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Военни характеристики на Китай през ХХI век

Author(s): Erol Buyukliev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The article presents some basic military characteristics of China in the XXI century. This analysis outlines China’s military characteristics in the context of strategic rivalry with the United States of America. The conclusion summarizes China’s military capabilities, through which the Chinese political system demonstrates geopolitical superiority with the ambitions for global influence.

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Определяне на потребностите от материални ресурси за операции

Author(s): Ivaylo Ralev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The paper considers the importance and content of the activity of determining material resource for operations. Next, it outlines the specifics of this activity at each level of operational planning. Finally, the paper describes the main methods that can be used in determining material resource for operations and their advantages and disadvantages.

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Добри практики за управление на операционния риск във финтех сектора в епохата на дигитална трансформация

Author(s): Valentin Monchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The research focuses on best practices for operational risk management in the fintech sector in the context of digital transformation, highlighting the key importance of new technologies for increasing business agility and resilience, as well as the role of innovation in optimizing processes and reducing dependence on physical infrastructure. Four key areas of best practice are explored, and the resulting paper provides recommendations for improving business continuity and minimizing risk - implementing risk management technologies, strategic planning and preparation, effective incident response and disaster recovery.

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Uloga novinskog diskursa u legitimiziranju diskriminacije pokrivenih studentica u Turskoj: multimodalna analiza

Author(s): Mirsad Turanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2024

The paper analyses the Kemalist dailies’ presentation of veiled female students who protested the discrimination they faced when the hijab was banned at Turkish universities. Although such discrimination has since been quashed, the ideology that produced and legitimised it is still alive. The media, an important means of reproducing the Kemalist hegemony, relativised or legitimised discrimination against these students by discursively constructing them as a destructive force that threatened the secular or der. This construct is based on the Kemalist conception of modernisation, equated with secularisation, where “the limit of the expression of religion in Turkey is the skin of a citizen”. The analysed examples reinforce the construct by integrating multimodal elements, including the text itself, typographical elements, page layouts, and accompanying images and caricatures. The paper confirms the importance of analysing linguistic and other semiotic elements of discourse in the research of complex social phenomena like discrimination, hegemony, and ideology.

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Evaluating the Impact of Gamification on Learning Effectiveness in Technical Vocabulary Instruction

Author(s): Iwona Mokwa-Tarnowska,Viviana Tarnowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

With the rise of digital education, the integration of gamified elements has emerged as a potential strategy to enhance student engagement and comprehension in various academic disciplines. This study seeks to evaluate the impact of gamification on learning effectiveness in the domain of technical vocabulary instruction during an online course. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving data collection from students enrolled on an online technical vocabulary programme offered by the Language Centre at Gdansk University of Technology. A quantitative analysis of placement test scores, the frequency of using course material and final grades was conducted to understand their impact on learning outcomes, and data from surveys provided insights into students’ perceptions and experiences with gamified activities. The findings indicate that the incorporation of gamification positively influenced learning effectiveness during the online course. The participants demonstrated higher levels of motivation, active participation, and a deeper understanding of technical terminology achieved through gamified interactions. The study’s outcomes contribute to the growing body of research on gamification’s potential benefits in online learning environments, especially in the context of technical vocabulary instruction, and offer valuable implications for educators and course designers seeking innovative approaches to optimize learning experiences in virtual settings.

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Структурни предизвикателства в България пред приложимостта на теорията за ценностните полярности на демокрацията

Author(s): Venelin L. Stoychev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2024

The article presents the results of a pilot empirical study focused on the applicability in contemporary Bulgaria of William Benet’s polarities of democracy theory at organizations level. The pilot study compares three typologically different organizations – secondary schools, non-profit organizations and companies in the digital services sector. The results of the approbation of the approach of leverage of polar democratic values reveal that today in our country there are huge shortages of democratic practices introduced at organizations level. At the same time, the participants in the study simultaneously express: 1) a desire for more democratization of internal organizational life and 2) skepticism about the effectiveness and efficiency of democratic approaches to the management of the organizations they belong to. The paper provides arguments in support of the thesis that the “leverage of democracy values” approach is extremely relevant to the democratic development of the studied organizations, but that Benet’s five pairs of democratic values are rather not recognized in the current Bulgarian socio-cultural context as relevant value poles, between which organizations oscillate constantly. The pilot survey comes to the conclusion that not so much the “conscious leverage of value poles”, but rather the empowerment of the members of the studied institutions, the competitive environment and the establishment of a system of mutual control and power balance are prerequisites for democratization of the typologically different organizations included in the research.

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Managing a Positive and Life-Skills Development in the School-Based Curricula: a Literature Review on the Sustainable Education

Author(s): Lindita Durmishi,Milena Filipova,Ardian Durmishi,Silva Ibrahimi / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2024

The current paper aims to give a comprehensive exploration of the Life Skills resources and sustainable development and the effectiveness of programs in the general development and positive identity of students in the Albanian educational system. The method used for this study is qualitative with a focus on literature review. Qualitative results revealed that increasing a positive development profile for students in schools impacts decision-making, effective development of interpersonal relations, self-awareness, and emotional management in a life-long education process. The current literature review analysis made us reflect that social support, social competencies, positive identity, and empowerment are the assets with the most specific weight and the highest clinical significance as a form of students’ positive development profile to be considered in future school curricula.

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Application of the Competency Model in Business Administration Higher Education in Horizon 2030

Author(s): Nadia Mironova,Tatyana Kicheva,Miglena Angelova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2024

The aim of the article is to establish the extent to which the education in Business Administration at the University of National and World Economy helps to acquire the main key competencies included in the European Qualification Framework. In achieving this goal we first analyze the qualification characteristics of the curricula to determine the extent to which the key competencies from the Framework are included in the educational program. Secondly we analyze the curricula of specialized disciplines for Business Administration in order to determine which of the disciplines included in the curriculum, the acquisition of which competencies contribute. Thirdly we analyze the expert opinions of business representatives on the most important competencies that graduates must have for future. Finally, we conduct personal interviews with lecturers about their approaches to help students acquire key competencies, necessary for their realization. Our results show that UNWE provides good level of relevance with the European Qualification Framework, but in line of horizon 2030 there are three major areas as a trend in the development of Business Administration: Human Resources; Information technology and Innovations.

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Verbal Aggression as a Product of the Minimized or Missing Functions of Social Intelligence

Author(s): Yavor V. Georgiev,Vesela Mareva / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2024

This article aims to present conclusions from an analysis of issues surrounding verbal aggression, particularly in cases where social intelligence is lacking among young individuals. The counterproductiveness of an expanding verbal field saturated with verbal aggression undermines the socio-legal framework of society, negatively impacting not only educational attainment but also the lexical background. Verbal aggression fosters interpersonal conflicts, prompting the authors to conduct a survey to investigate this phenomenon. An anonymous survey was conducted among 100 young people aged 15 to 29 regarding their views on verbal aggression. One of the main conclusions drawn from the conducted survey is the necessity for Bulgaria’s educational model and broader social environment to activate new approaches and teaching methods aimed at enhancing social intelligence, thus mitigating verbal aggression.

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Digital Discrimination Risks in the Transformation of Higher Education

Author(s): Silviya Beloeva,Nataliya Venelinova / Language(s): English Issue: 5s/2024

Digital discrimination is a form of discrimination that occurs in a digital environment or through the application of automated solutions, often based on artificial intelligence, which creates conditions for unfair, unethical, or simply different treatment based on selected data on certain feature. In conditions of the digital transformation of higher education, multiculturalism, and globalization, higher education institutions face the challenge of ensuring equity and equal treatment for all staff and students in both traditional and digital environments. Тhis report examines the potential for the emergence of digital discrimination in applying various digital educational approaches and forms in higher education, commenting on the need to prepare plans and programs to prevent digital discrimination in an academic environment.

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Оценяване въздействието на традиционния и модулния модел на обучение в професионалното образование по софтуерно инженерство

Author(s): Milena Damesova,Desislava Baeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5s/2024

The traditional approach to modern software engineering training often emphasizes theoretical knowledge and practical skills within the context of long-term courses, some lasting up to 2 academic terms. However, in recent years, the modular approach has been gaining popularity. This approach offers a more flexible and focused structure, typically lasting only about 2 months, allowing learners to concentrate on specific topics and skills. Тhis paper presented а pedagogical experiment, the analysis of which confirms that the study subjects taught using the modular approach statistically achieved significantly higher scores in the areas of programming, software architecture and software testing compared to students taught using the traditional approach.

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Изграждане на компетенции за разработване на STEM обучителни ресурси у бъдещи учители по природни науки

Author(s): Evgenia Goranova,Angel Smrikarov,Valentina Voynokhovska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5s/2024

The article presents an approach to building pedagogical and digital competencies for developing STEM resources in future teachers from the Pedagogy of Physics and Informatics and Pedagogy of Mathematics and Informatics degree courses. It was provoked by the need for future teachers to be familiar with the concept of STEM education and to be prepared to create STEM resources and lessons already in their higher education. For this purpose, students must synergistically apply the acquired competences from studying natural and pedagogical disciplines. An idea to digitize a physical experiment is considered, taking a research approach to the creation of such resources. Through the students' participation in building such a resource, their creative activity is stimulated. Their competences for generating and realizing STEM ideas in their upcoming professional realization are formed.

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Perspectives on Teaching International Law and Academic Freedom in the Shadow of Primakov’s Legacy

Author(s): Vesna Poposka / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

In an era marked by global deceit, the teaching of international law is more crucial than ever to safeguard the world and humanity. Following the escalation of conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, widespread skepticism about the relevance of international law has emerged. The primary research problem addresses how geopolitical disturbances may distort students’ motivation and understanding of international law and its practical application. Geopolitical conflicts and power struggles, influenced by the legacy of Yevgeny Primakov, shape the interpretation and enforcement of international law while also threatening academic freedom. This article aims to propose a solution by advocating for a shift toward the Humboldtian educational model, utilizing a complex methodology and an interplay of variables primarily framed as socio-legal research.

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Система за управление на мирновременното специално производство в България през 1951 – 1990 година

Author(s): Dimitar Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2025

The publication is the first on the topic in Bulgaria and gives an overview of the management system of peacetime special production in Bulgaria during 1951 – 1990, includes: special management of the State Planning Commission and its successors as a working body of the Bulgarian representation in the Permanent Committee on Defence Industry of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance and responsible for planning the special production in Bulgaria; Departments and sector for defense production in the apparatus of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party; Military-Industrial Commission of the Council of Ministers and its successor Party-Government Committee on Defence Industry of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party and the Council of Ministers; headed by the State Committee of Defence, responsible for strategic direction of defence in Bulgaria. The archive documents show the tasks and links between its units, which have helped for two decades to turn the country from an absolute importer of weapons and military equipment into an exporter of such, as well as well as for the multiple increase of the ammunition produced.

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Бойни действия в градски условия въз основа на опита от войната в Украйна и новите указания на руските въоръжени сили

Author(s): Andrey Mihaylov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2025

Military and political realities in Europe indicate that urban warfare in cities of various sizes will take a much more important place in future military conflicts, and for the war in Ukraine this can be considered practically determined based on the lessons of the last year. The 2022 Met hodological Guidelines on the Specifics of Urban Warfare of the Russian Armed Forces have been used as the basis for this analysis. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the weaknesses and strengths of Russian formations in urban warfare and to determine some future trends.

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Публично-частното партньорство – старата нова парадигма в управлението на публичните ресурси

Author(s): Zhivko Lavchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2025

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) has established itself as a governance paradigm whose conceptual evolution and implementation reflect the transformations in socio-economic relations and the distribution of public resources. Within the context of the present research, the role of PPP is examined as a mechanism for generating sustainable economic development through synergistic interaction between governmental institutions and the private sector. The research focuses on identifying challenges in risk management, innovation integration, and achieving equilibrium between private and public interests. The study shows that PPP goes beyond the limits of normal contract models; it works as a complicated governance system that has long lasting effects on social and economic structures. The results show that how well these partnerships work depends on how well they can adapt to different situations and change with the needs of the global economy.

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Състояние и подходи за усъвършенстване на снабдяването и поддръжката на бойни припаси в Българската армия

Author(s): Marin Glushev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2025

The article presents the results of the study of the organization of the supply and maintenance of the combat ammunition in the Bulgarian Army, based on a methodology developed specifically for the needs of the study. The paper presents an analysis of the current state of the subsystems for supply and maintenance of ammunition as part of the logistics system of the Bulgarian Army. The existing problematic issues are revealed and, on this basis, justified proposals for their solution are formulated and the directions for the improvement of the logistic support system are outlined.

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Пиратството и въоръжените грабежи на море като предизвикателство за морската сигурност

Author(s): Valentin Velkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2025

The article presents the importance of maritime transport for the world economy and the need to ensure the safety of ships and cargo during their passage by sea. An analysis has been made of the basic principles and norms that relate to piracy and attacks on ships at sea. The main part of normative documents and rules that relate to the security and safety of ships is presented. As a result, some specific points are indicated which are not covered by these documents and which limit the use of armed forces against pirate attacks.

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Нови реалности и предизвикателства пред логистичното осигуряване в НАТО

Author(s): Dimitar Kirilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2025

The report examines the current perceptions and issues facing the organization and implementation of coalition forces’ logistic support in a dynamically changing security environment and the measures taken by NATO.

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Използване на автономни безпилотни летателни апарати за подобряване на безопасността и ефективността в обекти от критичната инфраструктура

Author(s): Grigor Bambekov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2025

Autonomous drones are emerging as a key optimization tool in the oil and gas industry, which is under pressure to improve safety and efficiency while minimizing costs. Equipped with advanced technologies such as OGI and FLIR, these drones automate tank inspections, cutting processing times from hours to minutes and eliminating risks to personnel. Example from 2022 shows that they have identified over 180 anomalies with over 99% accuracy, saving significant money and increasing productivity. Integrating them into critical infrastructure not only optimizes operational costs, but also contributes to resilience, better risk management and increased inspection frequency.

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