Noi interpretări privind evoluția organizării bisericești pe teritoriul provinciei romane Scythia în secolul al VI-lea p.Chr.

Author(s): Ionuţ Holubeanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 53/2020

The subject of this paper is the evolution of the ecclesiastical organization in the Roman province of Scythia during the 6th century. Examinating the documentary and archaeological evidence together, the author assumed that Scythia ceased to be an exception in terms of ecclesiastical organization (i.e. an only see – that of Tomis – for the whole province) during the first part of Justinian I's reign (527-565), most likely in 536,when at least 14 ordinary bishoprics were organized in its main cities. Other new ecclesiastical sees were organized in the province during the second half of the 6th century, as it happened in the neighboring Roman province of Moesia Secunda.

Encore une fois sur la datation et l'organisation des moines dans le monastère rupestre de Murfatlar (dép. de Constanța)

Author(s): Georgi Atanasov / Language(s): French Issue: 53/2020

The rock monastery is located in the Romanian territory of Dobrogea, near the town of Murfatlar, 20 km west of Constanta. Based on pottery, paintings and graffiti, as well as numerous signs, its appearance was improved until the last quarter of the 9th century and was abandoned in the last quarter of the 10th century (especially after Prince Svetoslav's Russian campaign against the Bulgarian kingdom in 971). There are several monastic practices - a monastery in the eastern sector and a monastery in a dormitory in the western sector E. The earliest church is B1 and the late monastery in sector B. More than 50 rock churches and monasteries have been found in Dobrogea, but Murfatlar is unique in terms of plans and monastic practices.

Politički subjekti u odnosu prema reformnom pokretu i starokatolicizmu – političko djelovanje radi slabljenja Katoličke Crkve u Kraljevini SHS-u do 1929. godine (I.)

Author(s): Daniel Patafta / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 4/2020

The Croatian Old Catholic Church was founded at the end of 1923 as a failed attempt by the reform movement of part of the lower ranked Catholic clergy, which in the period from 1919 to the end of 1923 sought to reform and democratize the Catholic Church in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, but also at the encouragement of Belgrade governments, initially the independent democrats of Svetozar Pribićević, associated with the Freemasons, and later the Greater Serbia Radical Party, which gave it direct and indirect support in institutionalization and expansion, thus showing its antagonism to Catholicism. All political entities until 1929 that supported the reform movement and the Croatian Old Catholic Church did so out of political opportunism in order to weaken the social and political influence of the Catholic Church among the Croatian people, but also out of their own ideological beliefs.

Księga odpustów wrocławskich, oprac. i wyd. Halina Manikowska

Author(s): Roman Czaja / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2019

Review of: Roman Czaja - Księga odpustów wrocławskich, oprac. i wyd. Halina Manikowska, Warszawa 2016, Instytut Historii PAN, ss. 226

Sprawa compositio inter status w czasie rokoszu sandomierskiego (1606–1609)

Author(s): Agnieszka Pawłowska-Kubik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2020

The article focuses on the issue of the composition between the estates during the Sandomierz Rebellion (Rokosz) (1606–09). The postulate to resolve the most critical points of contention between the Roman Catholic clergy and the nobility, raised many times before the conflict, was in the years 1606–09 one of the elements of the program both of Sigismund III’s opponents and of the King’s supporters. The article analyses the efforts made by all interested parties to implement the compositio during the civil war and on this basis, determines why it was not adopted.

O kulturze polemik religijnych i powstaniu świadomości wyznaniowej. Uwagi na marginesie pracy Magdaleny Luszczynskiej, Politics of polemics. Marcin Czechowic on the Jews

Author(s): Maciej Ptaszyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2020

The article deals with a monograph by Magdalena Luszczynska devoted to Marcin Czechowic, one of the most important anti-Trinitarian theologians of the late sixteenth century. The article sets the book against the backdrop of literature on the anti-Trinitarians in Poland and studies of Czechowic. While criticizing the monograph for its narrow source and methodological basis, it offers a new look at the key aspects of the theologian’s life. The central thesis of the article is that the category of religious awareness allows for a different approach to this Protestant’s conversion.

Drogi duchowe kat olicyzmu polskiego XVII wieku, red. Alina Nowicka-Jeżowa

Author(s): Filip Wolański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2020

Review of: Filip Wolański - Drogi duchowe katolicyzmu polskiego XVII wieku, red. Alina Nowicka-Jeżowa, Warszawa 2016, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, ss. 538 (Kultura Pierwszej Rzeczypospolitej w dialogu z Europą. Hermeneutyka wartości, t. 7)

Nadbiskup Stadler i financije

Author(s): Franjo Topić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 119/2021

Review of: Franjo TOPIĆ - Milenko Krešić, Nadbiskup Stadler i financije: gradnje, nekretnine, poslovi (220 stranica), izdanje: Katolički bogoslovnoi fakultet iz Sarajeva i Glas Koncila iz Zagreba (2021)

Od redakcji

Author(s): Leszek Poleszak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

Editorial "Sympozjum" 2(41) (2021).

Sprawozdanie z sympozjum naukowego „W służbie życiu i miłości”, Kraków, 28 października 2021 roku

Author(s): Leszek Poleszak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

Report from the scientific symposium In the service of life and love, Krakow, October 28th, 2021

A Discourse on Machiavelli’s New Rome

Author(s): Davorin Žagar / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2021

In the first part of the paper the author presents the key theses of Vickie Sullivan’s reading of Machiavelli. Sullivan argues that, in order to prevent corruption, Machiavelli innovatively reworks elements of Christian teaching for entirely temporal purposes and offers a specific, modern solution, ‘new Rome’, in the form of an irreligious, fearful republic which early and effectively punishes the ambitious few seeking to establish tyranny. In the internal realm of the city, the Florentine reduces class desires of the plebs and the greats under the common goal of acquisition. A bellicose, tumultuous republic satisfies the desires of all the social actors, resulting in a lasting political order. In the second part the author critically engages with Sullivan’s interpretation, drawing on Claude Lefort’s interpretation of Machiavelli. Surprisingly, Lefort’s groundbreaking work on Machiavelli has been absent in Straussian readings of the Florentine. By highlighting the authentically democratic nature of Machiavelli’s project, in contrast with Sullivan’s reading, an entirely different ‘new Rome’ arises on the horizon.

Karling, Mänd ja Notke

Author(s): Anneli Randla / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 03+04/2021

Artikkel avab Getty uurimisinstituudis professor Sten Karlingi isikuarhiivis asuva Ottomar Männi 1941. aastal koostatud käsikirja „Bernt Notke Tallinna altari probleeme“ konteksti. Selgitatakse välja teksti autor ning tema seosed Tartu Ülikooli ja Sten Karlingiga. Analüüsitakse, kuidas Karling on käsikirja kasutanud ning millised on Ottomar Männi tegevuse mõjud Püha Vaimu kiriku retaabli füüsilisele kehandile.

Bernard z Clairvaux, Tomasz z Akwinu i uświęcenie Najświętszej Maryi Panny

Author(s): Bogusław Kochaniewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 28/2021

The article entitled Bernard of Clairvaux, Thomas Aquinas and the sanctification of the Blessed Virgin Mary is devoted to the controversy surrounding the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, which was revealed in Letter 174 written to the Canons of Lyon by the Cistercian Abbot. The arguments formulated in it were adopted by St. Thomas Aquinas and used in the theological debate, thus influencing the shaping of the position regarding the sanctification of Mary at the beginning of her earthly life. This contribution highlights the influence of Bernard of Clairvaux on Aquinas’ position on the sanctification of the Virgin Mary, which until now has seemed to be overlooked in the literature.

Czy eutanazja to „dobra śmierć”? Orędzie listu Samaritanus bonus w świetle doświadczeń doktor Elizabeth Kübler-Ross

Author(s): Piotr Skiba / Language(s): Polish Issue: 28/2021

An issue that constantly raises questions and doubts is death and the process of the person’s dying preceding it. Everyone wants to die “well”, that is, happily, calmly and with dignity. This human desire was expressed by the ancient Greek term “euthanasia”. In today’s times of dehumanization and technicization of good and dignified medicine, death is understood differently. Above the principle of the sanctity of life, what counts is its quality and the freedom to decide about it. Faced with these challenges, the Church reminds in the published letter Samaritanus bonus that contemporary moral problems related to the end of human life must be looked at in the spirit of the Gospel, in terms of personalism and traditional Hippocratic ethics, emphasizing and protecting the value of every human person. An example of a Samaritan service to the dying is Dr. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross. Her experience shows that today it is necessary to return to the original understanding of the concept of “euthanasia” that can be achieved through palliative care, for “mercy killing”, in which showing mercy involves deliberately killing patients, does not solve the problem of “good” dying.

Polityka religijna cesarzy Pawła I i Aleksandra I w sprawie Kościoła grecko-unickiego w południowo-zachodnim terytorium Imperium Rosyjskiego

Author(s): Viktoria Bilyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 28/2021

The article analyzes the religious policy of the Russian emperors Paul I and Alexander I regarding the Greco-Uniate Church in Volyn, Kyiv and Podil provinces. It was clarified that during the reign of these emperors, the pressure on the Uniates was eased, and it helped to restore the Greco-Uniate parishes and increase the number of parishioners of this Church. Also shown the government measures aimed at removing the Greek-Uniate Church from the influence of the Roman Catholic Church.

Ambony protestanckie w gotyckich kościołach w Osiekach i Suchej Koszalińskiej

Author(s): Henryk Romanik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2021

Pomeranian churches combine elements of the medieval Gothic tradition and furnishings from the Lutheran Reformation era. Such examples can be found in two temples, the history of which dates back to the times of the mission of religious orders in the Koszalin region. The original relics of the original furnishings are very rare, but relatively many elements of Protestant sacred art have been preserved. Two pulpits located on the new tourist route between Darlowo (Darłowo) and Sianow (Sianów) attract particular attention. The pulpit in Osieki belongs to the family of late-Renaissance pulpits (c. 1660) with an architectural structure with figural and sometimes painted decorations. An interesting fact here is the inscriptions of the chronostychonic co¬nvention, which encode chronological information in the writing of letters as Roman numerals. Unfortunately, during the last conservation works, the information from the parish chronicle published before World War II was not used. Documented biblical sentences originally placed under the parapet and in the panels under the statues of the apostles have not been recreated. The rococo pulpit (1729) in Sucha Koszalinska (Sucha Koszalińska) is even more rooted in the scriptural tradition. Here, the decoration of the canopy and the pulpit’s basket are a dozen medallions with biblical quotations, which fully express the ideological program rooted in the prophetic and apostolic books. The only figure is the image of Christ the Savior of the World, and on the top of the canopy we have the image of the Holy Spirit’s dove. Both pulpits deserve the attention of art and liturgical historians, and after the necessary conservation works, they can become a tourist attraction of the coastal microregion.

Obraz Stolicy Apostolskiej i papieży na łamach Głosu Pomorza i Głosu Koszalińskiego w latach 1972–1989

Author(s): Andrzej Rybak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2021

The press, as a medium of mass communication of news and specific ideological and educational content, was to raise the level of social awareness of the population, its culture and knowledge, including religion and the Catholic Church, in the spirit of the prevailing ideology. The image of the Holy See and the popes from 1972–1989 emerging from the texts under discussion shows these entities as political institutions. At that time, words were selected, quoted and even paraphrased in press articles from the public appearances of popes and representatives of the Roman Curia so that they were consistent with the views of the Polish United Workers’ Party or served its propaganda. At the level of the highest hierarchy in particular, allies were perceived, and attempts were also made to present them in this way. An analysis of the texts devoted to the Church showed that the Church was treated as too serious and independent a force to openly criticize it. Therefore, especially in the 1980s, the perspective of dialogue with the Church was adopted. In criticism, the Church was sometimes presented in opposition to the communist state, and this concerned, inter alia, hierarchy of values, social rights, references to countries with other political systems.

Z wizytą w Muzeum II Wojny Światowej

Author(s): Jarosław Wąsowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2021

Unități Polilexicale Stabile Generale și Echivalentele Lor. Originea Biblică.

Author(s): Angela Savin-Zgardan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/2020

Phraseology as well as the lexis is constantly evolving, so its object of study must be viewed both synchronously and diachronically. For this reason, in the present article, we propose to analyze the stable polilexical units (SPUs) from the point of view of the extralinguistic causes that motivate the emergence of the stable polilexical units in the Romanian language (Primary stage). Linguists suggest different ways of classifying them. We consider that it does not matter whether the SPUs are borrowed, calqued or have entered the language in a cultured way. All these SPUs are of foreign origin and for this reason must be considered common for a large number of languages. In this study, we will address phraseological units and set expressions that have a biblical origin. These stable polilexical formations entered the language when there was the need to name the given reality. However, the motivation of their use is determined by the degree of culture and the familiarity with fiction of the person concerned. Below we propose the general approach to SPUs of biblical origin with their equivalents in French, Russian and Bulgarian.

Structuri metaforice implicând substantive deverbale, reperabile în textele-acatist

Author(s): Ecaterina Braguta / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 3/2021

Orthodox hymnography comprises a wide variety of musical-poetic structures. Among them, the akathist stands out both in terms of size and aesthetic features or in terms of frequency of use in the practice of prayer. From the point of view of linguistic interest, we notice the abundance of deverbal nouns in the structure of the akathists, present at all levels of text structure. The multifunctionality of the deverbal nouns within this type of text also includes the aesthetic dimension of the hymn. In the current article we will focus on the dominant metaphorical structures, formed on the basis of deverbal nouns, which highlight fundamental concepts of Christianity.