A kapitalocén – avagy mibe kerül az olcsó természet?

Author(s): Attila Szigeti / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 25/2019

In the last decades the Capitalocene discourse was emerging in the Marxist ecological thinking. This approach offers a sociohistorical explanation to the current ecological crisis by questioning the historical narrative of the Anthropocene discourse. Authors of Capitalocene are arguing that climate change and ecological crisis was not caused by the collective and homogenous humanity (predetermined by the human nature). According them capitalism’s accumulative and expropriative socioeconomic relations are responsible for climate crisis.This paper analysis how Capitalocene-arguments are applying the Marxist critique of capitalism, especially the labour theory of value and its contemporary expansions and corrections in the understanding of the current ecological crisis. The first two subchapters are summarizing World-Ecology theory of Jason W. Moore, than I interpret the debate of Moore with the Metabolic Rift school (John Bellamy Foster, Paul Burkett, Andreas Malm and others), and finally I analyse the possible normative ecopolitics from the theoretical perspective of Capitalocene.In the last decades the so-called Capitalocene discourse was emerging in the Marxist ecological thinking. This approach offers a sociohistorical explanation of the current ecological crisis by questioning the historical narrative of the Anthropocene discourse. Authors of Capitalocene are arguing that climate change and ecological crisis were not caused by the collective and homogenous humanity (predetermined by the human nature) in general. According them capitalism’s accumulative and expropriative socioeconomic relations are responsible for climate crisis.This paper analysis how Capitalocene-arguments are applying the Marxist critique of capitalism, especially the labour theory of value and its contemporary expansions and corrections in the understanding of the current ecological crisis. The first two subsections are summarizing World-Ecology theory of Jason W. Moore, than the paper interprets the debate of Moore with the Metabolic Rift school (John Bellamy Foster, Paul Burkett, Andreas Malm and others), and finally it analyses the possible normative ecopolitics from the theoretical perspective of Capitalocene.

JULIA OBERTREIS. IMPERIAL DESERT DREAMS: COTTON GROWING AND IRRIGATION IN CENTRAL ASIA, 1860–1991

Author(s): Anna Sokolova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2020

Review of: Анна Соколова - Julia Obertreis. Imperial Desert Dreams: Cotton Growing and Irrigation in Central Asia, 1860–1991. Göttingen, Germany: V&R Unipress, 2017. 536 pp. ISBN 978-3-8471-0786-6.

Тенденции в изменението на състоянието на атмосферния въздух на територията на гр. София за 12-годишен период

Author(s): Bilyana Kostova,Iva Borisova,Vilma Petkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The official data of the Executive Environment Agency (ExEA) for the contents of SO2, NO2, fine air particles, O3, CO and C6H6 in the atmospheric air on the territory of Sofia for a 12-year period (2007 – 2018) are analyzed. The trends in their seasonal and annual changes defining the air quality in the urban environment are outlined.

Геоархеологически теренни издирвания за древен рудодобив и металообработка в Западната част на Златишко-Пирдопската котловина

Author(s): Boyan Dumanov,Zhivko Uzunov,Irena Dimitrova,Bilyana Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Geo-archaeological field surveys have been carried out in the Western part of the Zlatitsa-Pirdop valley. Archaeological sites and surface collections, traces of metalworking of iron were registered to restore the economic models in ancient times.

Podniesienie poziomu standardów bezpieczeństwa z wykorzystaniem zunifikowanych norm certyfikacji na przykładzie zachodniopomorskich marin żeglarskich

Author(s): Tomasz Zalewski,Magdalena Bulikowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2018

The article is an attempt to answer the question whether the quality marks, generally perceived as very important for a given product, have an impact on safety issues in the water industry. It has been verified whether known and applied certification systems for harbors and marinas contain safety elements of the marina and its visitors, and if so, what is their level. T he article compares the most known certification systems for marinas around the world, paying special attention to safety issues – diagnosing their level from the point of view of those visiting in a given facility. Both the procedure of obtaining the certificate and the inclusion of the safety issue and the manner of displaying the certificate were analyzed. I n the course of the analysis of the data obtained and the presentation of applications, it has been proved that modern marina certification systems treat security issues seriously and at a high level, and the mere possession of a certificate positively affects the awareness of persons staying at a given facility.

Regional use of European Funds in municipal waste management in Poland

Author(s): Agnieszka Ulfik / Language(s): English Issue: 3/1/2018

РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЈA ХРАНЕ У "ЗБОРНИЦИМА ЗАКОНА И УРЕДАБА ЗА КНЕЖЕВИНУ СРБИЈУ" ИЗ ПЕТЕ ДЕЦЕНИЈЕ 19. ВЕКА

Author(s): Jelena M. Pavlović Jovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 73/2020

In this paper, we have analyzed specific linguistic and cultural representations of food within the codes of law, regulations and legal acts of the Principality of Serbia from the years 1840, 1845 and 1847. We employed historical discourse analysis, historical sociolinguistics, and general cultural studies of food as a base framework for our research. We have established that food has a marginalized status within the observed documents. We can differentiate between basic food consisting of bread and side dishes (food served for specific categories of citizens, such as soldiers, prisoners, and the ill) and luxurious food. The status of luxurious food is manifested by the presence of lexemes of foreign origin within the list of groceries. We can highlight three types of food discourse: (a) economic discourse; (b) discourse of the state act- ing as a protector of its people; (c) medical discourse. The main motivational factor to engage in talk about food is the economic interest and in those situations one can encounter food in a public place (such as customs, quarantine, farmer’s market). A discourse which governs other types of discourses is the discourse of the state acting as a protector. The state protects its food sources, especially focusing on the protection of the poor. Famine is not addressed directly, but implications of hunger can be discerned from some legal acts. The medical discourse is most prominent in the regulations concerning quarantine and border meetings, where the Fishler’s omnivore’s paradox and incorporation principle dominates the quarantine organization. The state is metaphorically perceived as a body, and the quarantine is a customs official whose job is to check whether a certain food item carries contagious diseases.

A cukor története a kapitalizmus története? (Sidney Mintz: Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History)

Author(s): Sándor Kozák / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 29/2021

Review of Sidney Mintz: Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History

35 години по-късно. Чернобилската авария в спомените на руснаци и българи

Author(s): Yulia Tsyryapkina,Yelis Erolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

On April 26, 1986, the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Soviet Ukraine occurred and it is known as one of the greatest disasters in the history of nuclear energy. Immediately after the accident, dozens of people lost their lives, hundreds developed the so-called radiation sickness, hundreds of thousands have been evacuated and displaced, and the surrounding flora and fauna were severely affected. The resulting cloud of radioactive particles passed through a number of countries in Northern, Eastern and Southern Europe and led to long-term negative consequences in the health of a significant part of the population. The following article introduces the primary results of a joint historical and ethnological study, conducted both in Russia and Bulgaria, on the memories of contemporaries of this technological disaster which had global consequences. The aim is to analyze how the population today in both countries is reflecting on the Chernobyl accident in terms of its awareness and the degree of the impact; its reaction and preparedness; the measures applied by the responsible institutions; short-termand long-term consequences. The methodology of the study at this stage includes a comparative analysis of the results of in-depth interviews among Russians and Bulgarians conducted in early 2021.

Prikazi

Author(s): Senka Božić-Vrbančić,Jelena Kupsjak,Maja Flajsig,Tanja Petrović,Velna Rončević,Andrea Matošević,Iva Grubiša,Ljiljana Marks,Iris Biškupić Bašić,Andrea Klobučar,Tea Škokić,Olga Orlić,Marijana Belaj / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 44/2021

Review of: Senka Božić-Vrbančić i Jelena Kupsjak - Feral Atlas. The More-Than-Human Anthropocene, Anna Tsing, Jannifer Deger, Alder Keleman Saxena i Feifei Zhou, ur., Stanford University Press, Stanford, 2020. Maja Flajsig - Ekofeminizam. Između ženskih i zelenih studija, Goran Đurđević i Suzana Marjanić, ur., Durieux, Zagreb, 2020., 479 str. Tanja Petrović - Transformacija rada. Narativi, prakse, režimi, Ozren Biti i Reana Senjković, ur., Institut za etnologiju i folkloristiku, Zagreb, 2021, 388 str. Velna Rončević - Anne Allison, Precarious Japan, Duke University Press, Durham, 2013., 256 str. Andrea Matošević - Priče iz konzerve. Povijest prerade i konzerviranja riba na sjeveroistočnom Jadranu, Iva Kosmos, Tanja Petrović i Martin Pogačar, ur., Srednja Europa, Zagreb, 2020., 301 str. Iva Grubiša - Jasna Čapo, Dva doma. Hrvatska radna migracija u Njemačku kao transnacionalni fenomen, Durieux, Zagreb, 2019., 392. str. Ljiljana Marks - Olga Supek, Ljeto u Detroitu. Studija jedne lokalne četvrti iz perspektive ekonomske antropologije, Hrvatsko etnološko društvo, Zagreb, 2020., 179 str. Iris Biškupić Bašić - Katarina Bušić, Zbirka narodnih nošnji hrvatske dijaspore (The Croatian Diaspora Folk Clothing Collection), Etnografski muzej, Zagreb, 2019., 192 str. Andrea Klobučar - Kapa dolje! Priča o (ne)pokrivanju glave, Mareta Kurtin, ur. Etnografski muzej, Zagreb, 2019., 344 str. Tea Škokić - Liber Monstrorum Balcanorum. Čudovišni svijet europske margine, Miranda Levanat-Peričić i Tomislav Oroz, ur., Jesenski i Turk i Institut za etnologiju i folkloristiku, Zagreb, 2019., 371 str. Olga Orlić - Devedesete. Kratki rezovi, Orlanda Obad i Petar Bagarić, ur., Institut za etnologiju i folkloristiku, Jesenski i Turk, Zagreb, 2020., 427 str. Marijana Belaj - Antropologija izvan akademije – osvrt na Godišnji skup HED-a 2020: Etnografska istraživanja na tržištu

Energia, praca i walka z entropią

Author(s): Michał Krzykawski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 44/2022

This paper argues that what we commonly mean by “labour” in industrial democracies stems from the obsolete theoretical assumptions of neoclassical economics, which also serve as foundations for a highly entropic economic process. Therefore, to determine the new purposes and functions of what working means is necessary in order to redesign economy and, consequently, to offer an alternative to the Anthropocene. The article develops Bernard Stiegler’s take on work and discusses the way Stiegler brings up to date the theoretical reflection on the transformations of work undertaken by André Gorz. The article addresses the question of work in relation to energy crisis and work automation. Advocating for a redefinition of work beyond employment, the article envisages work automation as a new opening for what work denotes, rather than the end of work. However, two conditions must be met in order to make such a change possible; it is necessary to redefine work beyond employment and socialize benefits from work automation.

Един съвременен поглед към природата в предучилищното образование

Author(s): Svetlana Angelova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2022

Съдържание на 54-тата годишнина на сп. Социологически проблеми

Author(s): Plamen Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Krytyka w technopresji

Author(s): Michał Krzykawski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (20)/2022

In the article, it is argued that in order to rejuvenate critical theory we need to revive the critique of technology first and, by the same token, redefine the very concept of critique in the context of the digital reality, with an account of how digital devices impact our ability to think in general. The function and meaning of critique under new circumstances (conceptualized as technostress) is discussed in a dialogue with three thinkers: Immanuel Kant, Michel Foucault, and Bernard Stiegler. It also suggests how Bernard Stiegler’s philosophical critique can be fruitfully these combined with social theory developed by Hartmut Rosa.

O ślepocie poznawczej i etycznej i o świeckiej humanistyce naturalnej wywiedzionej z opowiadania „Świat i ślepa dziewczyna” Adolfa Dygasińskiego

Author(s): Kordian Bakuła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 31/2022

Kordian Bakuła’s article deals with chosen problems of ecological humanities. Adolf Dygasiński’s short story has been regarded as a precursor of contemporary trends in the humanities due to the way in which it addresses issues which are alive and topical nowadays: natural cultivation of truth, sensual and direct cognition, coexistence and compassion with nature. According to Bakuła, they constitute the project of the natural secular humanities.

„Praca we krwi”. O języku podmiotu kobiecego i podmiotu zwierzęcego w „Mateczniku” Małgorzaty Lebdy

Author(s): Anouk Herman / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2022

Anouk Herman’s aim in this article is to introduce the ecofeminist theory of the animal subject and its absent referent in the poetry book Matecznik by Polish author Małgorzata Lebda. Ecofeminism provides tools for elaborate analysis of the conceptual connections between women (as well as persons of nonbinary identities) and animals and may be used as a theoretical background for ecocritical research on literature. Ecofeminist philosophers Carol J. Adams and Marti Kheel have developed theories regarding relationships of human and non-human phenomena. They examine the issues of sexuality and carnality in the context of the killing and hunting of animals, themes which constitute important motifs in Lebda’s poetry.

Teaching Conrad’s “The Secret Sharer” from the Perspective of Postcolonial Ecocriticism in Twenty-First Century Taiwan

Author(s): Pei-Wen Clio Kao / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The article explores some of the key challenges of teaching Joseph Conrad’s fiction in present-day Taiwan. It focuses on how to teach “The Secret Sharer” (1910) through the lens of ecocriticism, aided by Peter Fudakowski’s 2014 film adaptation. Targeted at a class called “Literature of the Sea,” teaching Conrad’s fiction is expected to guide students to re-evaluate the literary canon from a contemporary perspective. The film adaptation is employed as a teaching supplement to the original short story. The entire process of teaching and reading this work is structured by the threefold role of “Intercultural Translator,” “Intercultural Interpreter,” and “Intercultural Mediator” played by the director Fudakowski, the teacher, and one of the film’s characters, Li. The article reflects on how Fudakowski’s film adaption helps students understand the significance and relevance of Conrad’s short story to the twenty-first century world in general and Taiwan in particular.

Mental and Behavioural Disorders as a Result of Using Alcohol and Psychoactive Substances

Author(s): Mykhailo Zhylin,Viktoriia Mendelo,Yevhen Karpenko,Olga Samara,Yuriy Kampi / Language(s): English Issue: 81/2023

The use of alcohol and psychoactive substances manifests itself in the rapid destruction of behavioral mechanisms. Dependence on these substances suppresses a person’s behavioral and personal traits. The purpose of the academic paper is to determine the specifics of mental and behavioral disorders that may arise and develop as a result of a person’s use of alcohol and psychoactive substances, to establish tendencies in studying this issue in scientific circles, and to clarify certain practical aspects of this problem. In the course of the research, an analytical and bibliographic method was used to study the scientific literature on mental and behavioral disorders that occur as a result of using alcohol and psychoactive substances. Induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis of information, system-structural, comparative, logical-linguistic methods, abstraction, and idealization were applied to study and process data. At the same time, a questionnaire in online mode was conducted by the research authors for the practical clarification of particular aspects of mental and behavioral disorders due to using psychoactive substances and alcohol. Based on the research results, the principal and most important theoretical aspects of problems related to mental and behavioral disorders that may arise and develop as a result of a person’s use of alcohol and psychoactive substances are identified. Along with this, a standpoint of scientists-teachers of medical specialties of higher educational institutions and narcologists was studied regarding the key practical aspects of the issue outlined.

Powrót do domu. Odbudowa zniszczonej planety w „2312” Kima Stanleya Robinsona

Author(s): Katarzyna Lubawa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1 (21)/2023

This article explores the significance of Earth in the futurological vision presented by Kim Stanley Robinson in his novel titled 2312, maintained in the genre of climate fiction. Intense technological development together with the progressive degradation of the natural environment served as the foundation for a pessimistic perspective, which resulted in the motif of leaving our planet in order to build life anew in other parts of the universe in the literary discourse. Robinson contrasts this direction in thinking about the future with an optimistic narrative, centred around restoration and a return to roots. The text provides an analysis of such an approach, and shows the speculative nature of the picture of humanity outlined in Robinson’s novel. In addition, the aim of the article is to point out the links between the work and a trend which is developing in the space of science fiction – solarpunk.

Sobrietatea digitală în muzee: conjugarea dezvoltării digitale și tranziția ecologică, misiune imposibilă?

Author(s): Oana Dragotă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

An integral part of our daily lives, the digital has been an essential part in new strategies formulated by museums and cultural institutions around the world in the context of the COVID-19 crisis. On numerous occasions, various studies have analyzed the impact that the pandemic had on the digital transformation of museums and other cultural spaces. A vector of democratization and inclusion, the digital offers unique aesthetic experiences, and technology is the spearhead launched by many museums to outreach new audiences. However, the acceleration of digital content opens up new issues and raises multiple questions, especially on the environmental and social impact. The digital is responsible for about 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions. These issues are more relevant now that some museums are actively reflecting on whether to integrate or not NFTs (non-fungible tokens) or explore the metaverse. Can digital development be combined with the ecological responsibility approach in the case of cultural institutions? How can we build environmentally friendly digital strategies? What measures can museums take, in terms of digital impact, to plan for a sustainable future and limit global warming to 2° C? This article provides an introduction to the notion of digital sobriety and some practical ideas on how it can be adapted to museums, gathering reflections and examples of good practice, developed by cultural organizations around the world.