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Globalno civilno društvo kao zajednica pamćenja
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Globalno civilno društvo kao zajednica pamćenja

Author(s): Helmut Dubiel / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1-4/2006

In the las t decade there has without any doubt been a dramatically increased awareness of politically motivated crimes like mass murder, mass rape, torture, ethnic cleansing, or other miseries inflicted on people on mass scale like famines and forced migration. We do not know whether this increased sensitivity in front of the television screen simply reflects the magnitude of barbarity in the 20th century or whether it only bears witness to the technological improvement of mass communication.

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Kontroverza o izložbi o Vermahtu: politika dokaza
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Kontroverza o izložbi o Vermahtu: politika dokaza

Author(s): Omer Bartov / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1-4/2006

Between 1995 and 1999 , the exhibition “War of Extermination: ‘Crimes of the Wehrmacht 1941 to 1944 “ traveled to thirty - four cities in Germany and Austria and was seen by an estimated 850 , 000 visitors . Renamed “ The German Army and Genocide ,“ as lightly modified version of the exhibition was scheduled to open in New York City on December 2 , 1999 .

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Komisije za istinu, tranziciona pravda i građansko društvo
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Komisije za istinu, tranziciona pravda i građansko društvo

Author(s): David A. Crocker / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1-4/2006

Many societies seeking a just transition from authoritarian regimes or civil wars to democracy have employed official truth commissions to investigate systematic violations of internationally recognized human rights.

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Kars İlinde İntihar ve İntihar Girişimlerinin Üç Yıllık Değerlendirilmesi

Kars İlinde İntihar ve İntihar Girişimlerinin Üç Yıllık Değerlendirilmesi

Author(s): Handan Çiftçi,Fedime Kaya,Nihal Bostancı Daştan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Suppl. 1/2020

This study aims to assess suicide in Kars, Turkey based on the method, reason and the victims’ current status. The sample of this retrospective study consisted of 168 suicide cases (22 incidents and 146 attempts) occurring between 2016 and 2018. Data were collected using the Data Collection Form. Of the people committing or attempting to commit suicide, 62.5% (were female (n=105) and 37.5% were male (n=63). Suicide actions were taken by people aged 35 or older (50%) and those with primary or secondary school degrees (72.7%), mostly during summer (40.9%). A statistically significant difference was found between the reasons for suicide, and the persons’ educational status and current status; between the persons’ inclination for suicide, and their gender, educational status and current status; and between the persons’ current status, and age group and educational status. In conclusion, suicide incidents are related to violent methods, personal reasons, low educational status and age (particularly 35 and above). However, suicide attempts are also related to non-violent methods.

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Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Çocukluk Dönemi Cinsel İstismar Mitlerinin Yordayıcıları Olarak Empati ve Cinsiyetçilik

Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Çocukluk Dönemi Cinsel İstismar Mitlerinin Yordayıcıları Olarak Empati ve Cinsiyetçilik

Author(s): Nilüfer Koçtürk,Seval K. Şahin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Suppl. 1/2021

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is one of the situations that can negatively affect the emotional, mental and social life of the child. Myths that determine adults' perspectives on CSA may cause the child to experience a new trauma after sexual abuse. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether sexism and empathy variables predict childhood sexual abuse myths and whether CSA myths differentiate based on gender. Participants consist of students of a state university in Turkey. In this study, Toronto Empathy Questionnaire, Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, and Childhood Sexual Abuse Myth Scale were used to collect data. Multiple regression analysis method and independent samples t test were used for statistical analysis. Multiple regression results show that there is a meaningful relation between CSA myths and sexism (benevolent and hostile dimensions) and empathy variables (R = .36, R2 = .13, p = .00). The combination of sexism and empathy variables explains 13% of total variance in students’ CSA myths. Moreover, in this study, it was determined that women had fewer myths than men. These results suggest that prevention studies at an individual level are not sufficient to prevent child sexual abuse or treat victims appropriately, and it proves that studies on a social level is absolutely necessary. In this respect, further studies may examine the effects of trainings about these variables on the embracing CSA myths.

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Çocuk İstismarına İlişkin Bilişler Ölçeği: Ebeveyn Formu

Çocuk İstismarına İlişkin Bilişler Ölçeği: Ebeveyn Formu

Author(s): Yahya Aktu,Mücahit Dilekmen / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Suppl. 1/2021

Parents can have certain misbeliefs, misconceptions or cognitions related to child abuse within the framework of cultural norms and family dynamics. These cognitions can lead to unhealthy communication in the family and deterioration of the child's mental structure. In order to raise a healthy family and society, it is necessary to determine the cognitions of parents regarding child abuse. In this direction, this study sets out to develop a measurement tool that measures the cognition of parents about child abuse. The study group of the research consists of 794 parents residing in Siirt. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis studies were carried out in order to ensure construct validity during the scale development. According to the exploratory factor analysis, it was seen that the three-dimensional structure of the scale explained 50.36% of the total variance. The model fit of the scale was tested, and it was concluded that the fit indices were at an acceptable level according to the confirmatory factor analysis. Within the scope of the reliability studies of the scale, it was seen that the internal consistency, split half reliability and test-retest reliability coefficients of the whole scale were high. In order to test the criterion-related validity of the scale, it was determined that there was a moderate and high level of relationship between the Childhood Sexual Abuse Myths Scale, and the Child Negligence and Abuse Awareness Scales. A total of 18 items and sub-dimensions of the three-factor structure were determined as cognitions related to child neglect, cognitions related to the act of abuse, and cognitions related to coping with abuse. In line with the results obtained, it can be said that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

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IRAN: CAZUL MASHA AMINI ȘI CRIZA DE LEGITIMITATE A REGIMULUI AYATOLLAHILOR

IRAN: CAZUL MASHA AMINI ȘI CRIZA DE LEGITIMITATE A REGIMULUI AYATOLLAHILOR

Author(s): Leonard Azamfirei / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2022

Masha Amini’s case is known around the world. Originally from Saquez, a town in the western province of Kurdistan, the 22-year-old woman was visiting Tehran when she was arrested by the so-called morality police on 13 September on charges of not wearing a hijab according to government standards. She was forcibly removed from her family and taken into police custody. The last moments of her life were captured by CCTV cameras in a re-education hall, where she had been sent for „guidance” on her attire. She fell into a coma in the detention centre and although she was taken to hospital, doctors could do nothing to save her life.

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Emocijski narativi o traumi silovanja u hrvatskoj književnosti od 19. do 21. stoljeća

Emocijski narativi o traumi silovanja u hrvatskoj književnosti od 19. do 21. stoljeća

Author(s): Kornelija Kuvač-Levačić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2022

The topic of rape permeates the cultural, identity and ideological aspects of the literary text. Considering that it is a presentation and expression of traumatic physical, psychological and spiritual experience (mostly women, but in 21st century this is not the rule), the emotional narratives that each text has, or the ways in which it constructs them, play an important role. Through several texts of Croatian literature of the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries, constructs of emotional narratives about the trauma of rape will be considered. Their development and relationship to ontem, psychic, societal and ideological figures / text structures will be monitored, with a dominant focus on several main emotions that accompany trauma, regardless of the period in which a particular text is created. Due to the necessity of limiting the scope of this research, the corpus consists of several receptionistly influential texts of recent, contemporary and most recent Croatian literature. These are the novels: Seljačka buna by August Šenoa (19th century, rape as the initiator of the collective revolt), Kao da me nema by Slavenka Drakulić (20th century, rape as a political and war subjugation of the collective) and Črna mati zemla by Kristijan Novak (21st century, the rape of a child as a monstrous reverse of the collective in the novel). The three texts will be comparatively analyzed on the basis of emotional narratives about rape with the aim of revealing a paradigm that answers the questions: which traumatological aspects of rape are represented by individual authors, on which narrative actions the effect of emotional empathy is grounded, where narrative empathy is directed, how the trauma of rape as a cultural trope is incorporated by an individual author into the identity constructs of the individual and the collective of the 19th, 20th or 21st century and what it represents on the compositional, societal, ontemic and ideological level of the literary text.

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Social Work and Domestic Violence in Croatia Through a Gendered Lens: Between Power and Precarity

Social Work and Domestic Violence in Croatia Through a Gendered Lens: Between Power and Precarity

Author(s): Jana Kujundžić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

This article examines the gender-blind perception of the social work profession in Croatia and its relation to domestic violence cases. In the past few years, the media and the public have routinely expressed outrage at social workers for not preventing severe cases of violence against women and children. The shift from state socialism to capitalism in Croatian society has considerably affected the profession of social work and facilitated the defunding and understaffing of the welfare sector. I argue that a more nuanced, gendered approach is needed in demanding prevention work from social work centres (SWC). Most studies on the causes of burnout in social workers have ignored the feminisation of the profession and the gendered implication of their precarious professional position and responsibility to protect and help the most vulnerable members of society. The perceptions of social work by other experts working with cases of domestic violence and social workers themselves are important to comprehend a bigger picture of professional judgment and attributions of blame. In-depth interviews were conducted with experts working with domestic violence, including the police, judges, prosecutors, social workers, feminist NGO coordinators, and women’s shelter workers. The feminisation of social work and systemic undervaluing of care work contribute to the easy targeting of social workers while leaving the patriarchal institutionalisation unexplored. For this reason, I conclude that social workers would benefit from class and gender solidary with their clients to fight patriarchal biases.

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Construction and First Validation of a French Scale of Environmental Harassment at Work (EHWS)

Construction and First Validation of a French Scale of Environmental Harassment at Work (EHWS)

Author(s): Eva Ein-Eli,F. Scrima,Liliane Rioux / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Harassment is a form of violence that is increasingly reported in the world of work and has given rise to numerous studies. This article presents the results of a series of five studies to construct and validate the French Environmental Harassment at Work Scale-EHWS. Four hundred and four people employed in various professional sectors (health, education or services) participated in the five studies. A questionnaire of Environmental Harassment at Work was constructed (Study 1). Study 2 revealed a four-dimensional factor structure, which was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (Study 3). The questionnaire was shown to have good reliability (Study 4) and convergent validity (Study 5). The EHWS could be a valuable tool for human resource managers to assess environmental harassment in the organisation, and also for occupational health and safety organisations to highlight the nature of environmental harassment, how it can be reported and prevented.

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NGOS INVOLVEMENT IN THE FIGHT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 
AND AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING

NGOS INVOLVEMENT IN THE FIGHT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING

Author(s): Silvia Elena NIȚESCU,Flavius Darie,Ileana Tache / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2022

This article addresses the subject of human rights and particularly the extremely sensitive one of human trafficking, presenting some historical references on the matter and the current state of affairs, as well as the involvement of Romanian NGOs in the fight against this phenomenon. The economic drivers of migrant exploitation and human trafficking are also investigated. This paper highlights some measures and actions taken by the authorities and NGOs in Romania in their effort to raise awareness of the phenomenon, to prevent it and to counterattack these forms of human rights violations, as well as to help people who are actual or potential victims of human trafficking to get out of the respective situations and reintegrate into society.

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Насилието – същност и проявни форми

Насилието – същност и проявни форми

Author(s): Stoyan Uzunov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Violence has accompanied human development from ancient times to the present days. It is pervasive and multifaceted. As a social phenomenon, it has been the subject of diverse studies aimed at explaining its essence. It is most often seen as the result of an individual’s aggressive behavior directed at another individual. Violence has different forms of manifestation – from different types of mental harassment to physical abuse, which can turn into a crime. Depending on the specific relationships that develop between people, violence most often occurs in the family environment, in the school and in the work environment.

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Summary of the Results Obtained in the Scientific Investigation of Crimes of Domestic Violence (Part I)

Summary of the Results Obtained in the Scientific Investigation of Crimes of Domestic Violence (Part I)

Author(s): Andrei Nastas / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

This scientific article is devoted to some legal-criminal issues synthesized and analyzed in the scientific research of the criminal acts of domestic violence provided for in art.2011 Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova. Considering the recent conceptual changes that the incriminating framework of domestic violence has undergone, the author intervened with new interpretations of some legal categories that need to be analyzed. The research was carried out based on the author's own empirical data obtained from the analysis of judicial practice in this field, as well as based on the most recent doctrinal sources both in the field of criminal law and other sciences (criminology, psychology, sociology, pedagogy). As a result of the study, conclusions and interpretations were formulated that can be used in the science of criminal law, as well as in the practice of application of the legal-criminal norm on domestic violence (Article 2011 Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova).

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Victime ale terorii bolșevice din Basarabia, 1940 -1941(11) - Orașul și județul Hotin
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Victime ale terorii bolșevice din Basarabia, 1940 -1941(11) - Orașul și județul Hotin

Author(s): Vitalie Văratec / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4/1998

The author continues in this study to describe the consequences of the occupation of Bessarabia by the USSR in the tragic year of 1940. This analysis seeks to bring to light less known aspects of the evacuation of Bessarabia, such as the anti-Romanian actions of minority groups or the manhunt (especially of Romanians) initiated and conducted by the feared Soviet secret police, the N.K.V.D.

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Dictionar biografic
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Dictionar biografic

Author(s): Dan Dungaciu,Adrian Brișcă,Florian Tănăsescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/1994

Traian Brăileanu (1882-1947) Traian Brăileanu is considered one of the Romanian theorists of the sociology of the nation. He published The Theory of Human Community, 1939, 1941. Arrested in 1946 by Communist authorities, he died in prison. Vladimir Macoveiciuc (1905-1946) Vladimir Macoveiciuc was one of the most well-known partisans who fought in the mountains of Bukhovina against the Soviet troops after 1944. Constantin Titel-Petrescu (1888-1957) Constantin Titel-Petrescu, president of the Social-Democratic Party, directed the review Lumea Nouă. After his refusal to compromise with the Romanian Communist Party in 1945-1946, he was politically isolated and repressed.

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THE ROLE OF SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM ABUSE AND NEGLECT

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM ABUSE AND NEGLECT

Author(s): Sandra Dabić,Đorđe Spasojević,Milka Radulović,Zoran Radulović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Child abuse is an age-old phenomenon, which is confirmed by the data from art, literature, and science from many parts of the world. There are reports on infanticide, mutilation, abandonment and other forms of violence found in many historical records of unkempt, weak, and malnourished children who were left by families to take care of themselves. Those records also make note of charity organisations and groups, as well as others that were involved in ensuring the welfare and providing protection for the children. Social institutions are institutions that ought to be the first link in the chain of providing help and care for children and minors, but at the same time, they are institutions that work on reducing the occurrences of abuse of minors in society in general. Today, there is clear evidence that child abuse is a global problem which comes in different forms and is, unfortunately, deeplyrooted in cultural, economic and social practices. Solving this global problem, however, requires a much better understanding of its occurrences in a range of environments, as well as its causes and effects in said environments. In this paper, by applying the method of quantitative and qualitative content analysis, we will review and analyse concepts of child abuse and neglect, the forms in which they come, as well as analyse the role of social institutions, with a special focus on Centres for Social Work. The creative aim of the paper is to recognise the problem of child neglect and abuse which demands an efficient response by the wider social community.

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THE EXPOSURE OF ADOLESCENTS TO SEXUAL RELATED RISKS USING ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS

THE EXPOSURE OF ADOLESCENTS TO SEXUAL RELATED RISKS USING ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS

Author(s): Csipkés Hajnalka-Szende / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 16/2019

Despite the raising awareness of programmes on internet safety, there are no websites intended to review the adolescent’s risk status of exposure to sexual related risks. In order to fill this lack we propose a questionnaire model able to predict certain risk categories of a sexual nature encountered in the online environment. The model was developed as a part of the author’s doctoral thesis. The results of the questionnaire are able to determine the degree of risk-related exposure of teenagers in most probably categories. After evaluating the responses related to general online behavior of adolescents, this model can contribute not only to juveniles self-knowledge, but also it is able to support parents and teachers in the effective and early prevention of potential abuses.

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A BRIEF TYPOLOGY OF CHILDREN CHARACTERS IN MIGUEL DELIBES’ NOVELS

A BRIEF TYPOLOGY OF CHILDREN CHARACTERS IN MIGUEL DELIBES’ NOVELS

Author(s): Silvia-Corina Popovici / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 16/2019

Miguel Delibes, one of the prodigious Spanish novelists of mid-20th century, places great emphasis on his characters whom he considers as the axis of the narrative. Through his characters, Delibes gives us the pulse of an era, and the way to see it is through their actions and the spaces in which they develop thoroughly. His favourite characters are children of all types and ages. Starring a child was something new for the time and an act of courage if we think that he used them to indirectly present the problems of Spanish society, his thoughts and concerns, which otherwise couldnřt be possible due to massive cenzorship. One first typology of his children characters is that according to their social background, situation in which we can talk about urban or rural children. Within this classification, however, his children characters acquire different meanings and roles, which will turn them into narrative archeypes such as the orphan, the friend, the wise, the spoiled, the victim or the mediator. The present study emphasizes that the simplicity and sensitivity with which these children characters are described or presented, transform them into unforgettable characters who are represantative of Delibesř novels.

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Experiences with domestic violence pertetrators in Serbia: from practitioner’s view point

Experiences with domestic violence pertetrators in Serbia: from practitioner’s view point

Author(s): Milana M. Ljubičić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2023

This paper deals with research into organizational difficulty and ethical dilemmas, as well as the efficiency of group therapy of men who were sent to group therapy treatments due to intimate partner relationship violence. This type of intervention has recently been recognized in Serbia as an important factor in the protection against domestic violence. Nevertheless, its use has remained sporadic and in order to be able to understand reasons for this, we have found helpful an analysis of the social context, but also the views of experts and the general public regarding domestic violence in our country. The public and experts alike have a firm position in terms of treating domestic violence perpetrators: batterers are almost as a rule male. The research question as the focal point of further analysis was the following: Whether or in which way such a discourse affects the work of practitioners and personal development of the clients - participants in group therapy? To obtain the answer, we have conducted an in-depth interview with one of practitioners in the Belgrade Marriage and Family Counselling Centre, who has been in charge of this program since it was first launched (2012). As it turns out, both the practitioners and the clients are faced with multiple challenges. The practitioners are faced with their efforts being ignored by experts (by fellow practitioners and prosecutors and judges alike), the absence of systemic support and institutional networking, as well as with professional burnout. The clients often see themselves as victims of the system; they are the subject of a socially imposed ideological reshaping and, therefore, not infrequently they demonstrate resistance to efforts aimed at achieving their personal change and so they leave the program before it is actually completed. Bearing in mind such outcomes, we believe that it is necessary to work on a change of the prevalent discourse relative to violence and possible ways of preventing violence, on recognizing the significance of group therapy of batterers as a potentially important alternative route in working with victims and perpetrators of domestic violence and, finally, on initiating an interdisciplinary discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of sociotherapy treatment.

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IDENTIFYING POST-DISASTER PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS AND POSSIBILITIES TO REDUCE POTENTIAL DAMAGES

IDENTIFYING POST-DISASTER PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS AND POSSIBILITIES TO REDUCE POTENTIAL DAMAGES

Author(s): László Teknős / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Disasters can endanger and harm people’s lives, health and properties, the basic living conditions of the population, the natural and built environment, and natural values. Therefore, one should always calculate with some kind of an accompanying psychic effect. It is important to deal with the analysis and presentation of psychic phenomena shortly or long after the disasters. In the present article, we are attempting to present a comprehensive summary of the issue. After systemizing the causes of disasters and the features of incident sites, we identify and map the expected psychic consequences, searching for protection options and solutions. The article discusses the psychological effects of terrorism as well.

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