Жизненият свят на гагаузите от град Ямбол. Част първа: преселване и адаптация, групи и граници

Author(s): Galin Georgiev,Dinka Angelova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

In the focus of the present study is that part of the so-called Edirnes’s or ThracianGagauzes who in the period after the Balkan wars settled in the town of Yambol and whose new location fully corresponds to one of the characteristic features of these people (especially of the groups in the Balkans) – urban manners, clothing, way of life. Thus, it is particularly important to study, this time in the context of the national state, the place and role of the town with its specific environment as a factor in the formation and restructuring of the collective memory of the Gagauzes; in the development of their communal strategies for survival and adaptation; as well as in their relations with other ethnocultural groups in Yambol, the public and cultural institutions, etc. All this will be studied through several emblematic life stories. However, their representative character and, to some extent, their exclusiveness is not only due to their instructive and factological value. The process of search, registration and study of each case, as well as their interrelations, are also of significance.

Етнопредприемачество сред руската общност в България

Author(s): Tanya Matanova,Vladimir Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Ethnic entrepreneurship is a peculiar mechanism for manifestation of ethnocultural identity and a specific resource for the preservation of cultural heritage. The topic is relatively unexplored in Bulgaria but the authors have experience in its study in general. The article attempts to clarify the terminology related to the problem and systematizes and typologies the manifestations of Russian ethnic entrepreneurship in the country. Thus, on this basis as well as with the help of the fieldwork interviews and the research of Internet publications devoted to owners of various Russian entrepreneurial structures and their staff (Beryozka and similar retail stores as well as representatives of various types of individual businesses) the study searches for and finds (or does not find) manifestations orientated towards preservation of the Russian cultural heritage in the Bulgarian social environment.

Външни трудови миграции на ромите – спасение от бедността и акумулиране на нов социален опит

Author(s): Ivanka Abadzhieva-Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The Roma people joined the general migratory flows a bit later than the other ethnic groups; however, the mobility patterns and routes do not differ significantly compared to those of the rest of the population. For the Roma communities, this is one of the few opportunities for employment. For the present, the financial transfers help break the vicious circle of unemployment – poverty – lack of education in the sending communities, which circle many families have entered. Along with better financial security, migrants bring back new ideas and knowledge which stimulate social development in the encapsulated neighbourhoods. The crossing of the physical borders symbolically destroys the mental boundaries of the communities. The stress is put on the opening to the world which creates opportunities but leads to two main risks: complete dependency on labour mobility and loss of human capital(brain drain) in the Roma communities; this could hinder the processes of social development at a later stage.

Banu Çitlak, Sebastian Kurtenbach, Megan Lueneburg, Meglena Zlatkova. (Eds.) The New Diversity of Family Life in Europe. Mobile Ethnic Groups and Flexible boundaries. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 2017

Author(s): Ivaylo Markov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The contribution of B.M. Bim-Bad to the pedagogical normative reconstruction

Author(s): Aura Hapenciuc / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2018

The paper highlights the contribution of the contemporary educator of the eastern area B.M. Bim- Bad in demonstrating the scientificity of pedagogy. Normative provides the ordering of facts, events, processes etc. The normativity pedagogical model proposed by .M. Bim-Bad includes: pedagogy axioms (fundamental truths that are well known) laws of pedagogy, specific laws, concrete laws, pedagogical principles, pedagogical rules. Axiomatic system will be essential in contemporary postmodern pedagogy, especially in the field of general theories (foundations pedagogy / general theory of education, general teaching / general theory of training), serving to improve and develop them continuously. The research contains the concepts, principles and axioms used by Russian pedagogues, through which we strive to demonstrate the impact of Russian pedagogy on the epistemic development of education science and its contribution to world heritage.

Алкалоидите като част от руската празнична култура

Author(s): Irina Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 41/2020

The text analyses extensively the role of alcohol in Russian culture in terms of anthropology and literary history – from the traditional folklore, through 17th century texts, diary entries by Nicholas II of Russia about having champagne with the cavalry, drinking in the times of Stalin, Khrushchev, Gorbachov, in the youth subculture circles and the alcohol in some key literary texts of those periods.

Budilova, L., M. Jakoubek. Bulgarian Protestants and the Czech Village of Voyvodovo. Sofia, 2018

Author(s): Vasil Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

„Цаката била в кацата…“ или как градският шлагер преживя социализма

Author(s): Anton Angelov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Between the mid-1940s and the late 1950s the centralization and ideologization of culture marginalized the schlager-song practice from pre-socialist times. Performing and listening to this musical genre was recognized by the authorities as a relic of the bourgeois past and was at the same time regarded as non-aesthetic by the professional composers. In the 1960s the generational change and the penetration of the new modern Western popular culture in Bulgaria altered the focus of the institutions of the regime. The old-fashioned pre-war schlager lost its political incorrectness to a significant extent and gradually became a convenient instrument in the hands of the institutions thus allowing to cover the attention of the elderly generations.

Przygody Alicji w krainie Tima Burtona. Filmowa adaptacja opowieści Lewisa Carrolla w świetle Campbellowskiej koncepcji monomitu

Author(s): Weronika Kostecka,Adam Franke / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

The aim of the article is to analyse Tim Burton’s film Alice in Wonderland (2010) as exploiting Joseph Campbell’s model of the hero’s journey. Burton, as well as the screenwriter, Linda Wolvertoon, treated the original works by Lewis Carroll (1865, 1871) only as a starting point to present their own vision. In the presented considerations, the authors propose the interpretation of the film incarnation of Alice as a mythical heroine who must gain self-awareness and undergo an inter­nal metamorphosis – a transgression from a lost girl into a brave warrior for her own autonomy.

„Sharonka”. Praktyka i dzieło w projektach artystycznych Sharon Lockhart z udziałem dzieci i młodzieży

Author(s): Julia Harasimowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

The main goal of the article is to describe and analyse the artistic practice of the American artist Sharon Lockhart as well as her works created with the participation of children and young adults. The materials studied herein are the documentation of her activities, interviews, and texts accompanying exhibitions. A particular attention is paid to the projects made in Poland, especially those created with Milena, a teenage girl from a poor area of Łódź, and her friends from the Youth Sociotherapy Centre in Rudzienko. In the article, the artist’s statements are confronted with a formal analysis of her projects. With the use of such secondary sources as cultural, anthropological, art, and childhood studies literature, Lockhart’s artworks are described and interpreted in the context of creating the child’s image, of the young girls’ participation in art projects, and of the author’s method of work itself, which she calls ‘etnographic.’ The precise and interdisciplinary research shows superficiality of this pedagogical and emancipatory method, including using the girls to evoke a specific mood in the audience. From the perspective of art studies, Lockhart’s works, however, may be interpreted as an aesthetic story about a meeting with and an attempt to get to know the Other.

ПРЕДАЊА БЕЛИЦЕ – ОД ТЕРЕНА ДО ТЕКСТА

Author(s): Ana Stanković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 69/2019

This paper deals with the process in which a collection of oral legends found on the terrain of the Belica locality was created. Its objective is to get an insight into the terrain which would include a geographical and cultural aspect as well as up-to-date records of the transmissions. This position creates an explanatory start- ing point for the need to repeat and expand the research in a way in which different theoretical and methodological assumptions can be appreciated. The presentation of the collection relates to the pre-terrain, terrain and post-terrain stages, and it focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of the research procedures that have been ap- plied so far. The material collected will be classified and described in line with the classifications adopted in folkloristics. Moreover, an attempt will be made to point out the possibilities for some future research, not only of this terrain, but also of legends in general. The fluidity of the borders of genres and the difficulties arising from the attempts at definition and classification are the issues that even impose a need for a contemporary researcher to look for different new approaches. This paper indicates the selected aspects of study that open up in a dialogue with the existing paradigms in contemporary humanistic sciences. Accordingly, the research tends to observe the oral legends originating in the Belica terrain through the lens of the theories of nar- ratology and imagology with the aim to reveal the material in a different spectrum of concepts that could affirm the existing scientific assumptions or possibly point to the new approaches in understanding this folklore genre.

MITOLOGICA HEROICA (I): ГРАМАТИКА МИТА О НАХОДУ СИМЕУНУ

Author(s): Đorđe N. Kebara / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 69/2019

В этой работе мы представим терминологическое дистинктивное значение понятия „мифологика”, учрежденного французским антропологом Клодом Леви-Строссом. Понятие „мифологика” будет интерпретироваться в контексте странствующих мифологических мотивов, присутствующих в коллективном бессознательном (брошенный ребенок, герой-подкидыш, герой совершающий инцест, миф о рождении героя, культурный герой). Надстройка „героика” относится к героям сербской героической народной поэзии и мифологическим моделям, с которыми они были объединены. Следовательно, методом работы является сравнительный мифоанализ древной поэзии. Предметом будут модели и вариации, общие для античной, средневековой и сербской народной поэзии. Цель работы – показать, как эти мотивы развиваются с точки зрения сербского устного творчества. Тема относится к мотиву „брошенного ребенка”, а в связи с двумя песнями о Находе Симеуне, которые были собраны Вуком Стефановичем Караджичем.

PRIKAZ ITALIJE U UDŽBENIKU "NUOVO MAGARI": NE SAMO "DOLCE VITA"

Author(s): Tijana N. Kukić,Danijela M. Janjić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 69/2019

Nel presente saggio osserviamo Italia come brand. Uno dei primi con- cetti che viene in mente quando si tratta dell’Italia è dolce vita caratterizzato dalla leggerezza della vita, dalla spensieratezza e dal godersi il momento. Abbiamo deciso di analizzare in quale modo l’Italia venga rappresentata nel manuale Nuovo Magari perché esso si distingue dalla maggioranza dei manuali di lingua italiana soprat- tutto per un approccio critico. Nuovo magari, per i livelli C1 e C2, tende a offrire un’immagine imparziale dell’Italia, la quale, come tutti i paesi, attraversa periodi di problemi relativi alla società, e fa scoprire anche aspetti non così positivi o famosi del bel paese, volgendo l’attenzione a diversi realistici e davvero interessanti fenomeni culturali, storici, sociali e linguistici.

МОРЕТО В КИНЕМАТОГРАФИЧНИЯ ЕЗИК НА РАННОТО ГРЪЦКО КИНО

Author(s): / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The proposed article aims to analyze the genesis and functions of the image of the sea in the emerging film language of early Greek cinema in the context of building the modern Greek national identity and reproducing national memory. The focus is on the first period from the birth of film art in Greece from the early 20th century to the mid-1930s, when many Greek filmmakers left the country due to the imposition of the Metaxas regime with a coup in 1936. The outbreak of the Second World War and the German occupation (1941–1944) stifled the successful aspirations of early Greek cinema, and turbulent political events would not allow it to enter its mature period until the 1950s.

НАЧАЛО И РАЗВИТИЕ НА БЪЛГАРСКОТО ПЛАНИНАРСТВО (1895–1912)

Author(s): Svetlozar Eldarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

In 2020, Bulgarian mountaineering celebrates 125 years since its inception. It began on August 27, 1895 with the first mass ascent of Cherni Vrah (2290 m), the peak of Vitosha Mountain, located near the capital of Bulgaria – Sofia. This was initiated by two of the most popular Bulgarian writers and public figures in that era – Aleko Konstantinov and Ivan Vazov. Thus, only three decades after the establishment of the Alpine Club in London (1865), which marked the beginning of modern mountaineering, and only 17 years after the liberation of Bulgaria from Ottoman rule (1878), Bulgarians adopted a modern European idea, which at that time still inspired the continent. For various reasons, the mountaineering association, established in 1895 ceased to exist, but mountain tourism continued to develop as a free initiative. In 1899 the First Bulgarian Tourist Association „Aleko Konstantinov“ was founded in Sofia, similar companies appeared in other cities of the country and thus a permanent organization was created under the name Bulgarian Tourist Association (BTA). Although the first companies were called „tourist“, the main place in their activities was occupied by classical mountaineering.Apart from organized excursions in the mountains, BTA developed active cultural and educational activities for the promotion of mountaineering and tourism, for a healthy lifestyle and for the protection of Bulgarian nature. To this end, in 1902 the monthly magazine „Bulgarian Tourist“ started to be published, as an official body publication of the BTA. An important place in the ideology of Bulgarian mountaineering then occupied the neo-Slavic movement and therefore consequently at the Slavic Congress in Sofia in 1910 the issues of „Slavic tourism“ became part of the agenda. In 1912, on the eve of the Balkan War, BTA united 12 companies (branches) with 650 regular members. The majority of them were people of culture, science and art, teachers and civil servants, representatives of the middle class. Military officers on active duty, and from the reserve of the Bulgarian army, also took an active part. Although relatively smaller in number, from the very beginning women have also participated in the Bulgarian mountaineering and tourist movement. The tradition established in 1895–1912 became widespread and developed rapidly after the First World War.

„СВЕЩЕНАТА ПЛАНИНА“ В САКРАЛНАТА ГЕОГРАФИЯ НА СОФИЯ: ПРАКТИКИ НА ЕЗОТЕРИЧНИ ОБЩЕСТВА ПРЕЗ ПЪРВАТА ПОЛОВИНА НА ХХ В.

Author(s): Georgeta Nazarska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article examines the “spiritual landscape” of modern Sofia and particularly – the place of the “sacred mountain” in the ideas and ritual practices of various occult communities that existed in the city from the late 19th to mid-20th century. Based on various sources the social construction of the sacred space (its borders, functioning and use) is studied. The main research question, explored by methods of history and cultural studies, is the importance of these formations, considered marginal subcultures, products of foreign cultural influences or followers of inherited spiritual tradition, in the Bulgarian “spiritual landscape”.

Discourses’ Transformation of World Religions and Gender Inequality at the End of the XX – Beginning of the XXI Centuries

Author(s): Roman Oleksenko,Karina Oleksenko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

Purpose. Explore the sociocultural reasons for the transformation of discourses of religion and gender in modern political systems. Theoretical basis. In philosophy, as in other sciences, the feminist direction emerged and took shape within the framework of liberalism as an emancipation project with the main goal of political equality. Although this path - unlike the radically separatist - is modernist, it, like a thousand years ago, forms a stable opposition with the essentialist attitudes of world religions. Within the framework of the social constructivist methodology, gender is defined as the cause and result of the interactions of power and inequality of women. As gender discourses change, systems change, but world religions today reproduce inequality, supporting traditional gender systems. Scientific novelty. At the beginning of the XXI century. Gender is less and less a component of unchanging identity and more and more a product of interactions with other people, social institutions and social structures. Thus, gender is a constantly created property of situational interaction, and not a role or a sign. The concept of gender in theology opens up a huge field for interpretation, showing a slight tendency to change, and is still identified with the transcendental and supernatural as masculine and natural and physical as feminine. Findings. The causes of gender inequality are difficult to comprehend for a strictly rational reflection environment. Women's inequality cannot be fully reduced to a system of norms and laws. Theology associated with early Christian teachings shows particular stability in the interpretation of women as “invisible” and apolitical, taking advantage of the Old Testament ideas about the nature of women, while also offering no explanation for the “invisibility” of women in their purely private sphere.

Book review

Author(s): Theodora Saltidou / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

The Remediation of (Post-)Humanities

Author(s): Laurent Milesi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

‘Humanity does not exist at all yet or it barely exists.’ French historical figure Jean Jaurès’s statement, famously echoed by Jacques Derrida, then by Bernard Stiegler, provides a fittingly provocative starting point for my reflections on the present condition and future of the ‘humanities’, envisaged both as the pluralization of what differentiates ‘us’ from other species and as the academic implementation of programmes (as well as the philosophical questioning) in the name of humanism.This article investigates the condition of the humanities in the digital age as always already that of the ‘posthumanities’. The impact of the Derridean deconstruction of the sign as technological ‘trace’ is recalled as an antecedent to Stiegler’s conception, from his first volume of Technics and Time onwards, of humanity as indissociable from an exteriorizing technicity which gave rise to a third kind of, or ‘epiphylogenetic’, memory. The second part looks at Stiegler’s notion of ‘pharmacology’, his diagnostic of the enslavement of contemporary homo technicus through tele-technologies and his pragmatic search for socio-political, cultural and educational remedies. Taking my cue from his approach as well as inflecting Bolter and Grusin’s notion of ‘remediation’, I conclude with a final section envisaging tomorrow’s ‘remedial’ (post)-humanities, adducing as precursor examples a couple of creative practitioners (Mark Taylor and Gregory Ulmer) and emphasizing the rich potential of videogames in such a ‘re(-)creative’ process.

Prescription for a New Model University for the Humanities

Author(s): Jamey Hecht / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This article starts from general remarks on education which is regarded as largely a physical, interpersonal process for extending one’s knowledge of our collective human repertoire and shows how that changed, temporarily, with the postmodern combination of information technology, social complexity, and cheap energy. But the first requires the other two, and as they fade, premodern forms of pedagogy and scholarship may return – unmoored (but for the Humanities) from the deep past and from professionalization’s Byzantine administrative labyrinth. The next part of the essay investigates today’s hegemonic neoliberal arrangements that must vanish with the market they developed to exploit; in this case, ‘nostalgia’ will lament the lost energy-abundance and social complexity that virtual education required. Instead, loose coalitions of teachers may form subscription-based universities where learning – not credentialling, nor capital accumulation – is central. The article finally sketches these trends and offers a general plan for a resilient, low-tech, low-energy Humanities university, as complex societies like the United States continue to reckon with the abrupt forms of decline that we call ‘collapse’.