ПОСЛЕ ЖЕНЕТА: ФОКАЛИЗАЦИЈА У ОЧИМА ПОСТКЛАСИЧНЕ НАРАТОЛОГИЈЕ

Author(s): Jelena V. Vulović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2015

The focus of the work lies in the problem of focalization in classical and postclassical narratology studies that open a wide area for interpretation literary texts. Genette, the father of focalization in the structuralist phase of narratology, is nowadays not nearly satisfactory for the laying of foundations. Discussion with M. Bal, S. Rimmon-Kenan, M. Jahn and defence from their attacks illustrates the ground of Genette’s research in the best way. On the other hand, the late postclassical studies, especially from the cognitive phase, have greatly shaken the basis of this text-centred theory, which is quite visible in the survey of studies by D. Herman, A. Palmer, B. Richardson and M. Jahn. Serbian academic community, apart from a small number of researchers, seems to be completely rejecting this approach and perceiving it as definitely extinct and old-fashioned after the perception of structuralist narratology shortcomings. The aim of this paper is to show that, through the prism of focalization, narratology - supplemented, corrected, “brought back to life” by cognitive research - is, quite justifiably, back in the focus of literature researchers.

Потребители и зрители в эру глобализации: негативные и позитивные эффекты медиа процесса

Author(s): Tatiana Smolina / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The exploration of the interaction between media and audiences is the main focus of this article. In order to narrow down the topic, the impact of television on young viewers was investigated by means of the interpretations of studies conducted by television researchers. This article argues that media in general and television in particular is a specific form of dialogue that can produce not only negative effects (e.g. aggressive and violent behavior) but positive effects as well. The media is deeply embedded in the fabric of modern society’s culture in the Globalization era and television presents the potential source of a child’s information and learning experience about the world.

ПРАВОСВІДОМІСТЬ ЯК ДЖЕРЕЛО ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРАВОВИХ СМИСЛІВ (ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ)

Author(s): I. I. Kovalenko,O. S. Lozova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2017

The article uses the logic of phenomenological procedures. It involves the intentional analysis that allows you to explore the mechanism of occurrence of the phenomenon in consciousness. Intentional structures are implemented as structures of education make sense. The legal sense is understood as the intention of legal consciousness, as self-contradictory mental education. The article makes the assumption that the meaning of law is recognized their existence in law, which is the result of mapping different types of understanding of law and establishing the differences between them. It is shown that legal consciousness is always mediates social reality and provides all contact with her. Phenomenology allows to determine the legal consciousness as the essential characteristic of an entity, and specific mental process. In the article, intentional analysis and eidetic considered in constitutive aspects. The eidetic aspect allows to identify typical structure and describe the essential connection between them. The constitutive aspect is the establishment of sense of object, conditions of its formation and interpretation. The perception mechanism by legal consciousness of the facts of legal reality (a passive institutionalization) is shown in article; the producing new meanings (an active institutionalization) is defined; results of an institutionalization of the right as products of passive and active synthesis of legal consciousness are described. The analysis of konstitutivny activity of legal consciousness in two horizons – external and internal is carried out. The temporalnost as feature of synthetic activity of legal consciousness is considered. Communication of a temporalnost and intersubjektivnost is shown. Efficiency of the idea of a temporalnost of legal consciousness in theoretical and practical aspects is shown. Various products of active synthesis of legal consciousness in the ratio with results of passive synthesis are considered. The conclusion is drawn that the intentsionalny analysis and a phenomenological reduction give a new foreshortening of the description of the legal phenomena and allow to define legal life as process of transformation of earlier known legal meanings. It is suggested that legal life is constituted, generated by sense of justice from own bases, but isn’t defined by external factors.

Прагматичка схватања критичког мишљења: Могућности и ограничења

Author(s): Jelena Pešić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2009

In this paper we analyze the pragmatic conceptions of critical thinking, that conceptualize it as an efficient problem solving or effective thinking. Three central thesis of this approach are explored, as its innovative contribution in defining the nature and constitutive elements of critical thinking. The first thesis refers to the instrumental role of critical thinking in achieving academic and practical aims. The second thesis deals with constitutive role of scientific method, as a basic tool in gaining the reliable and reasonable knowledge. The third thesis stresses the importance of the subject domain knowledge and problem solving strategies in critical thinking. By scrutinizing these theses, we question whether critical thinking can be justified only by the concept of instrumental rationality. We argue that critical thinking, although of great instrumental value, cannot be only instrumentally justified, due to the fact that it is not always useful or even consistent with some basic principles of our cognitive functioning, as well as that it cannot be adequately conceptualized without its value dimension and emancipatory rationality.

Практики на домување кај лицата со интелектуална попреченост: Служби за домување со поддршка во заедницата

Author(s): Vera Dimitrievska / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 6/2010

Over the course of the late 20th century the so-called “social model” (which views disability as the result of social barriers that prevent people with disabilities from participating into the society) arose. This model opposed the previously dominant “medical model” (in which disability is considered as an individual pathology) that had until then underpinned much of service provision for people with disabilities all around the world. Latterly the development of holistic models brought about a global understanding of disability, taking into consideration all dimensions. The development of international legislation on the rights of people with disabilities during the 1970s also accounts for this shift in paradigm from the medical to the social model of disability. Among those, the adoption by the UN General Assembly of the Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities in 1993, presented disability rights as an equal opportunity issue rather than a special needs issue. For South East European countries at various stages of an EU association or accession process, a key legal instrument is the Council of Europe Recommendation No. R (92) 6 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on a Coherent Policy for People with Disabilities. In terms of the financial perspective of these services, the results are shown in many reports for institutional care and community-based services. In all of them is noted there is no evidence, that model of community-based services is rather expensive than care in the institutions. Other studies, note the opposite meaning. Experience shows that simply closing institutions is not, in itself, enough to ensure the social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities. In order to achieve real inclusion, an efficient network of quality community-based services must be established, and service standards and monitoring systems must be developed.

Превод и интерпретация в обучението по български език и литература

Author(s): Vessela Elenkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Changing the focus in modern education from teaching knowledge to acquiring key competences requires the development of new, practically oriented, interactive methodological solutions. The article outlines theoretical perspectives for future investigation, based on the results from lessons carried out according to the Waldorf system of teaching – innovative for Bulgaria. They point to opportunities of developing interdisciplinary teaching in English, Bulgarian (Music, Visual Arts, Philosophy, Citizenship) through (literary) translation as a learning activity. Thus conditions could be created for going beyond a particular subject, hence for learning in the context of universal human themes. This could allow for the acquiring of basic life skills and the integrated development of key competences: literacy competence, multilingual competence, cultural awareness and expression competence, citizenship competence, including intercultural competence.

Представи за Аз-а в психодинамичните и трансперсонални теории за личността: сходства и различия

Author(s): Krasimira Yonkova,Steliyan Slavov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Since the birth of psychological science, the Self has been and remains a central phenomenon in the psychic sphere, becoming a fundamental element in the construction of the personality. Over time, many points of view of his understanding are found in the field of the various fundamental psychological theories. This article will examine some of the concepts of the Self in the context of the psychodynamic and transpersonal approaches to the study of the personality, looking for the similarities and differences between these two great approaches in psychological knowledge.

ПРЕМОСТУВАЊЕ НА ЈАЗОТ МЕЃУ ПРИРОДНИТЕ И ОПШТЕСТВЕНИТЕ НАУКИ

Author(s): Bobi Badarevski / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 25/2022

Despite the existence of unquestionable evidence of the success and benefits of neuroscience in explaining social phenomena through a new area of research known as social neuroscience, the social sciences show no particular interest in neuroscientific research into social phenomena. A possible solution for the conceptualization of the inter-disciplinary connection of neuroscience and social sciences is the analogy with the existence of two perspectives in social psychology: sociological social psychology and psychological social psychology.

Престъпленията от омраза като гранично действие.

Нормализация на девиантността

Author(s): Lyuba D. Spasova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 6/2019

The article analyzes the effects and distinctive aspects of hate crimes and their possible conceptualization as a boundary action. The dual boundary aspect of hate crimes – in terms of the boundaries within social hierarchies and the boundaries of societal norms – determines their distinguishing characteristics as well as their specificity as an intersection point in the dynamic interaction between structure and action. Determined by social rules and the hierarchies of social stratification, hate crime in turn transforms them: it transforms the rules by blurring the borders of norm, and the hierarchies, by solidifying the borders between groups and strata.

Преход между ранни и късна зрялост в средата на живота

Author(s): George A. Madzharov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2013

In the middle of the life (35-45) each person focuses changes from where one is going to where one has been. People become concerned about their accomplishments - whether they have fulfilled their dreams. Aspects suppressed in early adulthood are reassessed. People begin notice physical declines and feel no longer young. For some this brings reconfirmation, for others turmoil and changes in career, relationships, other activities. Levinson’s and Sheehy’s description of adult life cycle stages are the more solid explanations nowadays.

Приложение на драма методи в училище за справяне с проблемното поведение на „трудни деца“ поради разстройство от аутистичния спектър

Author(s): Angelina Hadzhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

School as a public institution plays a great role in shaping young people‘s personality, therefore it is important the best conditions for successful education and nurture to be created for all pupils no matter their individual characteristics. This scientific research aims to focus the attention towards a particular group of pupils, whose abilities and behavior are specific due to autistic spectrum disorder. The article suggests solutions these pupils to be included into the school system as well as for their successful education and therapy via application of drama-based methods and techniques. Different approaches for intervention through drama games and exercises, which can improve their communication skills, motivate them for active participation and support their social and emotional development are presented.

Принос в психологията на творчеството

120 години от рождението на Лев Семьонович Виготски

Author(s): Luben Dessev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

The classic of the Russian and the world’s psychology Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky (1896 – 1934) is represented as an author. The work is based on a study of his writings in Russian and Bulgarian language and highlights his contribution to the theoretical clarification of questions of creativity – a complex synergetic-system object with two subsystems: a productive-procedure (“activity”) subsystem and a personality-social subsystem.

Причудливите модификации на съзнанието

Author(s): Liuben Sivilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

Arguing with reference to magical techniques, the paper refutes the relational concept of consciousness.

ПРО ОСНОВНІ ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ У ТЛУМАЧЕННІ ЗМІСТУ ВЧЕННЯ К. С. СТАНІСЛАВСЬКОГО ПРО НАДЗАВДАННЯ

Author(s): Оlena Mykolayivna Moskalenko-Vysotska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2021

The purpose of the article is to examine in detail the features of the historical fate of K. S. Stanislavsky's doctrine of the supertask, which is considered the cornerstone of his system, and to find out the reasons for the tendentiously limited interpretation of the term ―supertask‖ in the research literature of the second half of the last century, which still remains unconsidered. The methodology of the research is the general logical method of cognition, which involves an analysis of the features of the historical era of the emergence of the doctrine of the super-task and specific measures for its dissemination among art workers. This method makes it possible to determine the causes of deformation of the defining term of the system of K. Stanislavsky. The method of comparison is also used as a cognitive operation, which makes it possible to clearly understand the primary content of the concept of "super task" and its differences from the interpretations of many other researchers of the theoretical heritage of K. S. Stanislavsky – those authors whose interpretation is based on the judgment about the similarity or difference of objects. Scientific novelty. An attempt is made to look at the fate of the Stanislavsky system as a whole and the doctrine of the super-task, in particular, from the standpoint of historical truth, in contrast to the standpoint of myth-making, which was characteristic of researchers of the Soviet era. The novelty also lies in the fact that for the first time in the theory of acting, an attempt was made to compare the true meaning put by the author of the system into the very term of the supertask itself, with the way it was interpreted by theoretical thought in the Soviet period in accordance with the ideological needs of the then society. Conclusions. As a result of a comparative analysis of the texts of K. Stanislavsky, dedicated to the disclosure of the content of the doctrine of the super-task with the formulations that tried to reveal its content in the period after the death of the author of the system, it becomes obvious that the true meaning of the doctrine has suffered a rather significant semantic deformation. This actualizes the need for a detailed and in-depth study of all the materials of his heritage, which are related to the disclosure of the content of the doctrine of the supertask, which will contribute to the further development of the system at the present stage.

Проблема виразності тіла (body) як джерела знакових кодів у когнітивній системі розпізнавання танцю

Author(s): Chilikina Natalia Aleksandrovna / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 23/2013

The problem of body’s expressiveness as a cultural substance in the cognition system of recognition of dancing motions (pedagogics and stage practice) is investigated.

ПРОБЛЕМА ДОСТОВЕРНОСТИ ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫХ МЕМУАРОВ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ КОНЦЕПЦИИ НЕЙРОФИЗИОЛОГИИ ПАМЯТИ

Author(s): Leah Efimovna Bushkanets / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

The works on literary chronology, which largely remains at the positions of positivism, have claimed until now that a memoirist should be trustworthy and try to avoid mistakes. The modern neurophysiological works are developing a new concept of memory, according to which memories are constantly “rewritten” by the brain, regardless of their author’s integrity. New methodological problems faced by the study of literature in this situation are considered in the paper.

ПРОБЛЕМА ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ

Author(s): Elena Railjan,Valerija Kalʹkina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3-4/2019

This article deals with the problem of formation and development of theintelligence in modern society. By analyzing the evolution of metadata in the scientificdatabases, the authors prove the importance of the development of spiritual, cultural andenvironmental intelligence in the higher education system; a connection is establishedbetween the structure of intellect and its dynamically developing functions. It is provedthat today it is necessary to focus on the development of new techniques that contributeto the formation of cultural, digital, environmental and spiritual intelligence. A newrelationship between capital and intellect is defined and a conceptual model of spiritualintelligence based on the prioritization of meta-cognitive knowledge is described.

Проблеми на професионалния избор при юноши в социален риск

Author(s): Daniela Tasevska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

Scientific research on the difficulties of young people in the period of adolescence. Discursive analysis focuses on those aspects of psychological and pedagogical support of teenagers on the verge of independent living.

Проблемът за пасивната синтеза у Хусерл

Author(s): Maya Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

Transcendental subjectivity becomes a problem for Husserl in relation to the egological consciousness. Genetic phenomenology must reveal the paradoxical nature of the time of consciousness, which is not equal to the consciousness of time. The answer is in the passive synthesis, shaping up the pre-reflexive, in the so-called “live present”, the flow of consciousness.

Проектно ориентирано обучение: смисъл, технология, ефекти

Author(s): Daniela Tasevska,Krasimira Yonkova,Elena Boradzhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2013

The following paper presents the problems of the project oriented training. The analysis is centered on the technology of the modern education strategy. Discussed are the following issues: strong and weak points of traditional education methods, the need to modernize them, the philosophy of the project oriented training and its application in universities by teaching students. Presented is the experimental design of research, carried out by the author team with students in psychology.