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The aim of this paper is to integrate the quantitative content analysis methodology into the broader perspective of the social representation theory, in the attempt to illustrate the manner in which the mediated social representation of an institution can be included in an effective communication strategy.
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The world has entered a period of intense globalization, especially after the 1980s. After this process, international economic, political and cultural relationships have increased. The biggest impact of globalization on the economy has been the increase in foreign direct investments. In this study, the effects of foreign direct investment on developing country economies were tried to be analyzed by panel data analysis. Economic growth has been affected foreign direct investments in the negative direction, foreign direct investments have been affected fixed capital investments in the positive direction have been achieved by this study for the base period.
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The study analyses the possibility to measure the scale of disproportion in the development of the synthetic feature between spatial objects over a period of time on the basis of relativised values of diagnostic features. The study also proposes the construction of taxonomically relative indices of development according to the approach based on spatial median and it compares this approach with the classic approach proposed by Wydymus (2013). Both approaches are illustrated with a numerical example referring to the economic infrastructure in rural areas of the counties in Wielkopolskie Voivodeship.
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In the last 5 years a deluge of articles on the topic of Internet addiction (IA) has proposed many candidate symptoms as evidence of this proposed disease. We critically reviewed the current approach to the measurement and identification of this new excessive behavior syndrome. Methods: Three popular models of IA were discussed: Griffith’s components model; Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT); and the criteria by Tao et al. (2010). We selected these models because they are widely cited and propose specific criteria for IA disorder. Our approach is not meant to provide an exhaustive review, but to discuss and critique the most salient trends in the field. Results: The models of Internet addiction share some criteria, including feeling a loss of control over Internet use; ensuing psychological, social, or professional conflict or problems; and preoccupation when not using the Internet. Other criteria inconsistently mentioned include: mood management, tolerance, withdrawal, and craving/anticipation. The models studied here share the assumption that the Internet can produce a qualitative shift to a diseased state in humans. Conclusions: We critically discussed the above criteria and concluded that the evidence base is currently not strong enough to provide support for an Internet addiction disorder. Future research areas are suggested: (1) Focusing on common impaired dimensions, (2) exploring neuroimaging as a model building tool, and (3) identifying shifts in the rewarding aspects of Internet use. Given the lack of consensus on the subject of Internet addiction, a focus on problem behaviors appears warranted.
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Die Rauminformatik, die noch sehr junge Wissenschaft der ortsgebundenen Informationen, gibt es erst seit etwa dreißig Jahren. In Ungarn erschien sie in den 1980er bis 1990er Jahren und stieß sehr bald auf das Interesse der Gesellschaftswissenschaften, somit auch auf das der Archäologie. Bedenkt man, daß der überwiegende Teil der mit archäologischen Methoden zu sammelnden Informationen ortsgebunden ist, ist daran nichts Sonderbares. Ilona Valter war die erste, die bei der Untersuchung der Siedlungsgeschichte des Bodrogköz unseren derzeitigen Begriffen gemäß Rauminformatik „betrieben”, eine Umgebungsrekonstruktion angefertigt hat. Zur Zeit laufen in Ungarn mehrere Versuche, die Rauminformatik in der Archäologie anzuwenden. Ich selbst habe den Versuch unternommen, die Ergebnisse einer konkreten Ausgrabung mit Methoden der Rauminformatik und einem sich ihnen eng anschließenden Datengewinnungsverfahren, der Entfernungswahrnehmung, aufzuarbeiten. Mit Hilfe der systemimmanenten Analysemöglichkeiten erhoffte ich eine bessere Auswertung der bereits aufgetauchten Funde und Objekte sowie eine genauere Bestimmung dessen, in welchen Richtungen künftig weiterzuforschen sei. Beim Beginn meiner Arbeit standen mir die Ausgrabungsergebnisse der Jahre 1992–95 sowie eine Luftaufnahme von 1990 zur Verfügung, die unsere Forschungen im Jahre 1995 determinierte. Der als Felsőzsolca-Várdomb registrierte Fundort liegt an der Straße Miskolc-Szerencs, 200 m westlich der Abzweigung nach Arnót (Abb. 1). Der Hügel wurde bei der Verlegung einer Gasleitung gestört. Danach führten wir eine Fundrettung in diesem Gebiet durch, die etwa 1000 m2 umfaßte. Dabei wurden Siedlungsobjekte aus fünf Epochen (Neolithikum, Bronzezeit, Kaiserzeit, Früh- und Spätawarenzeit) gefunden.
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The paper object is to analyze the differences between the methods used by NGOs and civic movements, in order to influence the territorial development trends in Cracow. The text discusses methods of those, which shaped the directions of development of Cracow, on the background of the theory of life cycle of the organization.
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The paper presents the DEA+ method as a tool for estimating the production function and the measure of technical efficiency in data points. A multi-product case is considered. Presentation of the underlying semiparametric frontier model is followed by demonstration of the very algorithm of DEA+ and a discussion of its validity. Finally, the method is illustrated with an empirical example with selected model distributions for each random variable constituting the composed error.
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The aim of this article is to describe how large-scale international comparative studies such as PISA or AHELO are often used as political tools to develop national education policies. The article discusses the limitations and possibilities for misuse of such data in reforming national educational systems. AHELO, for example, might easily become a ‘soft law’ and begin to have an influence on national higher education policies, national higher education system organisation and, ultimately, on teaching arrangements for higher education institutions. Furthermore, these large-scale assessments often – and unintentionally – promote Anglo-Eurocentrism and the colonial nature of ideas along with conceptions of ‘good learning’.
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Child-centred approaches focus on the children’s perspective and on participation. Participatory action research can be a fruitful methodology for investigating delicate topics such as child labour in migrant communities. This article presents a peer research project conducted in Rome (Italy) which actively involved a group of foreign working young people over two years and employed a variety of methodologies. Research methods will be illustrated and critically discussed, with a particular focus on the benefits for the migrant youths involved and ethical questions arising from this type of research. A brief summary of the main findings will also be provided.
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In the 2000s, PISA surveys were a real shock to the world of education. The hopes of researchers of church-affiliated schools to obtain a powerful international measurement tool via which to benchmark the performance of students and schools were very high. But, unfortunately, the public PISA databases do not reveal the types of school maintainer, and the PISA sampling is not representative regarding actually existing school sectors. There were, however, countries in every PISA wave where private schools performed better than their public counterparts even if parents’ backgrounds were taken into consideration. Recently, researchers have been connecting such phenomena to a school’s climate and/or to educational values which may indicate a new type of effectiveness based on work values and on a long-term return on investments.
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In providing a framework for interpreting the impact of PISA, this paper first outlines the main trends in the development of the social sciences, including interaction between them and the growing international cooperation. It shows how PISA embodies these tendencies, how approaches in economics, sociology and psychology appear in the program and how they are synthesized in comparative analyses to support improvements in education systems. The main part of the study reviews the effect of PISA on some major areas of educational research. It elaborates on how it has renewed the methodology for large-scale international assessments, among other things, by introducing age-based sampling, shortened time periods between assessment cycles, opportunities for improving precision by exploring one of the main assessment domains (reading, mathematics and science) in more detail in each cycle, and introducing a fourth, innovative domain. By applying a number of questionnaires on diverse themes, PISA has contributed to a better understanding of how school systems’ work and it has advanced school effectiveness research a great deal. By reinterpreting and extending the content of literacy and focusing on aspects of application, it has contributed to the emergence of a new conception of knowledge and renewed methods of framework advances. It has further developed the application of modern test theories in several respects as well as analysis and presentation technologies relating to assessment data. The last part of the paper gives an overview of criticisms surrounding the PISA process – and it outlines the spectrum of discourse, ranging from naive lay opinions to scholarly discussions among specialists from specific fields.
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Since 2000, PISA (International Student Assessment), one of the most influential international programs of the OECD, has almost revolutionized our understanding of education. Th is program offers a unique way of carrying out comparative analyses of the world’s education systems. PISA has its admirers – as well as its opponents; it was already being criticized at its initial stages and is being criticized without break now. In my study I shall summarize the critiques of the PISA methodology, for example sampling, test item developing and the Rasch method. These critiques will help us get to understand what PISA is and is not good for. Although the league table of the world’s education systems seems to be the most popular product arising, PISA offers much more too, i.e. debunking educational myths and understanding what works in depth. Hungary’s longitudinal large-scale assessment system (NABC) provides more information for an understanding of the unsettling results offered by PISA to Hungary.
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This study seeks to provide an explanation for three sub-problems. 1. The social determination of creation/the arising of “old-type” new historical data (for example determinative factors for excavations, etc.); 2. the social circumstances of creation/ the arising of “new-type” new historical data (for example, historical medicine) 3. reinterpretation/re-structuring of old data (for example, the digitalisation of sources). There are two topics within this area of sub-problems: 1. how the new “data universe” (the internet) has changed the topics and methods utilized in research; 2. how academic communities have perceived and integrated the new data types and how the face of a community has become altered within this process. The first sub-problem is interpreted from a functionalist perspective, the second from a conflict-theoretical one.
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The aim of this paper is to find the most important patterns in published papers on the twin deficits. The research methodology includes text-mining analysis covering all the relevant Research Papers in Economics (RePEc) works. It turned out that Ricardian equivalence and the Mundell-Fleming approach dominate twin deficit research, especially in developed countries. The current account targeting hypothesis and bi-directional causality are confirmed mainly in developing countries. As regards the methodology, the most used are cointegration techniques and Granger causality testing. The percentage of papers proving Ricardian equivalence did not change during the analysed period, while the percentage of those confirming the Mundell-Fleming model decreased when using more recent data
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The idea for this research topic came to me after listening to a Romanian acquaintance speak first in Romanian, then in Japanese. Coming from a poor gypsy community from the south of Romania, A. had barely finished high school and her speech contained clear markers of her social background. Her Japanese, however, learned from her Buddhist priest husband and her mother-in-law, sounded cultured and elegant. Focused on field work conducted at a bar in Osaka, owned by a former Romanian hostess and tended by a Romanian man, as well as on numerous interviews, our paper will analyze the language choices made by other Romanian hostesses who tend to gather there when their regular hours are over. The concept of social class is less defined in Japan compared to other societies, but the lines and borders exist and it is our purpose to try to define them.
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The main aim of this research is to assess the credit risk for a non-banking financial institution using empirical data. The results based on a sample of 800 clients indicated, using binary logistic regressions, that higher income category, higher education and age are, lower the chances are for a client with these characteristics of not refunding the credit. For people with high number of PNC validations the chances of default credit are higher. The characteristics related to social status (income category and education) had the greatest influence in explaining the clients’ behaviour, according to principal component analysis.
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There are many MBA courses in the world. It is necessary to know the uniqueness of each MBA (Master of Business Administration) in the world. What are the criteria to evaluate the value of MBA?I gathered some basic information of MBA s in Europe, USA and Japan. These are the official information provided by Web site of each University. Through the survey for those 3 area’s MBA course, I found regional uniqueness among 3 regions as above.In the USA, it has long history and many MBA s in USA. They are in the very tough competition each other. However, majority of them are practical business oriented MBA. In Japan, it is different. MBA is very new in Japan. Some of the University strengthens MOT (Management of Technology). It is technology oriented MBA. In Europe, it has variety; however it smells academic oriented MBA. There are 3 tastes in MBA.All of those MBA has 1 common approach, it is social linkage. MBA is developed for business needs,and it is from social needs. MBA must countermeasure such a social needs.
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The economics scholars agree that investment in education is a competitive advantage. After participating and graduating the “Advanced Summer School in Analyzing Market Data 2013”, the students will gain some formal competences is applied knowledge in Statistics with the IBM SPSS Statistics software. Studies show that the employers seek also practical competences in the undergraduate students, along with the theoretical knowledge. The article focuses on a SWOT analysis for organizing a Summer School in order to compose lists of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The purpose of the “Advanced Summer School in Analyzing Market Data 2013“ is to train undergraduate students from social-human sciences to gain competences which are valued in the market and a certificate for attendance,to develop an appropriate training program which combines applied knowledge, statistics and IBM SPSS software and to create a „Summer School quality brand” with high-quality training programs for the Faculty of Administration and Business.
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