Нравствеността като изграждащ и променящ правото фактор

Author(s): Georgi Mihaylov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2021

This article studies the specific designation of morals under the conditions of a modern society. Due to the circumstances that morals are able to overcome differences between the social regulatory systems and to unite the perceptions of a regulatory framework, they have become a major contemporary metalegal regulator. Being a significant social regulator, morals also play a mediation role between law and other social regulatory systems. In this role of theirs, they make a substantial factor having an influence on building and changing legal prescriptions. Morals are also studied as a variable in the conditions of a dynamically developing society and changing conditions of living. Some models of behaviours, which were considered to be against moral only several decades ago, are nowadays regarded as completely normal.

Ню Ейдж като пастирска власт

(С. Кюркчиев, Психологически експертизи и грижата за себе си, Изток-Запад, 2019)

Author(s): Todor Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2020

book review

О КЊИГАМА И МИЛИОНИМА: ДА ЛИ НВО МОГУ НАТЕРАТИ ВЛАСТ ДА ОДГОВАРА ЗА СВОЈЕ ПОСТУПКЕ

Author(s): Danilo Vuković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2016

The article deals with social accountability, the role of civil society and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in establishing accountable government. I present the results of surveys conducted in Serbia and Cambodia in 2014. Research findings indicate that NGOs have minor impact on the setting up accountable government. In both countries we identified structural similarities: NGOs are depoliticized and deal with public policy, rather than political struggle; they are directed at individuals and not groups; they are dealing with informing, rather than mobilizing citizens; and are focused on cooperation, not conflict with the authorities. In addition, they fail to activate two groups of traditional mechanisms: (1) mainstream media and (2) traditional institutional mechanisms of government accountability. Those are exactly the assumptions for successful civic activism.

О патриотизме русской эмиграции: интерпретации и практики в 1940-х годах

Author(s): L. K. Ryabova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 33/2020

The patriotic moods in Russian emigration during World War II and in the first post-war years are less studied than those of the 1920s and 1930s. Patriotism manifested itself in various forms, and was reflected both in journalism and in behavioral practices. The attitude towards Russia ranged from support for the Soviet regime to defeatist appeals. The most objective position, albeit implacable in relation to the Soviet regime, was taken by New Journal, using materials of which the “cultures of patriotism” were mainly considered. Serious disagreements among the emigrant community raised questions of support for the USSR; questions of the global postwar structure and the fate of European democracies; and restoration of Russia’s former borders. A significant number of authors defended the “restoration” policy of the Soviet government toward lost territories. Others did not see danger in the policy of “containment” of the USSR. Fears of a possible territorial collapse of the country, in particular the separation of Ukraine, became one of the most striking manifestations of patriotism. In the field of practical actions, the experience of communication between emigrants and Soviet citizens who found themselves in Europe, and especially the movement for returning to the USSR, deserves attention.

О роли интеллигенции в индустриальной модернизации в СССР

Author(s): Violetta Kuzmina / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2014

Soviet party-and-state policy concerning involvement of culture and art figures to the solution of the industrial modernization problems in the USSR is analyzed. The culture and art figures used various forms and methods of the work with the population, indirectly aimed on speeding up the industrial modernization.

О СОЦИЈАЛНОЈ ПРАВДИ

Author(s): Peter Koller / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2005

Social justice is a fundamental idea of political thinking in modern times, an idea that is widely regarded as a supreme principle for the justification and critique of the legal and political order of contemporary societies. The article aims at explicating this idea by illuminating its conceptual, normative and empirical fundamentals. With this aim in view, it proceeds in four steps: First of all, it clarifies the conceptual framework in which the concept of social justice is embedded; secondly, it proposes a general definition of this concept; thirdly, it deals with the social goods that form the main object of social justice; and fourthly, it gives a rough summary of the most fundamental demands of social justice.

ОTFRIED HÖFFE’S THEORY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE

Author(s): Liudmyla Sytnichenko / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

The problem of justice, one of the key problems of contemporary political philosophy, is reconsidered in the light of a new paradigm: Оtfried Hoffe’s theory of transcendental exchange. The main research question is how this theory influences our understanding of the ways of formation of just moral and legal grounds in contemporary society. In order to understand justice adequately, it is important to regard it as personal responsibility, deeply related to attitudes of solidarity and recognition. There is an attempt to fuse moral and material grounds of social existence in order to overcome social injustice. Freedom and justice are rooted in the living world and are based on formal norms and procedures of morality and law. This gives us methodological grounds for understanding Hoffe’s philosophy of political justice, which regards freedom and justice as the main conditions of human existence.

ОБ’ЄДНАННЯ ГРОМАДЯН В УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ ДЕРЖАВОТВОРЧОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ

Author(s): Myroslava Filipovych,Yaroslav Yarosh / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 3/2018

Public associations and movements play an increasingly important role in social and political life. Unlike political parties, they do not claim to be directly involved in the exercise of power and do not fight for power. They are included in political activities to the extent necessary to meet the challenges in the economic, social, cultural, environmental and other fields.

Обнова религије у савременом друштву и њена улога у афирмацији културе мира

Author(s): Ljubiša R. Mitrović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2009

Strengthening and rise of religion in contemporary society represents an expression of structural crisis of the Long Wave and historical restauration, but it is also a very specific form of a spiritual critique of that crisis. Author focuses both on religion and the contemporary society, ie. The focus is on the relation between the crisis and the phenomenon of the strengthening of religion and retraditionalization, on one hand, as opposed to the processes of modernization and secularization on the other one. The author explores contemporary incongruities between a neoliberal model of transition and an asymmetric type of monocentric globalization, which have generated enormous social inequalities and discrepancies between the North and the South, between rich and poor social classes. It is in this context, the one characterized by globalization and fragmentation of contemporary society and socialdarwinization of social relations, that the author analyses the alienation of the man in contemporary world and present a critique of apologetic positivism in science and philosophy, focusing thereby especially on the manifest and latent role of religion in the contemporary world, and especially in European in the Balkans at that point. The author links the current rise of religion, and especially that of religious fundamentalism, to the blocked processes of modernization and development, making a point thereby that the transformation of religion from a tool of creative expression of human socio-psychological powers into a form of regressive destruction, is a result above all, of structural inequalities and various forms of social violence in the world; as a saying goes: “The sword takes the centre stage when justice fails or comes late.” The author put forward the thesis that the rise of religion represents not only a expression of crisis of the contemporary society, but that it also constitutes a tool of rebellion against the apology of the crumbling analytical mind and social injustice. The given phenomenon is therefore also a critique of the dehumanization of the man’s current state and an attempt at renewing theology of liberation. The author especially underlined the role of religion in development of the culture of peace, as well as that of the globalization of solidarity and understanding in the world, pointing thereby to the fact that there can be no global peace in the world that is devoid of global justice.

Образованието наспроти политичката манипулација

Author(s): Nano Ružin / Language(s): Macedonian / Issue: 7/2011

The article reviews the status and function of the education in different societal arrangements, through historical analysis and contextualisation of conditions in former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia to current conditions in independent Macedonia. The author gives special emphasis to the political manipulation, a phenomenon that is rarely analysed within the political sciences, but a practice which is more evident in recent days, though identification of examples in the current world political affairs, but also on the national political scene. In that relation, the author notes that young people should construct a critical spirit/approach that will challenge political speeches, demagogies, political influences and manipulations. For achievement of this goal, the author outlines the importance of tolerance, dialogue and education that promotes these skills, as key segments for the perspectives of young people in multi-ethnic societies.

Образовната сиромаштија како социјално - политичко и педагошко прашање

Author(s): Monika Šukala / Language(s): Macedonian / Issue: 7/2011

The article explores the relation between the social background, education and poverty. In doing so, the author gives review of definitions regarding educational poverty and its causes; outlines the meaning of different discussions of poverty and education in relation to socio-political and pedagogical measures, and also identifies the necessary reforms needed in this respect in Germany. The article also compares the similar conditions in different welfare state models in Europe. Factors that lead toward a permanent career of poverty are lower qualifications, lower education level and unemployment. In that relation, the author considers as necessary the expansion of educational infrastructure on pre-school and other school levels, which through the goals of social work and social pedagogy should not be only focused on those without or with lower education or those from lower social strata. In this context, social work and social pedagogy should be understood not only as complementary to the socio-political mainstream but as their critical corrective.

Общественно-политический выбор русского интеллигента: П. А. Кропоткин и анархистское движение

Author(s): Sergey V. Saytanov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2014

The problem of interrelation and influence of personal qualities of P. A. Kropotkin on his choice and joining such radical social and political direction as anarchism is considered. The defining factor in the choice between Marxism and anarchism was P. A. Kropotkin's personal rejection of the Marxist organization in Western Europe as non-corresponding to his intellectual principles, the author concludes.

Од модерне парадигме вођства ка пост-модерној парадигми вођства

Author(s): Đorđe S. Stojanović,Darko Gavrilović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2011

The paper analyzes different theoretical approaches to the phenomenon of leadership. It is noted that the modern paradigm tends to understand leadership as good management. This conceptual constellation, which is a product of industrial society, its culture and organization, emphasizes different styles and performance (effectiveness) measurement as the cardinal qualities of meaningful leadership. In contrast to such position, post-modern paradigm is determined in more substantive way, as the interaction between leaders and followers, marked by the intention to change, and based on ethical assumptions and non-coercive influence (persuasion). The new paradigm articulates the critical dimension of leadership, its communal, social and political aspects, and treats it as a way to overcome collective action problems.

Однос права и политике као друштвених подсистема и могућа (уставна) граница између њих

Author(s): Sava Aksić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2017

Originally social subsystems were not differentiated as a whole. Legal and political system were not defined and decisions to manage society, both in internal and external relations, were based on social superiority of its maker. Characteristics of state in which exists and functions legal system, is security status of citizens due to the predictability of the system norms, while, in relations which are regulated by political decisions there is no security status of citizens due to the fact that there could be different political acts in two of the same relations. Therefore, as long as there is possibility that the existence and function of the system is threatened by decisions of political authority, it will not be possible to achieve a significant level of legal security. The first and basic level of realization of the idea of the rule of law implies a restriction of administration in relation to the judiciary, and that, limitation in terms of the institutional impact of administrative – political bodies to judicial bodies, primarily in terms of the formation of the judicial authorities, as well as a limit in terms of the concept of administrative–political authority, ie. in terms of possible legal regulation of their work. Freedom in the work of political authority must not exceed the necessary level, and must be limited to levels below which would present level of development of the state and society policy would lose its sense of social self-regulation system. Thus, the restriction policy, and to do the necessary levels is the condition of modern country, because the situation undefined border policy is the first and basic stage of endangering the rule of law, and if such an ideological concept and add more real this fact, especially political power that the political authorities have in total absence of other control systems, such as morality, and especially political morality, autonomy of the legal system, and therefore the rights of citizens, will be compromised by politics. And the border between politics and the law must be established in a way reduce the number of relationships that are regulated by the political administration, and moved to the area of law, to the level at which legal security of citizens could not by policy to be compromised, but at the same time performance political regulation of society, by this this is not called into question. Given that the political regulation of society in the necessary extent still necessary, the success of the functioning of the social system, when it comes to respect law and policy, we believe the only possible way to legal restraint policy. The final resultant of this process would, therefore, consisted in the fact that the policy is necessary to be replaced by law to a certain evel, and necessary would be one level below which the policy ceased to exist as an independent way of regulation. This is the limit that would determined for each group of relationships specifically. And, given that the legal security of citizens can be provided by condition in which their social and economic status is ensured by the existence and functioning of the legal system, the interference of political authority is necessary to limit, that is to reduce to a necessary minimum. That can be done most efficiently through constitutional norms, as the highest, and as the norms which the adoption or change, executive authorities can not influence.

Односи с јавношћу у пост- индустријском друштву

Author(s): Dragan Subotić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 4/2009

In this paper author wrote on a relation – public relations – modern society that is defined as a post- industrial informative society of knowledge, information and high technological achievements. The author considers the modern society as a dynamic developmental and innovative complex of global society, including in it primarily a rapid development of modern technologies that are shaping the structure and dynamics of the society. In this sense the author determined the public relations as a theoretical, strategic and operative field providing for functionality, flexibility and profitability of the post- industrial society. The author also defined the role of mass-communications in shaping the public opinion, that is significant for the operative model of the public relations. The author also determined the public relations in the context of socio- political environment and global processes in the world.

Окружной центр Вэньшань (КНР): историко-этнографическое описание

Author(s): Alexey A. Zakurdaev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2018

This article is devoted to the historical and ethnographic description of the city of Wenshan — the administrative center of the Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. This city, unattractive from the point of view of tourism, has an important historical and cultural content, encoded in its name, and associated with the fate of many non-Han peoples inhabiting it, and with the dramatic history of the national policy of Chinese power in different dynastic periods. The author attempted to reveal this content and to introduce ethnographic and historical plots into the Russian science, to help the reader better understand the ethno-social processes that took place in the past of this city and the country as a whole. Special attention is paid to such political institutions as Tu si and Liu Guan. They are the systems of indirect and direct administration, which represented the confrontation, the periodic dominance of the manifestations of the local and the central authorities, which determined the form of management of peripheral territories, which is now used in China. The example of Wenshan, which appeared as a reaction to the conflict between Tu si and Liu Guan, gives us the opportunity to see the high price and value of peace in the history of the Chinese multiethnic society.

Олигархични политики в България и тяхното публично легитимиране

Author(s): Ivka Tsakova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2021

The content of the article refers to the period of “transition to a market economy and liberal democracy” in Bulgaria after 1989 and the unfolding oligarchization of politics under neoliberal capitalism. The problem posed in the title is clarified by applying the critical method derived from critical social theories (A. Gramsci, C. Crouch, D. Harvey, etc.). Based on working definitions of oligarchic power and oligarchic politics/policies, three ways for public legitimization of oligarchic policies in Bulgaria are outlined: a) redirection of public attention from interests to values; b) reaching a neoliberal consensus in the state, parties and civil society; c) oligarchic capture of the media through neoliberal propaganda.

Оснивање социјалдемократске партије Cрбије на крају процеса приватизације

Author(s): Dubravka Stajić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2010

In the paper author analyzed and evaluated the Social-Democratic Party of Serbia that had been established in December 2009 in Belgrade and attempted to make a prognosis regarding its role and place in society and political life in Serbia. Transition in Serbia, despite the warnings of numerous experts, has been going on paying the high price in the form of de-industrialization, high and permanent unemployment and poverty. The highest price was paid by the labor force in industry. Process of privatization that has been going on by the Law on Privatization has not provided for one of strategic objectives of economy: a strong domestic sector of small and middle-size companies (SMC), but instead it created a dependent economy ruled by a monopoly of multinational companies. In addition, due to the world economic crisis, the export process has stagnated, affecting the rise of the debt of the state in the period after 2008. In such situation, the Social-Democratic Party was established and in the paper the author analyzed and evaluated the program documents (Statutory Acts) that had been adopted on the party establishment congress. The programme encompasses all important questions of public life, including the reform of courts, local administration, social-market economy, improvement of the system of public health, education, cul¬ ture and environment. The programme of SDP also contains some strategic iedas on economic developement, including the public works and investments info the sector of energy and agriculture. It also suggests provision of more social help to single parents, unemployed people and old people. The author questioned how the money necessary for all these task could be provided without putting additional burden of public debt on the economy and all the citizens and suggested that the party took this issue into consideration, along with the attempt to help the economic growth of the state.

ОСНОВНІ НАПРЯМИ НОРМОПРОЕКТУВАЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МІНІСТЕРСТВА КУЛЬТУРИ УКРАЇНИ У СФЕРІ ОХОРОНИ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ СПАДЩИНИ

Author(s): Tamara Viktorivna Mazur,Ivan Mykolayovych Myshchak / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 2/2018

Purpose of the article is to analyze the normative drafting activity of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine, aimed at improving the legal support of cultural heritage protection in Ukraine; to formulate proposals to strengthen the legislative support of cultural heritage protection. Methodology. Methodological principles of research: historical method, which allowed to observe the genesis of the legal assistance of cultural heritage protection; methods of analysis and synthesis, its application assisted for judicial review of crucial normative acts, for detection of gaps in legal regulation; forecasting method allowed to make proposals and suggest perspective directions and concrete norms for legislation improvement in the cultural heritage protection sphere. Scientific novelty. Attention was paid to the main normative acts in the cultural heritage protection sphere; for the first time the normative drafting activity of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine aimed at improving the legal support of cultural heritage protection in Ukraine in accordance with current challenges and threats has been analyzed; ways of enhancing the legislative support of cultural heritage protection have been suggested. Conclusions. The analysis of the normative and legal assistance in the cultural heritage protection sphere testifies the need for its improvement by modern requirements and international obligations of our state. In addition to the necessary legislative update, the priority task of the Ministry of Culture, in cooperation with other bodies in the cultural heritage protection sphere, is the drafting of secondary legislation that will allow to eliminate legislation gaps, as well as clear instructions and methodological recommendations for the settlement of certain aspects of the memorials protection activity.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В ОБЛАСТИ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ И СПОРТА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Author(s): Yusup Digansheyevich Yakubov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2014

The paper analyzes central problems in the sphere of physical education and sports and their perception by the subjects of the Russian Federation when setting goals, formulating functions and tasks for the regional policy. Attention is focused on the problem of correspondence between the conceptual frameworks of sports policy at the regional and federal level. It is shown that the low efficiency of the current policy is largely due to the biased understanding of the problems in physical education and sports by regional authorities. In this situation interregional cooperation is required.