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ИГУМЕНИ НА БАЧКОВСКИЯ МАНАСТИР (ОПИТ ЗА ХРОНОЛОГИЯ)

Author(s): Teodor Peev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

Invariable parts of the Bаchkovo Monastery history are the clerics, who ruled the holy cloister through the years. These people are part of the surrounding region history also. The Monastery priority and connections have spread beyond the state borders. The Monastery government, spiritual life and its economic development have been а top priority for the Monastery council, who’s chairperson has been the abbot. Some of the abbot’s names have been lost in the dynamics of time, for others we do not have firm dаtаs. My attempt to make this chronological list turn out to be difficult. There will be added more names; years and dates will be corrected to all this that I have managed to collect and write. This theme will stay open in the future, and each addition or correction will be а contribution to this attempt for chronological list of the Bаchkovo Monastery abbots.

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ДАРИТЕЛСТВОТО ЗА УЧЕБНОТО ДЕЛО В САМОКОВ ПРЕЗ ВЪЗРАЖДАНЕТО

Author(s): Georgi Zahov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

In this article are examined the various charities that aided the Enlightenment in Samokov during the Bulgarian Revival. The better part of the funds can be attributed to Samokov Eparchy. There is a long list people and organizations that have given not only money but labor for the cause, which is left out from the article for the sake of simplicity. The peak of the generosity of the Bulgarian people is the creation Samokov School of Theology. It later evolves to the Seminary of Samokov after the liberation from the Turks in 1878, after that the good deeds of the people are continued for the years to come.

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„РАЗКАЗИ ЗА ДУНАВСКАТА ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИЯ“ РИБАРИТЕ КАТО ОБЩНОСТ С НАСЛЕДСТВО

Author(s): Nikolay Nenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

This text focuses on the research, observations and analyzes on the heritage of the fisheries communities along the Lower Danube, carried out with the implementation of the project “Memofish – Memory and Future. Stories about the Danube Civilization”, and in line with a number of strategic documents, focuses on the promotion of a Common Policy for Local Strategies that enables the sharing of cultural heritage. The heritage of fisheries communities in the Romania-Bulgaria crossborder area is a multifaceted topic because it focuses on ancient knowledge of nature and contemporary skills. It applies both to the mysteries 260 of a craft that disappears and to the techniques of preserving the river world. The heritage of fishing groups is little known outside their settlements even to researchers. Therefore, it is not known to contemporaries who seldom can take advantage of it to provide new jobs and income through alternative forms of tourism, or do not assume how to protect it effectively and develop sustainably. The Danube fisheries communities are recognized in this study as a specific model of groups, united by a common conception of the value of an element of the past, which is nowadays important for the distinguishable of these groups and their existence, since cultural heritage be in the focus of knowledge. Conservation and socialization activities are increasingly seen as a collective process in which local communities play an important role. Awareness of the value of heritage is a key component in creating a community that reflects on the processes of socialization and demonstrates the effectiveness of interaction between the community and heritage, since the binding elements are not political but cultural. This also demonstrates the ability to implement an integrated approach to managing cultural heritage through trust in the capabilities of communities.This text focuses on the research, observations and analyzes on the heritage of the fisheries communities along the Lower Danube, carried out with the implementation of the project “Memofish – Memory and Future. Stories about the Danube Civilization”, and in line with a number of strategic documents, focuses on the promotion of a Common Policy for Local Strategies that enables the sharing of cultural heritage. The heritage of fisheries communities in the Romania-Bulgaria crossborder area is a multifaceted topic because it focuses on ancient knowledge of nature and contemporary skills. It applies both to the mysteries 260 of a craft that disappears and to the techniques of preserving the river world. The heritage of fishing groups is little known outside their settlements even to researchers. Therefore, it is not known to contemporaries who seldom can take advantage of it to provide new jobs and income through alternative forms of tourism, or do not assume how to protect it effectively and develop sustainably. The Danube fisheries communities are recognized in this study as a specific model of groups, united by a common conception of the value of an element of the past, which is nowadays important for the distinguishable of these groups and their existence, since cultural heritage be in the focus of knowledge. Conservation and socialization activities are increasingly seen as a collective process in which local communities play an important role. Awareness of the value of heritage is a key component in creating a community that reflects on the processes of socialization and demonstrates the effectiveness of interaction between the community and heritage, since the binding elements are not political but cultural. This also demonstrates the ability to implement an integrated approach to managing cultural heritage through trust in the capabilities of communities.

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ПЕСЕНТА ЗА ЦАР ИВАН ШИШМАН: ОПИТ ЗА КОНТЕКСТУАЛИЗИРАНЕ

Author(s): Veselka Toncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

The text presents various publications and records of the song of the King Ivan Shishman in an attempt to contextualize it as origination and use. A possible hypothesis is the dating of the song in time immediately after the fall of Bulgaria under Ottoman rule as a reflection of real historical events. However, the song was especially popular during the Renaissance with urban melody and most probably it was the time that the name of the last Bulgarian king was added to the text in the context of constructing our national identity in the second half of the 19th century.

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ЕЗОПОВАТА ТРАДИЦИЯ

Author(s): Yana Sivilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

The text analyses several phraseological units which originated from Aesopian fables. The mythical figure of their author and the specific characteristics of the fable as a genre in Antiquity are also discussed. Although many phrasemes ascribed to Aesop are widely used in modern languages many of them have a long history, thus linking the European culture with the tradition of Ancient East.

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КЛИМАТИЧНО РАЙОНИРАНЕ НА БЪЛГАРИЯ И ДИАЛЕКТНАТА ДЕЛИТБА НА БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ЕЗИК

Author(s): Vladimir Vlaskov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

At the end of 2014 the first interactive map of the dialect of the Bulgarian language was published in the Department of Dialectology and 394 Linguistic Geography of the Institute of Bulgarian Language – BAS. In our research on the common characteristics of climatic peculiarities for the different parts of the country we have come across an interesting territorial comparability between the dialectic divide and the climatic regions and regions of Bulgaria.

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ПСИХОЛИНГВИСТИЧНИ МЕТОДИ ЗА ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА ХРОНОТОПА

Author(s): Krasimira Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

The report demonstrates the research and linguo-didactic potential of some psycholinguistic methods in the study of chronotope. In the interpretation of pictograms as a non-verbal form of representation of meanings, spatial characteristics are transformed into temporal ones, transcoding non-verbal into verbal information.

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ОСНОВНИЯТ ВЪПРОС НА ЕТНОЛОГИЯТА

Author(s): Konstantin Rangochev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

The main question of ethnology is: What is the attitude of the researchers (ethnologists, folklorists, anthropologists, and in general researchers in humanities) towards the spiritual word, that is, towards the religious and mythological believes and ideas. What is their answer to the fundamental question if there are two worlds, material and spiritual, or is there only one world, the material one? A researcher could take only one of these two positions. A constituent premise for solving this question is the understanding that the Bulgarian, the so-called “folklore person”, till recent time is homo religiosus, that is a person who lives in and through the religious world. If ethnologists do not have this view point, how could they interpret the phenomena of present-day Bulgarian folklore culture?

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ПРОИЗХОД И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ НА НЯКОИ СЕЛИЩНИ ИМЕНА В САМОКОВСКО

Author(s): Georgi Zahov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

In this article; we will examine the question concerning the roots and the meaning of the settlements: Samokov; Alino; Belchin and Popovyane. Each name is key to unveiling moments of their history and establishment. We begin with the earliest historical records of the settlements; to give us context about the meaning of their names. The available historical sources are dated between the middle of the 15th century and the first half of the 16th century. These names; with little exemptions; remain unchanged to this day. Their toponyms predate the Turkish slavery in the region.

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АВЕРКИЙ ПОПСТОЯНОВ – БУНТАР И ПРОПОВЕДНИК

Author(s): Venezia Tomova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

The text contain the information about Averkiy – one of those Bulgarians, whose particular deserts for the development of the school deed, the fight against the Phanariots, the literature and the national revolutionary fights. He is also a cleric, and author of church chants, and figure of the Bulgarian national Renaissance. He was born in Dupnitsa in 1802 in the family of a priest. As for many figures of the period of the Renaissance there is not much kept information. Averkiy has worked as a teacher for many years. From 1858 to 1878 he is an abbot in the Monastery of Osogovo – “St. Yoakim Osogovski” (today’s Republic of North Macedonia). After the liberation, the Monastery of Osogovo stays within the borders of the Ottoman Empire – this is the reason to movement of Averkiy to the Zhablenski monastery (in the area of Radomir, Bulgaria). He spends his last years reconstructing the monastery Averkiy dies in 1881. We determine Averkiy as a collective figure of the fighters of the epoch of the Bulgarian Renaissance. Clever, highly- educated, devout and sacrificial. This is him – worker for the enlightenment and literature, fighter for church independence, rebellion and preacher.

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ВИНОВАТА ЛОЗА, ВИНИЦА, VINEAM …

Author(s): Julijana Ivanova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 20/2021

There is an old legend that tells a story about the origins of the name of the town Vinica, which is located in the east of R.N. Macedonia. According to the legend, long time ago there was a severe drought in the town and because of the lack of water and abundance of wine, when 163 building houses people used wine to make mortar. And the town got its name. But opposed to the legend there are old written sources in which the toponym Vinica is mentioned. It was first documented in the Slavic written monuments from the 16th century. The name is of Slavic origins and means a place where vine grows, vineyard. People of Vinica have always been known for growing large areas of quality vine and production of good quality wine. We have learned from the historical sources that the first vineyards here were cultivated even in the ancient times, at the time of Roman arrival. During the archeological excavations in Vinica area various mobile materials made of metal and ceramics from different periods was found on which vines (grapes) are engraved as decorative ornaments. Among the most exhibited is the ceramic relief ‘79 Psalm of Asaf” (Grapevine), part of the world famous Terracotta reliefs, on which, in the central part a grapevine with grapes is depicted. This relief that has inscription VINEAM in its upper part today is recognizable trademark of the town under Vinichko Kale.

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СВ. ТЕОДОР, ТОДОРОВА САБОТА – ПРАЗНИК НА ЉУБОВТА

Author(s): Blagitsa Stojanova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 20/2021

In the eastern part of R. N. Macedonia, under the slopes of the mountain Plachkovica is the city of Vinica. With exceptional natural wealth and predispositions, it has always been a place where many civilizations, traditions and cultures intertwined and complemented each other. The celebrating and respecting of the religious holidays, among which the holiday dedicated to St. Theodore is especially important, are part of the rich Vinica tradition. Theodore’s Saturday or Todorica is a holiday dedicated to the Holy Great Martyr Theodore. This Orthodox Christian holiday does not have a permanent date but is celebrated on the first Saturday of Easter 306 fasting, i.e. on the first Saturday after Procka (the Holiday of forgiveness). Although Theodore’s Saturday is a church holiday and this is indicated by many customs that are performed in the church, on this day there are also many customs performed that originate from much older times. In our region, in Vinica, this holiday is marked by two significant events. One of the events is connected with the church where on this day all newlywed brides (wedded from March of the previous year to this year’s) gather together with their mothers-in-law, the young daughters-in-law bow to their mothers-in-law and kiss their hands and their mothers-in-law give them presents. This custom has been practiced for years. The second event is related to the event “Theodore’s races” where people take part in sports games with a competitive and fun spirit, which were practiced by our ancestors hundreds of years ago. People from 7 to 77 years old take part in these races. This is also the most massive event held in Vinica. Proof that this saint was revered a long time ago in these parts of the country, is the “Terracotta icons” St. Theodore from the 5th – 6th century found at the archeological site Vinichko Kale.

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„МАЛТА, ГРАДА ГОЛЯМА“ ИЛИ КОЙ Е ГРАДЪТ ОТ БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ НАРОДНИ ПЕСНИ С МОТИВ „ДЕВОЙКА СПАСЯВА МАЛТА“

Author(s): Snezhanka Gencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

This article presents the application of mathematical analysis in reading folklore and argues for the significance of the method to study historical sources. This work also shows which is the city, described in the Bulgarian folk songs with a motif “A Virgin rescues Malta”.

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СВЕЩЕНО И ПРОФАННО. ГОТОВИ ФРАЗИ В БИБЛЕЙСКИЯ ТЕКСТ

Author(s): Yana Sivilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

The article discusses a number of set phrases incorporated in the text of the Bible. The author focuses on the history of the units: a heart of stone, an eye for an eye, and to hide one’s light under bushel. The different traditions and the primary contexts in which they were initially used are shown and also some of the most significant transformations of their meanings up to the present day were analysed. Although their antiquity supposed only hypothetical findings, the discussed connections with ancient cultures pile specific connotations on their meanings.

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ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНИ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ЗА РАБОТА СЪС СЪВРЕМЕННИ АДАПТАЦИИ НА СЛОВЕСЕН ФОЛКЛОР. ДЕЦА, РОДИТЕЛИ И УЧИТЕЛИ ЧЕТАТ НОВОТО ИЗДАНИЕ НА СБОРНИКА „ВЕДА СЛОВЕНА“

Author(s): Miglena Hristozova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

This article presents the goals and the preparatory stage of a new project, which examines how contemporary adapted versions of verbal folklore can be applied in some innovative education concepts. The new version of “Veda Slovena” has been put as an example for an experimental reading implemented by children, parents and teachers.

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ZADOVOLJSTVO RAZLIČITIM ASPEKTIMA ŽIVOTA GRAĐANA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE S OBZIROM NA SPOL, STAROST, OBRAZOVANJE, MJESTO STANOVANJA I UKUPNA MJESEČNA PRIMANJA

Author(s): Srđan Puhalo,Amina Mešić,Marina Kucalović Vidović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 7/2021

Ovo istraživanje ima za cilj utvrditi u kojoj mjeri su stanovnici Bosne i Hercegovine općenito zadovoljni životom, ali i pojedinim aspektima života, s obzirom na neke sociodemografske varijable (spol, starost, obrazovanje, veličina naselja i ukupna mjesečna primanja). Zadovoljstvo životom predstavlja kognitivnu komponentu subjektivnog blagostanja i najčešće se definira kao subjektivna procjena osobe o tome koliko je njen život dobar i kvalitetan u odnosu na vlastite standarde i kriterije koje ona smatra važnim. Istraživanje je provedeno polovinom 2019. godine na uzorku od 3485 ispitanika iz BiH, a ispitanici su upitnik popunjavali online. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da su stanovnici Bosne i Hercegovine više zadovoljni nego nezadovoljni svojim životom. Muškarci su zadovoljniji svojim životom u odnosu na žene i općenito kao i na pojedinim aspektima života. Porastom godina starosti opada zadovoljstvo životom stanovnika Bosne i Hercegovine. Ispitanici koji žive u mjestima s više stanovnika općenito su zadovoljniji svojim životom, životnim standardom i postignućem u životu, s druge strane s porastom veličine mjesta u kojem žive raste i nezadovoljstvo ispitanika pripadnošću lokalnoj zajednici. S porastom ukupnih mjesečnih primanja obitelji raste i opće zadovoljstvo poslom, kao i zadovoljstvo pojedinim aspektima života. Na kraju možemo zaključiti da stanovnici Bosne i Hercegovine nisu toliko nezadovoljni životom, ali bi mogli biti mnogo zadovoljniji.

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Romanian migration reflected in recent Portuguese literature: the Roma ethnicity as a case in point

Author(s): Catalina Iliescu-Gheorghiu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This article focuses on three contemporary Portuguese literary works that feature Roma characters and culture-specific elements within a wider selection of authors who mention or delve into past and present Romanian realities. This selection was aimed at determining which are the themes, historical events, lived or narrated memories, symbols, images, and ethnotypes that interest contemporary Portuguese authors in relation with the Romanian immigrant segment, a population fairly representative in Portugal (ninth largest minority group, with some 31,000 residents and an annual immigration rate of 2,000 new arrivals). My exploration (through several channels: library catalogues, oral sources, databases) revealed ten literary works which tackle elements related to: the Roma ethnic group and the negative ethnotype of prostitution, crime and begging; the former elite (aristocracy, intelligentsia), above all, temporally anchored in the early years of the 20th century; and the Communist regime, its apparatus (party and secret police) and its fall at the end of the eighth decade of the 20th century. In this article I shall focus on the analysis of the first group, basing this on the concept of “ethnotype”, observing how the image of a given immigrant population is constructed, and how this image affects its members in the public and private spheres.This article focuses on three contemporary Portuguese literary works that feature Roma characters and culture-specific elements within a wider selection of authors who mention or delve into past and present Romanian realities. This selection was aimed at determining which are the themes, historical events, lived or narrated memories, symbols, images, and ethnotypes that interest contemporary Portuguese authors in relation with the Romanian immigrant segment, a population fairly representative in Portugal (ninth largest minority group, with some 31,000 residents and an annual immigration rate of 2,000 new arrivals). My exploration (through several channels: library catalogues, oral sources, databases) revealed ten literary works which tackle elements related to: the Roma ethnic group and the negative ethnotype of prostitution, crime and begging; the former elite (aristocracy, intelligentsia), above all, temporally anchored in the early years of the 20th century; and the Communist regime, its apparatus (party and secret police) and its fall at the end of the eighth decade of the 20th century. In this article I shall focus on the analysis of the first group, basing this on the concept of “ethnotype”, observing how the image of a given immigrant population is constructed, and how this image affects its members in the public and private spheres.

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Instances of (un)translatability in Ion Creangă’s “Amintiri din copilărie”/ ”Memories of my boyhood”

Author(s): Andra Iulia Ursa / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

These days, writing about untranslatability may seem courageous, as more and more voices associate this issue with translation incapacity and, instead, advocate for creative remedies or even reject such an instance. This study does not deal with a contemporary novel, nor does it have to do with a powerful textual space. However, we believe that translation theories mainly focus on analyses of a certain category of languages, and raise questions of discrepancies between subordinate and dominant cultures, a tendency which derives from the proneness of the international publishing industry to favour certain languages and types of writing. We are not aiming for a debate around the subject of publishing politics or endeavours, but rather we try to cast some light on the ambitious project of rendering vernacular into a powerful language. This paper deals with the work of a great Moldavian storyteller who contributes significantly to the enhancement of expressiveness through linguistic characteristics that occur informally. We hypothesise that the vibrant vernacular writing “Memories of my boyhood” creates potential instances of untranslatability, due to significant differences between the Romanian variety and English, not necessarily in the linguistic inventory but rather in the cognitive structures of the readership. Therefore, the case study focuses on how source text and target text readers infer meaning from interjections and terms of address, originally belonging to the Moldavian modes of expression. Although the translators re-create these short utterances, due to a lack of a similar background from the part of the receiving culture, we witness a limitation on conveying their original intentionality, emotion and plethora of meanings.

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The Culture of a Modernizing Traditional Society (Ethnical Aspect)

Author(s): Anzhelina A. Koriakina / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The intensification of world processes has acutely raised the problem of transitional or modernizing societies and cultures. In this regard, the question of the culture of a modernizing society is actualized. In the article, the concept of “culture of a modernizing society” through the prism of modernization of a traditional society and ethnical aspect is analyzed. The explanatory cultural concept of the present day is developed. In this context, the main characteristic of a modernizing society is culture. It is revealed that culture of a modernizing society is quite plastic, multicomponent, and includes both traditional and innovative (modern) components. The Yakut culture at the modern stage is observed and it is cleared that the Yakut people are going through the final process of acculturation of the Yakut ethnos and the cultural assimilation of its large part.

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СРБИ У ПОМОРИШЈУ: ИЗМЕЂУ СЕЛА И ГРАДА

Author(s): Biljana Sikimić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 7/2021

Based on the fieldwork research of Serbs in Arad county (Romania) done in 2013–2015, the paper analyzes narratives about personal relocation to the city of Arad and elements of biographical stories given in the form of digressions in narratives covering the themes of traditional Serbian culture. Collected material comes from the settlements of Nadjfala/Satu Mare, Felnak/Felnac, Monoštor/Mănăştur Munara/Munar, Tornja/Turnu, town of Arad, as well as from published memories of the victims of communism. The time period covered in the narratives starts from the period of communism, through the Revolution of 1989, all the way to the modern, parallel world and double life in the villages and Arad at the same time. The narratives are divided into five thematic units that cover the current situation in the settlement, memories of the Felnac tamburitza orchestra, trips to Arad from a children’s perspective, fragments about everyday life in Arad and today’s situation of emotional division between the village and the city. The attached transcripts are verbatim and reflect the different degrees of preservation of the Serbian language (Šumadija-Vojvodina dialect) and the corresponding influence of the Romanian language in each individual participant.

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