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This article discusses the key problems of determining the jurisdiction of courts in matters of social security. The advantage of a broad reference to the jurisprudence of Polish courts and representative of ref. The author formulates a number of de lege ferenda postulates, based also on the practical application of the legislation.
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The Euro Health Consumer Index of 2013, comprehensively assessing of the condition of European healthcare systems, which shows, that Polish healthcare system takes the infamous 4th place from the bottom (31 to 35). It is shows, that the situation of the polish healthcare system in complicated and poor. As part of this research was examined the most popular and important papers and reports comparing healthcare systems in the world. The results of the research describe three reform’s areas and give the worldwide examples, which could improve healthcare system in Poland.
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The text presents the genesis of the Act of 13 July 1939 on Facilitating Adoption of Minors. The Act was passed by Polish Parliament just before World War II broke and had significant importance in the process of adopting orphans during the war. The bill was proposed by the MP Eugeniusz Jurkowski. The bill contained very radical solutions. It referred only to minor children. The act of adoption should have been validated trough court’s proceedings, and the results of adoption were constructed as adoptio plena. During the legislation process the bill was seriously changed and some of the progressive solutions were eliminated. Nevertheless, the Act seems to be a big achievement of Polish legislators. The regulations proposed in the Act were introduced into Polish Family and Guardianship Code of 1964, which is still in power.
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The article is a personal reflection on old age. On the basis of his own memories author (born in 1934) sets the basic life tasks of old age as an important period of life, forecasting very important challenges of ageing for the future.
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The article presents a comprehensive system of prevention of violence against the elderly people, which includes four integrally connected areas: education, mass media, the state and the law. The fifth component is science (research, diagnosis, surveys, concepts, paradigms and theories) which can be a kind of a staple binding together the items of prophylaxis mentioned above. The knight-errant syndrome is also discussed, when sincere intentions to help can turn against the harmed person. Therefore, while seeking preventive action to eliminate violence against the elderly from family and/or public life, one should be aware of the aforementioned syndrome so as not to worsen the situation of the victims of violence.
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Announcement for ninth scientific and training conference entitled Old age on the road, or wisdom of life and the fate of a man of late adulthood, which will take place at the Palace of Zagłębie Culture in Dąbrowa Górnicza on 28 September 2017.
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The problem of old age and aging are interdisciplinary issues that are the subject of discourse at the level of many scientific disciplines. This is due to the fact that people are aging not only in biological terms but also in psychological and social terms. What is more, along with the process of broadly understood modernization and urbanization of societies, the phenomenon of old age ceased to be exclusively a personal matter of man and became an important issue concerning entire human communities.
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This paper addresses the issue of violence and abuse of older persons which, due to an increased level of public sensitivity and continuing reminders from governmental and non-governmental institutions, is becoming a subject of increased attention. The author focus on domestic violence and abuse and present and describe various ways of prevention from violence and abuse of older persons from the aspects of the legislation, human rights and the role of the Slovenian police.
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Ovaj rad se bavi pitanjem nasilja i zlostavljanja starijih osoba koji, zbog povećanog nivoa javne osetljivosti i stalnih pominjanja od strane vladinih i nevladinih institucija, postaje predmet sa povećanom pažnjom. Autor se fokusira na nasilje u porodici i sadašnje zlostavljanje i opisuje različite načine moguće zaštite od nasilja i zlostavljanja starijih osoba sa aspektima zakona, ljudskih prava i uloge slovenačke policije.
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For the functioning and development of society the great significance have demographic processes and changes (natural population growth, fertility, birth rate, mortality rate, aging of population, changes in regard to marriage, the frequency of celibacy, divorce). This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of these processes and changes in contemporary society. The trends of demographic changes are not the same in all societies in the world. In developed societies today can be observed, with minor differences, the same demographic trends – low and/or negative natural population growth, the rapid aging of population, low mortality rates, increasing of the divorces and the like. On the other hand, in underdeveloped societies are born many children, where weak economic conditions are conducive to a deterioration in the material, social and health status of the population (illness and mortality, particularly of women and children). This clearly indicates that demographic processes and changes are not directly influenced by economic and social factors (the level of education, the development of society in general, etc.), but that there are a number of indirect social factors causing it (national, class, political, cultural, religious and other). In response to the unfavorable demographic trends (population size, the age of the population, etc.) and the consequences which population factor creates in many economic and social areas (reduction of the working population, the burden of social security funds, etc.), in the past two decades in the most countries population policy was placed in the area of population fertility - there were introduced the pro-natalist measures in developed countries and measures to discourage procreation in underdeveloped countries.
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Za funkcionisanje i razvoj društva veliki značaj imaju demografski procesi i promjene (prirodni priraštaj, fertilitet, natalitet, mortalitet, starenje stanovništva, promjene u vezi sa sklapanjem braka, učestalost celibata, razvod braka). U radu se analiziraju uzroci i posljedice ovih procesa i promjena u savremenom društvu. Trendovi demografskih promjena nisu isti u svim društvima u svijetu. U razvijenim društvima danas se zapažaju, s neznatnim razlikama, isti demografski trendovi – nizak i/ili negativan prirodni priraštaj, izrazito starenje stanovništva, niske stope mortaliteta, povećanje razvoda braka i sl. Na drugoj strani, u nerzvijenim društvima se rađa veliki broj djece, gdje slabi ekonomski uslovi pogoduju pogoršanju materijalnog, socijalnog i zdravstvenog stanja stanovništva (bolest i smrtnost, naročito, žena i djece). Ovo jasno ukazuje na činjenicu da demografski procesi i promjene nisu neposredno uslovljeni ekonomskim i socijalnim činiocima (nivo obrazovanja, razvitak društva uopšte i sl.), već da postoji niz posrednih društvenih činioca koji ih uslovljavaju (nacionalni, klasni, politički, kulturni, religiozni i sl.). Kao odgovor na nepovoljne demografske trendove (veličina populacije, starost stanovništva i sl.) i posljedice koje populacioni faktor stvara u mnogim ekonomskim i socijalnim oblastima (smanjenje radno aktivnog stanovništva, opterećenje fondova socijalne sigurnosti i sl.), u prethodne dvije decenije u većini zemalja populaciona politika je stavljena u oblast fertiliteta stanovništva – uvedene su pronatalitetne mjere u razvijenim zemljama i mjere kojima se destimuliše rađanje u nerazvijenim zemljama.
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The aim of this work is to study and analyze the legal regulations concerning the rights of minor parents. The rights of minor parents are topical issues in the sphere of family law. Over the last years, underage girls increasingly are becoming mothers. In view of this, not only social issues are relevant, but also the legal problems arise. This article concentrates on the legal status of underage parents with respect to family law, as law does not lay down either the rights or duties of minor parents in case they undertake parenting. Therefore, a question arises – who has to assume the parental duties as regards the newborn child. In the article, an attempt has been made to provide answers to the questions above.
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Решењем Општинског суда у Новом Саду П. бр. 6274/2005 од 30. септембра 2005. године одређене су привремене мере заштите од насиља у породици, па је туженом наложено да се одмах исели из стана који се налази у Новом Саду, у улици К. бр. 11, забрањено му је да након исељења из стана даље у њега улази, као и у постор око њега, забрањено му је да се тужиљи приближава на удаљености од 100 метара, као и свако даље узнемиравање које је на њу усмерено, а трајање мера одређено је до 18. октобра 2005. године.
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The family is a complex social group in which there are combined different aspects of human life. It is a unique dynamic social context in which various processes take place (biological, reproductive, economic, educational and cultural, etc.) and functions (biological, reproductive, economic, function of the socialization and protective function). However, we must bear in mind that in different social systems, at various times there were various organizations of family life, it is the shape, structure and functions of the family have changed over the time. The emergence of modern society was followed by a change of the underlying of the family - changing the character of certain functions, some functions are moved from the family (transferred to the social institutions), and some functions are reduced. Changes in modern society have influenced the further transformation (and/or reduction) of family functions. Why does it come to the transformation (reduction) of the features of the modern family? In which way does the transformation (reduction) of the functions of the family take place?
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In the paper it is attempted to be outlined the parenthood as a conflict zone in the Bulgarian society - marking the main subjects of conflicts, factors for their occurrence and consequences of conflictness. The presented analysis is based on data from two author's empirical sociological surveys conducted in 2013 and 2016.
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This paper examines the family as a social group in the context of contemporary social changes and relationships – its transformations along with the changes taking place in society, what changes are taking place in the family, its place and importance in contemporary society. In order to shed light on the problem of the transformation of the family, it is necessary to review various aspects of family change, internal processes and dynamics of these changes, to capture the reality of family. When considering the relationship between society and the family, it is evident that the changes in contemporary society influenced changes in the family, its structure, functions, dynamics, relationships, and that they are result of transformation of value-normative framework in the individualized society, economic and demographic changes.
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U ovome radu porodica se proučava kao društvena grupa u kontekstu savremenih društvenih kretanja i odnosa - njeni dalekosežni preobražaji zajedno sa promjenama koje se odvijaju u društvu; kakve se promjene odigravaju u porodici; njeno mjesto i značaj u savremenom društvu. Kako bi se rasvijetlio problem transformacije porodice, neophodno je da se sagledaju različiti aspekti porodične promjene, unutrašnji procesi i dinamika te promjene, da se uhvati porodična stvarnost, te u vezi sa tim iznesu teorijska objašnjenja povezanosti društvenih promjena sa promjenama u porodici i dâ cjelovit pogled na transformaciju porodice, s ciljem razumijevanja trenutka u kome se nalazi sama porodica. Kada se razmatra odnos društva i porodice, može se uočiti da su promjene u savremenom društvu uticale na promjene u porodici, u njenoj strukturi, u funkcijama, u dinamici, u odnosima, i da su one rezultat transformacije vrjednosno-normativnog okvira u individualizovanom društvu, ekonomskih i demografskih promjena.
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This paper considers the legal status of wife in family according to the law of the Russian Federation and the Islamic Republic of Iran. It presents a detailed review of the legal regulation of personal nonproperty and property relations of spouses in the above two countries. The research has been performed with the aim of comparative analysis of the marriage institution, as well as in order to specify the legal status of women in Islamic countries (such as the Islamic Republic of Iran). The results of the comparative analyze of the marriage institution have been discussed in detail. The legal status of women in the two countries has been identified. The rich culture of Iran and its positive experience in development of the legal regulation based on the ethical and religious rules demonstrate the advantages of such complex view of family as a carrier and guardian of values and bases for growing up the future generation. The paper provides a number of examples proving that the family law in Iran, if compared with that in Russia, more thoroughly regulates the property relations with participation of women, ensures the legal guarantees for wife, establishing “mahr” during the premarital period, “nafaqa” during the marriage, and protection of the property and legal interests of women in case of divorce. The obtained results are very important for possible use of the Iranian family law specifics in the Russian family law, learning from the positive experience of the friendly state, as well as for practical purposes, i.e., to clarify the specifics of applying the Iranian family law to international marriages when the spouses are the citizens of Russia and Iran.
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Background: A properly balanced diet in terms of quantity and quality of the products consumed should meetthe needs of elderly people in terms of energy value and nutrition.Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative assessment of ten-daymenus used by nursing homes which varied according to season.Material and methods: The study included 40 ten-day menus, prepared for the four seasons of nursing homeresidents. A quantitative assessment of the meals was carried out using the Diet 5 computer program and MicrosoftExcel statistical analyse the data, which included the average, median and coefficient of variation.Results: The average energy value for all the seasons showed no significant differences. The fat and dietaryfibre content in the menus was suitable for the group, regardless of the season. The average carbohydrate contentwas in the suitable range only in summer. In contrast, the dietary protein requirement for the elderly wasat acceptable levels in autumn alone.Conclusions: The menus assessed did not show many errors, however special attention must be paid when planningthe diet for the elderly.
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The challenges faced by modern countries have influenced the change of priorities in social policies and, in this context, also in family-related policies. As we know, labor market opportunities and possibilities for working parents are not solely the reflection of a country’s economic situation. Cultural aspects of a country and working parents’ individual characteristics also have an impact on their position in the labor market. Support provided by the state to work ing parents is another determining factor in their position and viability on the labor market. Because of that, institutional arrangements in this area are very important and they present an intervention field in most European countries, including Serbia. Taking that into account, a frequent topic of public debate is the question what models should be put in place in order to assist parents to enter and remain in the labor market there continuing to fulfil their family responsibilities. The key question of this assignment is to analyze the status of working parents and challenges they face in their efforts to strike a balance be tween family commitments and work obligations.
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