„Ha frankó, akkor úgy megy, mint a zsebóra” Szövetkezetiség, csettegők és technológiai önrendelkezés

Author(s): Márton Szarvas,Soma Ábrahám Kiss / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 27/2020

The article shows the importance of technological autonomy for the reproduction of social solidarity economy networks through international and Hungarian examples. It argues that technological innovation is necessary for such projects. Through an example of a handmade agricultural vehicle the article demonstrates the way people tend to organize the necessary technological tools for their social reproduction. The case study is situated in a region called the “Golden Triangle”. Here specialized cooperatives were established where the local lands could be cultivated only through technologically or labor-intensive ways, while the goods produced, like grape, sour-cherry or elderberry, were profitable enough on a small scale. Parallel to the development of specialist cooperatives, locksmiths started to put together vehicles, which were capable of maneuvering in tight rows and deep sand. These were adapted from engines and chassis of Soviet military vehicles. According to our argument the liberalization of the production of agricultural vehicles in the region stimulated employment through the creation of entrepreneurs, while at the same time it enabled the necessary technological innovation required to maintain productivity.

Пространствена структура и хронологическо развитие на праисторическия солодобивен комплекс Провадия-Солницата

Author(s): Vassil Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

The prehistoric complex of Provadia-Solnitsata is located close to the modern-day town of Provadia in Northeastern Bulgaria. The remains represent the oldest salt-production site in Europe (5600 – 4350 BC) from which emerged the earliest prehistoric urban settlement on the continent (4700 – 4350 BC). The complex occupies an area of approximately 30 hectares. The emergence and development of the site were closely related to the largest and in fact the only rock salt deposit in the Eastern Balkans, the so-called Mirovo salt deposit on which the settlement sits. Salt production on the site was based on the brine (thick saline water) that flowed out of this salt deposit. Brine boiling in ceramic pots at Provadia-Solnitsata is the earliest example on record in Europe for the use of this technology in salt production. It was practiced on this site for longer than one millennium. The heat needed for the process was generated in advance in a special installation or alternatively, was directly provided мby an open fire, in both cases by burning firewood. At the end of the Chalcolithic, a change of technology had to be introduced – the water from the brine was then evaporated in a large ‘basin’ by using heat from solar radiation. The development of the five parts of the complex is presented: the tell with deposits from the Late Neolithic and the Chalcolithic, a cemetery from the Early Bronze Age, a Thracian ‘ruler’s residence’ from the 2nd – 1st centuries BC and a very large tumulus on top; a salt-production center from the Late Neolithic and the Chalcolithic together with ritual facilities from that time; a Late Neolithic pit sanctuary and a cemetery from the Middle Chalcolithic over it; a pit sanctuary from the Late Chalcolithic; a cemetery from the Late Chalcolithic.

Маршрути на книжовното общуване между източните и южните славяни (ХI – XX век)

Author(s): Elena Tomova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 42/2021

Фолклорът в контекста на литературното обучение (според действащата учебна програма по литература за V клас)

Author(s): Ventsislav Bozhinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article aims to present basic theoretical problems connected with studying folklore in the secondary stage of Bulgarian schools. The first part offers a brief diachronic review of the theoretical paradigm of Bulgarian folklore research, presenting the transition from the narrow philological understanding of folklore as “national poetic creativity” towards its wide sociological interpretation as “a type of creative culture”. In the second part of the article two curricula for the fifth grade, in which folklore is a key component, are analysed and compared – the one from 2007/2010 academic years and the current one, implemented since 2016/2017. The main goal of this part is to demonstrate how and how much the Literature curricula offer an opportunity for studying folklore in alignment with current theoretical stipulations in Bulgarian folklore research.

Trevor Noah and the contingent politics of racial joking

Author(s): Jennalee Donian,Nicholas Holm / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

This article takes up the transnational comedy career of Trevor Noah as a way to explore how the political work of racial comedy can manifest, circulate and indeed communicate differently across different racial-political contexts. Through the close textual analysis of two key comic performances –“The Daywalker” (2009) and “Son of Patricia” (2018), produced and (initially) circulated in South Africa and the USA, respectively – this article explores the extent to which Noah’s comic treatment of race has shifted between the two contexts. In particular, attention is paid to how Noah incites, navigates and mitigates potential sources of offence surrounding racial anxieties in the two contexts, and how he evokes his own “mixed-race” status in order to open up spaces of permission that allow him to joke about otherwise taboo subjects. Rejecting the claim that the politics of Noah’s comedy is emancipatory or progressive in any straightforward way, by means of formal analyses we argue that his comic treatment of race does not enact any singular politics, but rather that the political work of his racial humour shifts relative to its wider political contexts. Thus, rather than drawing a clear line between light entertainment and politically meaningful humour, this article argues that the political valence of racial joking can be understood as contingent upon wider discourses of race that circulate in national-cultural contexts.

Веда Словена. Адаптирано издание. Адаптация и поетически превод Росен Р. Малчев. Съставители: Миглена Христозова, Константин Рангочев. Художник Марко Марков. София: Издателство „Ракета“, 2019

Author(s): Miglena Hristozova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

Book Review

Рада Славинска. Предпоставки за възникване на жанра „песен за народен хор“. Пловдив: Академия за музикално, танцово и изобразително изкуство „Проф. Асен Диамандиев“, 2019

Author(s): Natalia Rashkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

Book review

Renewing Traditional Tamboura Style in Individual Performance

Author(s): Petyo Krastev / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

The traditional tamboura performance style is part of the folklore culture of Southwestern Bulgaria and, more specifically, of the Velingrad district. This style is deeply tied to the specifics of the musical dialect of this region. The preservation of tamboura performance style into modern times is characterized by interaction with the modern tamboura and the combination of traditional techniques with new instrumental means of expression. This article traces the renovations and changes in the traditional style in relation to its basic parameters, such as bourdon playing, the specifics of splitting note durations, metro-rhythmic patterns, ornaments, sound lines, morphologies, and the functions of the instrument in accompanying mostly male solo singing. The complex relationships and the way in which they have interacted, have been traced to the individual performance manner of a particular musician.

The Musical-Folklore Dialects of Elena Stoin in Sound. Edited by: Goritza Naydenova. Sofia: Institute for Art Studies – BAS, 2015. 131 p., with a CD

Author(s): Natalia Rashkova / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

Book review

History of states, history of individuals. Eminescu on Austria and the Romanian Principalities

Author(s): Daniel Citirigă,Cătălin Pavel / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The present article aims to offer excerpts f an essential article by the Romanian “national poet” Mihai Eminescu in the English translation, with a historical commentary. The translation aims to make Eminescu’s text available to an international audience of scholars, helping to write a more accurate social and cultural history of 19th century Europe. In turn, the commentary aims to show that Eminescu’s political vision, although substantially conservative, incorporated a number of tenets that were to become an inspiration for a number of politicians of highly diverse backgrounds, from the Iron Guard nationalists to the Socialists and Communists. Eminescu’s work was used, in ways he could no longer control, in order to legitimize their varied, and at times downright contradictory, claims.The article discussed here, on “The Austrian influence on the Romanians in the Principalities” (1876) offered Eminescu the opportunity to cast a critical eye on the state organization of the Romanians. His conclusion is exceedingly pessimistic: their state organization is presented as a failure, with the main sources of this failure being the personal interests of the Romanians themselves, compounded by the influence of foreigners. Hence the society based on corruption, rather than on principles, a society where having a job meant ruling, and not having one, being in opposition. In this gloomy picture, the author singled out a class on whose back the whole people lived: the Romanian peasants. The future of this class could not possibly be bright, as Eminescu expected that it be crushed from within, and “along with it, the state and the nation”. Did he also envisage a solution? In order to escape the situation in which “the proximity of Austria is devastating for us, unless we wake up soon”, Eminescu pinpointed three redeeming elements: stability, labour and economy. In other words, hereditary monarchy, the revocation of privileges for the “proletariat of the pen” and the careful spending of public budgets. The alternatives were the Austrian rule, or the Russian rule, none of which comes across to Eminescu as a solution.

Гостоприемството в полската и българската култура. Gościnność w kulturze polskiej i bułgarskiej. Полско-български сборник

Author(s): Margreta Grigorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 44/2022

Етикетният език в говора на село Бобощица (Република Албания)

Author(s): Miranda Belo / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2014

The text presents material from the speaking community about the blessings and good wishes, the Bulgarians of Boboshtica village (Republic of Albania). The collected material shows a well shaped and very rich category with blessings and good wishes to reveal important features of typological Boboshtica Bulgarians. They are loving, generous and positive emotional stressed. Wishes are associated with good wishes, good health for families, long and happy life, success and more.

Със самосъзнанието на българин с плава кръв

Author(s): Luchia Antonova-Vasileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2014

The article discusses the conception of the importance of national self-determination as a criterion for belonging to a nationality. The typical case of spontaneous declarations of Bulgarian national identity is indicate in the Republic of Kosovo. The ancestral memory of aristocratic origin is expressed by specific local dialect.

Названията за домашни животни в българските говори в Албания

Author(s): Luchia Antonova-Vasileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 12/2016

The paper studies the lexemes for domestic animals in Bulgarian dialects in Albania. Thedifferent dialectal lexemes as well as phonetic characteristics and features of word formationare described.

Анатол Анчев. Фолклорът на работниците от едно звено на каналджийска бригада. София: Тип-топ прес, 2017

Author(s): Nikolay Vukov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

Book review

Юбилейна международна научна конференция „Филологията – традиция и предизвикателства в новата реалност“ в ЮЗУ „Неофит Рилски“, гр. Благоевград

Author(s): Rayna Rozhdestvenska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

Scientific life

Експериментално студио „Фолк арт“ – творчески алтернативи в процес

Author(s): Petyo Krastev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article analyses the artistic concepts and the production of the “Folk Art” Experimental Studio, which was founded and was operating during the 1990-s. Most of the performers in the studio were students from the Secondary Musical School in the village of Shiroka Laka (today National School of Folk Arts – Shiroka Laka) in the Rhodope region. The aesthetic values of the artists were formed in the context of dynamic changes and tendencies in a specific sociocultural milieu. Today, most participants in “Folk Art” are outstanding musicians, artists, and conductors, and are at the head of leading institutions in the sphere of professional art based on folklore. The creative ideas and alternatives of this experimental studio became a source for the development of modern tendencies in the interpretation and reconsideration of traditional culture.

Анатол Анчев. Фолклор и фолклористика – пресечна точка на съдби (Опити за оцелостяване на личността). Плевен: Издателство „Леге Артис”, 2021

Author(s): Rossen Malchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Book review

ИСТОРИЯ НА ХРАМ „ВЪВЕДЕНИЕ БОГОРОДИЧНО“ – ГРАД САМОКОВ (XVI–XIX В.)

Author(s): Mihail Kolev,Danaila Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 21/2022

Samokov is a small town with an exceptional cultural and spiritual heritage. It is founded in the 14th century as a small mining settlement and in a short time, it occupied as a significant place on the map when it is one of the major iron mining and processing centers. The Bulgarian population is strongly united around the Christian faith and ancestral roots. A significant sign of this are the five Christian churches built on the relatively small territory of the city, which for 350 years was the spiritual and administrative center of the Samokov Diocese (1557–1907). One of the most ancient churches is dedicated to the ‘Introduction of the Virgin Merry of God‘ located in the northern part of the city. The written documents refer to the existence of a small Christian church here which has been renovated and expanded at various times In its current form the church was built in 1829–1834. It was consecrated on 14.09.1834 (Crossroads Day) by Metropolitan Ignatius P. of Samokov. The church like the others in the city is partially frescoed. The iconostasis was made by Debar masters and the icons are the work of the Samokov painters founders of the famous icon painting and art school. Several ‘Jerusalems‘ written and richly ornamented on animal skin, which contain pictures from the earthly life of Christ the Savior and His mother – the Holy Virgin are well preserved. These shrouds were donated by returning pilgrims to the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem whom they called ’hadji’.The church library contains many old printed liturgical books and some them date back to the 16th century. For several decades, it was working the city’s first chamber’s school and it was teaching Bulgarian children to read and write.

От Молдовския Кортен до Алтай и обратно в Тарутино, Украйна. „Голямата“ тема за съветските депортации в „малките“ истории на българите от Бесарабия. 1.

Author(s): Galin Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2022

The present study once again directs the interest to the topic of deportations, or the so-called moving-away in the vernacular tongue, of Bulgarians from Bessarabia to the regions of the Urals and Siberia, and also in other remote parts of the USSR in the 1940s and 1950s, as a result of the policy of collectivization and the related repressions. The study was implemented in relation to a project of the Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with the Ethnographic Museum – BAS, named“Bulgarians in the Urals and Siberia in the 20th – 21st centuries: history, culture, identity”, financed by the “National Science Fund” under contract KP-06-Russia-2 –27.09.2019, within the framework of the bilateral cooperation program Bulgaria –Russia (2018 - 2022) and the Russian Fund for Fundamental Research (Российскийфонд фондументальных иследование) – project Number 19-59-18003. The author of the study conducted field ethnographic research in the town of Tarutino, Odesa region, Ukraine, where in 1958-1959, in several waves, some of the 80 families fromCorten, Moldova– previously deported to Siberia in 1949, returned and settled. Along with the percentage of deported families, a special impression in the case under consideration is made by their compact settlement in several vicinities of the Altai krai, as well as their return and reestablishment in the same place altogether – in the present-day city of Tarutino, Odesa Region, Ukraine, in the nearby settlements ofPodgornoe, Berezino – all former German colonies, as well as in Corten itself. Thus, evacuation, emigration and life away from the place of birth, spent in an isolated, foreign ethnocultural and geographical environment, can be seen as a kind of ahistorical experiment regarding culture as a system of persistent and dynamic elements, of interrelationships and influences, as well as of stable, non-changing components.