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Sağlık Kurumlarında Çalışanların Adalet Algılarının ve Kişilik Özelliklerinin Örgütsel Güven Üzerindeki Rolü

Author(s): Sibel ÖZAFŞARLIOĞLU SAKALLI,Edip ÖRÜCÜ / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2020

Purpose – The findings of any research in the field of health in terms of organization and administration is of great importance as the health sector is essential for people and it consumes a great portion of a country’s budget because it requires advanced technological investment. This article has two aims: The primary aim is to determine the influence of the justice perceptions and personal traits of health employees on their organizational trust. The secondary aim is to examine whether the demographic characteristics of health employees is significant for justice, trust and personal traits. Design/methodology/approach – The universe of the study consists of physicians, nurses, health employees apart from physicians, administrative staff, and the other employees hired as service procurement at Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital. The sample of the study is 558 health employees. The data regarding the voluntary participants were obtained through face-to-face questionnaires. The statistical analyses were made using SPSS 23 program.

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Otel İşgörenlerinin Örgütsel Sinizm Algıları ve İş Performansları Arasındaki İlişki: Kars İlinde Bir Araştırma

Author(s): Serkan Naktiyok,Ethem Topçuoğlu,Erman Kaygın / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

Purpose – Employers employed in hotels located in Kars City Center constitute the universe of the study. The main purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between organizational cynicism and job performance of hotel employees. Design/methodology/approach – The questionnaire consists of demographic variables, the Organizational Cynicism Scale adapted to Turkish by Karacaoğlu and İnce (2012) and the Business Performance Scale prepared by Avunduk (2016). The questionnaire was applied to hotel employees in the research universe in the form of a simple random sample. From the 153-person universe, 138 people were surveyed and 126 questionnaires were evaluated and data were obtained. The data were analyzed with SPSS and AMOS programs and findings were obtained. Findings – Young employees are considered to be more cynical as a result of being ambitious and wanting to have a position quickly. There was a significant difference between organizational cynicism and education, especially at associate degree level.

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Erken yaşta anne olan Suriyeli kadınların annelik deneyimleri üzerine fenomenolojik bir araştırma

Author(s): Huriye Tak,Hale Nur Kılıç Memur,Nur Başer Baykal,Hatice Betül Çakıcı / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2023

There has been an increase in the cases of early marriage and motherhood in Turkey, especially in the post-migration process. The aim of this study was to examine the motherhood experiences of Syrian women who experienced adolescence motherhood. Within the scope of this purpose, focus group interviews were conducted with 11 Syrian women who applied to the Bağcılar (Istanbul) Community Center, became mothers between the ages of 14-17, and are currently between the ages of 26-54. As a data collection tool, a semi-structured interview form created by the researchers was used. This form consists of 15 open-ended questions. The interviews were analyzed with interpretive phenomenology, which is one of the qualitative research methods. As a result of the analysis, early marriage experiences, encouragement to have children, deficiency of knowledge in childcare, difficulties in early motherhood, and power sources emerged as main themes. These themes were discussed in the light of the literature, and suggestions and limitations were stated.

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Klinik olmayan örneklemde evlilik uyumunun erişkinlerde görülen dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu belirtileri ve çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma düzeyleri ile ilişkisi

Author(s): Cemile Esinç Arz,İpek Güzide Pur Karabulut,Elçin Sakmar / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2023

The main aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between childhood trauma, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in adulthood and marital adjustment. For this purpose, the role of ADHD symptoms in adulthood as a potential mediator of the relation-ship between childhood trauma and marital adjustment was tested. The study involved 301 participants (164 women and 137 men) who were married once and officially, for at least one year, aged22-61, and had at least high school degree. A Demographic Information Form, Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Dyadic Adjustment Scale(DAS) were administered. Spearman Correlation Analysis and “PROCESS” macro developed byHayes in regression analysis for the instrument variable were used to test the hypothesis. It wasdepicted that there was a positive relationship between adult ADHD symptoms and childhoodtrauma levels while there was a negative one between adult ADHD symptoms and marital adjust-ment. The association between childhood trauma and marital adjustment was also identified asnegative. It was indicated that there was a mediator role of adult ADHD symptoms in relation to childhood trauma and marital adjustment. The results were found to be consistent with the literaturein general and they were discussed in the context of the literature.

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RECONSIDERATION OF LEARNING THEORIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THEIR APPROACH IN THE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): Laura BUTARU / Language(s): English Issue: 2, Suppl./2023

The attempt of the scientists to understand and explain/describe the mechanisms of human learning has been an on going and important concern with implications in various fields of endeavor. Thus, the variety of learning theories that are objectified in learning models or styles is explained. In the present study, we analyze the most important psychological theories of learning, viewed from the perspective of an environment that is increasingly present in people's lives, when we talk about learning - the virtual environment. Are assessment of these theories is important, because although they are well-known, they have an explanatory power, facilitating learning in the online environment, with the mention of correctly capturing the pedagogical/educational demands of designing such an activity. On a practical-applicative level, we have carried out pedagogical microresearch of a constative type, following the attitude of teachers towards learning carried out in virtual environments, the challenges that the act of designing entails, psycho-pedagogical demands of learning in the virtual environment. The questionnaire applied to more than 100 teachers in pre-university education captures their needs regarding the organization of the training space in the virtual environment. So, the ubiquity of learning is a modern characteristic of instruction and education, it remains for teachers to identify solutions for achievement, adaptation to situations and contexts as different as possible, as well as revaluing the psychological theories of learning from the perspective of technological learning environments.

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The relationship between attachment styles, psychological disorders, and mentalization capacity

Author(s): Ștefan POPOV / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Attachment theory is widely regarded as one of the most significant advancements in psychology. Originally focused on early childhood development, it has expanded to offer insights into a broad spectrum of psychological disorders in adulthood. Additionally, some scholars propose that attachment theory could serve as a unifying framework in psychotherapy. If psychological disorders stem from attachment disturbances, then therapeutic interventions should theoretically impact attachment styles. However, there remains ongoing debate regarding whether attachment styles remain fixed throughout life or can adapt in response to environmental factors or psychotherapy. This theoretical study seeks to provide greater clarity on the malleability of attachment styles, the association between attachment and psychological disorders, and the examination of mentalizationa central concept in the genesis of psychological disorders. Mentalization is not only seen as a core feature of attachment styles but also as a key process in psychotherapy.

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Shaping Films from the Inside Out: Embodied Mental Schemas in Filmmaking and Viewing

Author(s): Maarten Coëgnarts / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2023

This article aims to highlight the role of embodied mental representations or embodied schemas in both perception and filmmaking/viewing by foregrounding three premises: (1) perception is inferential and relies on prior embodied schemas; (2) filmmakers (authors) do not merely reproduce reality but equally impose body-based schemas onto the parts of a film in order to convey meanings; and (3) these schemas, as presented by the formal design of the work, may enrich the viewers’ experience by allowing them a privileged look into the embodied creative-thinking processes of filmmakers. It will be argued that viewers are prompted to peek into these processes because the representational embodied concepts, as cued by the films, are grounded in shared sensory-motor capacities that scaffold all abstract thinking and reasoning.

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Особенности развития мозга и способы коррекции при расстройствах аутистического спектра и синдроме дефицита внимания и гиперактивности: обзор современных исследований

Author(s): Sergei Anatolyevich Khaustov,Vyacheslav Albertovich Dubynin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2024

Introduction. Deep understanding of neurobiological processes in normal and abnormal children is crucially important for developing remedial procedures for mental development disorders and using inclusive learning methods. The purpose of this article is to summarize modern and most relevant information about the brain structure and functioning features in connection with disorders of neural structures, pathways and networks, as well as psychosocial and educational remedial methods for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Materials and Methods. The work is based on a comprehensive experimental research results analysis in the field of cognitive sciences and related areas affecting the issues of neurodivergent states. Research articles published between 2003 and 2024, mainly between 2021 and 2024, were used as materials. Results. Within the framework of this study, the authors identified key common and distinctive features of pathogenesis, epidemiology, and the neurobiological foundations of the ASD and ADHD development. Examples of disorders observed at the level of brain anatomical structures and functioning of individual neural networks are demonstrated. The spread of a symptomatic manifestations variety, concomitant disorders (comorbidity), the difficulty in differentiating the concepts of norm and pathology in a wide range of neurodivergent conditions are emphasized. Summarizing the data on various methods of therapy and treatment, the authors justified the key role of psychosocial adaptation within the framework of school education, which requires teachers’ understanding the peculiarities of mental development and techniques for interacting with neurodivergent children. Transmission of carefully selected information about the peculiarities of mental development to children seems to be relevant in order to help them understand their own problems and find solutions to them. These topics can be integrated into in the biology course given by appropriately prepared teachers. Conclusions. Rehabilitation and integration into society of children with ASD and ADHD is the main and practically the only way to solve the problem, requiring an understanding of the neurodevelopment peculiarities, conscious and tolerant attitude on the part of teachers, psychologists, parents and peers. The article is addressed to specialists in the field of psychology, special and inclusive education, pediatricians, educators, teachers, parents.

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ESSENTIAL QUALITIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COUNSELLOR

Author(s): Mihaela Stoica / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 37/2024

This article addresses the essential qualities and characteristics of the counsellor. Firstly, it specifies what counselling is and what the role of the counsellor is, and secondly, it presents the main characteristics and qualities of the counsellor that are essential to ensure its efficiency. Empathy is an essential quality of the counselor and refers to the ability to perceive the feelings, emotions of the interlocutor, his way of thinking and behaving, without identifying with him and without judging. The most important quality of an effective advisor is authenticity. Authenticity means that the counsellor does not play a role, he remains himself in the relationship with the client. All counselors need fundamental counseling techniques to relate to clients and help them understand their problems. Counseling techniques refer to communication skills, e.g., listening skills, questioning skills.

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DEVELOPING ACTIVE LISTENING SKILLS WITHIN DOCTOR-PATIENT INTERACTIONS

Author(s): Laura Ioana Leon / Language(s): English Issue: 37/2024

Developing good communication skills in healthcare settings, for all healthcare professionals, has become a mandatory thing today. Nonetheless, though in recent years, a lot of effort has been put in this direction, patients still complain about the fact they do not feel they are listened to. Also, recent studies show that with the development of technology, doctors tend to rely more on test results, diminishing the importance of listening to the patient’s story. The aim of this paper is to show how active listening should not become a neglected component of the communication process. Looked at from a different perspective, it may be regarded as the most important component of the communication process within doctor-patient interactions. Though usually neglected as a component of the communication process, active listening seems to be given its importance back again, as it is the very tool by means of which a doctor is able to build a trustworthy relationship. By being able to actively listen to their patients, doctors are likely to give better diagnoses and, more importantly, to change those perspectives that traditionally relied only on symptoms, without necessarily paying too much attention to the patient as an individual. Developing active listening skills, doctors will be able to understand more about their patients as they will be able to understand them in their whole context, be it cultural, social, economic or emotional. The quality of the doctor’s ability to listen will determine the whole shape of the doctor-patient interaction.

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PSYCHOEMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS OF PATIENTS WHO SELF-REFER TO THE URGENT RECEPTION UNIT

Author(s): Veronica Calancea,Anastasia Rusu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 37/2024

The disease represents for the body an aggression with important psychological consequences. On a psychological level, the individual realizes the disease as an aggression, as a stress, as a state of insecurity or disaster. Prior fear is the main element that gives rise to the reaction to stress and, above all, to the affective consequences after the acute period of stress has passed. What is essential in illness is the "anxiety of the moment", the possibility of new complications, the threat of new suffering and even destruction.

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W kierunku ergonomii widzenia

Author(s): Mateusz Leszkowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

Active vision is essential for understanding visual content, with particular emphasis on materials and media designed specifically for understanding the world. Contemporary texts and media messages are becoming clearly atomized, divided into smaller fragments and are becoming strongly related to the graphic form. The article will discuss several graphic treatments that direct the recipient’s attention and facilitate visual thinking.

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Three Ways to Read Dąbrowski’s Theory. It Is Not All Flat Here. Constructing a Neo-Dąbrowskian Approach

Author(s): Dominik Chojnowski / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

This article analyzes Dąbrowski’s theory of positive disintegration referring to current debates in the USA which discussed certain parts of the theory (e.g. overexcitabilities) and neglected others (e.g. dynamisms). This approach caused simplification of the theoretical framework proposed by Dąbrowski and inscribed it into the narrow quantitative understanding of science. Lastly, Piechowski proposed to significantly modify Dąbrowski’s theory and to even discard the two lowest levels of development in theory. This caused a reaction by Tillier and Mendaglio who tried to defend the original concepts of the author of the theory. This article juxtaposed these two interpretations of the theory and shows a third possible interpretation based on English and Polish texts written by Dąbrowski. This interpretation solved problems present in the previously mentioned approaches to the theory and shows the way forward into more systematized theoretical research which is seriously needed if we want to further develop theory and its main notions.

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COVID-19 Fear and Psychological Distress: Mediator and Moderator Effects of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies

Author(s): Ezgi Tuna,Haticenur Koçak,Senanur Sayınta,Başak Gürül / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a worldwide threat to individuals’ physical and psychological well-being. Empirical studies show that fear and anxiety are among the most common reactions to the pandemic. There is evidence that fear of COVID-19 (FCV) may contribute to elevated levels of psychological distress and if not regulated effectively, it might create a vulnerability for the initiation of psychological problems. The purpose of the current study was to explore the mediator and moderator role of cognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies in the relationship between FCV and psychological distress. Data was collected from 587 Turkish adults (Mage = 37, SD = 15.25) via online self-report questionnaires on FCV, CER strategies, and measures of psychological distress. We tested a multiple mediation model predicting psychological distress from FCV with CER strategies as mediators. The model was significant and among the CER strategies acceptance, rumination, catastrophizing, and blaming others partially mediated the association between FCV and psychological distress. The moderator role of acceptance was also significant, indicating a stronger relationship between FCV and psychological distress among those with more frequent use of acceptance as a CER strategy. Our findings indicate that the use of CER strategies plays a role in the link between FCV and the level of psychological distress. Targeting the use of less adaptive strategies might be an effective way to improve psychological well-being during the pandemic.

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TİPOGRAFİDE DENEY, OYUN VE TASARIM İLİŞKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ: TİPOGRAFİK OYUNCAKLAR

Author(s): Pembe Aktürk / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 111/2023

Typography is an essential part of our lives; ıts meaning and sphere of influence expand with the development of technology, communication and perception styles. Typography is an art that includes technical and aesthetic arrangements regarding writing and its arrangement. Today, various experiments are carried out to capture diversity in typography, increase the typographic effect, surprise/impress/entertain the consumer, and these experiments serve as a guide for designers, academicians, students and interested parties working in the field of typography. This research examines the relationship between experimentation, design and play in the field of typography through examples selected within the scope of the study. Emphasizing that experimental designs made in the field of typography are similar to the concept of play, which is a form of creative action, it illuminates the subject through typographic examples inspired by plays or transformed into plays. The document review model, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. As a result of the research, it was seen that the field of typography is a rich and potential field, and when the act of play and typography discipline are combined, creative, entertaining, educational plays and toys can emerge. It is thought that the typographic plays and toys examined within the scope of the research have a stimulating quality in terms of what can be produced in the field of typography and can be a source of inspiration for studies to be carried out in the field of typography.

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Využití přístupu zaměřeného na řešení v párové psychoterapii

Author(s): Leoš Zatloukal / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

Couple psychotherapy is a distinct and developing field of psychotherapy. In this text, attention is given to one approach to psychotherapeutic work with couples, namely the solution-focused approach. The aim of the text is to introduce the solution-focused approach and the possibilities of its practical application in the context of couple psychotherapy. In the first part of the text the principles of the chosen approach and the basic methods that can be used in couple psychotherapy are presented. At the core of the text are two areas that are particularly relevant to working with couples using the solution-focused approach and that also present some challenges for psychotherapists using the solution-focused approach in couple psychotherapy. The first of these areas is how to integrate the partners' perspectives in the therapy session so that they can be heard, accepted, and further developed in conversation in a useful way. The second area, which receives more detailed attention in this text, is the negotiation of preferred futures (i.e., ideas of desired change) with partners. It describes how to develop a shared description of preferred future with partners and how to work in situations where partners' ideas about preferred futures are different or even contradictory. The text is supplemented with examples from the author's practice as well as illustrative examples.

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Párová terapie a deprese

Author(s): Aleš Neusar / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

This article focuses on couple therapy when addressing depression. The initial part of the text centers on the impact of relationships on depression. Troubled intimate relationships can act as a causal factor in the onset and even chronicity of depression. The second part describes the circumstances in which couple therapy for depression may be advantageous or even superior to individual psychotherapy. This is particularly relevant when depression is intertwined with negative relational dynamics and mutual interactions between partners, a relatively common occurrence. Nevertheless, couple therapy can also prove beneficial in healthy partnerships. Possible risks or contraindications for couple therapy in cases of depression are also discussed, such as when it fails to challenge the discourse that it is “solely about depression”. The third section delves into couple therapy for depression, primarily from the perspective of narrative psychotherapy. Throughout the text, the author not only cites the works of other authors but also draws from personal experiences with couples grappling with depression and insights gained from interviews with fellow professionals in the field.

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Online párová terapie

Author(s): Petra Prest,Pavel Rataj / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The article discusses the evolution and challenges of online couple therapy, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially uncommon, online therapy became a necessity during the pandemic, revealing both its potential and limitations. The authors, experienced therapists, share insights from their practice, emphasizing the need for specific competencies and flexibility in online settings. They highlight the importance of technical aspects, such as reliable internet connections and privacy, as well as maintaining a therapeutic relationship. The article also explores the unique dynamics of online couple therapy, including the impact of physical separation and the need for creative interventions. The authors argue that online therapy can be effective, provided therapists adapt their techniques to the medium. They also discuss the importance of addressing emotional safety and the potential benefits of using visual aids and creative techniques. The article concludes by considering the suitability of online therapy for different client groups, noting that flexibility and creativity are crucial for success.

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The real physical world and the virtual mental world

Author(s): Makudan CR,Chella Kamarajan / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

Development of a functional systems within the body, which enables differentiation and recognition of signals received by specialized body organs, and development of signals for identification and differential expressions of the signals and their various sources of origin, creation and maintenance of these signals and the associated meanings in verbal and nonverbal modes of expression, and their internal as well as external utilization, verbally as thoughts and symbols or sensory imageries, helped generation of a functional system, which we have been calling the ‘mind’. Mind becomes the method of verbalization and accounting for the principles of temporal and spatial relationships detected either personally by the body or using specially designed external objects or sources received over space and time within the universe, and within the body as experiences. Each person could create a mental account of the sensory-motor experiences and their expected or anticipated effects, and verbally and symbolically encode an account of the relationships within. Additionally, the mind learns special ability to present the tonal quality of their expressions in a manner, which came to be identified as musical expressions, and which have become vocally and instrumentally played musical notes. Mind is the method developed within the system for the expressions of the verbally as well as materially created expressions, which need to be internally developed , as well as externally created and assembled methods, representing the real as well as imaginary world, where the virtual world, mentally created for representing the real relationships, as experienced by the body and internally represented or encoded by using various expressive methods, which are often more complex than the real world they had earlier contacted and acquired through their encoding.

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Recognition of happiness from subjective, psychological and neuroimaging points of view

Author(s): Hiroshi Bando / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The goal of the medical practice and medical research may include the happiness and health of body and soul. The phrase “happy people live longer” has been known. Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) can be used for the study for feeling of happiness. By functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMR), anterior right wedge region of the brain (precuneus) may be important for feeing happiness. Both of effective and functional connectivity of the right precuneus were positively associated with SHS scores. Consequently, happiness may be involved in SHS, structural neuroimaging, neurological study, positive psychological interventions, and so on.

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