Krivičnopravna zaštita životne sredine

Usaglašenost nacionalnog prava sa pravom Evropske unije

Author(s): Branko Vučković,Vesna Vučković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The right to healthy environment is the basic human right guaranteed by the Constitution of Montenegro, which is by some formal criteria on high scale of constitution practice of states in the process of transition, and beside this it doesn’t represent the same level of goals and it doesn’t reach functional ensurence of realization of these laws, according to the basic law documents of European union.According to the European union documents, environmental protection is determined by the degree of “high level of protection”, which is not clearly regulated in the Constitution of Montenegro, including the fact that Montenegro is declared as “ecological state”. The level of law guarantee to healthy environment depends on legal nature of law that order this issue, but not only on legislative framework, but also on the consciousness of an individual,states and organizations that enforce these laws. Therefore it is necessary that sanctioning of an individual and of a state, in the case of environmental degradation should be prescribed clearly, respectively its protection has to be ensured, quality improved and promote measures constantly which a state has to apply in the case of its pollution incidents, also the responsibility of state that is considered responsible according European union regulations,no matter how its regulations are. Ecological politics of European Union follows ecological consciousness and as a result the protection and improvement of natural environment increasingly comes first in making European Union legal regulations.Montenegro as an applicant for membership in European union undertakes measures in order to coordinate its regulations to regulations of European Union which say that “high level of environmental protection” is one of the crucial legal principles.

Ja-kobieta. Przestrzeń aksjologiczna we współczesnej poezji kobiet

Author(s): Edyta Sołtys-Lewandowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This paper attempts to determine the axiological space in Polish women’s poetry. It is the experience of a subject existing between universalism and individualism that defines female axiology. Based on the poetry by Justyna Bargielska, Beata Patrycja Klary, Krystyna Miłobędzka, and Julia Fiedorczuk, the author delineates two axiological spaces: motherhood, especially the experience of miscarrying or giving birth to a sick baby, and eco-subjectivity. She demonstrates that both attitudes – maternal and ecological – display similar characteristics, which revolve around the triad of values: children, women, and animals.

Compulsory Insurance of Liability for Environmental Damage: Arguments and Consequences

Author(s): Pavla Kubová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Solution liability for environmental damage is one of the important components of enterprise-wide risk. Currently, it is necessary for the undertaking thorough knowledge of legislation, full use of the instruments in the system, from prevention to insurance. The legal doctrine is often supported by compulsory insurance as a means to protect innocent victims. Polluter's obligation to negotiate liability insurance is a good way to protect victims from insolvency polluters.

Implementation of the operational program environment in Ostrava

Author(s): Dominika Tóthová,Veronika Šranková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Due to the high concentration of heavy industry Ostrava is one of the regions with significantly polluted environment in the Czech Republic. The air pollution is the most pressing environmental issue in Ostrava. Because the insufficient air quality implicates negative health effects, it is important to look for financial options to fund the improvement of the air quality in Ostrava. The article deals with the problem of air pollution in and the potential financing of the remediation from the Structural Funds. The aim is to evaluate the use of financial support from the “Operational Program Environment” on the projects focused on the improvement of the air quality and the reduction of emissions in Ostrava.

TOPLUMSAL EKOLOJİ VE ULUSLARARASI HİYERARŞİ

Author(s): Emre Kalay / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Günümüzdeki çevre sorunlarının genellikle Sanayi Devrimi ile başladığı kabul edilir. Sanayi Devrimi ile birlikte başlayan ve halen devam eden hammaddeye duyulan müthiş ihtiyaç ve kitlesel üretimin sonucu ortaya çıkan her türden atığın kontrolsüzce doğaya salınması doğanın hem hammadde tedarikçisi hem de çöp deposu olarak sömürülmesine varmıştır. Dünyanın hızla kirlenmesi ve kirliliğin canlı yaşamı tehdit eder hale gelmesiyle 1960 ve 70’ler ile birlikte çevreci bir duyarlılık doğmuş ve sesini yükseltmeye başlamıştır. Ne var ki bu çevreci tepkiler tek sesli olmamıştır. Çevre sorunlarının kaynakları ve sorunların toptan çözümü veya etkilerinin en azından asgariye indirilmesiyle ilgili farklı görüşler farklı çevreci hareketler yaratmıştır. Bugün çevre sorunları ile ilgili çevre korumacılık, ekolojizm, toplumsal ekoloji, derin ekoloji, eko-feminizm, eko-sosyalizm gibi pek çok fikir sistematiğinden bahsedilebilir. Bu fikir sistematikleri ekolojik sorunlara bakışlarına göre genel olarak bütüncül (holistik) ve indirgemeci olarak iki başlık altında toplanabilir. İndirgemeci bakış, ekolojik sorunların kaynağı olarak insanların bilinçsiz üretim ve tüketim faaliyetlerinde bulunmalarını görürken bütüncül bakış, bunların yanı sıra toplumsal ve bireysel eşitsizlikler, hiyerarşi ve tahakküm ilişkileri ile kültürel ve yönetsel yapıları işaret etmektedir. ‘‘Çevre korumacılık’’ anlayışı indirgemeci bakış altında görülebilirken ‘‘bütüncül bakışı’’ benimseyenler ekolojik düşünce olarak adlandırılır.

YEŞİL TEORİ EKSENİNDE KÜRESELLEŞME VE TOPLUMSAL OLAYLAR

Author(s): Armağan Örki / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Toplumsal olaylar, bireylerin doğru buldukları gerçeklerin hayata geçirilmesi veya yanlış gördüklerinin durdurulması amacıyla gerçekleşen kitlesel tepkilerdir. Barışçıl anlamda gerçekleştirilen toplumsal olaylar yerine, Türkçe dilinde kendine daha geniş yer bulan “protesto” sözcüğünün Türk Dil Kurumu’na göre ilk anlamı “Bir davranışı, bir düşünceyi, bir uygulamayı haksız, yersiz, gereksiz bularak karşı çıkma, kabul etmeme” şeklinde açıklanmıştır. Amacı, yerel veya ulusal mercilerin dikkatini çekerek kamuoyu iradesini kanıtlamak ve yapılış amacının önüne geçilmesidir. Birer sosyal hareket olarak, barışçıl, tepkiyi açıkça belli eden ve dikkat toplamak için farklı yolların denendiği toplumsal olaylar içinde protestolar, şiddet içermez.

Žene i priroda

Author(s): Susan Griffin / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Autorica piše o složenom odnosu između roda (žena) i prirode (u najširem smislu te riječi obuhvaćajući sva živa bića) naglašavajući važnost povezivanja ovih tema. Ključna je postavka promjena paradigme promišljanja o rodnim i prirodnim (»okolišnim «) temama, što će dovesti do stvarnih praktičnih promjena. Time bi se redefinirale tradicionalne uloge žena, prirode I svega na što se odnosi termin Drugi.

Ekofeministička analiza vrijednosti i filozofija globanih ekosela: Jesu li žene sklonije kolektivizmu i antihijerarhiji nego muškarci?

Author(s): Martina Topić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

This paper analyses global eco–villages with a particular focus on leadership styles between men and women. Besides that, the paper analyses to what extent are women more inclined towards equality, anti–hierarchy and collectivism, in line with the values of ecofeminism. The paper is founded on constructivist epistemology and uses qualitative analysis of Internet pages of 10 eco–villages from India, USA, Germany, Australia, Portugal, Italy, Costa Rica, Sri Lanka, Peru and Scotland. The paper explores whether women founded eco–villages and if so, whether there are any differences in managing and leading between men and women, in line with the difference approach and values of ecofeminism (anti–hierarchy, equality and collectivism). The results show that out of 10 analysed villages, six were founded or co–founded by women, and there is a difference between leadership and managerial styles between women and men with the majority of ‘women’s’ eco–villages being founded on the values of ecofeminism. The results also show the necessity of anti–essentialist approach to ecofeminism since there are also villages in which women demonstrate values usually ascribed to men.

Radikalna empatija: feminizam, nejedenje mesa i aktivističke prakse

Author(s): Natalija Iva Stepanović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

I argue that refusing to eat meat is an act of compassion as well as feminist action. Even though connection between vegetarianism and femininity existed earlier, during romanticism and suffrage movement, the first consistent theory of feminist vegetarianism was The Sexual Politics of Meat written by Carol J. Adams in 1990. Adams claims that it is possible to connect our treatment of animals and our treatment of oppressed ethnic, racial and class groups and women in general with structure of absent referent. Absent referent transforms real experience of oppression into metaphor thus masking suffering. I suggest that ethic of care is feminist ethical paradigm which makes suffering visible and helps us rethink animal liberation. Second part of essay deals with activism in practice: its mainstream form (PETA’s sexist campaigns) and more radical circles. Both forms reproduce patriarchal power relationships either by treating women as objects or by marking them as sentimental or hysterical and trying to silence them.

Jožica Čeh Steger: Ekokritika i ekofeminizam

Author(s): Branislava Vičar / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Review of: Branislava Vičar - Jožica Čeh Steger: Ekokritika in literarne upodobitve narave. Maribor: Založba litera, 2015. str. 349

Ekofeminističko čitanje poezije Kamale Das

Author(s): Mirela Ribičić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Ekofeminizam kao pokret svoj nastanak duguje kako feminizmu tako I sve raširenijem zanimanju za zaštitu okoliša, tzv. ekologizmu, a zasniva se na razmišljanju o podudarnosti između središnjih teza ekologizma i feminizma, odnosno suprotstavljanju dominaciji nad prirodom i dominaciji nad ženama. Ekofeminizam se kao pokret razlikuje od drugih feminizama time što naglašava potrebu za o uvanjem prirode (okoliša, ako primjenjujemo antropocentri an termin) kao temelja feministi ke koncepcije svijeta, ali i time što uporište pronalazi u svojevrsnoj revitalizaciji kulta Majke Zemlje (Gea).

Izvatci iz recenzija

Author(s): Ana Stojanović,Zlatko Bukač,Ivica Bakota / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian Publication Year: 0

Review of: Ivica Bakota - EKOFEMINIZAM: IZMEĐU ZELENIH I ŽENSKIH STUDIJA (recenzija); Zlatko Bukač -EKOFEMINIZAM: IZMEĐU ZELENIH I ŽENSKIH STUDIJA (recenzija); Ana Stojanović -EKOFEMINIZAM: IZMEĐU ZELENIH I ŽENSKIH STUDIJA (recenzija);

Food Waste and its Impact on the Future of Mankind

Author(s): Maricica Stoica,Dimitrie Stoica / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This chapter presents food loss, food waste and Zero Waste terminology and also explores the economic consequences of food waste. Knowledge of food waste terminology and its consequences on the economic dimension can have a positive impact on the natural resource efficacy and existence of humanity in the future.

PROBLEMI SOCIJALNE EKOLOGIJE U BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKOM DRUŠTVU

Author(s): Dželal Ibraković / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

The postponed development in the field of social ecology in the area of Southeastern Europe was a result of a general delay of development, but also due to an ideological view of the environment in most of the socialistic countries. When it comes to Bosnia and Herzegovina, this development is further behind not only compared to the West and it's theorists, but compared to the neighbor countries. And while at the global level they have been many crucial events, such as the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro (1992), Bosnia and Herzegovina was not faced with the theoretical concept of sustainable development, as one of the icons of modern times, but struggled to maintain the majority of his population alive (aggression and war from 1992 to 1995.). This fact had great influence on the course of discussions about ecology. This topic has not been prioritized by the current structure of government, which was put in place by the Dayton agreement, while the field of ecology has been placed outside the government responsibility. Therefore, it is no surprise that fragmentation affected all areas, including measures to protect the environment, but also the research and theoretical groundwork along with education. These are the main drivers and conditions for the development of sociology, while the lack thereof unavoidably creates a crisis within the scientific field, easily passed on to the numerous sub fields of sociology, which includes an established domain many disciplines like social ecology, environmental sociology, ecology of urban development, sociology of housing, sociology of life quality, political ecology, as well as human ecology. Unfortunately, Bosnia and Herzegovina still does not even have an association that would gather experts from the domain, while the fundamental sociology has been neglected and divided. As such, it does not offer answers to any of the current questions regarding Bosnia and Herzegovina and the World as a whole.

Regional biogeographical model of vegetation zones in doctoral programme Regional Biography in Olomouc (Case study for Norway spruce)

Author(s): Ivo Machar,Marián Halás / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper deals with applying of regional biogeography model of climate conditions for vegetation zones in Czechia to doctoral programme Regional Geography in Palacky University Olomouc. The model is based on general knowledge of landscape vegetation zonation. Climate data for model come from predicted validated climate database under RCP8.5 scenario since 2100. Ecological data are included in the Biogeography Register database (geobiocoenological data related to landscape for cadastral areas of the Czech Republic). Mathematical principles of modelling are based on set of software solutions with GIS. Students use the model in the frame of the course “Special Approaches to Landscape Research” not only for regional scenarios climate change impacts in landscape scale, but also for assessment of climate conditions for growing capability of agricultural crops or forest trees under climate change on regional level.

Secret potential of the ecosystem services in lower secondary education in Slovakia

Author(s): Gréta Vrbičanová,Lucia Szabová,Matej Močko,Dominika Kaisová,Imrich Jakab / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Declines in biodiversity have corroborated view of scientists to promote ecosystem services to gain support for conservation of the nature from people of all ages all over the world. The ecosystem services are sparsely characterized in education literature and they are not included in the most recent iteration of Slovak standards for lower secondary education. In this paper we are introducing the concept of ecosystem services and discuss why it is an important idea to teach in lower secondary education. Main aim is to present set of conceptual ideas of how to include interdisciplinary field of ecosystem services into geography. Our approach provides an opportunity to use several teaching methods to help students make connections between modern technology and ecological, geographical and social systems. Simultaneously, it is a brand-new approach of connecting students through modern technology and ecosystem services with landscape and improve their perception in the regional geography.

Some Considerations on the Green Bonds Market Development

Author(s): Anetta Kuna-Marszałek,Jakub Marszałek / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article discusses current trends in the global bond market. Particular attention was paid to green bonds. The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions for green bonds issues in the context of changes in the environment and financial market conditions. More than 600 issues of such securities throughout the world were analyzed over the years 2010-2016. The analysis included the issuer's nationality structure, bond’s maturity and yield to maturity, the currency the bonds were denominated in and bond’s risk assessment. We also analyzed changes in NOx and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and energy consumption. Data were obtained from the World Bank and Thomson Reuters’s Eikon databases. Statistical study was supplemented with literature studies of green bonds reports. Using descriptive statistics analysis (arithmetic mean, median, standard deviation) and significance test of differences it has been shown that green bonds are primarily used to finance investments in highly developed countries. This means that their direct impact on the environment is difficult to be identified. Beneficiaries are mainly companies developing new technologies. In turn, issues from poorer regions are also targeted to the developed capital markets to reduce the cost of financing. This means that the “green nature” of these bonds is highly debated, and the environmental aspect seems to be only a lure for investors.

ЕКОЛОГИЧНА КУЛТУРА И ОТГОВОРНОСТ

Author(s): Irena Emilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The topic of human interaction with nature is always relevant. It is a challenge not only for scientific thought, but also for the daily life of each of us. The unprecedented situation in which we find ourselves and in which we live makes us more responsible. Responsibility is part of behaviour and is associated with long-term orientation of actions. The main idea we defend in this paper is that the conscious search for causality in the relation: „ecological culture – responsibility“ makes it possible to reveal the potential of culture as a phenomenon in solving ecological problems.

Ekogirişimcilik: Sistematik Bir Literatür İncelemesi

Author(s): Sedef Gülsüm AKSU,Nurcan Hakan ÇIRAKLAR / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Çevresel bozulma, belki de 21. yüzyılın en önde gelen küresel sorunu haline gelmiş bulunmaktadır. Bugünün toplumunun karşı karşıya olduğu acımasız, karmaşık sosyal ve çevresel zorluklar, tüketim ve üretim kalıplarının yeniden yapılandırılması ve daha yeşil bir ekonomiye ve ekolojik olarak sürdürülebilir bir geleceğe geçişi sağlama zorunluluğunu vurgulamaktadır (De Bruin, 2016: 10). Çünkü geleneksel ekonomide, örneğin işletmenin başarısı, kereste elde edilirken doğaya verilen zarardan kaynaklanan kirlilik veya bu sebepten kaynaklanan iklim değişikliğinin maliyetini ölçmemektedir. Atmosferimizi değiştirmenin dolaylı fakat muazzam maliyeti büyük ölçüde göz ardı edilmektedir (Croston, 2009: 4).

Kahramanmaraş İlinin Ormanlık Alanlarının Rekreasyonel Potansiyeli

Author(s): Taner Aydın,Remzi Tefek / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

In this study, the recreation potential of forest areas in Kahramanmaraş province was analysed. Kahramanmaraş is a province with a high outdoor recreation potential with its forest cover above the average of Turkey. In the province, there are areas with protection status such as Nature Reserve, Nature Park, Wildlife Development Area and forest parks classified as A, B, C, D type. Apart from these areas, some of which are subject to intensive recreational activities, there are other areas where various activities can be carried out. Recreation areas in the province have some problems such as transportation, infrastructure, recognition and protection. Solving these problems will enable the forest areas in the province to be used by more people from the province, the region and even outside the region. The earthquakes on 6 February 2023, which continued with aftershocks in the following periods, destroyed the settlements in the province to a great extent and caused many casualties. In terms of solving or alleviating the mental problems experienced by the earthquake-affected population, it is important that natural areas where the earthquake effect is not observed should be more subject to recreation and these activities should be popularised especially among the earthquake-affected individuals. In this regard, management elements should carry out systematic studies.