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Комуникативната функция на танца като предмет на философската естетика

Author(s): Avrora Andreeva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This study focuses on an essential aspect of dance that is often neglected or rejected in dance research. The being of dance is viewed and considered as an aesthetic and social phenomenon. At the same time, the study postulates that dance – as an art form and as a social phenomenon – is a way of communication, of non-verbal expression, and a miscellaneous means for interchange of thoughts, feelings, perceptions and ideas between the participants in dance reality, an invitation to the outside world to enter within. The article holds the view that dance necessarily carries some kind of message and content. The means of expression involved in dance reveal their potential to transcend, transmit, to imply or hint, and sometimes even to hide meaning within the realized dance reality. In addition, the detailed analysis of the ballet-mime scene in Swan Lake traces a conversation, a “silent dialogue” between the two main characters, which is probably one of the best illustrations of the direct act of communication through art in general, and dance in particular.

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„Сляпото петно“ в индексикалните аналогии на опита

Author(s): Kristian Enchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

This is a text-experiment of thinking simultaneously intentional implication and transitive intentionality, with a focus on the affective side of perceptions harmonized in subjectivity. Kinesthetic activity is a permanent immanent transcendence. The technique thrown outside is the ‘blind spot’, the ‘point of the gaze’ behind the ‘point of view’. The exteriority of technique is not objective, we touch or see it when we touch or see the image: we see the invisible and touch the untouchable on the surface – this is the contact with the impossible possibility of the image. In technique, recognition and conceding by anonymous others is an inseparable part of our own kinesthetic organization: a permanent, intrinsic transition within ourselves as something other than ourselves. Our horizons of expectations do not remain unaffected by indexical analogies, by the ‘pinning’ of a related to habitually assimilated context ‘blind spot’ in the midst of ‘doing-work-as-if’. The affective tissue that accompanies the indexical analogy in mimesis, inscribes into the ‘scene’ of space the ‘scene’ of its own habitualized space, and thus a change of optics and perspective becomes possible, decentering becomes possible. This decentering makes the image fluctuating by analogy – “indexical analogies of experience” – with the indexical history.

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Effective Practices in Community Supervision model: Staff perceptions of the model and implementation

Author(s): Lily Gleicher / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

Staff who provide service to individuals under correctional supervision are critical to organizational change, implementation, and sustainability of policies and practices. The training on evidence-based practices demonstrates a movement toward effective interactions with community supervision officers and their clients, specifically to the Risk–Need–Responsivity model and core correctional practices. Research over the past several decades provides that fidelity to Risk–Need–Responsivity and core correctional practice can reduce recidivism among the community correctional population. However, the correctional field has a history of training staff, but limited success in implementing and sustaining these practices. The current qualitative study analyzes the feedback from 307 community supervision officers who responded to open-ended questions regarding the implementation of Effective Practices in Community Supervision model, a curriculum that incorporates the Risk–Need–Responsivity model and core correctional practices. Qualitative responses indicate key themes that help and hinder the implementation of evidence-based practices: individual attitudes and beliefs, organizational elements, and leadership.

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Reimagining probation and parole for young adults in the United States

Author(s): Kimberly Bernard,David Schwager,Miranda Sitney / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The aim of this article is to propose an overhaul in how young adults (approximately aged 15–25 years) should be supervised in the community while serving probation or parole sentences. Using a pilot model implemented in the Pacific Northwest in the United States, we describe the development of a new specialized caseload focused on the developmental needs of this age group. Once established, an ambitious training program using external subject matter experts was used to educate supervising officers and integrate best practices across four emerging areas in the literature: trauma informed care, brain development science, an Equity and Empowerment Lens with a racial justice focus, and the case management approach Effective Practices in Community Supervision. Results show the potential of this approach to change the trajectory of the life course of participants, as well as promote systematic and systemic reform in the participating jurisdiction.

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Staff Training Aimed at Reducing Rearrest: Probation officer attitudes and experiences

Author(s): Jill Viglione,Lucas M. Alward,DeCarlos L. Sheppard / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

Community correction organisations have recognised the importance of implementing evidence-based practices to improve probation practice and reduce recidivism rates. Research finds when probation agencies implement evidence-based practices in line with the Risk, Need, Responsivity model with fidelity, reductions in recidivism are possible. However, challenges of implementation persist. To assist in the translation of evidence-based practices to real-world practice, researchers and practitioners developed community supervision officer training programmes. Using qualitative interview data of trained federal probation officers, this study examined the implementation of the Staff Training Aimed at Reducing Rearrest. This study explored (1) probation officer attitudes and perceptions of Staff Training Aimed at Reducing Rearrest, training and implementation process; (2) how users and coaches implement key components of Staff Training Aimed at Reducing Rearrest; and (3) the organisational facilitators and barriers associated with Staff Training Aimed at Reducing Rearrest implementation. Findings suggest positive attitudes towards Staff Training Aimed at Reducing Rearrest for improving supervision process and highlight key facilitators and barriers that can be addressed to support successful implementation efforts.

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Examining sexual offences through a sociological lens: A socio-cultural exploration of causal and desistance theories

Author(s): Kyle Debbie / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

This article considers often contrasting theoretical approaches to sexual and non-sexual offending by comparing some influential accounts of the causes of sexual offending and examining the role of socio-cultural factors in the offending process. It also examines how desistance theories may be applied to this complex interaction between psychological factors and socio-cultural ones. The article concludes that there is a strong theoretical argument for substantial socio-cultural elements of sexual offending. It also argues that desistance theories may be applied for the same reason, but also because the causal and desistance process may be thought of as two separate processes. Moreover, and related to the second point, many criminological theories position offending behaviour not in the action that is considered a crime, but the fact that this action is a crime, meaning that both resistance to and desistance from sexual offending can be viewed in the context of general criminological theories.

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Taylor, W., Earle, R. & Hester, R. (eds): Youth Justice Handbook: Theory, Policy and Practice

Author(s): Nigel Elliott / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2011

Review of: Nigel Elliott - Taylor, W., Earle, R. & Hester, R. (eds) (2010) Youth Justice Handbook: Theory, Policy and Practice, Cullompton: Willan in association with the Open University Press; ISBN 13:978-1-84392-716-7 (pbk., £22-99)

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Ëndrra në eposin e Kreshnikëve në suazën e eposeve të tjera mesjetare e paramesjetare

Author(s): Drita Isufaj / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

The motive of the warning dream is one of the most widespread and one of the oldest in the epic gender. In epic dreams appear at the key moments of the narrative as a prediction or interpretation of what is to come. They usually contain a series of symbols that have to be interpreted by the dreamer. In epic creations, dreams have a significant influence on the course of the story. In most cases they encourage the heroes to continue their journey. We encounter the warning dream in the earliest literary work found until today, the Epic of Gilgamesh. Also in both Homeric poems, Iliad and Odyssey, the motive of the dream is widely encountered. This motif appears densely also in our epic, we remember here the dream of Muji in the song "Rapture of Muj's wife", his next dream in the rhapsody "Gjogu i Mujit", the dream of Krajl's wife in "Halil's Marriage" warning of kidnapping of Tanusha. Among the medieval European epics, we mention the prophetic dream of Cid, the Spanish epic hero. He dreams about the archangel Gabriel, who tells him that he will eventually triumph. Encouraged by this dream, Cid enters the city of Toledo. In the French epic, the dream of Charlemagne is evident; the king sees two dreams that warn of misfortune; the first dream predicts Ganelon's betrayal, and the second the death of his nephew Roland. The purpose of this paper will be to examine the motive of the dream in the Epic of the Kreshniks by considering it as part of the cadre of the medieval and pre-medieval epics.

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Ëndrra e një nate pa gjumë

Author(s): Eljon Doçe / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

The divine saying "Let there be light!”, is transformed by Migjeni into the saying of the Son of Man, who is unable to speak with the language of his Creator, and so this omnipotent command is now reduced into a praying that says "Please, just a little bit of light! ". The missing and required light on a sleepless night is the dream itself. Migjeni seeks with persistence and paradoxically calls for the light help, though the poem that he creates is not a poem for light more than it is for darkness; in this nocturnal poem he desperately wants to "sleep," even though this sleep asks to be fulfilled with "a little light". It is not clear how these two images, "light" and "sleep", can semantically stay together, but in this oxymoronic relation the appearance of the "dream", the only and unexplainable physiological dimension that always unites the oppositions in the world and make possible the impossible, actually solves the paradox of this oxymoronic relation. The dream is the real light, not the physical light composed of photons. It is the inner light, the universal language, that the soul can understand and speak without any obstacle, is the language of God, where the word is, in fact, a deed and where the impossible does not exist. At "A sleepless night" Migjeni seeks the light, the dream, the genesis, where he can recreate his world from scratch, with the power to make it differently. The dream, the only space and the only illusion that brings man closer to God, to the omniscience and omnipotence, remains for him the only consolation, which is not sure if he really achieved.

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Epifani poetike të I. Kadaresë ose sprovë mbi një tipologji të mundshme të vendit poetik të ëndrrës

Author(s): Ermir Xhindi / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

The aim of this work is the study, on the narrative poetics level, according to the reader's response, of the nature of the relationships on the fictional structure between the Dream as an isotopic closed unit, with the text as an opened one, dynamic and isotopic body. In our view, as the elaborated version of the merging of traditional post-structuralism with the phenomenological instance of structural meaning constructed by the reader, The Dream as a poetic unit, stands in front of the text, just as the word stands in the front of its explanation in the vocabulary. In its relationship with The Dream the text becomes embezzlement, displacement, conventional expansion of The Dream, its cultural interpretation through non-individual mechanisms, it expresses itself as a tension between the fictional necessity to produce coherence with the structure’s balanced build-up, that is, the relativization of The Dream, which naturally tends to acquire the authority of the symbolic structure of the text. But, first of all, on what indicators The Dream is defined, where is the place of The Dream in the structure, what are the functional relationships The Dream is implicated with, what kind of dialectics does it lead to? In this perspective, with this research, conducted through a critical instrument based on the theoretical model of the Possible Reader, in the story of ‘Forgetting a Woman' by I. Kadare, we have tried to define the initiation of a possible poetic typology of The Dream’s place in the texts of this author.

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Narracioni në trajtë zhgjëndrre tek aksidenti i kadaresë (psikonarrativa e zhgjëndrrës)

Author(s): Jorina Kryeziu - Shkreta / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

In this paper work will be reviewed the Accident novel written by Ismail Kadare through narrative techniques/several specific of: the suspense, the inversion, complex and inverse characters, as well as the narrator-detective through trick stories, which starts with eye-sighting and the view on the taxi mirror. The appearance of the character of Rovena as her form relates to the “mental” situation of Besfort Y. and to the situations in which the narrator places her own narrative actress. Thus, one side of the analysis is also the characters’ couple, Rovena St., and Besfort Y., who appears in the reader’s eyes through evocations, feelings, photos of letters, which serve as “factual evidence” to discover their life and their speculative relationship which is not ante-mortem but post-mortem; a suspicious relationship (Rovena St. she was fall in love with Besfort Y. from the back – not by eyes, voices, or walking). The evolution of lexical semantics, and decoding of language elements leads us back to the first narrative moment; so, the time freezes and turns back to discover the mystery that captures the narrative story, which is related to the accident or/and murder of Rovena St. (“Besfort Y.'s psychiatrist from the murderer did away with him”).

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Mitrush Kuteli, protagonist i një ëndrre në kufijtë e fantastikes

Author(s): Jorida Sotiri / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

This paper, aims to have as its object, features of fantastics in the Albanian literature and more specifically of the dreamer character in the Kutel's prose, as one of the distinguished representatives of the dreaming, symbolistic and fatastics prose in the Albanian literature. The Methodology of the research focuses on psychoanalitical studies, and aims to point out main literary features that the author holds, by describing the unconscious of his caharacter. The psychoanalytical point of view is an approach of surveillance and analysis over characters in terms of sensitivity and emotions they convey. In the Freud's assertion “ the dream interpretation is the gold way toward the acknowledgement of the unconscious element in the psychic life”. This approach creates the opportunity for an investigation of an incentive or impulse that effects in the unconscious of the character, that can be expressed in his conscious as result of suppresion and becomes a source of expression only in dreams. Kuteli as a writter has a certain individuality and tendency in the " narrative of dream" which was introduced as a lireary novelty of those times. By analysing the prose of this author, i will try to unbuckle the dream as a forbidden desire in the codification of fantastics in order to create the impression of satisfaction of the narrative. Following on this logic the author himself in a certain number of its narratives besomes a genuine witness of the psuchological analyses. We know that one of the most important functions of the literary elment in the text of prose is closely linked with the description of the emeotional state of the character, which witness in the text for indicators of linguistic diversity.

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Ëndrra për të pambërrishmen ("Floçka", A. Pashku)

Author(s): Viola Isufaj / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

The study is devoted to what is born of a dream, an inexhaustible and exhausting search that is kept alive by a dream and is finally achieved by a sleep (death) or a dream. After experiencing the impenetrability of reading in the narrative text with fabulous contours, before us finally, the story unfolds the solution. Knowledge, beauty and human freedom is placed against that of the infinite, divine. The light that sheds at the end of the Pashku story no matter what it really is: the hundreds of thousands of sunbeams, Flocka's gold hair that embraces the fellow, or the glitter of the knowledge finally mastered, when you have to die. The delicate issue of the boundaries between the dimensions of the two worlds and the crossing of this boundary, the metaphysical glow and imagination, intuition, full and deep longing of dream -and the dense network of symbols are aspects of the text that call us for research.

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Ëndrra, ëndërrimi, dhe ligjërimi onirik si prosede krijuese (Koliqi, Kuteli dhe Gunga)

Author(s): Vjollca Osja / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

This paper aims to analyze the function of the dream as an organizing element in some of Koliqi’s and Kuteli’s stories and in a poem written by F. Gunga. In the case of Koliqi and Kuteli the approach will focus on the narrative function of dreaming (especially in such stories as “The dream of a summer afternoon”, “The wonderful bride” or “Great is the calamity of sin” ). Koliqi uses the dream as a narrative catalyst while Kuteli uses it as a narrative revelation.In the case of F. Gunga’s poem we aim to analyse the elements of stylistics register and the syntax of the text. F. Gunga’s poem is characterized by a very distinctive and striking feature, such as the analogy between poetic discourse and dream discourse.

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“Ëndrra si realitet tjetër” – (Vepra poetike e Osman Gashit)

Author(s): Fatbardha Statovci / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

The primary purpose of this paper is to discover the relationship between the dream and the state of awakening, as two realities that communicate intimately within the literary work, as the ideo- aesthetic universe. The dream and its functionalization within the text as a key determinant, within the work of the Kosovar poet Osman Gashi, have a basic importance and emerge as a basic mechanism on the contours of which each idea and topic functions as the axis around which the author's interest swings. The dream as a separate world, as another reality, will be a crucial topic to be discussed in this paper. The dream as a subconscious psychic reality, which opposes empirical reality, in Gashi’s work, as though rarely in Albanian literature, always comes in the form of a highly aware suggestive game, and represents the basic modeling substrates; comes as a special experience and as a cacofonix mixture, as an affirmation of an existent and attractive world to be seen as the object of inspiration. Gashi's work, seen from this angle, emerges as a combination of real and unreal integral factors, emerging from the deepest holes of consciousness, from where dreams emerge as the misty phenomenon associated with the physical world and external implications. We consider that it is of great importance to illuminate and identify the articulation that is built on the basis of resemblance between these two realities, which really appear as a permanent concern and creative inspiration for this author, since we believe there is much to be said. The paper will have a completely psychoanalytic approach and will rely on the theories of Freud, Jung, Lacan, and Fromm. We expect that this paper will discover an unlit side of Gashi's work and will serve as an incentive for further discussion of the issue.

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‘Ëndrra në funksion të zbërthimit të vdekjes në veprën ‘’Aksidenti’’ të I. Kadaresë

Author(s): Klotilda Margjeka-Zalli / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 38.2/2019

The literary work of Ismail Kadare "The Accident" offers several reading ways in the function of dismounting the occurrence of death, throughout the evidences, but even through the fantastic element, and through the dream that ëill be the object of the short work. Build upon various interpretation variants, which is the technique of the author the dream as an inseparable part of the characters, plays an important role in the occurrence of death, in the accident of characters Besfort and Rovena. So our analysis will be detailed in the identification of the dream, its symbolism as a specific language of subconsciousness, subjected literary art, its role and its type in this ëork, being concentrated on the analysis of the text as a study method. After a detailed study of the characters, the effort of consciousness or unconsciousness, gives them fluctuation, ëhere the process of dreaming sometimes is ignored and sometimes is given importance, to give the occurrence not a small dimension and the connectivity of the events with each-other. A terminology which is rich in terms of the time of socialist realism, the figure of Stalin appears in a dream, like an archetype symbol. A particular issue will be devoted to the way of how the period of communism comes through the dream, knoëing as well the relationship of the author with it. One of the functions of the dream referring to C.G.Jung, is that it could predict situations before they happen. It is exactly this function that serves the event and that will get even the next issue in our work, in order to see the relationship of the characters with it. Also we will identify some "dream" expressions being invented from the author or from our popular culture, inherited in time, the dreaming process as a form of snoozing etc.

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„Gândind cu sângele”: psihanaliza freudiană și Holocaustul

Author(s): Florin Lobonț / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4+5(20+21)/2020

Holocaust historians and philosophers have been repeatedly confronted with the finding that the Shoah’s unspeakable horrors cannot be rationally reckoned as being most plausible. This study argues that one of the alternatives to the established epistemological paths of historical reconstruction of the Holocaust is increasingly represented by psychoanalysis which, until recently, has played a relatively minor role in the study of the psychology of genocide. It is only relatively recently that scholars, researchers and analysts such as Jacques Semelin, Slavoj Žižek, Dominick LaCapra, Dan Stone, Judith Kerstenberg, Steven Baum, or Karyn Bell, have joined towering figures such as Saul Friedlӓnder, Hans Mommsen or Peter Loewenberg in looking at genocide in ways derived – more or less directly – from psychoanalysis. Their purpose is to deepen and diversify our understanding of social “decontamination” phenomena, whose extreme forms have been regarded by many as incomprehensible. Such a goal equires the rethinking of modern genocide and mass murder, firstly by moving them from the space of exception, into the very fabric of modern societies’ ethos and cultural frameworks. To the Freudian concepts already employed by specialists, the present study adds negative transference as a present collective psychological experience of hostile emotions of an unconscious past origin and singles out the Romanian Holocaust’s powerful revelation of these mechanisms.

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PROVERBS IN THE SYSTEM OF LANGUAGE AND THEIR CREATIVE USE: A CROSS-CULTURAL VIEW

Author(s): Anita Načisčione / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Proverbs form part and parcel of intangible cultural heritage. They are handed down from generation to generation and retained in the collective long-term memory of a people, constituting part of their language and culture. The purpose of this paper is to revisit proverbs and examine some of their essential features in the system of language and in their creative use in discourse from a cross-language and a cross-cultural perspective. This approach calls for semantic and stylistic analyses of empirical material, which I have chosen from my own archive of English and Latvian proverbs. Linguistic examination of proverbs promotes an understanding of their functioning across the broad spectrum of languages and cultures, bringing out similarities in the figurative structure of their base form and their stylistic use in various types of discourse. Cognitive linguistic research on proverbs reveals an infinite diversity of expression of figurative thought: a manifestation of the capacity of the human mind for abstraction and generalisation. The study of figurative meaning of proverbs and its changes in discourse accounts for the uniqueness of their stylistic use in text, which lies in the creativity of the cognitive mind. Stylistic use of the same proverb and the same stylistic pattern yields a different creative form of expression. Novel stylistic instantiations emerge in discourse as a reflection of the development of figurative thought.

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Слушането на музика като средство за активизиране на детското внимание

Author(s): Margarita I. Racheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The beneficial effect of music on the adolescent is the subject of many studies.. The present study traces the changes in the concentration and stability of the attention of 6-7 year old children in mastering the program requirements in Bulgarian language and literature under the influence of music and without music. There is a significant improvement in the qualities of children's attention in the middle and at the end of the pedagogical situation as a result of listening to musical works. Experimental research proves that the inclusion of music as an emotionally stimulating stimulus in learning activates children's attention, increases the intellectual productivity of children and ensures a higher quality of educational interaction.

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SPREMNOST ZA OVLADAVANJE VJEŠTINAMA ČITANJA I PISANJA NA HRVATSKOME JEZIKU KOD DJECE ROMSKE NACIONALNE MANJINE ‒ JEDNAK POČETAK ZA SVE?

Author(s): Valentina Martan,Ivana Srebačić / Language(s): English,Croatian Issue: 2/2020

Over 16,000 people belong to the Roma national minority in the Republic of Croatia. Given the fact that they do not have their own standardized language and orthography, Roma children attend regular schools and regular curriculum in the Croatian language. This also implies the acquisition of reading and writing prerequisites prior to enrolment into first grade. The aim of this paper is to examine the level of acquisition of reading and writing prerequisites in Roma children and to determine whether Roma children (N = 56, 62.5% of boys, M = 6 years, 8 months, SD = 0.46) differ from children whose first language is Croatian (N = 55, 50.9% of boys; M = 6 years, 8 months, SD = 0.4) in the development of individual components of reading and writing prerequisites. Testing was performed through selected tasks from the Test for the assessment of reading and writing prerequisites (PredČip test, Kuvač Kraljević & Lenček, 2012). The results were as expected and indicate that Roma children deviate from regular achievement on most of the examined variables. In comparison to the control group of participants, Roma children demonstrated significantly lower results on almost all tested variables, apart from syllable and phonemic blending. The obtained results are an indicator of insufficient acquisition of certain components of reading and writing prerequisites in the Croatian language and insufficiently developed visual-perceptual abilities. Considering that reading and writing prerequisites are the important precondition for fluent reading and writing, it is clear that Roma children are not prepared for school education and that they demonstrate difficulties in keeping up with their peers at the beginning of formal school education. This implies the need for a systematic change of the preschool and school system with regards to this especially vulnerable group of children.

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