Metodologický rámec hodnocení operačních rizik

Author(s): Josef Procházka,Josef Melichar / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2017

The article brings a “Condition-If-Then” construct as a proven protocol for writing risk statement and its application into assessing risks related to capability gaps identified during the defense planning processAuthors discuss utility of “Common approach” and “Impact averse approach” to risk rank ordering as a tool for ordering risks according to their importance. Using the discussed tools enables the planners to run risk assessment that sets preconditions for prioritizing the Force Development Options (FDOs) and for minimizing the impact of capability gaps on conduct of future operations. The ORAMF and the application of the given protocol for writing risks are some of the building blocks of the defense planning process, offering a toolset for reinforcement of the defense planning of the Czech Republic.

Metodologiczne wizje i koncepcje G.L. Seidlera

Author(s): Lech Dubel / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

The methodological concepts of Grzegorz Leopold Seidler touched upon numerous important issues involved in the cultivation of legal sciences. Formulated on different levels of abstraction, they addressed the most significant issues of the academic discipline of law, as well as other social sciences. In the field of legal sciences, they were mainly connected with the philosophy of law, the theory of law, the history of political and legal doctrines, the history of the State and law, and the constitutional and administrative law. However, His academic research interests also corresponded to the political sciences, and the theory of organisation and management. Frequently, these were the visions and ideas which turned into concepts due to the endeavours by Professor, or subsequently his students. Tue same was the case with the history of political and legal doctrines, a research discipline that has been cultivated since the nineteenth cenrury. His ideas were, however, rooted in a concrete historical situation. The whole academic research life of G.L. Seidler was characterised, among other things, by the attempt to define the subject and the method of his basic research area and exposition, i.e. the political and legal thought. It needs to be emphasised that he was not only interested in the history of legal thought, but the modern political thought as well. The methodological pursuits and their consequent continuation that were actually present in nearly all of the author's works, inspire admiration for their pioneering nature as well as the depth of exploration of this research area. The critical appraisal of the methodological proposals by G.L. Seidler covered the definition of the research subject, i.e. the approach and concept of doctrine, the proposal to systematise the periodisation of political thought, and certain conclusions stemming from the applied research method. The importance of these studies may be evaluated on many levels. Among the most major ones seems to be its capability to inspire a discussion among the historians of political and legal thought concerning the author's theses. Another aspect of the appeal of the methodological ideas is the extent of its acceptance, i.e. whether and to what extend it was accepted by historians of doctrines. The author of the present article puts forward a thesis that in both aspects Grzegorz Leopold Seidler's thought was academically significant and still is an important source for the methodological reflections by contemporary authors.

Metodski problem pristupa fenomenu političkog

Author(s): Zvonko Posavec / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 04/1985

The phenomenon of politics cannot be perceived by means of the methodological procedures of ontological-normative, analytical-empirical or dialectic-critical theory. The entire metaphysical idea is related to the central category of behaviour, which subsists on the primacy of theory over practice. The author attempts to deduce the destruction of the traditional notion of politics on the basis of the concept of communicative action which was first put forward by H. Arendt. The reconstruction of the original notion of politics is carried out by the author according to Kant's reflexive power of judgment.

Metody výzkumu politické komunikace v nových médiích: Přehledová studie

Author(s): Olga Brunnerová,Jakub Charvát / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 3/2017

Recent advances and innovations in media and information and communication technologies have raised extremely important issue of the necessity of rethinking what we study and how do research on political communication in the context of new media landscape. Thus, the challenge for the paper was to explore the research methods of the manufold studies on political communication in the new media environment and to systematize the results into a comprehensive methodological “state-of-the art” report. The theoretical-methodological study strives to comprehensively outline the utmost important methodological aspects of the research of a new, yet crucial facet of political communication – one that takes place online, through the new media, as communicating politics online has become an essential part of modern political campaigning and of the everyday lives of both politicians and citizens. The aim of the study is to delineate the methods and techniques of data collection and analysis used in this line of research and to point out and discuss new trends and tools equipped by political scientists. To that end, the study examines 180 articles published in nine selected scientific journals over an 8-year period stretching from the beginning of 2009 to March 2017. Moreover, examined is the application of these methods in relation to specific topics and research designs, and the limitations of such research of the new media are scrutinized as well.

Między wyobrażeniami a działaniami. Wybrane aspekty przedmiotowe badań politologicznych nad myślą polityczną

Author(s): Waldemar Paruch / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 01/2004

The paper is an analysis of the category of political thought as an element of the research field of political science. The attention focuses on three issues: 1) the concept of political thought and the conceptual network related to it; 2) fundamental sources, methods and techniques adequate to research on political thought; 3) a historiography of political thought and the development of the ways to analyze political ideas. The concept of political thought enjoys a status of an autonomous notion in the language of political science. It is constituted by all kinds of reflection on political reality, irrespective of the degree of their development, internal coherence or systemati-zation as well as of the degree of their theoretical advancement and specification. It origins as a result of political thinking. It cannot be reduced to notions such as ideology, doctrine, conception, programme, ideas, a set of values and political princi-ples or be properly defined by the recurrence to these notions. Neither does it constitute an intermediate link in the categorical chain between ideology and doctrine. Both ideas and programmes, as well as ideologies and doctrines are constitutive elements of poli-tical thought. The present author assumed that political views do not have to relate directly to politics, institutions of power or a political regime as long as they exhibit political features. In the structure of political thought the following strata can be distinguished: ideological, conceptual and pragmatic which are hierarchically interdependent. To develop a political thought is the only way for any political subject to find an answer to many fundamental questions, to define goals which make public activity meaning-ful, to delimit political facts in the reality and to group them into relationships and to distinguish the political subject – in existential terms – from other participants of social life. In the political thought of the XX century one can see the evolution concerning types of ideas dominating the political thought – from the classical political phil-osophy to a reflection related to optimal political decision-making in given circum-stances. The breakthrough occurred around the half of the XX century when political subjects in their idea-making activities ceased to focus exclusively on precise defini-tions of visions of an ideal order based on a single, true and universal principle and engaged themselves in pragmatic controversies concerning the nature of particular solutions and the organization of the process of decision-making, that is concerning political engineering. There follows from the above points that exclusive focusing in research on analyses of political activities and their results without taking into consideration the views of politically oriented communities and decision-making centers representing them, would make it impossible for political science to fulfill its basic functions effectively (from the descriptive to the instrumental one)*. Therefore we attribute such an important role to the proper methodological organization of research on political thought which still suffers from three visible shortcomings affecting the cognitive process in numerous ways: 1. a weakly developed methodological reflection on the notion of political thought and the conceptual network related to it 2. little cognitive interest in the sources, methods and techniques proper to re-search on political thought 3. lacking scientific investigations in the historiography of political thought and the development of ways to analyze political ideas.

MOŻLIWOŚCI ZASTOSOWANIA METOD POTĘGOMETRII DLA WYBRANYCH CELÓW ANALIZY GEOPOLITYCZNEJ

Author(s): Tomasz Klin / Language(s): English,Polish / Issue: 08/2011

MULTIDIMENSIONAL JOB ANALYSIS IN THE MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS

Author(s): Corneliu Axente,Costache Rusu / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

The officers’ advancement in the military career is represented by the translation from execution posts to command posts. Commitment to a command post involves an exponential increase of the task diversity and analyses information flow. Also there’s a need for continuous skills development in leadership and resource managing. Under these circumstances, the occupied command post involves a mix of various challenges in managing simultaneously and synchronously human, material, and time resources available within the organization.This paper proposes a classification used for analyzing the management positions within the military organizations, thus obtaining a way of expressing their complexity and their value, as well as identifying the coordinates needed to be achieved by the military organizations managers from the point of view of different skills or managerial types imposed by the specifics of the occupied post.

Nauka o stosunkach międzynarodowych i studia europejskie w Polsce

Author(s): Jacek Czaputowicz,Kamil Lawniczak,Anna Wojciuk / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 2015

Neke od opštih karakteristika kampanje za vanredne parlamentarne izbore 2014. godine

Author(s): Zoran Ð. Slavujevic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 11/2014

Serbian political and party stage has been basically changed after the 2014 early elections. That is why the author points out to some of the main features of the election campaign we coud take into consideration in an attempt to explain election results: rather short election campaign was the result of numerous campaigns led during the pre-election period; though all the participants argued they were leading positive campaigns, the campaign overall was negative with numerous elements of a „dirty“ campaign; election promises made in a general manner, negative as well as „dirty“ elements brought about the deficit of rational discus sion and made „logic of the heart“ to be prevailing in the campaign and it took the charac teristics of an irrational one; economic and social topics were predominant but once again the campaign cannot be identified as an issue campaign but as a leadership one;leadership campaign unveiled a deep crisis of managing potentials, especially crisis of leadershipand while voters were left to choose among immature and „used“ leaders.

Neo-hobbesiánus demokrácia

A modus vivendi elmélete és a demokratikus legitimáció

Author(s): Milán Pap / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2016

In political theory, the criticism of Rawlsian constructivist liberalism has been articulated in theories of political realism. John Gray, one of the promoters of realist liberalism, recommends a neo-Hobbesian way of social coexistence which is based on the conflictual and antagonistic idea of political life. It takes social values and forms of life as incommensurable in modern multicultural societies. Taking value-pluralism and its conflicts seriously, a theory of modus vivendi has been articulated among realist political thinkers. Being a post-liberal (or post-Enlightenment) theory, modus vivendi is more a practice oriented and open-ended theory than philosophical constructions based on high morality. Modus vivendi theorists make an emphasis on the peaceful co-existence of social groups and a moral minimum of the political society. One of the deficiency of the theory is that it says not much about democracy, though it would be highly useful according to two contextual considerations.On the one hand, a modern political system would be impossible or outrageous without any form of democratic legitimacy. On the other hand, there is an exhaustion of the liberal project(s) and the societies featured by multicultural prosperity. Besides constitutional protection, defending democracy in this new context means balancing between cultural and other value-oriented groups in modern societies. In my paper, I make an attempt to examine the concept of democracy in the light of modus vivendi theory.

NO LANDS’ PEOPLE: IDENTITIES AND ATTITUDES OF MIGRANTS ORIGINATING FROM POST-SOVIET “FROZEN CONFLICT” AREAS

Author(s): Dorin Dusciac,Clément BALOGE,Roman URSU / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2018

The collapse of USSR in late 1980’s and the beginning of 1990’s was accompanied by a series of local and regional separatist movements that have rapidly burst out into local violent confrontations or civil wars, resulting in so-called “frozen conflicts” in Abkhazia and South Ossetia (Georgia), Transnistria (Moldova) and others. Since 2014, the Eastern part of Ukraine (Donetsk and Luhansk regions) is undergoing a seemingly similar scenario. Large numbers of people originating from conflict zones have migrated to Western Europe in search for peace, better economic conditions and personal and professional accomplishment. How do these migrants identify themselves once settled in destination countries? How do they define their own “national identity”, as persons originating from unrecognized “States”? In this paper, we compare the cases of these separatist regions in an attempt to offer an insight into a new topic, situated at the confluence of migration studies, geopolitics and ethnology.

NOVA POLITIČKA EKONOMIJA JAMESA BUCHANANA

Author(s): Zdravko Petak / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 03/1991

The new political economy, i.e. the theory of public choice advocated by James Buchanan and the Virginia school, is a contribution to the linking of the political and economic sciences. This is an approach to the process of politics that emerged in the beginning of the 1960s and is an application of economic analysis upon political decision making.

O NOUĂ VIZIUNE ASUPRA CERCETĂRII ŞTIINŢIFICE, DEZVOLTĂRII TEHNOLOGICE ŞI INOVĂRII LA ÎNCEPUT DE SECOL XXI

Author(s): I. Gabriel Nastase / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 18/2014

Les concepts de sécurité et défense sont étroitement connectés avec la recherche scientifique et le développement technologique. La Roumanie d’aujourd’hui se trouve dans un période de reconstruction non seulement des concepts économique, technologique et de sécurité, mais aussi dans le processus d’édifier et rédiger une formule cohérente d’équilibre entre les composant des systèmes nationaux économique, de défense et de sécurité, en ramassant les débits d’une voie qui a échoué et en construisant une nouvelle route vers l’avenir, y compris par la recherche scientifique, par une nouvelle manière de comprendre la science et la vie sociale et de reformuler l’intérêts vital en termes de marché de développement durable et de sécurité.

Ogólnopolski Zjazd Katedr Doktryn Politycznych i Prawnych ,,Myśl polityczno-prawna. Teoria i metodologia"

Author(s): Agata Grudzinska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2014

Conference report: Ogólnopolski Zjazd Katedr Doktryn Politycznych i Prawnych ,,Myśl polityczno-prawna. Teoria i metodologia" (Krakow 8-11 czerwca 2014)

On Exceeding of Division for Qualitative and Quantitative Researches in Contemporary Scientific Methodology

Author(s): Uroš Šuvakovic / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2011

Argumentation in favor of the attitude on exceeding the long ago established division of scientific researches to qualitative and quantitative is discussed in the work. Considering the attitude of materialistic dialecticians that every scientific research must deal with a subject, the attitude is represented according to which it is impossible to perform any quantitative research without prior establishing the quality that is being investigated. Since nothing cannot be investigated, but always only something, it means that it is necessary to establish precisely (to define) the quality that is being researched and to do this it is necessary to perform an adequate research. This is valid for all researches, including measuring, for which it is considered in the literature that these are only quantitative researches. It is shown on the example of designing two instruments for measuring successfulness of political parties – the scale and the quotient of party successfulness and the Bogardus`s scale of social distance On the other hand, even the expressively qualitative research methods (e.g. qualitative content analysis, case study, method of biography, etc.) as the rule comprehend certain quantifications. Aiming to methodological correctness, it would be the most accurately to consider as surpassed the existing dichotomy to qualitative and quantitative research, and to establish typology of scientific researches to qualitative-quantitative (prevailing element is qualitative) and quantitative-qualitative (prevailing element is quantitative) researches, depending on which element in the research is more dominant, with clear establishment of their interconnection.

Osnove analize javnih politika

Author(s): Ivan Grdešic / Language(s): Croatian / Publication Year: 2006

Prije deset godina je objavljena moja knjiga Političko odlučivanje (Zagreb: Alinea, 1995.) proizašla iz moga interesa za policy-analizu i političke procese odlučivanja, odnosno, kao sažetak moje doktorske disertacije o policy-analizi, inovaciji i političkoj moći. Političko odlučivanje se bavi upravo time: procesima političkog odlučivanja, sadržajem pojedinih odlučivačkih faza, akterima koji u njima sudjeluju, teorijskim modelima korisnima za analizu i razumijevanje političke dinamike. Knjiga je preživjela niz generacija studenata ali je tek u posljednje vrijeme – afirmacijom studija javne politike, policy-analize, upravljanja i javnog dobra – postala korisna kao početni izvor policy-relevantnih teorija i znanja.Ova knjiga, Osnove analize javnih politika, je svojevrsni nastavak prve, ali se u ovoj pokazuje studentima i drugo lice politologije – primijenjena i analitička strana naše struke i znanosti.Riječ je o knjizi, udžbeniku, koji pokazuje osnovne i samo neke metode političke analize, koja se bavi istraživačkim i analitičkim postupcima za razumijevanje onoga što vlade rade i smislom toga rada. Metode slijede politički proces, njegovu dinamiku i kronologiju; kako odmiče politička odluka tako se mijenjaju primjerene metode i postupci – neki su primjereniji fazi inicijative, a neki fazi implementacije. Većina metoda pripada repertoaru društvenih znanosti, a sve su, pa i uobičajene metode anketnog istraživanja ili intervjua, prilagođene specifičnostima analize javnih politika. Knjiga je zamišljena kao udžbenik studentu i priručnik zamišljenom policy-analitičaru. Zbog toga ona ne govori samo o politologiji kao znanstvenoj disciplini nego i o politologiji kao o struci. Politolozi mogu u ovoj knjizi potražiti, a ja se nadam i naći, svoj lex artis. Prva dva poglavlja govore o policy-analizi, njezinim glavnim definicijskim parametrima i načinima primjenjivosti.

Parlamentarni izbori u Srbiji 2014. godine: mali jubilej

Author(s): Milan Jovanovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 11/2014

The author recapitulates the effects of certain aspects of the electoral system and the consequences they have produced in the political system. It is shown that in the last 24 years, Serbian citizens spent nearly one month in the polls, casting their ballots for committee members, deputies, the President or voting in referenda. Only twice have elections for deputies been held independently and separately from elections for other levels of government, while the majority–namely seven, were extraordinary elections. The ten election cycles show an increasing trend of electoral abstention, which in the 2014 elections, reached an alarming point. There are two phases in the development of the electoral system. The first one, ending in 2000, was characterised by frequent and large electoral reforms. The second phase, since 2000, shows that the disproportional system assumes the character of an „unchangeable institution“. The closed blocked list and the relatively low election threshold in a constitutency More...

Political sciences: a discipline of the social sciences or the humanities?

Author(s): Tadeusz Wallas / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

By virtue of an administrative decision, the division of Polish academia into fields and disciplines was verified in 2011. It is owing to this process that political science, among others, was reassigned in Poland. Before September 30, 2011, political science was classified as one of the humanities, but later on it was included in the new field of the social sciences, created as a result of the division of the humanities. This decision started an ongoing discussion, also in the circles of political scientists, on the issue of how advisable this change is, and it has become an important task to confirm the thesis that this decision was substantially justified. It is assumed that political science as a discipline has more in common with other disciplines assigned to the social sciences than the humanities. Additionally, by way of developing a new register of academic fields and disciplines, the administrative divisions in Polish academia were to a large extent aligned with the classification of fields and disciplines adopted by the OECD, UNESCO and EUROSTAT, which will facilitate the internationalization of academic collaboration. The above organizations and institutions, and – consequently – some of their member states, have already divided the humanities, which used to be alternatively named social sciences, into two separate fields: the social sciences and the humanities. In order to justify the above-mentioned thesis, it was necessary to determine how academic specialization, discipline and field of science are perceived today; to indicate the essential divisions in academia; to attempt to de ne the specific nature of the humanities versus social sciences; and to present the relations of political science to the latter category. The assessment of how intensive these relations are, made it possible to confirm that the above-mentioned thesis is justified.

POLITICAL SYSTEMS THEORY AS A CONTRIBUTION TO HUMAN SCIENCES

Author(s): Andrzej Antoszewski / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

This text is a record of a speech given during the Third Polish Conference of Chairs and Departments of Political Systems. The main subject of this paper is the need to carry out research on political systems using diverse methods and takes, both legal and “humanistic”. The paper shows how important in terms of methodology it is to compare particular legal status with reality using examples when legal analysis is not sufficient, for example, on the account of social rebellion. The text identifies challenges that researchers of political systems face due to that fact. In this context is also discusses the problems related to studying such institutions as, for example, the Ukrainian Maidan.

Politologija i hrvatska politika. Transformacija istraživanja političkog sustava Hrvatske

Author(s): Nenad Zakošek / Language(s): Croatian / Publication Year: 0

Ovaj se ogled bavi pitanjem promjena što su se u politološkom istraživanju hrvatske politike dogodile tijekom posljednjih četvrt stoljeća. Razmišljanje o jednom segmentu hrvatske politologije ima dvostruku zadaću. Prva je metodološka refleksija promjena u pristupu istraživanju političkog sustava u hrvatskoj politologiji. Ta refleksija ima sasvim osoban značaj, budući da pišem sa stajališta istraživača koji i sam sudjeluje u pothvatu koji je predmetom razmatranja. Svjestan sam da stoga moja refleksija neminovno uključuje vrednovanje rezultata politološkog istraživanja koje je izraz mojih osobnih istraživačkih preferencija. Osim toga, element vrednovanja sadržan je i u selekciji relevantnih tema i tekstova koji se razmatraju, čime su zanemareni neki drugi pristupi i tekstovi koje bi možda valjalo uvrstiti u ovakvu refleksiju, ali su ispušteni jer su mi nepoznati ili nedostupni (referencije na kojima ogled počiva dane su na kraju rada). Druga je zadaća ovog ogleda didaktička: uvjeren sam da metodološka refleksija i opis osobnog iskustva mogu biti od koristi mlađim kolegama koji su na početku svoga istraživačkog puta i, prije svega, može im pomoći da razumiju dileme, poteškoće i ograničenja s kojima se u istraživanju hrvatske politike susretala moja generacija. Uvjeren sam da je rijetko što metodički toliko instruktivno kao uvid u osobno istraživačko iskustvo.