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Сън по време на война. Чочарка

Author(s): Nevena Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The text is dedicated to two movies based on Alberto Moravia’s book “Ciociara”. The author examines some folklore motifs through which the role of the woman is presented. The analysis also includes the dream of a wedding, which transforms the understanding of time-space relationship. Outlining authentic folklore motifs in the film narrative is in the centre of the study, together with the original presentation of the person having the wedding dream, which forms the visual core of the film. Central point in the text is the relation between reality and the way it is experienced by the dreamer.

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Сънищата и сънотълкуването в българската традиционна култура

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Сънищата и сънотълкуването в българската традиционна култура

Author(s): Anatol Anchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

In this article, I offer a summarized survey of the different folklore genres in Bulgarian traditional culture that refer to dreams, dream interpretation and the consequences of dreams. The study is based on a substantial number of narratives of dreams and dream interpretations that I have recorded through fieldwork, and on my research on this topic. I have also utilized published and archive materials, dating since the Bulgarian Revival period until modern times, and published research by folklorists and ethnographers from the distant past until the present day. I delineate the main principles of dream interpretation; the ways of dream interpretation, and the factors that influence it. It is underlined that dream interpretation is part of the cultural education in patriarchal Bulgarian society as an essential element of the skills and practices referring to predicting the future. All of this confirms the fact that dreams and dream interpretation are a significant part of the system of Bulgarian traditional culture. I emphasize the unity of opposites, which is basic for the classification and interpretation of dreams. It is an important characteristic of Bulgarian traditional culture as a whole and also of the Bulgarian culture and language from the Middle Ages until modern times. Simultaneously, I also dwell on the analytical-psychological essence the unity of opposites. Special attention is paid to the crucial role of the context for the correct interpretation of dreams, which corresponds to the method of amplification in Jungian psychology.

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Сънят-приказка

Author(s): Nikolai Vukov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The article deals with the semantic and functional interrelations between folktales and dreams and with the role of dreaming as a component which defines the structure of the folktale plots. The author discusses the symptomatic lack of the dream motif in one of the key studies in the humanities of the twentieth century, Vladimir Propp’s “Morphology of the Folktale” (1928). The study emphasizes the special place that the motif of dreaming has in folktales and analyses the versatile development of the narrative through the situations of “a folktale in the dream” and “a dream in the folktale.” The focus of attention is on the folktales from “One Thousand and One Nights,” through which a range of narrative techniques and plots enter European culture, along with a plethora of themes and motifs related to dreams and dreaming. Based on the analysis, the author elicits two main models of assimilation of dreams/ sleep in folktales: the model of Sleeping Beauty and the model of Scheherazade, which represent respectively sleeping as a fact provoking no plot, and the dream as a tale. The conclusion offers an explanation of the absence of the dreaming motif from Propp’s folktale morphology and draws a parallel between the theory of the functions in folktale plots and the idea of the psyche’s protective mechanisms in psychoanalytical tradition.

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Творческа мотивация и процъфтяване: индивидуално-психологически аспекти

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Творческа мотивация и процъфтяване: индивидуално-психологически аспекти

Author(s): Kirilka Tagareva,Magdalena Gereva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Creative motivation is considered in the context of personality structure and flourishing as an indicator of positive development. The aim of the present study is to explore the relationships in the field of creativity and creative motivation as factors for achieving psychological well-being and flourishing, as well as their presence within various psychological profiles. Hypotheses have been raised in order to measure the presence of creativity indicators within certain psychological types in relation to the level of creative motivation and flourishing. The survey instruments used are: Myers Briggs Type Indicator, Torrance Creative motivation scale and Diener Flourishing Scale. The results presented are based on a pilot study conducted in Plovdiv. The sample includes people in early adulthood, authentic folklore dance performers.

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Теоретические основы социального Психоанализа

Author(s): Lyudmila Storizhko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2020

The theoretical provisions of social psychoanalysis are based on the consideration of the following basic components of the psyche: consciousness and unconscious, individual and collective unconscious, social unconscious. Sigmund Freud one of the first has been researched internal incentives, under the influence of which, all mental human`s processes come into effect, which determine the motivational structure of human behavior. Through the prism of unconscious appetence, he tried to consider as the behavior of an individual person and the whole history of the development of humanity. Unconscious in Carl Jung’s understanding acquires a new meaning: it relates with historical and spiritual layers of humanity experience. It was Z. Freud and C. Jung who formulated the basic theoretical principles of social psychoanalysis about the “deep” and “peak” motivation of human behavior.

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Типове реч и обучението по писмено преразказване

Author(s): Mariana Mandeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2013

The links between speech, language and thinking are considered. A classification of speech types and kinds is presented. The polyphonic, written and monological speech which have their own opportunities in teaching written retelling are characterized.

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Травма Шоа в мемуарах Марти Горен (Вінтер) Донечка, про яку ми завжди мріяли. Історія Марти

Author(s): Uliana Sharpe / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 7/2020

In this paper, the author emphasises that the events of the twentieth century, in particular the Holocaust, are (post) traumatic not only for a particular nation but for humanity in general. Any denials only confirm the deep collective and cultural footprint of the horrific experience the mankind has gone through. An attempt is made here to analyse the memories of Martha Goren (Winter) by using the psychological concepts of M. Hirsch, C. Caruth, J. Lacan, D. Laub, R.J. Lift on, D. Taylor, Sh. Felman, S. Freud. The author, who was born in Chortkiv in 1935 in the family of a Jewish lawyer and pharmacist, tells the readers of her experience in the face of horrors of the Holocaust. According to the article’s author, the writing is one of the most effective ways to find release because the victim’s becoming the author enables her to distance herself from the experiences as she contemplates a time of horrific events. By using the technique of exact writing, Martha Groen avoids descriptions of her own feelings and emotions. Thus, one of the important post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms is a defence mechanism that shuts down an emotion (the so-called numbness effect). A number of problems that the Jewish girl has encountered in her life are identified in the text: self-identity problems, the survivor syndrome, and the post-traumatic stress disorder. All of these collective and cultural traumas overlapped and amplified each other.

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Традиційна зачіска українців у контексті ініціації

Author(s): Olga P. Kostiuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2020

The purpose of the article is to study the traditional Ukrainian hairstyle in the context of the interpretation of the functional-semantic meaning of initiation. The methodology is based on the use of psychoanalytic, structural-functional, semiotic, and cultural-historical methods. Scientific novelty. The application of the theory of classical psychoanalysis, myth-centric ideas and concepts allow us to consider the traditional hairstyle of Ukrainians in the context of initiation from the perspective of archaic forms of culture, which indicates the transition process with a change in biological life cycles and social conditions as a new “design” and “creation” of a person. Conclusions. In the interpretation of the functional-semantic meaning of initiation, theories of classical psychoanalysis, myth-centric ideas, and concepts are recognized as significant. When considering the traditional initiations of the Ukrainians and the ancient Slavs, the presence of an archaic basis is emphasized, and under the initiation itself, in modern language, of course, the social model of myth, which is built on the archetypes of the collective unconscious. It is proved that the transformation of the hairstyles of Ukrainians and the ancient Slavs in rituals and rites of initiation testifies to the transition process with a change in biological life cycles and social conditions as a new "design" and "creation" of a person. A promising direction for further research is the detailed study of the traditional hairstyle of Ukrainians in the context of initiation for the modern socio-cultural space as a tool for compliance with the traditions, maintaining their vitality and stability.

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ТРАНСГУМАНІСТИЧНА МІФОЛОГЕМА У РОМАНІ Г. МАЙРІНКА «ГОЛЕМ»: ВІД АЛХІМІЇ ДО ПСИХОАНАЛІЗУ

Author(s): Lyudmila Sergeevna Gotz / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2020

The purpose of this article is to investigate and explicate transhumanistic cultural messages found in G. Mairink's novel "The Golem" (1914). The methodology of research within the framework of Cultural Studies consists of the use of structural-functional plot analysis, semiotic and hermeneutic analysis, axiological, and archetypal analysis (analytical psychology of C. G. Jung). The scientific novelty of this paper lies in the fact that within the framework of the humanities, in particular cultural studies, for the first time the analysis of the "Golem" novel is carried out in the context of the transhumanist paradigm. Also offered are the author's definitions of the concepts of "transhumanism" and "transhumanistic act". Conclusions. G. Meyrink‘s esoteric transhumanism insists on the need to overcome the "golemic", that is, the "incompleteness", the original imperfection of man, and reach self deification.

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Трансценденталното съзнание versus феноменологичното несъзнавано

Author(s): Nevena Krumova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

Summary of the scientific philosophical conference "Transcendental Consciousness versus Phenomenological Unconscious"

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Траурна ритуалност и нагласи към смърттта на българите

Author(s): Krasimira Yonkova,Doncho Donev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

The death is not attractive to anyone, but is resident for each living creatures. Its conversion into taboo leads to a different transformations. We may find their expression in a symbolic funeral rituals. From this perspective, mourning and funeral rites of the Bulgarians proved particularly significant in shaping the attitudes toward death. If we linking these attitudes with specific stages of life, the dynamic in the attitude of Bulgarians towards the end of life will be clearly traceable.

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Тревогата в психоанализата

Author(s): Milena Motsinova-Brachkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2013

Тhe article presents anxiety as fundamental to psychoanalytic understanding of the nature of man as a speaking being and his mental functioning. As a reason for anxiety initially Sigmund Freud indicates suppression of mental images in which the remainder of not symbolized libido raises concern. Second version of Freud presents anxiety as a product of the loss of an object; castration, associated with the Оedipal complex, implies the absence of the object. One part of the libido remains inaccessible to symbolization and that this part of the libido Jacques Lacan would call Real. Lacan regarded libido problems beyond phallic and Oedipal complex. By introducing the subject „little a” it shows that anxiety is objectless. The site „little a” functions as a lost object – oral object (the breast), the anal object, gaze, voice. The symptom is a therapeutic key to anxiety in psychoanalysis. Analytical work with the symptoms depends on the psychic structure of the subject – neurotic or psychotic structure. Analysis began because anxiety or some painful symptoms, associated with dysfunction and ends with a new final symptom that helps man to name the unnameable part of his being, and in fact this is a new way of living.

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Тревожността като категория на психологията

Author(s): Petya Trifonova-Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

If the worries and fears prevent you from living in the way you would like, you probably suffer from anxiety disorder. The good news is that there are many ways we could influence anxiety and its symptoms until reduce it to a minimum and regain control of our lives. Anxiety helps us to be focused and in good condition and motivates us to act and solve problems in our daily lives.

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Третичният мисловен процес на кръстопътя между метапсихологията, когнитивната наука и невронауката

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Третичният мисловен процес на кръстопътя между метапсихологията, когнитивната наука и невронауката

Author(s): Petar Radoev Dimkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The strict differentiation between the abstract-verbal-logical thought (the Freudian secondary thought process) and the primitive, fantastic thought (primary thought process) is conditional and the border between the two is not clear-cut. This fact allows one to postulate the existence of a third thought process, which would fill the empty space. The third process, essentially, can be defined as concrete, imaginative representation of abstract notions, which is subjected to modifications of volition or as a regress in the name of the ego. Due to this position, the question about the third process touches upon some ancient philosophical questions, e. g. the origin of notions, in particular, the so-called conceptual empiricism, and the transcendental schematism of Kant. Also involved are the contemporary psychological research on representations as concrete and nonetheless generalizing image as well as fantastic imagination and reproductive imagination. The third process reveals itself as invaluable means to creative thought, which, in comparison with the secondary process, is elastic and plastic, and exactly due to this fact it can be subjected to modification (constructivism). Subjectivism and constructivism allow one to view this thought process from a philosophico-practical point of view.

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Ученето в природонаучното познание и страхът от провал

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Ученето в природонаучното познание и страхът от провал

Author(s): Nikolay Tsankov,Veska Guyviiska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The main problem discussed in this article is related to the reasons as to how and why fear dominates students’ learning process in education institutions. A right approach toward the topic requires first an investigation of the cognitive aspects of fear, especially when we talk about nature and science knowledge and studies. The research reveals and analyses the main concept characteristics of fear, connected to different ways of thinking and understanding the learning process. Some fear barriers of the learning process have been outlined. The empirical defense of the ideas is based on the research ideas of Daniel Kahneman, an Israeli-American psychologist, and his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making in conditions of inexplicitness. The empirical data used for the research includes inquiries into students and teachers’ opinion of fear of learning. It is based on the concept of cognitive niches in thinking, which become barriers to learning. In the field of natural science education this problem deserves special attention.

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Фактори и причини за извършване на престъпления от непълнолетни правонарушители (индивидуално приемане на престъплението)

Author(s): Daniela Petkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2012

Crisis which is affecting society and the increase in criminogenics factors that underlie a number of offenses committed by minors. Social ill and the accompanying poverty, hunger, domestic strife and inability to meet basic needs further restrict the ability of individuals to find an adequate solution to get out of this situation and sometimes an offense is considered as the only possible outcome. It would be wrong, however, assuming that only external circumstances underlying the commission of crimes. Not every person with any problem committing offense. For each problem situation exists and lawful acting out. It is therefore necessary to examine individual – personal factors that determine criminal behavior.

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ФИГУРА МАЈКЕ У РОМАНУ „УЖАС ПРАЗНИНЕ“ ПЕТЕРА ХАНДКЕА

Author(s): Nataša M. Cicvarić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 76/2021

Peter Handke is a multi-award winning Austrian author, one of the most famous authors in German language; the writer who has a great influence on contemporary world literature. In this work the attention is on the novel A Sorrow Beyond Dreams (1972), that is the mother’s figure as a central charachter in the novel. The aim of this paper is also the analysis of traumatic experience in mother’s life in the novel A Sorrow Beyond Dreams. Thematic concepts were observed and realized through the mother’s figure and some histrorical and socio-political circumstances that led to the mother’s suicide are highlighted. In that context the cyclic structure of the novel is noticed. That structure is framed by birth and death motives. The main coclusions are concered with the cause of the mother’s suicide which was interpreted in two ways: as a resignation or an attempt of resistance. Repression of emotions that is repressively imposed is portraid on mother’s body, so the body is interpreted as the text itself which severs us to understand her trauma. These traumas were connected with the consequences of the Second World War and interpreted in the context of Freud’s psychoanalysis.

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Философия с кауза

Author(s): Nonka Bogomilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2022

The paper discusses and analyzes the specificities of the creative interpretation as a reading comprehension. The creative product, especially in philosophy with a cause, is described as a personal projection of the author in the light of his/her professional background, values preferences, existential psychology. A special attention is paid to the value aspect of the creative process and the role of the author’s attitude within it. The studies in the philosophical-anthropological sphere are debated within the same perspective; the intellectual and the social challenges the author usually meets in this process are discussed.

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Философията на правото и етиката – алтернатива или взаимна зависимост? (Историко-философски преглед)

Author(s): Yordan Gabrovski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2012

Every person chooses his own view of good and goals in the name of which he coordinates his behavior. Duty and evaluations are constitutive for the core of moral norms and motivation which realize the regulation of human behavior and actions. In relation of his mechanism the internal regulation have a main role and helps to men to create his social behavior and internal norms.

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ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ И АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВАНИЯ ДАЗАЙН-АНАЛИЗА

Author(s): Gion Condrau / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

Translation from German

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