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An old military prison turned youth hostel lets visitors spend the night in artistically renovated cells, complete with prison bars on windows and doors.
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The purpose of the article is an analysis of the current housing situation in cities with poviat rights in the Silesian Voivodeship and evaluation of operations of local self-governments in the realization of evicted housing needs. An answer to the question is a research problem of the work: what participation has a council housing in the investment structure in chosen communes and whether it is sufficient in proportion to the number of people waiting for the housing unit from the housing stock of the city. In order to validate research hypotheses and to solve the research problem in the article a diagnosis of the housing situation will be made in 19 cities with poviat rights in the Silesian Voivodeship. Based on conducted analyses it is possible to state, that in the majority of cities, in spite of the statistical surplus of flats in total, a deficit of social premises is appearing. The scale of the council housing is not connected with the number of people waiting for social premises and with the number of adjudged court decisions for eviction with the right to social premises.
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The article refers to issues linked with the planning and execution of revitalisation processes along with evaluation of revitalisation projects. It aims at verification of new economic development’s concepts applied in revitalisation projects in the light of their impact on a socio-economic vitality of crisis areas as well as on a level of public intervention. The evaluation of relations between development’s concepts underlying the revitalisation projects and the level of public intervention, as well as gained socio-economic vitality allows for arguing about the effectiveness of undertaking activities. In empirical aspects the paper refers to contemporary theoretical and normative assumptions of revitalisation notions by confronting them with the case studies analysis linked with revitalisation projects realised in selected Polish cities. Applied methodology includes tools such as desk research studies, focus group interviews and portfolio analysis.
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Local development hinges on keeping financial condition of a commune in good standing. Income potential of a commune may be affected by the presence of natural resources that foster certain type of economic activities, and by human resources, as in vicinity of large urban centers. The aim of the article was to identify spatial effects in the evaluation of financial condition of the Wielkopolska Voivodeship communes. The synthetic evaluation was carried out by TOPSIS method, and the spatial effects were examined using global and local Moran I statistics. The study found a moderate positive spatial autocorrelation. Clusters of high values were detected around Poznań metropolitan area, around other large cities (Leszno and Kalisz), in the lignite basin, and in tourist districts.
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The declared sense of existence of spatial planning is to balance and harmonise activities of various entities in space to achieve spatial order. Reality, however, shows that in general it is a tool to achieve the interests (especially economic) of certain entities. Various political systems are dominated by the interests of different groups of entities. In Poland, for several decades of communist economy public interest was the most important, and now preponderance of private interest, especially of property owners, is visible. This, however, always leads to distortions of space development, unfavourable from the viewpoint of spatial order. It seems that in Polish realities it is necessary to create a completely new spatial planning system in order to eliminate such distortions.
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Such negative phenomena as global warming, air polution, quality of life leading to the growth of stress, genetically modified foods and large amounts of chemicals will not favor as a remedy for the concept of eco-cities. Changes in the direction of the ecological city thus appear to be a necessity. In fact, there are not fully ecological cities so far. Most relevant to the broader concept of “eco” are villages located in natural surroundings, primarily rural communities. They can be created from scratch and include a different vision of ecological solutions. Existing urban areas should plan and implement concepts on the one hand referring to the past, namely the existence of so-called uncontrolled biosphere, on the other, using a solution of “smart” urban infrastructure.
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Debt of Local Goveremnts (LGs) in Poland steadily grew from PLN 28.2 bln in 2008 to PLN 72.1 bln in 2014. At the same time since 2012, the cost of servicing the debt of LGs, has declined due to lower market interest rates and stabilization of banking margins for LGs below 1.0% level. The high amount of debt makes the LG sector sensitive to the risk of interest rates increses. Monte Carlo simulations show that LGs will not be adversly affected by the increase in interest rates, if that occurs as an isolated factor, which does not entail significant changes in their revenues and non-interest expenses. In such a scenario, the increases of interest rates by 100bps may cause a growth of share of LGs with a negative risk profile from 1.8% in 2014 to 2.5%. Significant risks for the sector occur when the interest rate increases are accompanied by the deterioration of LGs’ non-interest operating surplus. Then, the increase of 100bps results in alarming levels of debt ratios for 10% of LGs and another 30% of LGs shifts to risk area of losing the ability to service their debt.
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The aim of the paper is to identify economic and social effects in the unusual projects, which are projects of translocation of historic monuments. Translocation, or otherwise removing, transfer, is the transfer of a historic building in another location. It is performed only in exceptional cases, ie. if this is the only way to save the cultural heritage object from destruction.
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The study discusses public aid granted to the sector of small and medium enterprises from the perspective of Polish municipalities as the entities granting such an aid. The legal basis for public aid as well as its forms used by Polish municipalities with reference to economic entities were presented. The case study of public aid was conducted in Jelenia Góra, in the period 2010-2013, addressed to entrepreneurs in terms of this aid form, volume and its allocation depending on the number and size of economic entities. An attempt was also made to evaluate the impact of public aid in Jelenia Góra on the development of entrepreneurship.
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The article contains an analysis of practical consequences of division of voivodeship capitals into two separate categories. Mentioned “other regional centers” are those which were not included in the category of metropolis. A classification in government policy documents is important for such aspects of development policy as infrastructure, transport accessibility, metropolitan areas, location of social infrastructure, and location of scientific and knowledge-based economy. The study leads to the identification of conditions for the development of “other provincial centers” resulting from the distinction between the two categories of regional capital cities.
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One of the countries that has the biggest problems with the purity of the air is Poland, which has the most polluted air in the European Union. The main source of air pollution is low emission. Therefore, the article deals with the issues relating to air pollution caused by low emission and the ability to limit the negative effects by reducing pollution from households.
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The aim of the work is to present the conditions of spatial diversity of separate collection of municipal waste. The hypothesis has been verified that municipal waste collected selectively in households is strongly correlated with own revenues of gminas per capita and population density. The higher Gross Domestic Product per one inhabitant, disposable income and own revenues of gminas per capita are, the more communal waste and resources for organization of their receiving system and selective collection arise. The larger density of population, the easier and cheaper, according to the concept of “urban sustainability”, to organize a system of selective collection of communal waste. In areas with a dispersed network of settlements, selective collection of municipal waste, as well as the construction of technical infrastructure network, is unprofitable.
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Functional approach for the development of urban areas founding departing from the perception of problems and challenges only by the prism of administrative borders becomes more and more important. In practice, however, there are different approaches to the criteria and principles of delimitation of urban functional areas related to eg. the regional centers, including Jelenia Góra. New instrument – Integrated Territorial Investment (ITI) is dedicated for towns and their functional areas in the perspective of EU programming (2014-2020). In practice ITI contributes to the realization of integrated strategies of urban development and plays a decisive role in the development of towns and urban functional areas.
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The smart city concept is in theory well recognized, but there is no clear definition of this term and a different approach to the factors affecting the inteligent city development causes that in practice the label of smart city is misused. The smart city development is connected with a particular strategy of urban development that results in the implemention of various projects based on advanced technologies. The purpose of this article is to identify and evaluate specific initiatives and programs implemented by local authorities in Barcelona in the context of smart city development.
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The paper refers to the research study of problems of development of peripheral areas (i.e. outside metropolitan areas) conducted by the author since 2009. The author hypothesizes that the development of towns which are capitals of poviats (county) can contribute to the economic revival of their surroundings. In 2013 the author studied developmental factors listed in strategic plans of poviat capitals in peripheral areas of Pomeranian Voivodeship (region). Nowadays the strategies of these towns in terms of economic development and the factors in documents updated have been studied. The aim of this study is to verify, whether strategies use recognized factors. The sources of information are the strategic plans of the towns studied, the method – the analysis of these plans. The answer for these questions in most cases is positive. A lot of content is far too general, not exposing the town specifics. Some contents are formulated incorrectly, some contents are questionable.
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The article presents problems of investments planning in Polish special economic zones (SEZs) and is based on legal regulations referring to this issue, classical methods of capital budgeting, as well as on the author’s participant observations gained while providing consultancy services for investors. Firstly, basic information about SEZs is presented, next variants of obtaining regional aid by entrepreneurs investing in SEZs and conditions which they have to meet for this purpose are discussed. The article also provides information regarding costs related to entering and functioning in SEZs. The main body of the article focuses on method for budgeting of the above aid, which the author has worked out. Its essence is presented with detailed examples. In conclusion the author points to many recommendations for practical applications of the said techniques. The methods of this kind have not been presented in the literature so far, despite the fact that SEZs have been operating in Poland for a dozen years.
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In terms of decentralization of public tasks, poor fiscal capacity of local revenues and limited possibilities of financial support from central government, the crucial problem seems to be achieving long-term fiscal sustainability by local budgets. One of the most important determinants of the current and future fiscal stance of self-governments is local spatial policy. It is therefore particularly important to forecast direct and indirect budgetary impact of local spatial plans. The aim of the article is to evaluate the actual role of forecasts of fiscal consequences of local spatial policy as accurate and reliable prediction tools.
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The number of cultural parks and heritage areas is increasing in Europe and the United States. Those are spreading over other areas where the economic sectors related to tourism and leisure gain weight. Heritage areas or parks are heterogeneous initiatives that place cultural heritage at the heart of spatial planning policy and economic development, aiming at the reinvention of large territories and local community participation in planning. Their relevance stems from their potential in uence on the territorial con guration of broad regions and their impact upon the articulation of traditional protected areas. Notwithstanding this, they have attracted scant academic attention so far.
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The paper investigates the relationship between the preservation of cultural heritage and planning in UNESCO World Heritage List (WHL) sites, with special reference to the relation between Management Plans and other (local and regional) planning instruments and policies able to in uence the promotion of sustainable and responsible development. This will be explored through a case study related to South-Eastern Sicilian UNESCO sites (in particular Syracuse). The analysis of this case study will point out the challenge of integrating different management and planning regimes – which mainly refer to a performative model – in a (still) very conformative planning system. The paper will show how supranational protection tools and models often lose their ef cacy in relation to local planning systems.
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