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Екологічне господарювання у системі екологічних відносин: проблема правової інституціалізації

Екологічне господарювання у системі екологічних відносин: проблема правової інституціалізації

Author(s): Dmitro Dmitrovič Zadykhaylo / Language(s): English,Russian,Ukrainian Issue: 135/2016

The problem of the legal institutionalization of the relationship of the ecological system as a structural element of the Basic Law. It is noted that the level of constitutional and legal provision of environmental relations are at the level of declarative laconic. A circle of objects of the ecological system, and the valleys to get the constitutional provision on the basis of their social value and relevance. The attention to an environmental management mechanism in solving environmental problems and the need for extensive use of structures concept of sustainable development in the legal support of environmental system.Environmental management seems quite multidimensional phenomenon that can be realized both commercial and non-commercial basis and being specifically aimed at achieving environmental effect as goals, or being targeted to achieve profits, but in the production process to achieve optional environmental effect. As well as forming a separate constitutional institution – «ecological system».

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Zanieczyszczenia wód powierzchniowych metalami ciężkimi i związkami organicznymi: farmaceutykami, narkotykami i pestycydami
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Zanieczyszczenia wód powierzchniowych metalami ciężkimi i związkami organicznymi: farmaceutykami, narkotykami i pestycydami

Author(s): Anna Szymonik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

Studies in the recent years have confirmed that surface water around the world, including Poland, are contaminated with organic compounds and heavy metals. Organic compounds include pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, naproxen, ibuprofen, estrogens, antibiotics), pesticides or drugs (cocaine, amphetamine and its derivatives). The most common metals identified in surface waters were: Ni, Hg, As, Pb, Cd. These compounds can accumulate in surface waters, in river sediments. Pharmaceuticals have been identified in waters intended for human consumption. All of these compounds are large calling for the protection of the environment and ecology. Their presence in surface waters is the result of ineffective wastewater treatment processes. The problem of the occurrence of pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, pesticides, and over the past 10 years of illegal drugs applies to surface waters throughout the world. The presence of heavy metals, Ni, Cd was confirmed in the Rhine river in Germany and river sediments of the river Kłodnica in Poland. Pb was determined in rivers in the Czech Republic. Heavy metals (Ni, Cd, Pb) have been identified in river sediments in Polish (river Vistula, Kłodnica, Przemsza). Pharmaceuticals have been identified in Polish rivers: Warta, Odra, Vistula, Wierzyca and Kanał Gliwice. Identified pharmaceuticals belong to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and female sex hormones. In Spanish rivers, there were identified pharmaceuticals belong to several therapeutic groups. Pharmaceuticals were determined in waters intended for human consumption. In Czech Republic and Turkey, researchers identified the presence of dangerous to human health pesticides: DDT, HCH, and HBC. In recent years, there have been reports of the presence of drugs in surface waters, at low concentrations, less than 10 ng/l.

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Connection of biology and ecology with mathematics
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Connection of biology and ecology with mathematics

Author(s): Ilona Horychová,Milada Švecová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

Natural sciences have achieved rapid growth of knowledge and come up to new approaches of studying organisms. One of the approaches is integrating the disciplines and their mutual permeability. The integrative disciplines, such as ecology, can be an example of such procedure. Developing the connection between mathematics and ecology becomes possible with the help of mathematical models that are used to solve biological problems. Showing examples of interactive disciplines at school can encourage pupils’ creativity and inspire them to look out for information not only in an individual field of study, but in other disciplines. Numeric data is convincing for pupils and helps them to put compelling and plausible arguments.

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Przyczynek do ekologii człowieka

Przyczynek do ekologii człowieka

Author(s): Ryszard Kowalski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

Grupa nie była zbyt liczna. Daleko do stwierdzenia o reprezentatywności wyników badań. Kilkadziesiąt studentek biologii, zgłębiających w ramach akademickiego kursu tajemnice społecznej komunikacji, zgodziło się wypełnić kwestionariusz ankiety z pytaniami ukierunkowanymi na rozmowę i język, jako podstawowe narzędzie porozumiewania się i interpersonalnej komunikacji. Język, mowa, artykułowanie i rozumienie słów, to szczególne osiągnięcie człowieka związane z ewolucją mózgu. Odróżnia to nas, ludzi, od wszystkich innych ziemskich istot i jest podstawą funkcjonowania społeczeństwa. Wyniki z przeprowadzonego sondażu nie są zaskoczeniem lecz potwierdzeniem potrzeby rozmowy, a może nawet „głodu rozmowy”. Ze względu na wielkość próby losowej, z przeprowadzonych badań nie można wyciągnąć daleko idących wniosków, ale są one ciekawe, mają nie tylko poznawczy, ale i aplikacyjny charakter, stąd warto je krótko opisać jako przyczynek wzbogacający wiedzę na temat ekologii człowieka.

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Hugo Conwentz (1855–1922) a ochrona przyrody w Polsce

Hugo Conwentz (1855–1922) a ochrona przyrody w Polsce

Author(s): Adam Kowalak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

12 maja 2013 r. minęła 91. rocznica śmierci wybitnego niemieckiego uczonego Hugo Conwentza, światowej sławy paleobotanika, archeologa, humanisty, twórcy nowoczesnych podstaw ochrony przyrody w Europie. Jego aktywność na tak wielu płaszczyznach, była przykładem rzadko spotykanego zarówno na przełomie XIX i XX wieku, jak i dziś holistycznego podejścia do nauki. Wywarła ona duży wpływ na ochronę przyrody w Europie, w tym w będącej jeszcze pod zaborami Polsce, choć można polemizować z autorami podającymi, że działalność Conwentza stanowiła fundament ochrony przyrody w naszym kraju. Współpracował z kilkoma polskimi uczonymi m.in. z Ferdynandem Chłapowskim, Marianem Raciborskim, Władysławem Szaferem. Podkreślał ścisły związek kultury z przyrodą. Postulował połączenie edukacji przyrodniczej i historycznej, uznając, że jest to podstawa edukacji patriotycznej. Ściśle współpracował ze szkołami. Uważał, że tylko świadome społeczeństwo może skutecznie chronić przyrodę i kulturę. Jego stosunek do edukacji i nauki do dziś uznać można za nowatorski.

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EFFECTS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL FORCES ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: AN EXAMPLE OF MARINE CONSERVATION IN GREEN ISLAND, TAIWAN

EFFECTS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL FORCES ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: AN EXAMPLE OF MARINE CONSERVATION IN GREEN ISLAND, TAIWAN

Author(s): Ren-Fang Chao / Language(s): English Issue: 50/2015

Social forces are the constantly changing process with social changes. Due to the special social development history in Taiwan, the social forces induced by past social movements present the transformation tendency towards communities so that the social forces in the reconstruction of communities present the characteristics of social movements. Based on the marine conservation process in Green Island, social forces are divided into the stage of pain and threat (2004- 2007), the stage of transformation (2008-2011), and the stage of participation (after 2012). Each stage stands for the effects of the transformation of social forces on the marine conservation in Green Island and presents professionalization and systemization. Under the demands for professionalization and systemization, the intervention of nonprofit organizations is essential for the reconstruction of communities. The idea of local intermediary organization is therefore introduced in this study to explain the feasibilities of the system in permanently counseling a community developing the social forces.

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Zelena ekonomija“ i „zeleno preduzetništvo” u kontekstu održivog rasta i razvoja u Crnoj Gori

Zelena ekonomija“ i „zeleno preduzetništvo” u kontekstu održivog rasta i razvoja u Crnoj Gori

Author(s): Ana Gardašević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3/2016

In this paper, thanks to the analysis of basic macroeconomic indicators, there will be provided an overview of the Montenegrin economy which will emphasize structural defects in terms of the global economic and financial crisis. Unsustainable export structure, lack of competitiveness of domestic production, high public debt and unemployment, are just some of the indicators that question the sustainability of the current growth model of the Montenegrin economy. The growth model that would focus on the green economy and the green entrepreneurship could be a strong growth driver in the future and an important direction of sustainable development of the Montenegrin economy.

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Atliekų tvarkymo politikos formavimas Lietuvoje taikant žiedinės ekonomikos modelį

Atliekų tvarkymo politikos formavimas Lietuvoje taikant žiedinės ekonomikos modelį

Author(s): Karolina Skorupskaitė,Algis Junevičius / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2017

This paper analyses waste management policy development applying circular economy model and study its possibilities in Lithuania. The first part of this paper is dedicated to waste management policy concept, its dynamic analysis, circular economy model influence on waste management and waste management tools identification. The part of research analyses formation of waste management policy using circle economy in Lithuania. Used qualitative research based analysis of formed Lithuanian waste management policy using circle economy model. Project has found that currently formed waste management policy using circle economy or not targeted and systematic corrections are needed in order to achieve ambitious goals of the model. Identification of corrections and their practical appliance in policy formation would probably not only lead to the achievement of circle economy goals in Lithuania, but also would contribute to the targeted waste management policy formation on national, regional and local levels.

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Environmental Disasters, Climate Change and other Big Problems of Our Times
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Environmental Disasters, Climate Change and other Big Problems of Our Times

Author(s): Ștefan Dorondel / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

The paper explores the contribution of social and cultural anthropology to the study of environmental disasters and climate change as it is reflected in the literature. It then makes some suggestions how the anthropology of and in Southeast Europe can contribute to these issues and the reasons why social anthropologists from and of Southeast Europe should engage more in environmental issues. It concludes that engaging in these issues will not only refresh the discipline theoretically and methodologically in the context of zonal anthropologies but can also offer the discipline of social anthropology a more conspicuous political voice.

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Fever at the Border
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Fever at the Border

Author(s): Olivier Givre / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

This paper examines the production and the effects of a sanitary crisis, namely the Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) epidemic that broke out in the Strandža region, at the Bulgarian-Turkish border in 2011. Limited to the afflicted region in its concrete effects, the disease nevertheless had a real media and symbolic impact on a national and even international scale. Striking a border region deemed for its economic isolation, but also its image of “authentic” Bulgarian countryside located on the external borders of the EU since 2007, this sanitary crisis was perceived as a sign of the uncertainties and anxieties surrounding a peripheral area. I examine in particular the perception of the disease as coming from the “other side” and its ambivalent “Europeanization” through the imposition of EU sanitary standards. This sanitary crisis allows one to explore changing border issues in a region once strictly closed, where the border now appears both as open and locally out of control, in the face of global stakes and powerful neighbours.

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O NEKIM PRIRODNIM PROMJENAMA NA PROSTORU IZMEĐU JADRANA I DUNAVA U VRIJEME OSMANSKE VLASTI
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O NEKIM PRIRODNIM PROMJENAMA NA PROSTORU IZMEĐU JADRANA I DUNAVA U VRIJEME OSMANSKE VLASTI

Author(s): Hrvoje Petrić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 57-58/2014

Priroda nije statična pa reagira na djelovanja ljudi. Uz učinke ljudskog djelovanja na prirodu, ulazimo na temeljni stupanj povijesti okoliša koji obuhvaća prirodnu povijest odnosno okoliš i prirodu u prošlosti. Ovaj stupanj bavi se razumijevanjem same prirode i prirodnog svijeta, a uključuje klimu, reljef, biljni svijet, životinjski svijet i mikroorganizme.

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ŽIVOTNA SREDINA KAO LJUDSKO PRAVO
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ŽIVOTNA SREDINA KAO LJUDSKO PRAVO

Author(s): Hamdija Šarkinović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 48-49/2010

Cilj istraživanja je da se utvrdi da li pravo na zaštitu životne sredine spada u ljudska prava, da li u pravo na životnu sredinu spadaju prava budućih generacija, te kakav je odnos prava na životnu sredinu i ostalih ljudskih prava. Naglasak je stavljen na odnos između prava na informaciju i prava na zdravu životnu sredinu, te prava na privatnu svojinu i prava na zdravu životnu sredinu. Izneseni su argumenti da se pravo na zdravu životnu sredinu može smatrati osnovnim ljudskim pravom, te da je ono usko povezano s pravima budućih generacija. Bez obzira na paradoksalnu situaciju ostvarivanja prava budućih generacija, ima smisla brinuti se o njima. Različit je odnos među ljudskim pravima i pravom na zdravu životnu sredinu. Između jednih postoji sinergetski odnos, neki drugi su u koliziji, a rijetki su neutralni jedno naspram drugog. Pravo na životnu sredinu i zakoni vezani s njim bitno utiču na modificiranje čovjekovog ponašanja naspram životne sredine, na način da se sprječava degradacija životne sredine, pa stoga treba raditi na njihovom proširivanju. Kao jedna od najznačajnijih politika Evropske unije je zaštita životne sredine, koja zauzima posebno mjesto u Nacionalnom programu za integraciju Crne Gore u Evropsku uniju (NPI) za period 2008-2012. godine, čime će Crna Gora u utvrđenim rokovima morati ispuniti standarde Evropske unije u ovoj oblasti.

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Green economy and climate change prevention cycle

Green economy and climate change prevention cycle

Author(s): Andreea Constantinescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2014

While experts in economics place transition to green economy on two directions - reducing ecological footprint and increasing human welfare - climate change specialists warn that effects of global warming will have a much greater impact in the future. It is natural to join scientific contributions in these two areas because both perspectives recognize the ravages made by industrialization, which triggered a series of abrupt climate changes. For example, the average temperature in Europe has increased about 1oC. Based on these evidences, this article will show the usefulness of introducing a concept of full cycle to prevent climate change in the new paradigm that seeks to solve problems related to the fundamentals of sustainable development through transition to green economy. Using this method, this approach intends to be a new theoretical contribution which can act as support to efficiency of new clean technologies.

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Zakon o zaštiti životne sredine u Srbiji: postojeća rešenja i pravci noveliranja

Zakon o zaštiti životne sredine u Srbiji: postojeća rešenja i pravci noveliranja

Author(s): Mirjana Drenovak-Ivanović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 11/2013

After the Law on Environmental Protection had been adopted in 2004, a number of special laws came into force and a number of important international conventions were adopted. In the meantime, the Law on Environmental Protection was amended, but it did not bring a satisfactory level of consistency between the Law on Environmental Protection and new legislative acts. This paper analyzes the disadvantages of the Law on Environmental Protection that have occurred during the eight years of its implementation. In addition, the paper points out the possible solutions and directions that could be made in order to change those disadvantages and harmonize the Law on Environmental Protection with the EU legislation. This paper analyzes the terms in the Law on Environmental Protection and their relations with the terms stipulated by special laws, the consequences of the lack of legal definition of environmental information, the importance to stipulate principle of protection from negative effects of GMO and the importance of establishing environmental inspection in the organizational and functional sense by this framework Law.

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Zrównoważony rozwój a polityka miejska. Między utopią a rzeczywistością

Zrównoważony rozwój a polityka miejska. Między utopią a rzeczywistością

Author(s): Marcin Ograbek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 57/2016

The idea of sustainable development leads us to re-look at the city, sometimes invent it again. It pretends to transform the sphere of human activities and is based on the new human relationships with the surrounding space. How to organize public life zone in such a way as to ensure their long duration, reasonably taking advantage of available resources? How to create a friendly urban space, which is actively involved all the social classes and encourages them to act for the common good? What is the modern ideal city? This article depicts the urban space through the prism of political ideology. The policy is not only acting but also elaborate earlier discourse. Political practice and the program operates an another system of representation and different nomenclature. What was the reason that it was sustainable development, rather than another concept became the dominant instrument of legitimizing political activities at the local level? The article refers specifically to the contradictions of the same idea: on the one hand, for the process of socio-economic development and appealing to its dynamics, on the other hand, introducing the opposite concept of balance and stability.

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Relacja natura – kultura w socjologicznych treściach kształcenia (na przykładzie studiów pedagogicznych)

Relacja natura – kultura w socjologicznych treściach kształcenia (na przykładzie studiów pedagogicznych)

Author(s): Andrzej Kasperek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 47 (2)/2016

The issues undertaken in this study involve the presence of some considerations concerning the relation nature – culture in the teaching contents of course curricula in sociology (including sociological subdisciplines), implemented within pedagogical studies. In a particular way, history of sociology is related to the process of the 19th century industrialization – the period which, with no doubt, turned out to be of key significance for the birth of modern society as it radically changed the relation humanity – nature. The author tries to show the centrality of the relation nature – culture in sociological discourse, but on the other hand – the different sociological contexts of the same relation. What is particularly emphasized are: the dispute between naturalism and antinaturalism, the sociological understanding of culture and the existence of contemporary social and cultural movements which discredit the instrumental attitude of modern civilization to nature.

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Ecological management in the mining and metallurgical maramures area

Ecological management in the mining and metallurgical maramures area

Author(s): Viorel Pop / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 33/2015

The paper is part of the interdisciplinary recent concerns of "environmental management", looking to determine the damages caused by pollution, remediation expenditures, and benefits that may arise through the application of remediation techniques and decontamination technologies in the mining and metallurgical Maramureş area. Large areas of land were diverted from their original destination (pastures, arable land, forests) being now covered with ponds and dumps of mine or flotation tailings, deposits that are insufficiently protected, and have become sources of pollution to surrounding areas. All Eastern European countries have in common major environmental problems, the most serious being due to mining, metallurgy and chemistry. In the relationship of "economic- ecological" equilibrium, should be considered both economic criteria, as well as ecological ones. Pollution as the deterioration of environment requires costs for rehabilitation of degraded areas, and for environmental protection, costs for new technologies, and non polluting ones. The assessment foundation of environmental damages is necessary for establishing the priority directions in the allocation of funds for projects to protect and rehabilitate the environment.

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Проблеми доступу до правосуддя при захисті екологічних прав

Проблеми доступу до правосуддя при захисті екологічних прав

Author(s): Tetjana Ermolaeva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 137/2017

In the scientific article the main problems that hinder properly protect environmental rights in court are considered: the presence of an exhaustive list of grounds for appeal to the courts environmental organizations, that are limited according to international standards. Another problem relates to the legal ignorance of citizens on how to protect environmental rights and their irrational use, abuse of the law in some cases. Prevents the realization of environmental rights the interests of others, improper investigation of the case by the court. Another aspect that prevents qualitative access to justice is ignorance of citizens in the proper formulation of the claim, thus the courts make decisions not in favor of those whose environmental rights violated or denied the opening of the proceedings. It is advisable to enable citizens to apply for legal aid centers providing primary legal aid from the state budget (for lawyers providing explanations, advice, preparation of legal documents), as the environment and citizens’ rights – a line of action in which the first all Ukraine state concerned. The issue of environmental protection of human rights,the preservation and restoration of natural resources on the principles of sustainable (environmentally sustainable) Nature should be regarded as one of the priorities and an important precondition for the European integration of Ukraine. Thus, environmental rights, and above all the constitutionally enshrined right to safe living environment and health must defend. After all, the quality and duration of life depend on Ukrainian Ecology.

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Konwencja o ochronie morza czarnego  przed zanieczyszczeniem

Konwencja o ochronie morza czarnego przed zanieczyszczeniem

Author(s): Janina Ciechanowicz-McLean / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXXIII/2015

The Convention on the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution was signed in Bucharest on 12 April 1992. This is one of many regional conventions which has introduced special rules in order to protect the environment of the Black Sea, benefiting from the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea opened for signature on 10 December 1982 in Montego Bay. The Black Sea is very polluted because: there is a big traffic of marine ships and warships, there are several military bases and sea ports, there is intensive fisheries and tourism carried out, and there are agricultural and municipal pollution run off from land. Only the implementation of environmental policy and maritime strategy of the European Union can influence the improvement of the environment of the Black Sea and the application of the Convention from Bucharest.

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The Impact of Green Supply Chain Management Practices on Performance: Moderating Role of Institutional Pressure with Mediating Effect of Green Innovation

Author(s): Muhammad Shafique,Muhammad Asghar,Haji Rahman / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Green supply chain management (GSCM), a cross-disciplinary field has grown during recent years with increasing interest from both academia and industry. GSCM considers emphasizing environmental issues in Traditional Supply Chain Management (TSCM). Due to the new trends in global warming, environmental sustainability has become a greater concern among the organizations and enterprises globally. This study will focus on green supply chain management practices in the presence of green innovation. Green innovation will improve organizational processes as well as products, which lead to economic and environmental performance. Different institutional actors are putting pressures to implement Green supply chain management practices. Population of this study is electronics industry in Pakistan. Sample size is 500 with cluster sampling technique. Data has been collected through a survey method based on the adopted questionnaire. The collected data will be tested through Cronbach Alpha, Descriptive Statistics, Pearson Correlation, Linear Regression, Moderated Regression, Multiple Logistic Regression and Hayes’s statistical tests to analyse the suggested research model. This study will enable organizations to implement green supply chain management practices to bear institutional pressure and move towards green innovation to enhance their economic and environmental performance that were never possible before this study.

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