Identitatea religioasă şi alegerile prezidenţiale din 1996, 2004 şi 2014 din România

Author(s): Andrei Alexandrescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 09/2015

The current study assesses the role played by the references to the national and Orthodox identity in Romanian presidential election campaigns of 1996, 2004 and 2014. The working hypothesis, validated during the research, was that, when some of the candidates assumed a certain political identity which included the Orthodox religious dimension and support for certain issues on the agenda of the official church, the balance of popular vote didn’t change decisively.

Est-vest probleme vechi în haine noi

Author(s): Sabin Drăgulin,Angelo Chielli / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10/2015

The relation between the east and the west continues to be a main cultural, political and social topic. When we refer at this antinomy we think about a spatial opposition, a metaphor and a cultural and a civilizational cleavage. This spatial opposition which we can find in literature, arts, religions, ideologies, politics or mentalities, turns in metaphors and brutal realities

Politik mit der Abtreibung. Die Gesetzgebung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in der ehemaligen DDR

Author(s): Klaus Günther / Language(s): German Issue: 03/1992

Ein oberflächlich vergleichender Blick auf die Rechtsnormen zur Regelung des Schwangerschaftsabbruches, wie sie in den beiden deutschen Staaten gegolten haben und nach Abschluß des Einigungsvertrages in West- und Ostdeutschland jeweils in Kraft blieben1, legt eindeutige Urteile nahe. Die ostdeutsche Regelung scheint alle Merkmale einer Fristenregelung mit einem uneingeschränkten Entscheidungsrecht der Frau zu tragen, während das westdeutsche Gesetz den Vorrang des ungeborenen Lebens vor Rechten und Interessen der Frau festlegt, mit einigen Ausnahmen, den sogenannten »Indikationen«.

Middle Europa: Sense of (In)security

Author(s): Martin Ehl / Language(s): English Issue: 05/03/2016

The liberal approach to politics and to life is losing ground as populists take advantage of a fear of the unknown.

KATOLICYZM A LIBERALIZM. RECEPCJA LIBERALIZMU NA ŁAMACH WSPÓŁCZESNEJ, POLSKIEJ PRASY KATOLICKIEJ (WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA)

Author(s): Agata Tasak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2014

The subject of the analysis was the reception of liberalism in selected Polish Catho-lic newspapers – chosen in the context of frequently discussed differences between Polish Catholic communities. After 1989, liberalism was treated as a threat in certain Catholic communities. However, it may be assumed that the criticism concerned the liberalism understood in its stereotypical form. Liberalism was frequently and deeply criticised in “Niedziela” and “Gość Niedzielny.” It was associated with all the imperfec-tion and evil of the contemporary world. The Catholic community related to, among others, “Tygodnik Powszechny” attempted to conduct a dialogue with representative liberal thinkers, frequently emphasising the positive aspects of the most significant liber-al principles. The analysis of contemporary Polish Catholic press confirms the fact that the disputes depicted in the previous decade are still valid. Moreover, it might even be concluded that the rhetoric has sharpened and the boundaries demarcating the Catholic communities in their attitudes to liberalism have become more pronounced.

Social Populism and the Future of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Author(s): Vedran Obućina / Language(s): English Issue: 04+05/2015

Social welfare for the whole community is the basic tenet of Islamic social justice. In modern Islamic Republic of Iran it is also a strong political appeal, used by the successive Iranian governments. The core of the Islamic Revolution was not only ideological positioning of political Islam, but also the quest for social justice in a country characterized by economic inequality. Effects of the Iran-Iraq War, nepotism and corruption, system of bonyads, and inexperience in governance are basic difficulties of the Islamic Republic, together with social inequalities in urban-rural, women, youth, and ethnic minorities nexus.

The Middle East Cold War: Iran-Saudi Arabia and the Way Ahead

Author(s): Jugoslav Jozić,Athina Tzemprin,Henry Lambare / Language(s): English Issue: 04+05/2015

Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran are two of the Middle East’s regional powers. The rivalry between these two countries has long been a determinant factor in the shaping of geopolitics in the Persian Gulf. In this complex and conflicting relation their neighboring countries have often been the battlefield of proxy wars. The Arab Spring has brought dramatic changes in the Middle East. By elevating sectarian violence to an unprecedented level, the already tense religious fragmentation of the Arab countries was further polarized. This paper will first present a review of the factors underpinning the contest between the two countries, and after that, the current developments and the ways they impact the competition for regional supremacy in the Persian Gulf.

Lokalne polityki pamięci

Author(s): Łukasz Skoczylas / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The paper presents a new insight into the memory processes associated with memory politics at the local level. Firstly, the author opposes the identification of the term “memory politics” with the term “history politics”. Secondly, the author presents a proposal for analyzing public attempts to influence the collective consciousness of the past through the concept of local memory policies. This concept applies to territorial communities smaller than the state-society. The author shows the empirical application of this concept on the example of the city of Poznañ.

O postojanju Bog(ov)a u tramvaju 56

Author(s): Gérard Adam / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 20/2015

Četiri puta tjedno na stanici Anneessens ulazim u tramvaj 56 koji vrlo približno dolazi u 13.24, i odlazim obaviti kontrolu bolovanja na skveru Alberta I. Moji kolege, ovisnici o autima, nikad mi kad odlazim ne propuste drhtavim glasom reći ≫sretno!≪ i ≫samo hrabro!≪, kao da se uguravam u diližansu na teritoriju Apača koji se spremaju u rat. Istina je da, ukrcavši se u utrobi trga na kojem se svake večeri održava sajam homoseksualnog seksa, iz tunela izađem tek da bih prešao četvrt Cureghem, jednu od najzloglasnijih u prijestolnici, s reputacijom mjesta svakovrsnog šverca, istrgavanja torbica i car-jackinga.

Privlačnost muslimanskog raja za mučenike islama

Author(s): Anne-Marie Delcambre / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 20/2015

Islam, kao i kršćanstvo, ima svoje mučenike. Međutim, izraz mu čenik u te dvije religije upućuje na dvije vrlo različite i čak nepomirljive realnosti. U kršćanstvu mučenik pristaje trpjeti nasilje, ali ga sam ne provodi. U islamu, naprotiv, mučenik (šehit) je onaj tko svjedoči o svojoj vjeri boreći se (džihad).

Politikos ir tikėjimo sąsajos krikščioniškame pašaukime

Author(s): Vytautas Steponas Vaičiūnas,Aušra Eidukaitytė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 60/2016

The article revelas the links between politics and faith in Christian calling, discusses theological traditions on the relation between politics and religion, highlights the message of the Feast of Christ the King for the politicians of democratic states, defines the notion of political participation in Church’s teaching. By listening to Church’s teaching and carrying out God’s will and serving the society Christian laymen, citizens and politicians of democratic states must reconcile the interdependence of politics and faith.

BREAKING THE WAVES

Author(s): Denys Proshyn / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

David Rapoport’s Wave theory of terrorism is one of the most often cited theories in the literature on terrorist violence. Rapoport is praised for having provided researchers with a universal instrument which allows them to explain the origin and transformation of various historical types of terrorism by applying to them the concept of global waves of terrorist violence driven by universal political impulses. This article, testing the Wave theory against the recent phenomenon of homegrown jihadism in Europe, uncovers this theory’s fundamental weaknesses and questions its real academic and practical value.

The Scope and Limits of Employing Militant Democracy in Fighting Religious Extremism The Case Study of Foreign and Non-Traditional Religious Organizations in the Russian Federation

Author(s): Jasmin Hasić / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2014

This paper addresses the relationship between concepts of militant democracy, secularism, and extremist religious movements in the context of both theoretical and empirical case study analyses of non-traditional religious organizations in the Russian Federation. More precisely, the paper seeks to investigate the extent and the limits of restrictive measures imposed by a self-perceived democratic system in protecting itself against potentially subversive religious movements, while sacrificing the very essence of liberal democracy it was set out to protect. In answering this question, I focus on examining the guarantees which supporters of the militant democracy offer as reasoning for implementing anti-democratic measures (for instance, suspension of certain rights under the excuse of need for self-protection, “tolerance to the intolerant” etc.) as an adequate and necessary preemptive response against potential threats, and the effects that the implementation of these measures might have in undermining the substantive nature of democracy itself.

Konwencje Stolicy Apostolskiej z Republiką Litewską z 5 maja 2000 roku na tle konkordatów współczesnych z wybranymi państwami europejskim

Author(s): Maciej Mróz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2012

Egyház a szekularizált világban, evangélium az elvilágiasodó egyházban

Author(s): Géza Sógor / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2023

Nowadays, we often come across the concept of secularization. What did it mean in the past, and what does it mean today? This study explores the question, clarifies the terminology, outlines the brief history of the process, examines the biblical understanding of the phenomenon, identifies theological misconceptions, and sheds light on the possibilities, challenges, and tasks for Christian congregations within the process of secularization.

POLITYKA WŁADZ CHIŃSKICH A KOŚCIOŁY CHRZEŚCIJAŃSKIE 1949–2023

Author(s): Marek Tylkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2024

The present article is analyzing Chinese government policy towards Christian churches and itsinfluence on their development and activity. Due to different circumstances in different historical pe-riods the analyze is divided chronologically. The first part provides historical background to the maintopic of study. The second, explores the period from gaining power by the Chinese Communist Partyto the Cultural Revolution, which is the subject of the fourth part. Next the period between CulturalRevolution and obtaining power by the president Xi Jinping is under investigation. Afterwords theXi’s era until the present time is analyzed. The article is ending by conclusions.

Roberto Spaemanno kontrrevoliucinės politinės teologijos kritika

Author(s): Linas Jokubaitis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 3 (115)/2024

The aim of the article is to prove that Robert Spaemann’s interpretations of the inversion of teleology, Bonald’s political theology and nihilism of the right can be applied in a critical analysis of Carl Schmitt’s decisionistic counterrevolutionary political theology. Schmitt formed his theoretical positions by developing the insights of the doctrines of Thomas Hobbes and Catholic counterrevolutionary political theorists. Spaemann’s analysis shows that the author of Leviathan presented a political theory based on the inversion of teleology in which self-preservation was understood as the highest aim of politics. Bonald’s political theology radicalizes the Hobbesian tradition, the necessity to preserve social order at any price becomes the absolute goal of politics. In a functionalistic ontology of nihilistic right which is based on the inversion of teleology, Christian belief is functionalised, it becomes a tool which is used in attempts to secure the preservation of society. Spaemann’s critical interpretation of political nihilism shows that Schmitt’s political theology can be understood as a reaction to the nihilism of the left, however, it asserts the position of the nihilism of the right in which the aim of the state is understood by absolutising the principle of in suo esse perseverare.

POLITYZACJA RELIGII – SAKRALIZACJA POLITYKI, CZYLI POLSKI POPULIZM PRAWICOWY JAKO EFEKT WSPÓŁPRACY PRAWA I SPRAWIEDLIWOŚCI I KOŚCIOŁA KATOLICKIEGO

Author(s): Agnieszka Kasińska-Metryka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2024

Polish right-wing populism developed after 2015, when the Law andJustice party won the parliamentary elections. This victory also affected the positionof the Catholic Church in Poland. Despite the constitutional principle of separation ofsecular and ecclesiastical power, the Church has become a beneficiary of systemic changes(reforms of law consistent with religious values) and, above all, it has received importantfinancial benefits.The aim of the article is to verify the hypothesis about the specificity of Polish right--wing populism as an effect of synergy created through the interaction of secular and eccle-siastical authorities. The phenomena of the politicization of religion and the sacralizationof politics were carried out on the principle of „connected vessels”, even in spite of the dia-gnosed social changes, such as the growing secularization of the young generation of Poles.Reaching for the same populist instruments allowed for a comparative study of the impactof Law and Justice and the Catholic Church on Polish society in the years 2015-2023. Thebackground for the deliberations is the transformation of Polish liberal democracy.

Orta Çağ’da Devlet: Hristiyan Batı Avrupa’da

Author(s): Etem Çalik / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2025

In the Middle Ages, the state will be structured in a different way from the Early Ages and will take on a religious color in both the Christian and Islamic worlds. However, again unlike the societies of the Early Ages, those representing the political authority would not have a sacred, religious identity; the function of representing religion would pass to the popes and priests. With these functions, the popes will act as a tutelary authority over the political powers and this dual leadership in Western European states will continue until the middle of the New Age. Instead of directly seizing political power, Christian clergy preferred to control it. Thus, they kept both religious and political power under their control. From time to time, political powers attempted to break the influence of the clergy. However, they failed every time. Because the clergy had the trump card of excommunication. This was how they neutralized the political power holders who attempted to break their authority. For those who were not in political power (mostly scientists who shook the Christian faith with new scientific discoveries), they used the Inquisition courts. With the emergence of the Renaissance in the 15th century and the Reformation in the 16th century, the authority of the popes began to be questioned in Western Europe, and it was only in the second half of the 17th century that these movements were able to achieve their goals.

Habibi Come to Doha: Evaluating the Modernisation Process of Qatar from the Perspective of Multiple Modernities Paradigm

Author(s): Ayşe Nur Kanli / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The aim of this research is to shed light on the modernisation process of Qatar as the research question has been formulated as “is it possible to evaluate the modernising path of Qatar from the viewpoint of a theory?”. The importance of the study lies in its potential to address an important gap in the literature as there is a lack of research relating to Qatar’s modernisation process from a theoretical perspective, particularly from the lenses of multiple modernities paradigm (MMP). For conducting this case study, a disciplined configurative approach has been the underlying strategy as the aim was to differentiate it from a pure narrative. The basic assumption prevalent throughout the article has been the idea that religion should not be seen as a hindrance to following a path towards modernity.