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Development of a Common Information System to Create a Digital Career Center Together with Partner Higher Schools

Author(s): Yordanka Angelova,Rossen Radonov,Vasil Kuzmov,Stela Zhorzh Derelieva-Konstantinova / Language(s): English Issue: 6s/2023

The purpose of the report presented by the authors is to present a methodical development of a software product and the sequence of its implementation to create a common information system of career centers in Technical University of Sofia and the partner organizations. In fulfillment of the contract BG05M2OP001-2.016-0008-С02 “Innovations, Science and Education for high quality and compliance with the labor market” at the Technical University of Sofia and Partnership (INNOTECH PRO), the goal is to create a single Digital Career Center (DCC), to create a single network by upgrading and modernizing the electronic platforms used so far by the partner higher schools.Through career counseling and guidance and the creation of a Digital Career Exchange (DCE) to give students, graduates, alumni and doctoral students more detailed information and opportunities to find the right job position for each.

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Преговори за контрол на стратегическите въоръжения през първото десетилетие след края на Студената война

Author(s): Angel Apostolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

Abstract. This scholarly article examines the problems ahead of the effective control of strategic armaments that have arisen in the first decade after the end of the Cold War. The collapse of the USSR left huge nuclear arsenals on the territory of four newly independent states. The US and the Russian Federation faced the challenge not only to convince Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan to voluntarily hand over to the Russian Federation the remaining nuclear weapons on their territory, but also to continue the complex negotiations between them to negotiate and ratify new treaties reducing their nuclear arsenals. In addition to the three planned START Treaties, the fate of the ABM Treaty become another contentious issue in the negotiations between the US and the Russian Federation. Despite these difficulties, strategic arms control became the least controversial aspect of NATO–Russia relations and one with the greatest potential for cooperation.

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Digital Transformation: The Key to Implementing the Concept of Multifield Operations

Author(s): Silviu-Iulian GIMIGA,Cristian STANCIU / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

NATO has modernized for a new era of collective defense by introducing a new concept of multi-domain operations. Digital transformation underpins the implementation of the multi-domain operations concept that encompasses the five domains of land, air, naval, cyber, and space. The combination of existing or anticipated technology and operational concepts will decisively influence success in future operations. Emerging technologies offer prospects for the future development of incredible discoveries, creating renewable things, and transforming hard activities into bearable and even more sustainable ones. Whether artificial intelligence will replace human intelligence in the future, we cannot answer today, but we are sure that we do not want this substitute. Humans do not have the capacity to store all knowledge, but with the help of artificial intelligence that has sensors around it and things it already knows, it can produce spectacular performances.

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Влияние на концепцията за споделената стойност върху икономическата сигурност на корпорацията

Author(s): Vanya Kuneva-Minkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The concept of shared value and its social component in relation to the individual, groups of people and whole communities is presented as a basic prerequisite for increasing the level of economic security. It is emphasized that by emphasizing the expansion of the social commitments of corporations through joint work with the public sector and governments, the shared value concept expands the perimeter of business, which is not just socially engaged and, in this context, socially adequate and obliged to make decisions that correspond to society’s values. In this sense, social responsibility is a new, higher degree of recognition of social obligations on the part of the corporation, which undoubtedly affects the increase of security, both at the micro- and macro-level.

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Българската народна армия в оценките на НАТО за Съветския блок, 1950 - 1953 г.

Author(s): Boyan Zhekov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1s/2024

In the period 1950 – 1953, NATO member countries and the People’s Republic of Bulgaria (NRB) were on the opposite sides of the Iron Curtain. As a result, the Bulgarian Armed Forces found a place in the Alliance’s estimates of the military potential of the Soviet bloc. Expectedly, the Bulgarian army was rarely an independent object of analysis in the NATO documents. More often the Bulgarian armed forces were considered within the framework of the overall findings regarding the military capabilities of the USSR’s satellites. Of course, it is not enough just to describe what information about the armed forces of NRB can be found in the materials of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization from the beginning of the 1950s. It is far more important to compare the estimates with other data concerning the Bulgarian army at that time.

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National Interests in the Context of Ensuring National Security

Author(s): Vugar Mammadzada Mahammadali,Eljan Ramiz / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

In the article, the essence and content of national interests are revealed, its classification is presented, and information is given about the factors influencing the formation of national interests. At the same time, an analysis of the category of national interests, the influence of national values on its understanding, and concepts such as public and national interests were considered. It analyzes the genesis of Azerbaijan’s national interests, the stages of its development, the effectiveness of the country’s leadership’s policy in the sphere of its protection. Along with that, the reasons and consequences of incorrect identification of the national interests of Armenia are shown.

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Сигурност на електроенергийната система в контекста на европейския енергиен преход

Author(s): Georgi Samandov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1s/2024

The report presents the results of a study of the forecast development of the electricity system (EES) of the Republic of Bulgaria and proposes measures to ensure its safe functioning. Scenarios with extreme maximum and minimum load of generating capacities are considered. The political commitments to the European Union concerning the „Green Deal“, the National Plan for Recovery and Sustainability, the transition to a low-carbon economy and the transformation of the energy sector have been taken into account.

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Чуждестранни военни продажби и директни търговски продажби като алтернативи и възможности за комбиниране при отбранителната аквизиция

Author(s): Desislava Yosifova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1s/2024

In this paper, attention is focused on the need to conduct a comprehensive comparative overview, and on that basis a comparison of the procurement of defence products/services from the US through the two main approaches perceived as alternatives (under the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) programme and the traditional manner using Direct Commercial Sales (DCS). Regarding acquisition under the FMS programme, its rules of functioning and administration have a deep impact on the management, spending, execution and budget reporting for both types of customers: at the level of customer countries and at the level of customer international organisations (e.g. relevant NATO entities performing such procurement). This is insofar as the rules imposing large periodic advance payments drive ‘inconsistencies’ throughout the process (up to the point of effective actual delivery of the assets from the US), in the direction of modifying the fundamental accrual principle into a modified cash basis. A major striving in this paper is to provide a structured view with appropriately selected criteria by which countries and international organizations that are potential commercial customers of the U.S. military industry can navigate in making a choice between the two alternatives for acquiring defence products/services.

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Актуалност и значение на Концепцията за център на тежестта в съвременното планиране и провеждане на операции на НАТО

Author(s): Dimo Savov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1s/2024

This scientific article aims to prove the effectiveness of the Center of Gravity (COG) concept within the framework of the modern NATO planning and conduct of operations, along with the need for its flexible application in the context of the nature of modern armed conflicts and the lessons learned from the history of modern armed conflicts. To achieve the objectives of the study, first of all, the definition and the essence of the concept will be considered. Subsequently, the issues surrounding the practical application of the Center of Gravity concept in a modern operational environment by military commands of NATO member states will be presented, proving the relative effectiveness of a specific methodology for determining the CT. To achieve the goals of the report, the Falklands War of 1982 will be examined through the prism of the concept and the chosen methodology. The credibility and quality of the analysis were achieved by the use of various and authoritative official sources, such as: books of a scientific nature, military doctrines, manuals and scientific reports related to the subject.

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Влияние на концепцията за евразийството върху еволюцията на турските геополитически идеи

Author(s): Mihail Peev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1s/2024

The report analyzes the main factors for the emergence and development of the concept of Eurasianism in the geopolitical space and ideological discourse of Turkey. For this purpose, publications reflecting the views of representatives of the Turkish political, academic and intellectual circles, in relation to Russia and the Turkic republics of Central Asia and the Caucasus, but also in relation to maritime policy and neighboring Greece and Cyprus, were analyzed. The main argument of the article in this regard is that the concepts of Eurasianism and Neo-Eurasianism have an impact on the formation of Turkey‘s geopolitical doctrines, as well as that to a certain extent they evolve and find development in Kemalist Eurasianism, Pan-Turkism and Neo-Ottomanism, the idea of the so-called Turkic World and the doctrines of “Strategic Depth” and “Blue Homeland”.

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Историческа география и полемология – взаимовръзки в теорията на международната сигурност

Author(s): Radoslav Bonev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1s/2024

Fundamental historical-geographical and political-geographical categories and concepts with methodological interrelationships in the description of polemology are presented. Through a propositional-logical connection in historical geography and polemology, the modern significance of the nation-state in the theory of international security is examined.

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Problems and Perspectives for Social Entrepreneurship in Higher Education

Author(s): Milena Filipova,Olha Prokopenko,Igor Matyushenko,Olena Khanova,Olga Shirobokova,Ardian Durmishi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This article examines the problem of social entrepreneurship education in higher education. Along with traditional entrepreneurs, it is of particular importance to create social entrepreneurs through collaboration between academia, social enterprises and business. The development of social entrepreneurship in higher education institutions in Bulgaria faces a number of problems, as well as prospects for its development. The purpose of this article is to identify the problems and outline the prospects for social entrepreneurship in higher education in Bulgaria. By undertaking the necessary activities in the direction of increasing social awareness, sustainability and social responsibility, universities can train socially oriented entrepreneurs to contribute their knowledge and abilities to the development and well-being of our country. The main research methods involved in the development are content analysis, method of analysis and synthesis, method of observation, intuitive and systematic approach.

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Creating Global Impact: The Transformative Potential of Higher Education in Nation Branding

Author(s): Krasimira S. Valcheva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In a highly competitive global landscape, higher education institutions are important drivers of knowledge creation and talent development as well as key stakeholders in shaping the branding efforts of nations. This article explores the dynamic relationship between institutional and nation branding initiatives, with a specific focus on the participation of higher education institutions and the necessity for coordinated strategies that fully leverage their potential to enhance a nation’s global reputation and competitiveness. By actively engaging higher education institutions as key partners in nation branding, countries could harness their significant competences and proficiency to shape the nation’s image, drive economic growth, and ultimately project soft power on the global stage. The article provides insights that could guide policymakers and university administrators in making informed decisions and shaping institutional actions to enhance a nation’s global reputation and competitiveness by fully harnessing the transformative potential of higher education institutions.

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Competitiveness as a Result of Creativity and Innovation

Author(s): Nikolay Krushkov,Ralitza Zayakova-Krushkova / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

The aim of this article is to highlight that critical thinking and creativity generate innovation that is at the core of long-term competitiveness. The creation of culture of critical thinking and creativity should start with the education system – in primary and secondary schools, then it should find its way in science and research activities of institutes and universities, and finally, it should be implemented at all business levels – with the purpose of achieving systemic innovation. It is only in the conditions of a strategic education-science-business synergy, in an environment of promoting critical thinking, creativity and innovation, that long-term competitiveness is possible, which can result in large-scale development of nations, societies and businesses. The achieved level of competitiveness should in its turn be protected against external and internal threats by introducing security measures that include the entire system of physical, technical, information and procedure security, while recognizing and protecting intellectual property and trade secrets. In terms of relevance and methodology, this article reviews existing significant challenges to innovation and competitiveness management; questions are proposed demanding further research in the field of regulations, as regards leading innovation in a global context. Conclusions are drawn about the need of strategic synergy of the priorities of state policies in the fields of science, education and business. It is stated that only coordinated long-term prioritization and planning in economy, science and education, which involves development of focused scientific research in priority sectors (industries) and creation of staff predominantly for these priority sectors of national business development, can ensure long-term competitiveness, sustainability and growth.

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Военното сътрудничество в интерес на постигането на целите на външната политика. Примерът Гърция – Израел

Author(s): Petar Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The article examines the development of political and military relations between the Republic of Greece and Israel, as an example of effective use of military cooperation in favor of achieving foreign policy goals.

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Геополитическото значение на Приднестровието в Европейската интеграция на Молдова

Author(s): Valeri Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The publication examines the current state of the so-called frozen conflict in Transnistria in the context of the Russian military actions in Ukraine; the positions of the external factors – Moldova, Romania, Russia, Ukraine; the importance of the conflict on the European integration process of Moldova; the possible influence of the ongoing geopolitical processes in the Moldovan state over the national security of Bulgaria.

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Подход за емпирично изследване, анализ и оценка на дейностите, извършвани от въоръжените сили

Author(s): Zhivko Yordanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The armed forces of a country, regardless of its organization and government, are always part of its national security system. Their participation in public relations develops and becomes more complicated simultaneously with the development and complication of public relations. The activities carried out by the armed forces are activities carried out in the intangible sphere, which significantly complicates their research, which necessitates the use of a specific research approach.

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Methodology for Effective Planning of Means of Destruction Located in the Cover and in the Stern for Various Types of Targets

Author(s): Arzuman Gardashkhan Gasanov,Yashar Shukur Karimov / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

In the article, the issue of effective planning of covert and open means of destruction against various types of tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, infantry groups, as well as aerial targets (helicopters, UAVs) flying from a height of up to 200 m, is solved for combat activities using the game theory method. The result shows that it is possible to select favourable options before deploying cover and open means of destruction against targets. This issue can be used before combat activities are planned.

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Структура и функции на „Работна група за информационни дейности“

Author(s): Vaklin Kirilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2s/2024

When integrating information operations into the process of operational-level planning in a joint format, the Information Activities Working Group plays a crucial role as part of the joint operations planning group. It has a structure that provides a high level of expertise and creates conditions for precise planning of information activities, both to achieve desired effects during the conduct of the operation and to support the planning process itself. The primary contribution resulting from its activities is the synergistic effect generated by integrating information activities into the planning process, as this enables their execution throughout the course of the operation.

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Гражданската отбрана – анахронизъм или екзистенциална потребност

Author(s): Dimo Ginev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2s/2024

In the context of the deteriorating and explosive security environment, an attempt is made to justify the usefulness of building an efficient system for civil defence, through which the stability of the population and the state can be guaranteed in crises and military-political conflicts. The tasks defined in the second Protocol additional to the Geneva conventions are examined and they are related to the specific responsibilities in the Republic of Bulgaria. Finally, additional current tasks are proposed and three approaches to building the system in the country are underlined.

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