Strukturalizam u arheologiji

Author(s): Aleksandar Palavestra / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Although, back in the 1970s, Edmund Leach threatened archaeology that he will 'poison' it with structuralism, his structuralist work did not have that far reaching impact on the changes of archaeological interpretative paradigms. The reason for that is ` on the one hand, structuralists' lack of in-terest in diachronic interpretation, and on the other, the concept of the universal structures of mind for which upco-ming poststructuralism did not have much interest. To be fair, there are some rather interesting structuralist interpretations in archaeology (even in the Serbian one) mostly based on the application of binary oppositions. However, in the broader context, structuralism, work of Levi-Strauss, and de Saussure linguistics in particular, enabled archaeolo-gists to understand material culture in a semiotic field - as a study of signs and contexts of meanings. In other words, objects in archaeology, under the influence of structuralism, have been seen as organised in the wider systems of signs (organised in binary oppositions, but not necessarily) with particular meanings. One of the problems of this semiotic, structural approach in archaeology is that it automatically equates material culture and language, which is highly pro-blematic, since meanings in material culture are rarely arbitrary in the way that it is the case in a linguistic relation between signifier and signified. Poststructuralism, theory of practices and poststructuralist critique of scientific positivism had much higher impact to archaeology, especially postprocessual one.

The Hidden Image of Obscene Gestures

Author(s): Veronika Azarova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

„Igazából nem tudjuk kihasználni a tudásunkat, tehát ez a piacgazdaság minket padlóra küldött”: Munkások és munkástudat a mai Magyarországon

Author(s): Eszter Bartha / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

INTERNET

Author(s): Amira Hasanović / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Prema definiciji koju možemo naći u Oksfordovom rječniku, internet predstavlja globalni informacioni sistem, logički povezan jedinstvenim sistemom adresiranja putem standardizovanih komunikacijskih protokola. Historijski posmatrano, ideja interneta je začeta kao strogo povjerljiv vladin projekat koji je prerastao svoje okvire i uvukao se u sve segmente modernog društva.

Underground and “under-the-ground” - The standpoints of the underground community in Czech society in the 1970s and 1980s and the specific values of the underground culture.

Author(s): Martin Machovec / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The terms “underground” and “under-the-ground” have not been clearly defined in Czech culture so far. Traditionally, “underground” comprises the community which emerged in the early 1970s around the rock band The Plastic People of the Universe. This community, which later became part of the Czech dissent and to a great extent merged with the community around Charter 77, was composed of poets, musicians, artists as well as philosophers, essayists and samizdat publishers of various focus and political orientation.

Happenings against totalitarianism - The Society for a Merrier Present in 1989

Author(s): Petr Blažek / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The American historian Padraic Kenney dubbed events in Central Europe in 1989 a “carnival of revolution”. In his absorbing book he explores the activities of the new opposition groupings that gradually took shape in the second half of the 1980s. The ideological battles of the previous generations were either alien or not a matter of concern to their founders, who for the most part were members of the young generation. They had no illusions about the chances of reforming the political regime into which they had been born. They were focused on public events, organising various demonstrations, hunger strikes, petitions and happenings. Some of these became legendary. Among them were the street events of the Society for a Merrier Present (Společnost za veselejší současnost), which emerged several months before the fall of the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia.

Identity in the Multicultural World

Author(s): Marek S. Szczepański,Anna Śliz / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Regional Identity in the Perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility – Sociological Considerations

Author(s): Małgorzata Suchacka,Grzegorz Gawron / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Identity after Death

Author(s): Barbara Lewicka / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Baudelaire’owska aksjologia w kontekście norwidowskim. Zbliżenie przez etykę?

Author(s): Magdalena Siwiec / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article confronts Baudelaire’s work with the perspective of Norwid’s writings through the issue of moral responsibility. The intermediary in this approach is Stanisław Brzozowski. The discussion over the (im)morality of „Les Fleurs du mal” and Norwid’s contemporary reception of Baudelaire’s writings leads to questions about the understanding of Catholicism in the era of secularization in both writers’ works, the place of evil in the world, loneliness, and the attitude to the source of transcendence. The author of the article argues that the axiological horizon disappears neither from Norwid’s works nor, in spite of appearances, from Baudelaire’s.

Mediji i kultura: Bošnjaci u globalnom reality showu

Author(s): Fahira Fejzić Čengić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

All this is important to connect to more easily conceived of what to do in meeting the Bosniak beings, Bosnian culture, Muslim aura and the Internet. The challenge is to be sure. How to be a citizen of the world (without identity) who successfully resists his inner identity where breathing (breath, spirit Absolute Launcher makes it breath, his spirit). This would cultures, because breathing (known and secret that the greatest gift with Guarded plates First Pen that breathes) could separate the culture of civilization, such as separating the spirit of technea. Recognize that in the meeting of man and machine is no innocent. Neither is possible only with the machine, either totally without it. Neil Postman is our time called TEHNOPOL - political system, the rule of technology and information that spread as a cultural AIDS, bombarding our immune system. Bosniaks is very important point to the global reality show. In addition to mandatory information diet, but also to still stay alive. And to recognize when this show becomes a ‘dark side’. An occasional resistance that can be achieved by learning. Socializing and talking among themselves. The most dangerous are the abundance of information that is available from the context that says Postman.

Obrazy nieoglądalne? Tabu choroby, niepełnosprawności i śmierci w komiksie

Author(s): Przemysław Pieniążek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author takes into consideration four subjectively chosen and unpublished in Poland graphic novels: „It’s a Bird” (2004), „The Spiral Cage” (2003), „Our Cancer Year” (1994) and „Mom’s Cancer” (2008). All of them, using similar dramaturgic strategies, become starting points for visually diversified stories. Each of them in a unique, innovative, and above all universal way rise an issue of overcoming taboo in public reflection on shame, suffering, fear and humiliation which can be results of disease, affliction, or physical disability.

Потрошња и идентитети у савременој Cрбији - Народне представе о богатству и сиромаштву

Author(s): Ildiko Erdei / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The paper gives a broad outline of propositions for a research of folk perceptions of wealth and poverty within the framework of a wider research program investigating goods consumption in contemporary Serbia. Its introductory part spotlights the history of research work related to consumerinsm , and the basic issues and concepts forming up the theoretic grounds for consumerism research in anthropology. Consumerism emerged as a separate subject of research in the late 1970s with the publication of “ The World of Goods”, a book by Mary Duglas and Baron Isherwood, and was further established as such through several important books published during the 1980s. The characteristic feature of anthropological approach to the research of consumerism is the emphasis on its social and cultural aspects, and an observation of the symbolic and expressive qualities of consumerism . The paper reviews the most important concepts in the formative period of consumption anthropology, particularly the theoretic questions raised by Mary Duglas, Arune Apaduran and Daniel Miller. This is followed by a brief survey of works and topics which would make up the domestic (Serbian) ethnology/anthropology of consumption. The second part explains the meaning and usage, both in this paper and in the whole body of research, o f the key notions: wealth, poverty, folk perceptions. The closing part of the paper identifies several issues ensuing from a brief field research o f the folk perceptions o f wealth and poverty in the neighborhood of Knjaževac during 2002, and suggests possible directions of further work. The fieldwork has shown that the investigation of prosperity, of material and symbolic wealth, of labor as value, of traditional forms of succession and of ways of acquiring new riches can reveal the cultural perceptions of Knjaževac area dwellers and serve as an indication o f the social and cultural changes that are currently under way.

Приступ етнолошком проучавању Cрба у Бањалуци крајем XIX и почетком XX века (1878-1918)

Author(s): Miroslav Niškanović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The subject-matter of this research work is the Serbian citizenry in Banjaluka at the end o f the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th cc., or, more exactly, the Serbs who were town inhabitants during the Austro-Hungarian rule of Bosnia-Hercegovina (1878-1918). The goal of the research work is to acquire an all-embracing insight into the existence and culture of the Serbs in Banjaluka and thereby supplement ethnologic understanding of the Serbian civil society of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the time of transition processes. The research focus is threefold: 1) The origin of families, the migratory movements, 2) The social structure of the Serb national community in Banjaluka, 3) The cultural structure in pursuance of two models: patriarchal and central-European. The research work has draw n on written sources (registers of births, marriages and deaths, land-property registers, legacies of individual families), verbal sources (evidence of Banjaluka Serbs), relevant literature, press, works of fiction, visual sources (photographs, portrait paintings).

Националне мањине у очима српске елите 1918–1941.

Author(s): Zoran Janjetović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with the picture of members of various peoples which would become national minorities in Yugoslavia after WWI: Albanians, Turks, Romanians, Vlachs, Magyars, Germans, Slovaks, Ruthenians and Jews. The author analyzes the works of the Serbian writers, historians and politicians who dealt with these nationalities, ascribing them various characteristics. He tries to establish continuities and discontinuities in the “picture of the others” before and after the creation of Yugoslavia and to explain why they came about. The Serbian authors saw Albanians and partly Hungarians too, as peoples with worst characteristics, ascribing to them at the same time predominantly Serb origin. Both were seen as latecomers. Albanians were seen as savages, and Magyars as a “patchwork of peoples”. The Romanians were above all credited with great assimilationist power, but were also labeled recent newcomers in Serbia and the Banat. So were Germans. They, together with Slovaks and Ruthenians were seen as hard working and thrifty, and therefore as an economic threat to Serbs. The Jews were usually depicted in the tradition of European Anti-Semitism, with an anti-Hungarian tinge, added after WWI. The animosity toward Turks cooled down already before WWI. Between the two world wars, they were even credited with some sympathetic traits – stemming from necessities of domestic and foreign policy.

THE SOCIAL ATTITUDES TOWARD MARGINAL GROUPS

Author(s): Jovana Radojević / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The positions of people are one of the characteristics which are subject to variations. Opinions and attitudes of people are subject to changes, more or less frequent, and under the influence of other groups of people, media, or some other means of information. The most interesting for me are the attitudes toward groups discriminated against, or groups of people in a marginal situation.

Културологичният модус на храната

Author(s): Tencho Derekyuvliev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The research observes the culturological image of food as a derivative of meanings that belong to the realms of Anthropology, Ethnology and Ethnography. The aspect of Bulgarian traditional culture interprets the ethnocultural significance as well as the functions of the concepts such as: ritual cuisine, feast, bread, traditional folklore wedding, meals and eating. Additionally, the research focuses on some semiotic characteristics of these concepts.

Savremena porodica i tradicija

Author(s): Merima Čamo / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Porodica kao jedna od najstarijih i najznačajnijih odgojnih snaga u društvu, koja uspješno i dosljedno obavlja reprodukciju ljudskog karaktera kakve zahtijeva društveni život, dugo je bila otok smiraja usred turbulencija izazvanih agensima socijalne dinamike. Kada o porodici promišljamo na kolokvijalnoj razini, nerijetko ovaj primarni model naše svakodnevnice koji živimo, u kojem učestvujemo, koji stvaramo i čiji smo ravnopravni članovi svodimo na općeprihvaćenu neophodnost, bezupitnost, samorazumljivost i sveprisutnost.

Odnos središta i periferije u oblikovanju književnoga kanona: hrvatsko-poljski književnopovijesni primjeri

Author(s): Tea Rogić Musa / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Using the examples from Romanticism and Moderna period, this paper will examine the opposition centre-periphery regarding the role of the ideology of pan-Slavic reciprocity in the field of Polish-Croatian literary ties. Next, we will describe the process of attribution within literary and cultural history in which a series of so-called great authors have arisen, and to which their communities (Polish and Croatian) attribute central aesthetic and ideological roles. Further, starting from the assumption that the Polish and Croatian cultural communities used their literary canon to legitimise their own artistic and social inclinations, we shall attempt to determine the universalistic characteristics that allowed the Polish literary canon to become a desirable alternative and a source of homogenizing poetics that enabled the aesthetic synchrony of Croatian literature with a European paradigm in two literary periods – Romanticism and its younger relative, Moderna.

Utjecaj interpretacija pojma periferijske umjetnosti Ljube Karamana i Miroslava Krleže na dalmatinsku povijesti umjetnosti

Author(s): Ivana Prijatelj Pavičić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Although the so-called „Vienna school“ practised an universalist approach to history of arts, their prominent acters like Alois Riegel and Max Dvořák influenced the nationalist ideas among the Central European art historians in the interwar period. An evident example of such an influence is Croatian art historian Ljubo Karaman (1886‒1971) ‒ a Vienna student who studied the art relations between center and periphery from early 1930s on. His thoughts on this topic were collected in his 1963 book Problemi periferijske umjetnosti. O djelovanju domaće sredine u umjetnosti hrvatskih krajeva (Problems of Peripheral Art. On Influence of Local Surrounding on the Art of the Croatian Areas). Colonial character of the Karaman’s definition of the center/periphery relation is clear in his notion that the dissemination and assimilation of the artistic styles is always one-way: from developed center to the province. His definition of „peripheral art“ appeared as a reaction to the works of famous „Vienna school“ scholars from early 20th century (particularly Polish-Austrian art historian Strzygowski). It is based on the idea of external, political and artistic influences in Dalmatia as external forces of artistic exchange. A prominent writer and encyclopaedist Miroslav Krleža turned upside-down the idea of the artistic transfer from the advanced West toward underdeveloped East/Balkans as a periphery at the edge of civilisation. In his discussion on the Second Congress of writers in Zagreb he promoted the idea of the periphery as a true center. During 1950s, Krleža strongly influenced the formation of a new cultural paradigm, and forging of the new scientific paradigm within art history in Croatia. In her paper, the author explores how texts of the Croatian art-history scholars regarding ancient Dalmatian art were influenced by Karaman’s and Krleža’s ideas and concepts on peripheral, provincial, and border-line art.