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Mapping the power of women MPs in the Serbian Parliament, through the analysis of the membership and the leadership of the Parliament and parliamentary committees, indicates that women MPs dominate the socio-cultural cluster of the committees, as well as foreign affairs and European integration committees. Women MPs are increasingly more visible in legislative-judiciary committees, while interior, defence and security affairs committees and minimally open to their membership. There is a growing trend of engaging women MPs in committees for ecology, then in trade and finance and, to a lesser extent, in infrastructure. Institutional gender sensitivity of the Serbian Parliament is still inadequate, and changes to the Rules of Procedure and the Code of Conduct are necessary in order to introduce gender-sensitive rules and procedures.
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The paper deals with the analysis of feminists’ arguments about the sex/gender dichotomy within the relationship to trans activism. In the first part of the paper, we will give the usual definitions of sex and gender in feminist literature and the views of feminists on trans activism. Next, we will explain which trans activists’ views feminists disagree with, and how language is used for ideological purposes. The aim of this paper is to identify the basic dilemmas and bioengineering associated with the underestimation of biological sex, that is, with the opinion of trans activists that men who are trans women are also women. The author will explain why feminists believe that this approach to the sex/ gender dichotomy is a threat to women’s rights in the society.
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The first part of the article describes the ideological disputes in the Serbian public related to the proposal for the adoption of three laws: on same-sex marital union, on gender equality and on the prohibition of gender discrimination. The second part of the article proposes a modified version of the theory of the world capitalist system and neocolonialism as a theoretical framework for explaining these political and ideological controversies. In conclusion, the author states that it is certainly possible to contextualize these ideological and political disputes theoretically in a different manner, but that the proposed theoretical framework enables a coherent understanding of other dominant social phenomena in Serbia.
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The paper elaborates on the relation between marriage and the family, on one hand, and marriage-like and family-like homosexual unions such as so-called homosexual marriage and same-sex union (or same-sex life partnership). With a brief theoretical introduction and a comparative overview of the manner in which this matter is regulated in other countries, certain solutions are analyzed from the Proposal Draft Law on Same-Sex Unions of Serbia (2021). It is indicated that it is no longer possible to equalize marriage and the family with the same-sex union because the content of these concepts is substantially different. The society is interested in protecting marriage and the family and to take special care of them since they perform extremely important social functions, whereas without some of them the survival of the society itself would be brought to question (the reproduction function). On the other hand, homosexual marriage and/or same-sex unions do not perform any social function, but are formed exclusively for the purpose of relatively longer-standing satisfaction of sexual needs of same-sex partners. Since the society and the state do not protect marriage only because sexuality is regulated within it, but because it legitimizes sexual relationships aimed at having children, in the event of homosexual marriage-like unions it should also be proceeded in an identical manner: solely those rights and obligations of partners deriving from a relatively longer-standing homosexual partnership should be legally regulated. Moreover, having in mind the principle that every man’s right is limited by other people’s rights, it is impermissible to give priority to the protection of the rights of same-sex partners for the purpose of longer-standing homosexual relationships over the protection of children’s rights. Children need both a father and a mother (an ideal condition), and the family in which they will be socialized. In line with those homosexual marriage-like unions, neither adoption nor assisted insemination can be allowed.
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In this paper, the authors deal with the analysis of new antidiscrimination legal solutions proposed by the Ministry of Human and Minority Rights and Social Dialogue of the Government of the Republic of Serbia, which would redefine the relations between the state and the church. The focus of the research will be especially on those solutions that could threaten, on the one hand, the principle of secularity, and on the other hand, some of the fundamental human rights, such as the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. The solutions proposed by the amendments to the Law on Prohibition of Discrimination, it seems, could be problematic from the standpoint of guaranteeing certain fundamental human rights and freedoms, but also the autonomy of churches and religious communities. Some of the proposals made by the Ministry could be seen as an attempt to return the verbal offence to the Serbian legal system. Accordingly, the authors will try to re-examine the possible impact of changes in antidiscrimination legislation on the relationship between the state and the church, but also on the possible suppression of religious rights and freedoms in the Republic of Serbia in the coming period.
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Stating that social action aimed at achieving a higher degree of equality between men and women is necessary and useful, the author questions the validity of the approach in the recently adopted Law on Gender Equality that tries to establish gender equality, among other things, by forced intervention in the language sphere, through imposing the application of the so-called “gender-sensitive language”. Despite the fact that such an approach could hardly contribute to actual equality, this forced intervention in the language sphere is the violation of the language as a segment of intangible cultural heritage, which is contrary to the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia and a number of international acts. Fortunately, the provisions of the Law on Gender Equality regarding the application of gender-sensitive language are inaccurate, unclear and full of internal contradictions to such an extent that it can be said that they are not applicable.
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Language is a phenomenon that is inseparable from all spheres of life. Since language is the basic means of communication, its social importance is indisputable. Without language, the society could not function; on the other hand, language could not “live” if there was no use of it. The characteristics of a nation are reflected in language, while, in turn, language makes a nation to a great extent; it constitutes a socio-cultural reflection. It is related to history, politics and different institutions, such as church and school, and it unstoppably performs its function in these areas. The use of language differs depending on its power and status in the society. Language influences the society with its power, but social changes also largely contribute to language changes. Both society and language are alive, so changes occur concurrently in both spheres. There are many different ideologies that have spread their influence in the history of the society development. One of them would be the ideology of language standard, or the proper use of language, which will be separately elaborated in our paper. Our civilization is founded on rules, or different norms of behaviour present in language and in the society. Communication is successfully realized by observing the existing conventions, without which the language system would not survive. We unconsciously accept language ideologies and rules, not paying attention to the great power of language in everyday activities. Language, society, politics, rules and changes are the subject of this article, and they are observed in their specific features and comparison.
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The paper gives a review and a critical overview of the theoretical approach to the dynamics of cultural and social changes of renowned sociologist Pitirim Sorokin. The first part of the paper is dedicated to the description of the most relevant theoretical contributions contained in Sorokin’s most important book Social and Cultural Dynamics. In the second part of the paper, there is a critical overview by the author of this text of Sorokin’s sociocultural dynamics theory, as well as of other authors who have studied Sorokin’s approach. The conclusion of this paper is that Sorokin’s approach is a very significant theoretical contribution to sociology, but also that his theory does not dedicate sufficient attention to external factors as the causes of sociocultural dynamics.
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The aim of this research is to examine how the coronavirus, which has become a global process, has affected the labour market. The goal is to confirm or reject the hypothesis that there has been an increase in unemployment since the beginning of the pandemic. Also, the aim is to answer the research question whether social dialogue has managed to mitigate the negative effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19). Analytical and descriptive methods were used in this research. The scientific research presented in this paper makes a significant contribution to the study of the impact of the coronavirus on the regions, economic activity and unemployment. The paper presents data on the number of the (un)employed in the world before the beginning of the pandemic and after the end of the first and most critical year.
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Within different ethical approaches, public service ethics belongs to deontological ethics. It encompasses the moral culture of employees, professional integrity, and public service integrity in institutions. Public service ethics is based on the ethical principles of professionals: autonomy, benevolence, taking care not to inflict harm on others, and fair conduct. Professional associations are the guarantors of practising and respecting the ethical principles of professionals. The acceptance of and adherence to ethical principles of professional associations is embodied through self-regulation in the codes of ethics. The codes of ethics are based on ethical principles of professionals: accountability, openness, accessibility, transparency, exemplarity, respect, and politeness.
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The conducted research is aimed at determining whether there are any differences, and to what extent, in communication practice between parents and their children today. The subject of the research refers to communication habits of parents and their children, as well as their mutual communication. The task is to determine whether the parents belonging to Generation X and Baby Boom Generation, characterized by the “analogue” approach to communication, and their children belonging to “digital” Generation Z, actually communicate in a different manner and generally belong to two groups: Digital Residents or Digital Visitors.
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The most modern media systems in television program production and placement have the obligation of ensuring program accessibility to persons with disabilities. While in some countries this obligation is defined through a certain minimum of adapted content, in Serbia there is a set of media laws only indicating the necessity of care for persons with difficulty in following the television program. The basic thesis of this paper is how program accessibility, and thus increased social inclusion through media content, may be improved through the development and greater presence of the existing services (subtitle, sign language, audio-description), as well as through the introduction of new services, based on the capacities offered by digital technology and application of artificial intelligence in content production and placement. The statistics shows that at least one in eighteen persons in Serbia has difficulty in following TV program due to vision or hearing impairment and therefore, in the absence of the tools ensuring accessibility, these persons are unable to get information, education and entertainment from the television program.
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The aim of this research was to determine the current state of multisectoral cooperation between the competent state bodies and institutions provided by the Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence, recognized as a basis for preventing domestic violence and providing protection and support to victims. The empirical findings were obtained by surveying 43 employees in the social work centres in the Srem administrative district, who act in cases of domestic violence. After data collection, they had to be organized, so the statistical method of descriptive statistics was applied and for that purpose, the statistical software package SPSS was used (ver. 20). The results of the research showed the efficiency of mutual cooperation between the competent authorities, but also the necessity of continuing the work on the reform of the above-mentioned legal text.
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In cadrul discuţiilor purtate la secţia a II-a: „Muzeele şi omul societăţii socialiste multilateral dezvoltate", şi-au exprimat punctele de vedere tovarăşii: Virgiliu Z. Teodorescu, de la Muzeul Arhivelor Bucureşti; Iordana Lungu, Homer Radu şi Liviu Ştefănescu, de la Muzeul de Istorie al R.S.R.; Pavel Anghel, de Ia „Revista muzeelor" şi I. Aldea, de la Muzeul de Istorie din Galaţi.
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Austro-Ugarska je vladala Bosnom i Hercegovinom četrdeset godina u razdoblju od 1878. do 1918. godine. Ta je vladavina unijela brojne novine u školski sustav. Otvoreno je mnogo novih narodnih osnovnih škola, ali je poseban naglasak stavljen na razvoj srednjega školstva. Za srednje školstvo se može ustvrditi da je potkraj osmanlijske vlasti bilo u povojima. Stoga su nove vlasti brižno planirale razvoj srednjega školstva vodeći računa o svim aspektima lokalnih sredina u kojima su se trebale otvarati srednje škole. To se posebno odnosilo na gimnazije i učiteljske škole koje su smatrane najelitnijim školama toga vremena. Osim ovih, elitnih srednjih škola, vlasti su također vodile računa i o školovanju radničkoga podmlatka. [...]
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Due to the tragic developments that followed the country's disintegration in the early 1990s, the post-socialist transition in the former Yugoslavia was delayed compared to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The emerging comprehensive political, economic, and social changes have also affected the urban space through physical and social manifestations, initiating urban transformation. The paper analyses the post-socialist urban development of Belgrade with examples from two parts of the city with different historical heritage, social development, and urban functions. The inherited characteristics of the observed urban units, as well as the current political and socio-economic changes, have created opportunities for the differentiation of development trajectories. Urban dynamics have been examined over the last few years, and thus, the mechanisms and participants leading the current urban processes in Belgrade have been identified. These mechanisms are not exclusively related to Belgrade but are often present in other post-socialist urban environments, especially in the cities of the region.
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The article discusses the importance of investments in railway infrastructure for improving the transport accessibility of the Rzeszów agglomeration. For an intensively developing and expanding Rzeszów agglomeration, accessibility plays a key role not only in determining the value of residential and commercial real estate but, above all, in meeting the needs related to the mobility of the region’s inhabitants from one place to another (e.g. to work or school). Therefore, transport accessibility is an important element of spatial organization and has a significant impact on the level and pace of the socio-economic development in the region. The paper consists of a theoretical part and a case study characterising several investment projects in the railway transport infrastructure. The aim of the article is to present the impact planned and implemented investments in rail transport to improvement of accessibility, and thus the level and quality of life of the inhabitants of the Rzeszów agglomeration. The considerations were supplemented with an attempt to assess the current transport accessibility in the region and the changes that will occur as a result of the implemented investments.
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The phenomenon of veganism is not new in the World, but it was only in the first decade of this century that it became the subject of wider sociological and other research. The concept of veganism is complex, associated with consumption, lifestyle, social group, social movement, subculture, and other social phenomena, but researchers’ attention to the complexity of this phenomenon is limited. The article examines the multidimensionality of the phenomenon of veganism, which has so far been poorly analysed in the works of Lithuanian researchers, the diversity of its concepts and research directions, and summarises the levels of analysis of the phenomenon of veganism and research directions.
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In a constantly changing world, digital tools have become an essential part of our lives. Digital revolution has influenced every field of activity, and even the diplomacy, a domain rooted in protocol and etiquette, has been shaped by this process. With an impact to daily diplomatic activities, new technologies bring speed and efficiency in domains like public diplomacy, consular affairs, analyzing process and of course, internal communication. At the same time, digital changes have become a subject of negotiation at the international level, in this way shaping the diplomatic agenda. And even the negotiation table has been influenced by the Third Industrial Revolution, by bringing new non-state actors to the discussions.New digital opportunities bring more complexity to the diplomatic activity and certainly new risks and vulnerabilities. In this context, a proper analyze of new technologies that emphasize both strengths and weaknesses are essential for the security of the sensitive information with which diplomats operate. At the same time, the speed of technological changes requires new abilities of the diplomatic services' employees, constant training for efficiency and security reasons being fundamental.
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