: – The Puss Mentor or the Puss in Boots (The dream of a personal happiness and justice according to the fairy tale of Charles Perrault). – The Loneliness of the Different According to the Fairy Tale “The Ugly Duckling” (The difficult destiny to be different).– The Conflicts We Face (A sample for “The Hour of the Class” lesson)

Тютюнопушене или здраве – изберете сами

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2017

The text presents the experience of the school council in the “Pencho P. Slaveykov” Secondary School in organizing a campaign against tobacco smoke. The stages of the campaign, as well as its results, are shown: a 12.5% drop in the number of pupil smokers.The authors of the text share the stages of work, the results obtained, the way they are achieved. Several questionnaires are also available - for evaluating the situation before, during and after the initiative.

Удобства и рискове при използване на интернет за лични цели

Author(s): Adelina Balieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

Daily use of internet enables people to take advantage of the benefits of a large number of online services by carrying out certain activities in the network. The aim of the text is to reveal the conveniences and risks of using internet for achieving personal goals; to differentiate the types of usage of individual internet users; to make dynamic analysis and trend of private internet use in Bulgaria; to reveal benefits in using internet. As a conclusion are given recommendations on reducing the risk.

Унапређење квалитета живота особа с инвалидитетом коришћењем дигиталне технологије

Author(s): Dejan Masliković,Nataša Krstić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 163/2017

In today’s postinformation society, digital technology has the technological means and innovative solutions which can personalize and customize services to meet the requirements of every user without any barriers. Service personalization is most apparent in the use of the internet, mobile phones, TV, and e-government. Consequently, due to its characteristics, adaptability and openness, digital technology can greatly facilitate and accelerate inclusive processes in society. Mobile devices and services, the internet together with digital cable and terrestrial TV network are just some of technological tools available to modern society for the inclusion of marginalized social groups, including the persons with disabilities. The introductory chapter considers the basis for the use of digital technology in developing an inclusive society, while the research shows the extent to which digital technology is used, as well as the real needs of persons with disabilities for the purpose of finding potential to improve the quality of their life. The conducted research is based on a quantitative testing of two hypotheses, namely, whether persons with disabilities use digital technology to the same extent as persons without disabilities, and whether there are any differences with respect to the improvements of the quality of life as a result of the use of digital technology. For the purpose of testing the hypotheses, based on the sample group of 185 respondents, with 95 of them being persons with disabilities and 90 being persons without disabilities, a comparison was done of average values through t-test, as well as the comparison of relative frequencies by applying x2 test for independent samples. The results have shown that persons with disabilities use digital technology less than persons without disabilities, which only exacerbates the digital exclusion of persons with disabilities. Nevertheless, both groups have the same expectations with respect to the possibility of improving their lives. Noticeable potential for improving the quality of life for persons with disabilities has been noted by raising the use of digital technology to a higher level, especially with the use of mobile phones and the internet. The analysis of the research results has provided data which are significant for estimating the capacity of digital technology and further application of the technology in developing an inclusive society. This paper also proved that an interdisciplinary approach to such a vulnerable subject as inclusion and the social status of persons with disabilities can have beneficial results, as it can be used as guidance in further development of available tools, applications and other digital gadgets.

Университетското образование – от знание към комуникация

Author(s): Magdalena Kostova-Panayotova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2017

The article is focused on the issues of today’s education in university in the digital age. The pace of development of the new technologies makes it harder to adapt to the surrounding reality. Education as a socioforming factor has a key role in this adaptation. The theory of social education is used in connection with social networks in university’s programs. According to us, future education will be more for communication and interactivity and not so much a one-way process of teaching and consuming information.

Употребата на наркотиците в България. Национално представително изследване, декември 2002 г. - януари 2003 г.

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

On March 14, 2003 the Center for the Study of Democracy hosted a round table on Public-Private Partnerships in Preventing Drug Abuse and Trafficking. Experts from government agencies and non-governmental organizations were invited to the discussion. Experts from the Working Group on the Abuse and Trafficking of Drugs at the Center for the Study of Democracy presented the results of the first national representative survey on drugs consumption in Bulgaria. Experts from the Sofia Directorate of Internal Affairs, the National Service for Combating Organized Crime, Customs Agency, National Council on Narcotics, Bulgarian Youth Red Cross and Free and Democratic Bulgaria Foundation took part in the discussion.

Употребите на лудостта в диаболичната проза на Владимир Полянов

Author(s): Sophia Angelova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Употребяващите наркотици в затвора: опитът на Норвегия и предизвикателствата пред България

Author(s): Dimitar Markov,Hedda Giertsen,Maria Doichinova / Language(s): Bulgarian

Publication looks over the situation of drug users in two European countries – Norway, known for its social and welfare-oriented state, and Bulgaria, which since the beginning of the transition from totalitarism to democracy lacks sustainable policies on prisons and drugs. The aim of this work is to comparatively present the penal policy towards drug users and the measures taken for convicted people addicted to narcotic substances, to identify those features which can be transferable and can assist Bulgarian authorities to improve the situation of drug users in and outside the prison. Finally, this research will try to propose concrete measures to be taken both within the penitentiary system and as crime prevention efforts among drug users.

Успостављање европског социјалног модела

Author(s): Emina Hasanagić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6/2019

In this paper the author analyses the content of the social policy of the European Union (hereinafter EU) and possibility for establishing and developing a European social model. The creation of the EU was driven primarily by the achievement of economic and political goals, while social issues stood in the background of integration processes. It was considered that, along with economic development, social issues will also be resolved, as they show up. Social issues were not completely ignored even within the initial phase of the creation of the EU, but the Treaty of Rome, in essence, foresaw that the social domain be left in the national jurisdiction. In spite of the shared competence in the field of EU social policy, important areas are in fact excluded from the EU’s competence, and in this field, soft law is being mostly adopted. The establishment of a European social model is also hampered by the fact that there are different models of social policy in Europe, and it is not possible to expect from the Member States to accept the creation of a European social model. The author in the paper presents the content and characteristics of social policy and its models in Europe, pointing out to significant differences, and then gives an overview of EU social policy and recent developments in strengthening social dimension by adopting documents on the future of the EU and social rights, which ultimately reiterated application of legally non-binding acts.

УЧАСТИЕ ГОСУДАРСТВА В ГРАЖДАНСКИХ ПРАВООТНОШЕНИЯХ

Author(s): Vladimir Alekseevich Babakov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2015

The paper is devoted to the study of issues on definition of the legal capacity of the state as a participant of civil-law relations, an area that needs improvement of the legal regulation. The aim of the paper is to determine the legal capacity of the state with regard to the threetiered system of its involvement in civil relations, as well as to consider problems concerning the responsibility of officials for actions of the state and its bodies. The conclusion is made about the need to ensure accountability of officials for harm caused by the state.