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"Baby Boom" generacije na pragu penzionisanja

"Baby Boom" generacije na pragu penzionisanja

Author(s): Jelena N. Stojilković Gnjatović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2010

Sudden increase in the number of live births after the Second World War due to an increase in fertility rates has led to the formation of cohorts with specific characteristics or baby boom generation. This generation is unique in the history of the demographic phenomenon that has affected and affects the functioning of many segments of society. The aim of this paper is to assess structure of baby boomers who are few years away from retirement, using demographic data. Impact of baby boomer age structure of current and future retirees is described with a graphical display of current and projected age pyramid of baby boomers. Demographic pattern that women live longer than men is evident in the projected pyramid. In addition, the number of baby boomers will lead to a "younger" old population. The imbalance in the number of men and women pensioners, as well as older cohorts of women and female baby boomers was analysed. As a result, an increasing trend of women's age pensioners who are members of the baby boom generation was clearly observed, which is opposite to the older cohort of women who often were family pensioners. Different circumstances and conditions in which female boomers lived and worked will form a new "pension model" because they will gain their benefits as well as men, for the first time in significant number, unlike their mothers, which gained the right to retire after they become widows. Number of women age pensioners is getting greater compering to men, as the result of changes in the economic activities of women in the last half of the 20th century. When baby boomers retire and exit the working population, this will create a vacuum, because the numerically smaller generations will enter working population, while the sudden and very shortly, the number of population older than 60 or 65 will increase, most of them will likely to acquire the right to a pension. It is undeniable that baby boomers had impact on demographic structure, but also on society as a whole. They have been extremely important factor of development of our country during their working career, they are healthier then previous generation and many of them possess the knowledge and experience gained by the years, so rigid prediction of future changes that will produce the retirement of this generation has no excuses. Retired baby boom generation will perhaps lead to new, better way of life in old age.

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"MALE" MANJINE

"MALE" MANJINE

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Prerastanje nacionalizma u vladajuću ideologiju neizbežno je zaoštrilo problem manjina. Na etnički izmešanim teritorijama primena načela "jedna nacija jedna država" nije bila moguća bez nasilja nad pripadnicima manjina. Doduše, nasilje nije bilo jednako upereno prema svim manjinama – neke manjine su stavljane u "izlog" i služile su, pre svega, u legitimacijske svrhe režima, dok je protiv drugih mobilisana javnost, a primeri nasilja nad njima tolerisani. Smenom Miloševićevog režima nestalo je straha da će manjine biti ponovo podvrgnute represiji. Budući da su i same u velikoj meri doprinele krahu starog režima, manjine su od nove vlasti očekivale da, u skladu sa deklarisanim ciljevima – integracije zemlje u međunarodnu zajednicu i izgradnje društva gde manjine neće biti tretirane kao javni neprijatelji – stvori novi institucionalni poredak u kome bi na lakši i efikasniji način ostvarivale svoja prava i unapređivale svoje interese. Zakon o zaštiti prava i sloboda nacionalnih manjina, usvojen od strane Savezne skupštine krajem februara 2002. godine, tim zahtevima izlazi ususret, pre svega tako što inovira institucionalni poredak. Najvažnija institucija, Nacionalni saveti, pobudili su veliko interesovanje manjina, jer se preko njih ostvaruje manjinska samouprava u oblastima važnim za očuvanje nacionalnog identiteta manjina – obrazovanju, kulturi, informisanju i službenoj upotrebi jezika. Osim ove, Zakon predviđa stvaranje još dve institucije – Saveznog saveta za nacionalne manjine i Saveznog fonda za nacionalne manjine. Cilj osnivanja prve institucije je očuvanje, unapređenje i zaštira posebnosti manjina i njihovih prava, a druge podsticanje kulturnog, društvenog i opšteg razvoja nacionalnih manjina. Spomenuti zakon je, kao što je poznato, naišao na pohvalne ocene predstavnika međunarodne zajednice, kao i predstavnika manjina koji su učestvovali u njegovoj izradi. No, na račun ovoga zakona izrečene su i vrlo oštre kritike. Interesantno je da u kritikama i razgovorima o spomenutom zakonu nije posebno tematiziran položaj "malih" manjina. Po mišljenju Helsinškog odbora za ljudska prava u Srbiji, Zakon o manjinama više odgovara Bošnjacima i Mađarima, nego Česima ili Nemcima, dakle uticajnijim i velikim, nego malobrojnim manjinama, iako bi bilo posve logično da on više izlazi ususret manjinama koje su, upravo zbog malobrojnosti i oskudnih kapaciteta, daleko više podložne asimilaciji od manjina koje imaju snažnu elitu, izgrađenu infrastrukturu, organizacije, medije i političke partije. Uveren da od brojnosti neke manjine ne zavise i njena prava, Helsinški odbor je pažnju posvetio upravo "malim" manjinama, podrazumevajući pri tome Jevreje, Čehe, Ukrajince, Nemce, Aškalije i Makedonce. U Vojvodini, kao izrazito etnički i kulturno heterogenoj sredini, postoje i manjine koje su malobrojnije od spomenutih. Prema rezultatima prošlogodišnjeg popisa, u Vojvodini je, na primer, registrovan 101 pripadnik vlaške zajednice. No, za razliku od Vlaha ili, pak, Bošnjaka (na popisu je 417 građana deklarisalo svoju pripadnost bošnjačkoj zajednici), pripadnici manjina kojima se bavilo ovo istraživanje čine napore da očuvaju svoj identitet. Osim toga, većina pripadnika ovih manjina živi skoncentrisana upravo u Vojvodini, što se za Vlahe ili Bošnjake ne može reći, jer prvi u najvećem broju žive u istočnoj Srbiji, a drugi u Sandžaku. Izuzetak su Makedonci. Više pripadnika ove manjine živi u centralnoj Srbiji, nego u Vojvodini. Makedonci su interesantni zbog još jednog razloga. Oni su (11.785) najbrojnija od svih gore pomenutih manjina. Zapravo, makedonska zajednica u Vojvodini broji više pripadnika nego sve spomenute manjine zajedno (10.498). Njih smo uvrstili zato što je proces asmilacije pripadnika ove zajednice najdalje odmakao. Recimo, kada je reč o ostvarivanju nekih kolektivnih prava, kao što je pravo na informisanje, Makedonci se nalaze u najnezavidnijoj situaciji, jer nemaju čak ni interna glasila kakvi su, na primer, bilteni. Tek u poslednjih nekoliko godina oni čine stanovite napore da očuvaju svoju nacionalnu posebnost. Jedan od ciljeva ovog projekta je bio upravo to da skrene pažnju javnosti na položaj i probleme sa kojima su suočene "male" manjine, da o nekima od tih problema organizuje javnu debatu i, napokon, naznači određena rešenja. U tom pogledu razgovori sa pripadnicima "malih" manjina pokazali su se kao veoma dragoceni u identifikovanju problema, a rasprave na Helsinškom forumu kao značajne i korisne u sugerisanju određenih preporuka i rešenja. Projekat "Male manjine" elaboriran je u vidu Monitoring missions, Helsinškog foruma i tribina.

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"V hlave tridsať, v krížoch sto". Starnutie v autobiografiách v Bratislave a Viedni.
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"V hlave tridsať, v krížoch sto". Starnutie v autobiografiách v Bratislave a Viedni.

Author(s): Ľubica Voľanská / Language(s): Slovak

Európa šedivie. Staroba a starnutie sa tak stále častejšie stávajú predmetom mediálneho, sociálno-politického i výskumníckeho záujmu. Subjektívne prežívanie tejto životnej etapy i starnutia ako procesu je však v stredoeurópskom prostredí v sociálnych vedách skúmané málo. Ľubicu Voľanskú zaujímali motivácie správania sa a činností starých ľudí, ich postoje k vlastnému správaniu a konaniu a k správaniu a konaniu iných, ako sú zobrazené v ich autobiografických textoch. V monografii sleduje ambivalentné vnímanie staroby vo verejnom a odbornom diskurze prepojené s vnímaním starými ľuďmi v súvislosti s hranicami staroby. Bežne kladené otázky: Kto je starý? Ako možno stanoviť časovú alebo inú hranicu, odkedy je človek starý? necháva zodpovedať svojich partnerov a partnerky vo výskume. Ich výpovede dáva do kontextu širokej odbornej literatúry, ktorá sa hranicou staroby a prežívaním staroby zaoberá.

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"Važno je imati moćnog vođu!" Analiza autoritarnosti u hrvatskom društvu od 1999. do 2018. godine

"Važno je imati moćnog vođu!" Analiza autoritarnosti u hrvatskom društvu od 1999. do 2018. godine

Author(s): Krunoslav Nikodem / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2019

The primary goal of this paper is the analysis of authoritarianism in Croatian society which is based on the results from the European Values Study. In a theoretical sense, we are following Bob Altemeyer’s concept of authoritarianism, which is defined as the combination of three attitudinal clusters–authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression and conventionalism (Altemeyer, 1988). The analysis is divided into two parts. In the first part we analyse separately eight particles which comprise our authoritarian construct with the basic socio-demographic characteristics for the year 2018. In the second part we use the authoritarianism index as criterion for the three-predictor model (socio-demographic characteristics, religiosity and trust). On the basic level, the results show an increase of those who consider that having a strong leader is good and that it would be a good thing to have greater respect for authority in the near future. Further analysis shows that a lower level of education, the importance of God in life, and trust in the Church are the most important predictors for authoritarianism in Croatian society.

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"Ханска Украйна - Мукатаа Томбасар" (края на XVII-XVIII век)
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"Ханска Украйна - Мукатаа Томбасар" (края на XVII-XVIII век)

Author(s): Alexander Sereda / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of the paper is to explore the region of Northwest Black Sea lands in the early 17th-18th centuries, in the context of the Ottoman and Crimean administrative and territorial structure; the political preconditions for the formation of Khan Ukraine - special administrative and territorial unit with the Ukrainian-Kazakh population under Crimean governance; the organization of the economical and fiscal district "Muqataa Tombasar" in the framework of Khan Ukraine. It presents the defter (register) of the revenues and expanses in Muqataa Tombasar and localizes the settlements and their population in the Northwest Black Sea region.

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(Geo)Demografie nejen pro ekonomy
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(Geo)Demografie nejen pro ekonomy

Author(s): Josef Kunc,Martina Jaňurová,Aneta Krajíčková,Petr Tonev,Václav Toušek / Language(s): Czech

The publication is intended primarily for teaching the subject Demography, which takes place in the bachelor study program Regional Development and Tourism at ESF MU. Its further use can be found in other programs and branches of economically or naturally oriented faculties. The form of the text is oriented to the form of a university text, the content combines elements of demographic analysis and regional demography with an emphasis on the study of populations or more precisely inhabitants of state units, regions and macro-regions and interpretations of their spatial, economic and socio-cultural similarities and differences.

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(NE)NAMJERNA NEOBAVIJEŠTENOST O NEKIM NEUTEMELJENIM ETNIČKIM RAZVRSTAVANJIMA STANOVNIŠTVA STAROG BARA U NOVIJOJ ISTOGRAFSKOJ I ETNOGRAFSKOJ PUBLIKACIJI
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(NE)NAMJERNA NEOBAVIJEŠTENOST O NEKIM NEUTEMELJENIM ETNIČKIM RAZVRSTAVANJIMA STANOVNIŠTVA STAROG BARA U NOVIJOJ ISTOGRAFSKOJ I ETNOGRAFSKOJ PUBLIKACIJI

Author(s): Suljo Mustafić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 37-38/2007

Stari Bar, sve do početka 20. stoljeća, jedino urbano gradsko jezgro na ovom području, kroz svoju burnu i bogatu prošlost mijenjao je i svoju etničku strukturu. Teško je danas pouzdano utvrditi ko su bili njegovi prastanovnici, o kojima se tek ponešto saznaje na osnovu arheoloških nalaza i iskopina; malo se zna o tome ko su bili njegovi prvi graditelji, a ko rušitelji ili osvajači. Sigurno je da je dominantno ilirsko i romansko stanovništvo preplavljeno slovenskim osvajanjima, te da je u simbiozi tih skupina nastajao i prvi grad, kakvih ga, makar u razvalinama, danas zatičemo. Kasnije je to je bio jedan od centara prve slovenske države Duklje. Vladala je njime i Vizantija i Raška, pa kroz veoma dug period i Mletačka republika. Više od tri stoljeća Barom dominira Osmanska imeprija, da bi se od 1878. godine našao u granicama Crne Gore.

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10 let se Sdílením z Telče

10 let se Sdílením z Telče

Author(s): Hana Roztočilová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2018

There is no sharing like the "Sharing" organisation. This article does not aim to provide information on social networks or the sharing of a variety of more or less useful information on the ever-evolving shared economy. Rather, the author aims to introduce the reader to the "Sharing" organisation which was founded ten years ago in the author's "almost" native town of Telč. "Sharing" is a non-profit organisation that provides a wide variety of social and health services in Telč and the surrounding area. The organisation provides assistance to seniors, disabled persons, the incurably sick and their families. The staff of "Sharing" provide assistance to those who both want and are able to live at home with their loved ones despite all the limitations associated with their current life situation, i.e. they provide support for such persons to remain at home while, at the same time, enjoying the best possible quality of life.

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1834/1250 TARİHLİ NÜFUS DEFTERLERİNE GÖRE KÜTAHYA SANCAĞINDA REAYA NÜFUS

1834/1250 TARİHLİ NÜFUS DEFTERLERİNE GÖRE KÜTAHYA SANCAĞINDA REAYA NÜFUS

Author(s): Lokman Aydin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 19/2019

In 1826, upon the abolition of the Janissaries, the census was carried out in order to meet the military needs of the state and to determine its financial status and started to be recorded in the population books of Muslim and non-Muslim men. The first general population census was completed in 1831 in the Ottoman territory in this sense, and later the records were updated in the form of population surveys. When the population books kept together with the counts started to be sent to the center, organizational structures related to the subject started to be formed in Istanbul and in the provinces. Kütahya was the center of the Anatolian Beylerbeylik since the second half of the 15th century and the center of Hüdavendigar province since 1841. In the Prime Ministry's Ottoman Archives, Hüdavendigar State, Kütahya Sanjak, Kütahya Kazası Reaya Population Book and the book registered with NFS.d./1622 are the most important sources for the determination of non-Muslim population living in various parts of Kütahya accident in 1834. Based on this book, an examination and evaluation of the non-Muslim population living in Kütahya was carried out in this study.

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1835 NÜFUS SAYIMINA GÖRE ARDANUÇ SANCAĞININ DEMOGRAFİK YAPISI

1835 NÜFUS SAYIMINA GÖRE ARDANUÇ SANCAĞININ DEMOGRAFİK YAPISI

Author(s): Ali İrfan KAYA,Faruk TAŞKIN / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 42/2019

Since its foundation, Ottoman State classified and recorded in the Tahrir Defterleri (Tax Registers) the territories it conquered according to their revenues. Based on these records, researchers endeavour to have estimated demographic data on the Ottoman State. Similar practices continued as part of other practices in the later periods of the Empire such as Avârız Defterleri, Temettü’ât Defterleri, etc. In the Ottoman State, the first census in modern sense was conducted in Anatolia and Rumelia provinces during the reign of Mahmut II in 1831 (H. 1251). This census included only male population. It appears that the census starting in 1831 continued for 3-5 years. At the time, the census in Ardanuc sanjak of Cıldır province was carried out in 1251 in the Islamic calendar (A.D. 1835). This census recorded Muslim and non-Muslim populations in central Ardanuc and its villages. Ardanuc register of 1835 including Muslim, non-Muslim and Copt registers provides information about the male population in a total of 48 settlements with Ardanuç Kal’ası as the centre in Ardanuc sanjak. Some of the villages mentioned in the study may not be within the borders of Ardanuc municipality today.

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1840/41 Tarihinde Balat Kazasi Nüfusu Ve Demografik Özellikleri (2916 Numarali Nüfus Defterine Göre)

1840/41 Tarihinde Balat Kazasi Nüfusu Ve Demografik Özellikleri (2916 Numarali Nüfus Defterine Göre)

Author(s): Mustafa Mesut Özekmekçi / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 03/2018

The Census records which were started to be kept during the reign of Sultan II. Mahmut and produced according to these records and known in the archive as NFS.d, are the most significant sources for analyzing the Ottoman provincial population from the demographic and socioeconomic aspects. The population book (Nüfus Defteri), which is the source of the study, has been classified as number 2916 in the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archive. Through this book, Balat's Muslim male population was tried to be evaluated in the demographic direction. In addition, the demographic characteristics of the Greek population in Balat are compared with the ones of the Muslims. Balat was an important point of trade and settlement in Western Anatolia from antiquity to XVII. century. In the course of time subprovince has lost its significance in the region because of the epidemic diseases and the failure in the rehabilitation of the agricultural land. Balat, which had the smallest number of houses and population of the muhassilik unit and is subject to Söke Muhassılığına, was established in the Sancak of Sığla (Distirict of Sığla) in the first half of the XIX century.

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1923 Türk-Yunan Nüfus Mübadelesi Ve Günümüzde Mübadil Kimlik Ve Kültürlerinin Yaşatilmasi

1923 Türk-Yunan Nüfus Mübadelesi Ve Günümüzde Mübadil Kimlik Ve Kültürlerinin Yaşatilmasi

Author(s): Gökçe Bayindir Goularas / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2012

During the period of the Turkish Republic, the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey marked one of the largest migrations into Turkey. As a result of this mandatory migration, the lives of thousands of people were changed. The exchanged population, in addition to their efforts to be integrated into their new homeland, sought to preserve their identities and cultures of origin, which had been shaped by their natal territories. This work presents a study on the survival of identities and cultures of both the old and new generations of the exchanged. In particular, village cafés, associations, foundations, and the influence of Internet will be examined in order to demonstrate the role that different generations played in this effort to ensure identity survival.

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1927 Nüfus Sayimina Göre Aksaray Vilayetinin Nüfus Özellikleri

1927 Nüfus Sayimina Göre Aksaray Vilayetinin Nüfus Özellikleri

Author(s): Ibrahim Öztürk / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 03/2018

In the years of establishment of the republic a population census that allows to evaluate aspects of qualifications and quantity of community living in Anatolia, detailed records and data were not available. Ensuring the foundation of the nation-state for the newly established Republic of Turkey, determining the population in Anatolia through modern methods and population census in order to use the country's economic resources efficiently was very important. Therefore, Statistics Department was established in 1926 to designate qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the population of Turkey and determine the values related to population. The first general population census was carried out on October 28, 1927, after the census law was enacted on 2 June 1926. This census population includes social and economic data such as the marital status of the population, literacy status, disabilities and economic activities and this increases the importance of the 1927 General Population Census. The fact that the first population census realized by the Republican administration was carried out in accordance with the standards of the Western countries, is also important. In this study, the issues of the population of Aksaray province according to the results of 1927 General Population Census were evaluated. In the research, it was aimed to reveal the social, cultural and economic characteristics of the province of Aksaray in 1927, such as the male-female, literate, religious structure, used native language and profession of the population. About the research topic Prime Ministry Statistics General Directorate 1927 Public Census and various analytical texts published on population were examined and the demographic characteristics of Aksaray province were tried to be detailed within the information obtained.

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1970–1984 metais Lietuvoje gimusios kohortos reprodukciniai sprendimai

1970–1984 metais Lietuvoje gimusios kohortos reprodukciniai sprendimai

Author(s): Ernesta Platūkytė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 50 (01)/2022

Even though childbirth in developed societies is increasingly associated with compromises in pursuit of a professional career, education, or other important goals, parenthood has remained an important significant life stage in the process of family formation. Change of structural and contextual circumstances influences the decision of individuals on whether to have children or not, and this increasingly depends on the desire to fulfil personal wishes and satisfy personal needs. Using qualitative research, this paper analyzes the reproductive decisions of a cohort born in Lithuania during the period of 1970–1984. The research informants are often referred to as a generation of a “natural social experiment”; a generation that experienced an active stage of family life in the conditions of drastic societal change. An analysis of personal accounts displays that for this generation, marriage had been the most favourable form of family formation, and procreative decisions were greatly influenced by the prevailing contextual circumstances in society. Maintaining the sequence of normativity of the life course created favourable conditions for those born in Lithuania in 1970–1984 to have children, and procreative expectations were associated with the institutionalization of family relations.

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21st Century Slowdown: The Historic Nature of Recent Declines in the Growth of the Immigrant Population in the United States
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21st Century Slowdown: The Historic Nature of Recent Declines in the Growth of the Immigrant Population in the United States

Author(s): Peter Norlander,Todd A Sørensen / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

We document that the slowdown in the growth of the immigrant population in the United States since 2000 is the largest observed using Census data since 1870. Non-parametric tests reveal that the sharp decline is similar in magnitude to changes in migration growth rates that followed the two major historical regime changes in U.S. immigration policy. Migration rates are slowing across nearly all age, sex, educational and country of origin categories that we examine. We find that the stock of adult migrants under age 30 is smaller in 2015 than in 2000, a potential precursor to a declining overall stock, as was seen around the introduction of the national quotas regime in 1920. Heterogenous changes have led to slower declines for men than women, and an increase in the relative scarcity of low-skilled labor. Approximately half of the overall decline is due to falling Mexican immigration.

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7-10 YAŞ ARASI YÜZME YAPAN ÇOCUKLARDA ANTROPOMETRİK VE SOMATOTİP DEĞİŞKENLER

7-10 YAŞ ARASI YÜZME YAPAN ÇOCUKLARDA ANTROPOMETRİK VE SOMATOTİP DEĞİŞKENLER

Author(s): Sibel Hande HINÇAL,Vahdet Özkoçak,Yener Bektaş,Timur Gültekin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2018

Material and Methods: In TOBB ETU pool on March 17/2018, individuals between 7-10 years who regularly practice swimming and swam as amateurs on behalf of the clubs were selected as participants. 96 individuals participated in the study as 42 female and 54 male, anthropometric measurements of triceps, biceps, subscapular, suprailiac and calf skin fold thicknesses (d.k.k.), elbow, knee, shoulder, chest width, chest depth, upper arm, neck and ankle circumference were obtained. The measurements were taken in accordance with the techniques prescribed by the International Biological Program. The length measurement was performed with a Martin-type anthropometer and a weight of ± 100 gr digital weighing. Participants wear swimwear in the measurements. Findings: For anthropometric measurements, there was a significant difference between the genders of elbow knee circumference and breast depth (p<0.05). Somatotype values in girls was found with values of 4.7-5.1-3.0 as mesomorphic -endomorph and in males was found with values of- 4.2-5.7-2.8 as endomorfic mesomorph.

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A benefit-based approach for increasing the effectiveness of promotions

A benefit-based approach for increasing the effectiveness of promotions

Author(s): Marusya Ivanova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2012

The purpose of this paper is to reveal some insights for increasing the effectiveness of promotions. To achieve this purpose, first, the existence of multiple customer benefits of promotions is proved. It is empirically validated that promotions deliver three utilitarian (monetary savings, higher quality and shopping convenience) and two hedonic (variety and pleasure) benefits to the customers. Second, a structural equation model is estimated to measure the relative contribution of these benefits on the customers’ overall evaluation of promotions. The research suggests that in order to increase their effectiveness, promotions must be framed by focusing not only on their primary benefits but also on all other benefits with a significant contribution to customers’ attitudes towards promotions. Finally, a benefit-based segmentation is conducted. Four market clusters are identified (none-benefit, allbenefit, utilitarian-benefit and hedonic-benefit customer segments). Further, these clusters are profiled using demographic and psychographic variables.

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A contribution to the sociological study of population: Suzana Marković Krstić (2021), Population in the Sociological Context, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš, Niš, 331 pp.

A contribution to the sociological study of population: Suzana Marković Krstić (2021), Population in the Sociological Context, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš, Niš, 331 pp.

Author(s): Nenad M. Stanojević / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2022

The paper presents a review of the textbook Population in the Sociological Context by Professor Suzana Marković Krstić, PhD. At the beginning, the importance of the sociological study of population is indicated, as well as the necessity of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches in studying this topic. Then the structure of the textbook is given, with the analysis of the key matters of the sociological study of population the author deals with.

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A counselling line for problem and pathological gambling in South Africa: Preliminary data analysis

A counselling line for problem and pathological gambling in South Africa: Preliminary data analysis

Author(s): Dan J. Stein,Adele Pretorius,Heidi Sinclair / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2014

Various countries and states have established telephone counselling lines for people with pathological or problem gambling. Data from such services may contribute to describing systematically the nature of gambling problems in a particular area. To date, however, few data have been published on such a telephone counselling line in a low or middle income country. Method: Data on calls to the telephone counselling line of the National Responsible Gambling Foundation of South Africa were captured over a 6-month period. Such data include socio-demographic variables, the primary reason for calling, the source of the referral, preferred method of gambling, impairment as a consequence of gambling, and history of treatment for psychiatric disorders, comorbid alcohol abuse and illicit drug use. Results: Calls were received from a broad range of people; the mean age of callers was 37 years, the majority were male (62%) and many were married (45%). Primary reasons for calling included the feeling of being unable to stop gambling without the help of a professional (41%), financial concerns (32%), legal problems (13%), pressure from family (10%), and suicidal thoughts (2%). The majority of callers contacted the counselling line after having heard about it by word of mouth (70%). The most common forms of gambling were slot machines (51%) and casino games (21%). Fourteen percent of callers reported having received help for other psychiatric disorders, 11% reported alcohol use disorders and 6% illicit drug use. Conclusion: These data from South Africa are consistent with prior research indicating that pathological and problem gambling are seen in a range of socio-demographic groups, and that such behaviour is associated with significant morbidity and comorbidity. More work is needed locally to inform younger gamblers, gamblers using the informal gambling sector, and unemployed gamblers of the existing telephone counselling lines.

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A Criminological Analysis of Trans-Border Crimes of Illela-Birnin Konni Corridor

A Criminological Analysis of Trans-Border Crimes of Illela-Birnin Konni Corridor

Author(s): Ishaq Karofi USMAN / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2022

The paper explores the causes and effects of trans-border crime on two border communities: Illela and Birnin Konni border towns. The persistence and consistency of trans-border crime issue inspired the desire to carry out a study from which this paper emanates. The strain/ anomy theory and differential association theories were used as guides to the problem examined in the paper. Snowball and purposive or judgmental sampling procedures were adopted and a sample size of 271 respondents was chosen. This figure was arrived using Raosoft 2004 sample size of calculator by using 5% marginal error, 90% confidential level and 50% respondent distribution. Mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative were adopted. While questionnaire was designed and administered to designated respondents for the qualitative method, interview sessions were conducted with one each selected staff from the Customs, Immigration, Police Force, NDLEA and Civil Defense. There was 57.6 % response rate as 156 respondents out of 271 returned the questionnaire given to them and three (3) key informants were interviewed. The paper found smuggling of petroleum products as the major (89%) trans-border crime with poverty as the leading cause of transborder crime as indicated by (38.3%) of the respondents. The paper then recommends that parent should instill discipline on their wards/children and proper socialization to avoid peer group influence on their children.

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