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Los simbolismos de los numerales en el "tonalpohualli" centromexicano

Author(s): Danièle Dehouve / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 37/2023

This article deals with the divinatory calendar of 260 days called tonalpohualli, formed by 20 signs and 13 numerals, as used in Central Mexico at the time of the Spanish conquest. An analysis of almanacs in some codices of the so-called Borgia Group demonstrates that the generating principle of their symbolisms was that of the succession of the days within a system based on the omnipresence of the number “four”, associated with a movement from right to left that designated and recreated the movement of the sun. Th e examples of “one”, “fi ve”, “nine” and “thirteen” show that the symbolism of the deities that reigned over various periods of time went hand in hand with the order of the numerals that qualifi ed them in the tonalpohualli.

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TRADICIONALISTIČKI KONZERVATIVIZAM

Author(s): Asim Delibašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2022

Conservatism is a political theory, the principal idea of which is the necessity of preserving traditional value systems and institutions. Although described as a theory, conservatism is anything but a systematic, orderly and explicit construct: in general, it appears rather like an inherent disposition towards ancient ways with a deep rejection of democratic faith in the principles of individualism, progress, freedom and equality. Since the French Revolution, conservatism has taken different forms: what is particularly treated in this paper is a particular type of conservatism based on the ideas of the Traditionalist School, which, in the twentieth century, gave birth to a powerful critique of modernity, while, at the same time, the founders of the school were not attached to any political current. As a school without a clear political orientation, but with politically relevant ideas, Traditionalism was seen as an almost perfect ideological foundation for various right-wing political movements, which often do not embody the spirit of this school. The task of this paper is to distinguish what really could be the political perspective of traditionalist conservatism, from that what many modernists, disillusioned with the modern world, try to present that it is in a political sense.

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(NE)MOĆ RELIGIJA U ODGOVORU NA KRIZU SUVREMENOG VREMENA

Author(s): Berislav Čović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2023

We live in a society that is considered modern, globalized, secularized, and technically progressive. This society brings about numerous advantages, as well as certain disadvantages. In spite of all these great and thriving technical achievements, there are still a lot of crises and tensions, and there are fewer and fewer real answers and concrete solutions to ever-increasing number of challenges. For this reason, we are of the opinion that an awareness of responsibility, as well as a responsible action of each individual should be established. By “responsibility” we mean a spiritual and thought mover in bridging these artificially built misunderstandings, crises, and tensions. An immense, even the most important role in this process of bridging pertains to religions and religious communities. Namely, they have for centuries been a heirdom of fundamental values, by means of which the responsibility and the care for every human being can be mediated. The aim of this investigation is to critically consider, by a philosophical approach, the role of religions and religious communities in mediation of responsibility and responsible action, as well as their contribution in this mediating.

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PANEL: NACIONALIZAM, NACIONALNA PROŠLOST I KOVID-19 U SRBIJI

Author(s): Ana Đorđević,Siniša Malešević,Lea David,Gordana Uzelac,Aleksej J. Kišjuhas,Jelena Pešić,Rastislav Dinić,Tamara Petrović Trifunović,Zoran Panović,Filip Balunović,Milovan Pisarri,Aleksandar Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2022

Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju i Dablinski univerzitetski koledž (University College Dublin) organizovali su panel diskusiju „Nacionalizam, nacionalna prošlost i kovid-19 u Srbiji“ 7. marta 2022. godine. Učesnici panela bili su Siniša Malešević (Dablinski univerzitetski koledž), Lea David (Dablinski univerzitetski koledž), Gordana Uzelac (Univerzitet Metropolitan London), Aleksej Kišjuhas (Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Novom Sadu), Jelena Pešić (Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu), Rastislav Dinić (Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Nišu), Tamara Petrović Trifunović (Institut za sociološka istraživanja Filozofskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu), Zoran Panović (Demostat), Filip Balunović (IFDT), Milovan Pisarri (IFDT) i Aleksandar Pavlović (IFDT). Diskusiju su moderirali Ana Đorđević (IFDT) i Milivoj Bešlin (IFDT).

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MENTALNO OKRUŽENJE JAVNE SFERE: EVROPSKA PERSPEKTIV

Author(s): Margaret C. Jacob / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2021

Već sedamdesetih godina osamnaestog veka novinari i teoretičari, kao i oni koji su svakodnevno vodili učtive razgovore po kafeima, naučnim društvima, salonima i masonskim ložama – bilo da su govorili engleski, francuski ili holandski – rutinski su podsticali javno mnjenje ili mu su se obraćali. Mentalna kategorija „javnosti“, poput kategorije „društvenog“, postala je opšte mesto. Sada, krajem dvadesetog veka, većina istoričara prihvata značaj „javnosti“ koju su prizivali pisci osamnaestog veka i priznaje dug nemačkom filozofu Jirgenu Habermasu [Jürgen Habermas] što je prvi uvideo njen značaj. Još 1962. godine on je skrenuo pažnju na strukturnu transformaciju ka moderni, koju je u osamnaestom veku signaliziralo sve uobičajenije prizivanje „javnosti“.

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THE ROLE OF CITIZENS IN THE ACTIVITY OF LAND PLANNING AND URBANISM

Author(s): Natalia Fiodorov,Eugeniu Braguța / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Urbanization is strictly related to the participation of the population in the arrangement of the territory. The relationship between local authorities and the citizens serves as an index that determines the performance of the community in solving existing problems and is the main competence in assessing local competence. Participation of the population in the activity of spatial planning and urbanism is achieved through different methods, one of which would be the community spirit. Creating a community spirit is possible only in an atmosphere of mutual trust and commitment. The problem consists in the degree to which the participation of the citizens must be admitted for the formation of the development plans of the localities.

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“DUALLY EXCEPTIONAL” FAMILIES: SPECIFICS, NEEDS AND PROBLEMS

Author(s): Otilia Velisek-Brasko,Mila B. Beljanski,Nikola Vetnić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Families blessed with a child with developmental disabilities or a gifted child are not typical families. Such families are exposed to specifics in day-to-day function, establishing interpersonal relationships and fulfilling their family roles. The object of research and studies carried out so far are twice-exceptional individuals, thus excluding the families with one gifted child and another with developmental disabilities. Dually exceptional families have dual challenges in providing additional individualized support for children, in two completely different ways, in two different directions. Based on the results and the analysis of case study of two dually different families, areas in which additional support is required by such families and parents are identified according to family functions, as well as recommendations as to how to empower these areas.

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VIRTUELNA LJUBAV

Author(s): Ana Đorđević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2020

The basic focus of the following paper is the phenomenon of virtual love, whose specificities will be percolated through the prism of historical analysis of the relevant social representations and features, as well as the occurence and development of virtual realities. The adopted theoretical framework is cultural-historical psychology, which positions psychological phenomena in the historical streamlines of social and cultral transformation, on whose epochal thresholds emerge new forms of human subjectivity. In the first part of the paper, virtual reality will be considered as an “intentional world”, which is generically determined by interactivity. In the second part, love is observed as a historical phenomenon, whose psychological, social and societal characteristics are found culturally specific. Additionally, the overview of different historical forms of love in the dominant Western society will be given. In the end, the ways in which we can understand particular, mostly relational, features of virtual love will be analyzed. Key aspects of virtual love, perceived in the relation between I and the Other, individual and society, virtual and actual, will be considered as inherently conflictual.

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NEPODNOŠLJIVOST SUSEDOVANJA

Author(s): Mirjana Stošić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2020

This paper deals with the immunological practices of Kafka’s anonymous inhabitant in an unfinished late narrative “The Burrow” (“Der Bau”, 1923-1924) who builds a labyrinth within the burrow in order to safeguard it from imminent or proleptic future intruders. The mole-like builder of the labyrinth-like structure is securing its house from parasites “known” only by the noise they make. This noise – against which the obsessive stuffing of holes and drilling of passages take place (including the infinite displacement of the center and margin) – corresponds to the radical faceless alterity, given that the “face” of noise is precisely the muddied face of the burrower. Entrances in Kafkaesque literary worlds are in fact the limit of the passage as such, the impossibility of being only inside or only outside. The aggressive covering of porous and loose walls, and closing all potential passages is endangering the burrow structure as such. The burrow becomes the centralized system, always suppressing the heterogeneity of gateways, entrances and exits, the difference that will erode the silenced fixity of centered identity. Ultimately, the burrow becomes infinitely fractalized. The question of alterity, within the tradition of guarding the wholeness of the subject (its body, its proper place, its identity and its name), is often reduced to the question of corporeal, political, cultural parasites of the communal body. The other, as a parasitical emblem, destabilizes the notion of the limit (between the host and the guest), and is the sign of a host being always already a frightened guest of its own homely place.

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CONTEMPORANII DE LA GÂNDIREA. DESPĂRŢIREA DE BLAGA

Author(s): Ramona Șendrescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2021

This paper is part of the PhD Thesis: Essays of Lucian Blaga and we want to show how the Romanian philosopher, one of the founders of the literary magazine „Gândirea”, the most published and admired author of this traditionalist journal, was only tolerated in the pages of „Gândirea” because he never accepted the concept of art and popular tradition stipulated in the ideological program imposed by Nichifor Crainic. The causes and the consequences of this separation can be found in Blaga's personal correspondence with his friends.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY IN INDONESIA

Author(s): Muhammad Bukhori Dalimunthe,Bethlehem Efrata Sitanggang,Fitri Yani Panggabean / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Economic growth is one of the main parameters to evaluate a country’s development efficiency. The higher the economic growth, the more productive and advanced the country will be. On the other hand, economic growth is also a strategic step to reduce poverty, which has always been an urgent problem in various parts of the world. Therefore, economic growth is needed to prosper the community through equitable economic growth. The purpose of this paper is to analyze economic growth against poverty. Data analysis used the literature review method from articles sourced from the Science and Technology Index (SINTA). The analysis is based on the latest findings on economic growth and poverty in Indonesia over the last decade. Research findings reveal that the synthesis of economic growth impacts reducing poverty in Indonesia. Furthermore, suppose economic growth is evenly distributed at all levels of society. In that case, the role of government is fair, honest, and responsible. As a result, the competence of human resources increases, and job opportunities will be wide open to absorb workers, positively impacting poverty in Indonesia.

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REDIMENSIONAREA CONCEPTUALĂ A PROCESULUI DE SOCIALIZARE DIN PERSPECTIVA ACTIVITĂȚII DE MENTORAT

Author(s): Elena Gogoi,Ecaterina Lozovanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

The article analyzes the contemporary reflections that refer to the socialization process accompanying and engaging man as an individual and as a species. Starting from the hypothesis, according to which the individual is not a human person from birth, but becomes one, and this transformation takes place when the individual is integrated into the socialization process. The purpose of our research is to avoid, within the analyzed theories, the heterogeneous elements by capturing what is common, and essential. This would open the way to a reconceptualization of the socialization process in a unitary, essentialist framework from an interdisciplinary perspective. The applied research methods: phenomenological, hermeneutic, and sociological (interactionist) have allowed us to singularize our research and highlight the fact that coming together in a methodological unit is complementary, allowing the interdisciplinary explanation of the socialization process. Thus, from a pedagogical perspective, socialization is closely related to mentoring activity, which ensures convergence and creates opportunities for the individual's adaptation to new contexts. At the same time, mentoring and socialization represent emerging elements that offer possibilities to the individual for the development of a successful career. Through the mentoring activity, the individual is supported and encouraged to find the strength to overcome and improve his performance, develop various skills, and become a fully integrated being in society.

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND GOVERNANCE IN AFRICAN PERSPECTIVES: CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Author(s): John Mamokhere,France Khutso Lavhelani Kgobe / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The democratic transition on the African continent has been accompanied by problems of poor governance, poor administration, third terms and centralized power, electoral administration conundrums, and corruption. This paper examines the overarching problems in Africa, including electoral challenges, the third term and centralization of power, societal, social, and economic governance, and the death of ethics. This is a desktop study, also known as a conceptual study, that is based on Asante's Afrocentricity Theory, which provides pedagogical thinking about power, dominance, racism, and the need to escape victimization. The findings of the article reveal that many African countries, including South Africa, Zimbabwe, Uganda, and Nigeria, face significant challenges due to poor governance and maladministration. The paper concludes by stating that to address the challenge of poor governance and maladministration in African countries, a multifaceted approach is necessary. One potential innovative solution is to increase transparency and accountability in government institutions using technology and data-driven decision-making. This could involve the implementation of digital systems for monitoring and reporting on government activities as well as the creation of independent oversight committees to ensure public officials are held accountable for their actions.

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“My Nine-Digit American-Dream”: Undocumentedness and Unwelcomeness in Do You Know Who I Am?

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“My Nine-Digit American-Dream”: Undocumentedness and Unwelcomeness in Do You Know Who I Am?

Author(s): Andreea Moise / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The community-based performance Do You Know Who I Am? (2013; Motus Theater, Boulder; dir. Kirsten Wilson) relates the lived experience in the U.S. under the DACA (Deferred Action for Child Arrivals) programme, told by an undocumented Mexican cast. By reclaiming the label ‘undocumented migrants’ whose residency on American land without legal authorisation implies a dehumanising dimension of the ‘illegal alien,’ the cast defines the state of undocumentedness as the lived conditions of vulnerability, exploitation, displacement and perpetual fear determined by living under ‘illegality’ and non-citizenship. My purpose is to analyse the stylistic and thematic oratorical components of the dramatic performance in line with the ontological construction of its performers as undocumented – undocumentedness itself becomes a “space of legal nonexistence” in Susan Coutin’s understanding –, unwelcome (by virtue of Derrida’s theorisation of the standards of hostipitality), as well as subjects/objects of racial hatred. Immigrants become collective projections of criminality, a threat to the nation within a “we” against “them” horizontal conflict (Ahmed 51). Within this framework, the performance consolidates an ontology of the Mexican migrant rooted in social stigma and the constructedness of labels, and undocumentedness becomes the locus of a collective imaginarium with repercussions on the immigrant’s survival in society.

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Negotiating Afro-Oriental Religious Eco-Political Space and the Modernist Backlash in God Was African by Nkemngong Nkengasong and Chronicles of a Corpse Bearer by Cyrus Mistry

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Negotiating Afro-Oriental Religious Eco-Political Space and the Modernist Backlash in God Was African by Nkemngong Nkengasong and Chronicles of a Corpse Bearer by Cyrus Mistry

Author(s): Nyanchi Marcel Ebliylu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This article examines the representation of the connection between religious beliefs and the natural environment around sacred places in God Was African by Nkemngong Nkengasong and Chronicles of a Corpse Bearer by Cyrus Mistry. Comparing the eco-cycle around Zoroastrian Fire Temples, the Towers of Silence in Bombay and the shrines of Fuondem and other gods in Lewoh traditional religion, this article argues that the inter-connectivity between these ParsiBangwa religions reveals that gods reside in our immediate environment and only our eco-politics can preserve this supernatural connection. Using ecocriticism, therefore, I contend that the Parsis in India and the Bangwa in Lebialem revere and protect natural abodes of the gods like earth, water, hills, valleys, forests and fire against the devastating environmental crises heralded by the modernist backlash. The modern transformation of these sacred places into sources of generating renewable and artificial energies accounts for the different physical and ideological conflicts that abound in the two novels. As such, by protecting the different forms of life that inhabit these sacred places, this article concludes that Nkengasong’s and Mistry’s eco-poetical language and style in God Was African and Chronicles of a Corpse Bearer reflect Lewoh traditional religion, Zoroastrianismandtheenvironment, participating in the Afro-Oriental artistic crusadeforbiophilia and environmentally friendly belief systems.

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REAFFIRMING DEMOCRATIC VALUES IN A TIME OF GLOBAL CRISIS

Author(s): Florica Brașoveanu / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

In the context of an increasingly interconnected world affected by various global crises such as pandemics, economic conflicts or climate change, democratic values become more vulnerable and can be undermined. This paper examines the impact of crises on democratic institutions, political participation and civic engagement. It also explores how political leaders, the media, civil society and civic education can play a key role in protecting and reaffirming democratic values in such critical contexts. The paper also presents case studies highlighting examples of countries that have succeeded in promoting and defending democratic values during global crises. In doing so, it underlines the importance of reaffirming democratic values to maintain stability and progress in difficult times.

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CRISI DEI DIRITTI UMANI E LIBERTÀ RELIGIOSA, IL CASO FRANCESE

Author(s): Stefano Testa Bappenheim / Language(s): Italian Issue: 3/2023

The contribution examines the French regulation of the use of religious symbols in public space in the evolution of the principle of secularism of the State.

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REDEFINIREA LIBERTĂȚII ÎN ERA INFORMAȚIEI: IMPLICAȚII EDUCAȚIONALE ȘI DREPTURILE OMULUI

Author(s): Lia Anton / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2023

In the modern information age, technological advances have radically changed the way we access knowledge. This explosion of information has triggered crucial discussions about human rights and freedom. This article explores how this period affects educational methodologies and human rights, highlighting issues such as: mental privacy, cultivating digital literacy and critical thinking, and protecting freedom of expression.

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RECONCILIEREA CA SCOP AL LIBERTĂȚII RELIGIOASE: O ANALIZĂ A PERSPECTIVEI LUI MIROSLAV VOLF

Author(s): Florin Matei / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2023

Mirosalv Volf is a Protestant theologian who has addressed the relationship between church and society. In this paper we will examine Miroslav Volf ’s perspective on religious freedom and reconciliation as the ultimate goal in a globalised and diverse society. The author builds his vision of religious freedom on his personal experiences and his existential context, marked by ethnic and religious conflicts. He argues that in order to understand religious freedom correctly, we need to address reconciliation and inter-religious dialogue as its foundation. The article explores two philosophical models of freedom and reconciliation: the ‚oppression-liberation’ model and the ‚scapegoat’ theory. I will argue that these approaches have their limitations and can lead to the perpetuation of social problems and oppression. Volf ’s proposal is an alternative vision, stating that love and mutual respect are the fundamental values that should guide freedom and reconciliation. He emphasises the importance of a mindset of respect, embodying these values within a framework of freedom. Religious freedom, in Volf ’s view, should be promoted by the world’s religions because only in this way can reconciliation and dialogue between different religious beliefs be sustained. Love, respect and dialogue therefore play a central role in promoting reconciliation and a harmonious society in the age of globalisation. In the view shared by Miroslav Volf, this is the context in which religious freedom makes society aim for a common good.

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THE COVID-19 CRISIS AND THE RESHAPING OF CHRISTIAN WORSHIP PART THREE: CHURCH ECONOMICS

Author(s): Iosif Riviș-Tipei / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

This essay discusses the economic challenges and financial strain faced by churches in the wake of the COVID-19 crisis. As physical attendance dwindled and traditional fundraising avenues were disrupted, churches encountered a financial crunch that impacted their operational capabilities and the livelihoods of their staff. Exploring the decline in donations, the innovative fundraising strategies adopted, and the long-term implications for church infrastructure, this essay aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the economic repercussions of the pandemic on religious institutions.

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