Дуализмът между структура и действие. Скица на една веберианска изследователска програма

Author(s): Wolfgang Schluchter / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3-4/2015

In my book Foundations in Sociology, I depicted Max Weber’s approach as an alternative to Marx and Durkheim on the one hand, Parsons, Mead, Habermas and Luhmann on the other. I tried to demonstrate that Weber has provided us with a viable research program which merits further elaboration. In this essay, I want to spell out the outline of such a Weberian research program. It can be regarded as a third sociology, overcoming the opposition between methodological individualism and holism. It is based on methodological relationism and on a two-sided and multi-level explanatory model, employing the notion of the duality of structure and action. Its analytical power is illustrated with reference to Weber’s study on ascetic Protestantism and on the economic ethic of the world religions.

Дослідження впливу різних соціально-економічних факторів на тривалість життя населення

Author(s): Elena Karpenko,Valery Karpenko,Viktoria Golub / Language(s): Russian Issue: 30/2016

Research subject is represented by socio-economic conditions of the population living. Research aim is to study the impact on life duration of various socio-economic factors. Research methods applied in the paper are comparison, grouping, correlation and regression analysis, cluster analysis, systematic approach. Research results. The paper studies the socio-economic factors affecting life duration; construction of correlation and regression models and conducted clustering countries suggested ways of improving the socioeconomic policy in order to increase the population living. Branch of applying research results is socio-economic policy of the country. Conclusions. In this article it’s proved that different social and economic factors influence duration of living during the various stages of national development. The strength of the same factors impact also differs in different countries. It’s connected with the level of the country’s development, the conditions and way of population life, the government policy in health care, environment saving, scientific researches, education and so on. This substantiates the necessity of elaboration different measures to increase the duration of population living taking into account the level of the country’s development.

Program badań statystycznych statystyki publicznej na 2014 r.

Author(s): Irena Marczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2013

The paper presents the research plans of official statistics prepared in close cooperation with government agencies, local government units, as well as business, social and trade union organizations. The primary criterion for the preparation of the program was to provide the continuous observation of the socio-economic situation of the country. The proposed surveys will provide information to obtain analyzes and current estimations, designed to forecast trends and historical and international comparisons.

Wielowymiarowa analiza porównawcza zrównoważonego rozwoju krajów Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Małgorzata Stec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2013

The purpose of this article is to compare the level of sustainable development of the European Union (EU) Countries and the definition of the Polish position in the ranking. Based on 32 statistical indicators characterizing the sustainable development, synthetic measures were selected and EU countries were ordering from most to least developed. Rank is prepared using standard development Hellwig method based on the Weber median. The results confirm the high relevance of the proposed methods for the assessment of the sustainable development of the EU Countries.

Wpływ głównych czynników makroekonomicznych na bezrobocie długookresowe

Author(s): Dominik Śliwicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2013

The article presents an example analysis of the impact of selected macro-economic variables on a long-term unemployment. A logit econometric model for macro-data as well as cause-and-effect model were estimated. The first of these is a tool to study the impact of macroeconomic statistical category on the unemployed and the other is a tool for determining the direction and strength of the impact of selected macro-economic variables on the level of long-term unemployment. In both cases, an attempt was made to boost the models i.e. the time factor was taken into account.

Dynamiczny dobór cech w taksonomicznej analizie obiektów

Author(s): Małgorzata Machowska–Szewczyk,Agnieszka Sompolska-Rzechuła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2012

The primary objective of the article is to present results of taxonomic studies, which use a dynamic approach in the selection of features. The resulting set of diagnostic features was used for classification in years 2002–2009 the average level of socio-economic development observed in the Polish voivodships. Procedure was applied taking into account changes in the relationship between adopted variables. The result is a set of diagnostic features, used to forecast the development of the phenomenon under investigation. The classification was carried out by assessing the similarity of years in terms of the average level of socio-economic development in the regions with the Penrose distance. Adjusting the dendrogram (tree diagram), obtained by application of the furthest neighborhood method, was measured using the cophenetic correlation coefficient.

Moduł wskaźników zrównoważonego rozwoju w Banku Danych Lokalnych

Author(s): Bartosz Bartniczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2012

Sustainable development is one of the major challenges of the modern world. Its implementation should be monitored at every level of management, with particular emphasis on monitoring the implementation of this concept at the local level (gminas and powiats) and regional (voivodships). The basic assessing tool are indicators to provide a statistical picture of a given territorial unit. Within the Local Data Bank (BDL) a universal module was created, which is designed to monitor sustainable development at a level lower than the country. The reference point were indices developed by the Eurostat. Module developed in the BDL is not a set of monitoring a specific strategy development at local and regional level but is a basic set of indicators for analysis of sustainable development and allows to evaluate and compare local government units.

Z obrad Kongresu Statystyki Polskiej

Author(s): Janusz Wywiał,Janina Jóźwiak,Mirosław Krzyśko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2012

Zapomniany paradygmat - dlaczego postmodernizm warto stosować w europejskich badaniach stosunków międzynarodowych

Author(s): Iwona Jakimowicz-Pisarska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The article is focused on the postmodern paradigm and its uses in research on European international relations. It shows how postmodernism is understood in philosophy and how it can be adopted by political science methodology. Although, All aspects – positive and negative – as each paradigm postmodernizm can’t be used to every kind of analysis. As a result of European philosophy and based on the European background, the postmodern paradigm seems to be the most suitable for European state research. That’s why the suggestion included in the text is described in the context of this kind of issue.

Primjena i razvoj metodike za nastavu maternjeg jezika i književnosti u Bosni i Hercegovini u doba Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca / Kraljevine Jugoslavije

Author(s): Sead Nazibegović,Admir Muratović,Meliha Malikić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 31/2020

In this paper, the authors engage in questions regarding the courses and methodic research in the curriculum of the native language subject during the era of The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, or Yugoslavia. The state of education is analysed, primarily the classes of native language and literature after the Austro-Hungarian dissolution and the emergence of The Kingdom in the late 1918. New government enacted a ‘Law of the official language and writing’ which appoints the new language in Bosnia and Herzegovina to be either Croatian or Serbian, and Latin and Cyrillic alphabets are equal in use. The curriculum of the native language, through grammar and orthography, was unitary conceived. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, neither autonomous nor native linguistic or educational policies existed, therefore, the methodic research regarding the native language and literature was non-existent, except in the case of Salih Ljubunčić, Bosnian methodologist who worked in Zagreb. In The Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the curricula of the native language and literature for elementary schools and high schools were methodically and systematically made, with different syllabi and regulations, but mostly with exclusion of Bosnian and Herzegovinian writers and local linguistic distinctiveness.

Usmjeravanje razvoja Podgorja kroz prostorno-plansku dokumentaciju

Author(s): Ariana Korlaet,Vesna Marohnić-Kuzmanović,Dubravka Šeparović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2017

In the paper are an overview and analysis of the developmental perspectives of the orientation from the spatially-planned documentation for the realisation of the developmental possibilities of Podgorje with regard to the peculiarities of its geographical position, relief-climatic characteristics and historical heritage, and in particular the advantages and limitations for its development which result from the system of the protection of the whole region. The entire surface area of the subject region is located within a region of special interest for the state-protected coastal belt, inside the Velebit Nature Park and the ecological network of the Republic of Croatia, i.e. the EU Natura 2000ecological network, and in the contact area of the Northern Velebit National Park and Paklenica National Park.In the current system of spatial planning the propositions of the strategic documents of thespatial development and the spatially-planned documentation for the area of Podgorje on thre elevels are considered: the spatial plans of the state level for areas of special features, the county spatial plans and spatial plans of municipalities and towns, in the framework of the thesis that the role of spatial planning is the integration of different policies which influence a certain area,wherein the sustainability of development results from the synergistic development of economic,social, natural/environmental and cultural foundation of a space and society.The system of spatial planning is primarily connected with the territorial makeup. By the law of territories of counties, towns and municipalities territorial units are defined which frequently do not include the actual planned area connected with the individual developmental aspects and strategic issues of the environment. In this sense the Spatial Plan of the Velebit Nature Park will be able to perceive the developmental challenges and needs of Podgorje as a whole.

A Case Study into the Motivations, Challenges and Opportunities in Crowdfunding: An Entrepreneurial Perspective

Author(s): Chun Yan Wang,Kate Johnston,Maeve Caraher / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

This case describes the motivation, challenges, and opportunities the founder of an innovative cycling product experienced as he attempted to use crowdfunding as a platform to establish and grow his business idea. The case begins with a brief overview of how the entrepreneur came up with the idea and the journey from product concept to product launch. The decision to crowdfund the idea is explained and the challenges and opportunities in trying to navigate the crowdfunding arena are explored; from selecting a suitable crowdfunding platform to the launch and management of the final campaign. Despite the fact the campaign failed to raise the funding target, the media coverage from the crowdfunding campaign led to a number of significant business avenues, which ultimately helped launch the product onto the marketplace. The case examines these events and closes as the entrepreneur reflects on the lessons learnt from the experience and his advice going forward to anyone considering crowdfunding.

Understanding Post Contractual Turbulence in Public Private Partnerships: Themes and Issues

Author(s): Moses Onyoin / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Although complex realities of governing Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) at the post contractual phase are emerging as major foundations of discord that threatens PPPs sustainability in developing countries (DCs), the nascent nature of the model’s application in most DCs has meant that the specific issues of concern remain obscure and scattered. Using the concept of governance as an orienting lens, an intensive analysis of one of the pioneer PPP projects in the electricity sector in Sub-Saharan Africa is undertaken to explore the main issues. The evidence is drawn from transcripts of interviews with policy, regulative, and operative actors directly involved with and/or familiar with the project. These are supplemented by a review of exclusively accessed and publicly available documents. The findings underscore the primacy of eight governance issues that are organised in three thematic areas including; the roles and responsibilities of actors, regulatory and contractual control, and emergent and complex external stakeholder behaviour. The findings essentially suggest that at the post contractual phase, (a) PPP will be challenged by context specific realities related to how the sector is organized, the prevailing sources of authority, and end user behaviour, (b) PPP agreements are incapable of precisely providing for all emergent realities thus require adaptation and/or complementation, and (c) demonstrate that responses need to be deliberately concerted as well as inclusive of context-relevant actors to guard against a) severely undermining provisions of the existing contract, b) partner (and other external stakeholder) opportunism, and c) counterproductive distortion of balance of power.

PROJEKT SLOVENSKO JAVNO MNENJE IN NJEGOV ČAS SJM 1968-1999

Author(s): Niko Toš / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 030-031/1999

In the first part of the article the author outlines the design and development of Slovenian Public Opinion project (Slovensko javno mnenje - SJM) between 1968-1999. The SJM project is the leading national social survey project and empirical ‘infrastructure’ of Slovenian social sciences. It has developed simultaneously with similar projects in North American and Western European countries (General Social Survey, Allbus). Using longitudinal data from SJM survey, the author outlines general value patterns in Slovenian public, concerning various social, economic and political issues. He focuses on transition of values in the period of political transition, that bears significant importance for Slovenian nation (period of self determination). The paper may be considered a contribution for a history of Slovenian sociology. It contributes to deeper understanding of value changes in Slovenian public in the period of transition from authoritarian regime to democratic political system.

Intellectual Property in the Context of Global Ethics

Author(s): Cristina LAZARIUC,Ecaterina Lozovanu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Today we are the subjects and witnesses of the continuous development and transformation of society, which has made rapid leaps from modern to the informational and knowledge-based society. In this sense, in order to ensure technological, economic and social progress, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) must become the only key element for protecting ideas, stimulating innovation and creativity, designing and contributing to the creation of technology. In this article the authors emphasize the need to address IPR in the context of global ethics, because IPR is also the social responsibility and moral duty of every global citizen, whether creative or consumer, to respect the cultural and intellectual heritage of humanity and to contribute to its diversification and to overcome the challenges of the contemporary world in the digital age. In the current context of the globalization of economic, social and even spiritual life, the need for morality of people is becoming more and more pressing, on which we will continue to focus our concerns, because any new issue addressed includes a component of global ethics.

Notional and conceptual approaches to radicalization as a process of violent extremism development

Author(s): Aleksandar L. Jugović,Dragan V. Živaljević / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 2/2021

Radicalization is a political, social, psychological and group process that leads to the circumstances where certain political beliefs are accompanied by the readiness of an individual or a group to manifest violent extremism and acts of terrorism in a direct manner. This paper is aimed at the analysis of the concepts of radicalization, extremism and terrorism, and the classification and explanation of different concepts of radicalization. The paper applies the methods of analysis, synthesis and classification. Radicalization is classified and explained through three general approaches: structural contexts, risk factors and the development of radicalization. The key result of the paper is the conclusion about the need for the scientific development of a comprehensive theory of radicalization. The synthetic integrative theory of radicalization development should take into account different and mutually conditioned dimensions of this process.

Critical Factors in Central Government Information and Data Governance - Empirical Study

Author(s): Chuan-Chun Wu,Hsin-Chung CHU / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2021

Along with the development of information and communications technology being popular, types of data become rich and multiple, the analysis scope changes from structured data to non-structured data without sorting context, and the data volume becomes huge and is continuously growing. When data application cases and value benefit are gradually noticed in past years, government agencies realize that data could develop the value through cross-boundary collaboration, rather than simple relying on internal processing and analyses, and the collaboration process allows the government cultivating to apply data with added-value and establish evidence-based governance. Aiming at employees in public sectors in the central government of Taiwan, total 320 copies of questionnaire are distributed and 247 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 77% . The research results are summarized as below: (1) Regarding the curiosity and expectation of data analysis of the government, either directors of agencies or key case officers, with the expectation of applying the possessed data with added value, do not simply regard data as dead records, but attempt to apply data to solve specific public issues; (2) In addition to inducing the curiosity about data application in the internal organization, success cases of other agencies could facilitate the action of an organization participating in the project for expanding to central and local levels or cross-units inducing the agencies with similar businesses engaging in the project as well as accelerate project influence through experience sharing and reinforce the confidence of other units in information and data governance; (3) Information and data governance could benefit the government shaping positive image to interpret outcomes through data for the reference of future policies, strengthen the industrial and academic research energy of the business, as well as enhance public trust and agency transparency through cooperation with experts. According to the results to propose suggestions, it is expected to provide related policy suggestions for the government examining the internal organization from management to execution about the preparation for data governance and the reference for top decision-makers planning data application strategies, applying data to public-private collaboration, and improving existing data governance structure.

Influence Factors in the Effectiveness of National Defense Anti-Corruption Governance

Author(s): Nathan Cheng-Hu Chow,I-Jan YEH / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2021

Armed forces are currently in the environment with moral ambiguity and multiple cultures. In face of the chaos, corruption, and wasteful trend in current social value system, continuous conflict is bothering the cultivation and atmosphere of military character. Under the situation, officers and soldiers could easily fall into bad belief and become indifferent to surrounding affairs with apathy. Various military discipline events appear in domestic armed forces in past years; besides, the exaggeration and report of print media and electronic media, and even some officers and soldiers spilling, smearing, and slandering each other to defile others’ innocence destroy the image of armed forces. Military character presents close relations with integrity building action. Aiming at military personnel in Ministry of National Defense, total 420 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 347 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 83%. The research results are summarized as below. Factors in the effectiveness of armed forces personnel’s anti-corruption governance contain micro aspects of lack of legal and disciplinary ideas and value deviation of armed forces personnel as well as macro aspect of complicated approval operation and rules resulting in lobbying interfering businesses. The effectiveness of armed forces personnel’s anti-corruption governance not being affirmed by the society is related to the engagement of supervisors at all levels in anti-corruption work, as armed forces personnel are restricted to the political environment and aging senior customs personnel that the director’s engagement in anti-corruption work is not manifested. Armed forces personnel involving in internal anti-corruption problems are minimized to largely reduce the effectiveness of anti-corruption governance. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to improve problems resulted from military discipline and to promote the armed forces’ image of integrity, being close to the people, and loving the people.

Kontrowersje wokół ulepszania człowieka. Na podstawie książki Ulepszanie człowieka. Perspektywa filozoficzna

Author(s): Marcin Ferdynus / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

This work is a review of the book Human Enhancement. Philosophical Perspective (edited by G. Hołub and P. Duchliński, Jesuit University Ignatianum Press in Krakow, Krakow 2018). The main purpose of the text is a critical review of selected problems and views that are included in this publication. The article contains additions, comments, and polemics, as well as methodological remarks based on the literature in Polish and English.

Emocijų vaidmuo mobilizuojant visuomenę kovai su klimato kaita: emocinės būsenos konstravimas įkvepiant masinį judėjimą

Author(s): Neringa Mataitytė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1(101)/2021

How do emotions contribute to mobilizing the international community to join massive protests against climate change? Although it is common to superficially state that protests are full of various emotions, it remains unclear how emotions become collective on the international level and how they ensure the spread of mass mobilization. This research paper examines the process of collectivization of emotions and how it explains mass mobilization in the case of international climate change strikes. This paper raises the question of how the emotional environment was favourably constructed in Greta Thunberg’s case in order to mobilize international society to join climate change strikes, and it aims to reveal how group emotions play an important role in successful international mobilization. Based on Sarah Ahmed’s theory of cultural politics of emotions and James M. Jasper’s theory linking emotions and social movements, it is assumed that specific emotions were circulated to create a distinct emotional environment that inspired the international community to join Thunberg’s climate strike. An Emotional Discourse Analysis revealed that Thunberg’s speeches are full of emotional potential that provokes reactive emotions such as fear, anger and hope in the global society and establishes an injustice-based framing of the problem as well as the dichotomy between the political elite and the global society. This study contributes to the research field of emotions in international relations by exploring in more depth the collectivization of emotions and expands the theory of cultural politics of emotions to include explanations of international politics phenomena such as mass mobilization.