Rola kobiet w życiu religijnym. Przykład udziału młodych Atenek w kulcie

Author(s): Anna Kruszyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2017

This paper pertains to participation of young Athenian girls in rituals. Some researchersperceive these rites as initiation rites. The Athenian girls’ participation in rites-related dutiesshows how important they were not only for the Athenian girls, but also for women ingeneral. The ritual was treated as a substitute of men’s public activity. We can divide theAthenian girls’ participation into two categories: rites in which they played the main role,and rites in which their role was auxiliary or simply marginal.

Wstęp do hebrajskiego wydania Lalki Bolesława Prusa

Author(s): Alina Molisak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2017

-

Strzelba Sienkiewicza. Wstęp do badań nad praktykami myśliwskimi autora Trylogii

Author(s): Wacław Forajter / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

In the article, Pierre Bourdieu’s “habitus” theory is employed to discuss Henryk Sienkiewicz’s hunting practices. Particular attention is devoted to the way the writer defines the concept of “masculinity” and its relationships with hunting skills. The author also points to the compensatory nature of this type of practices in the context of the nineteenth-century transformations of the social structure, the Polish political situation and the biography of the author of With Fire and Sword.

Adam Schaff – droga do komunizmu (1913–1939)

Author(s): Mateusz Kuryła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2018

The article describes the youth and adolescence of Adam Schaff in the years 1913–1939.Taking into account the context of Polish-Jewish relations during the former AustrianPartition, the author presents Schaff’s growing up in the interwar Lviv and his gradualinvolvement in the communist movement, which led him to become a member of the youthwing of the Communist Party of Poland and the party itself, and his several-month imprisonmentin 1937. In addition to the factual reconstruction of the Polish philosopher’s life,the article aims to answer the question: what were the main motives that made Adam Schaffa communist? This question can be considered in at least two ways – as an individual choiceof Schaff himself, but also as a case study of the entire generation of Polish-Jewishcommunists described, for example, by Jaff Schatz.

Rozpisywanie Brzozowskiego. O Literaturze jako spotkaniu Elizy Kąckiej

Author(s): Sylwia Borowska-Kazimiruk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2018

Les colliers de type ‘barmy’ et l’art des orfèvres de la Rus’ kiévienne.

Author(s): Natalia Rudyka / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2018

The present article describes the barmy – necklaces of medallions – as part of the art of the Kievan Rus’ goldsmiths, while also grouping them into categories. Such systematic studies of each type of jewellery should, over time, give a new image of the Kievan Rus’ goldsmith’s work and present it as a multidimensional phenomenon: archaeological, historical, and artistic. The two categories of barmy presented here are, on the one hand, the gold enamel medallions decorated according to the cloisonné technique, and on the other hand, the silver barmy decorated in the niello technique. These pieces have already been well studied, but there are no publications entirely devoted to them that would discuss all the achievements in this field, in order to present new research perspectives. In drawing the state of the art of the question—but also in speaking of other types of Kievan jewellery, the author attempts to address problematic questions of who wore these jewels, who designed them, and what techniques were employed. The answers to these questions are still unclear today, but they are a first step towards identifying the solutions.

The Liturgical Silverware Donated by Boyar Șerban II Cantacuzino to his Main Monastic Foundations

Author(s): Carmen Tănăsoiu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Le boyard Şerban ii Cantacuzino était l’un des fils du grand spathaire Drăghici Cantacuzino, l’un des frères du prince Şerban Cantacuzino (1679-1688). Şerban ii Cantacuzino le Măgurean a été grand maître des chevaux (1692-1696), grand échanson (1700-1703) et grand juge, une dignité qu’il a occupée entre le 1er septembre 1706 et le 18 juin 1709, le jour de sa destitution. Il a été un collaborateur important du prince Constantin Brancovan (1688-1714). La présente étude est consacrée à une analyse de certains objets qui font maintenant partie des collections du Musée National d’Art de Roumanie, lesquels ont été donnés par Şerban ii Cantacuzino aux monastères de Comana, Hurezi et d’autres établissements religieux auxquels il était lié de par sa famille. Il s’agit du plateau d’Augsbourg, portant une inscription qui concerne des faits historiques; du lacrymatoire de Comana, trouvé dans la tombe de sa fille; du kivotos vénitien cylindrique de Comana; de l’enkolpion de Hurezi; et de quelques plateaux pour le pain consacré qu’il a donnés aux monastères fondés par les Cantacuzino et Brancovan. La recherche met en évidence le contexte historique de ces dons, ainsi que le lien entre eux, de même que l’établissement d’une chronologie de la vie de Şerban ii Cantacuzino (en confrontation avec un manuscrit miscellané de la Bibliothèque de l’Académie Roumaine). On traite également de l’identification des ateliers et des artisans qui ont exécuté ces objets; du modèle du kivotos cylindrique de Comana (très semblable à celui offert à l’Hurezi par le higoumène Mitrofan à la même époque) ; de l’origine de ces deux pièces, de leur forme inhabituelle pour l’espace roumain, de leur rôle symbolique dans le contexte de la synthèse artistique roumaine de cette période et de la manière dont chacun des deux kivotos représente l’expression d’un projet politique de la cour princière.

Some Aspects of the History of the 18th-Century. Greek-Catholic Stone Churches in the Area around Baia Mare (Nagybánya)

Author(s): Szilveszter Terdik / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

L’établissement des institutions de l’Église grecque-catholique à Baia Mare (mag. Nagybánya) et à Baia Sprie (mag. Felsőbánya) a réellement commencé au cours du dernier quart du xviiie siècle. Sur les dix doyennés de l’évêché de Moukatcheve (mag. Munkács), situés sur le territoire de comté de Szatmár, deux ont été nommés pour cette ville minière. Cette région proche du Maramureș (mag. Máramaros) et de la Transylvanie est devenue une partie intégrante du comté de Maramureș au milieu du xxe siècle. Cette réorganisation administrative a fait croire à plusieurs spécialistes roumains – de même qu’au grand public – que le patrimoine matériel greccatholique de la région pourrait être traité ensemble avec le patrimoine culturel régional de Maramureș. La présente étude montre que des églises en pierre grecques-catholiques de la fin du xviiie siècle présentent des particularités locales que l’on rencontre aussi à Baia Sprie, Cetăţele (mag. Györkefalva) et Tăuţii de Sus (mag. Giródtótfalu). La maçonnerie des églises est très simple, dépourvue de détails architecturaux complexes, mais cette pauvreté est parfois compensée par des toitures monumentales. Une toiture mansardée a été montée à Cetăţele, tandis que l’église de Tăuţii de Sus a une énorme flèche. La première partie de l’étude propose une révision des données sur l’histoire de ces églises à la lumière des sources découvertes dans les anciennes archives de l’éparchie de Moukatcheve au cours des dernières années. La deuxième partie est consacrée à des analyses détaillées des iconostases des églises de Baia Sprie et Cetăţele. La comparaison des deux ensembles révèle qu’ils ont été réalisés par les mêmes ateliers. En ce qui concerne la critique du style, leurs peintres sont identifiés comme « Ştefan de Şişeşti » ; en ce qui concerne leurs sculpteurs, aucune donnée n’a encore été trouvée à ce jour. Une particularité des deux iconostases réside dans le fait que non seulement les portes royales battantes et certaines structures ornementales sont chantournées, mais ces chantournements caractérisent également l’arrière-plan des icônes dans l’axe central, ainsi que celui des apôtres et des prophètes. Quant à la représentation de Dieu le Père, elle est en relief. L’Auteur suggère que ces choix peuvent représenter une innovation dans la qualité esthétique qui ne pouvait être achevée que dans les intérieurs lumineux des églises en pierre. Dans le cadre de la présente étude, des tentatives ont été faites pour explorer les antécédents et les parallèles de ce phénomène sur le territoire de l’éparchie de Moukatcheve.

La mise en œuvre des peintures médiévales. Dialogue avec Carolina Sarrade, archéographe

Author(s): Carolina Sarrade / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2018

Les ‘Ateliers Museikon’ (ii) UN PARI 21-28 mai 2018

Author(s): Ana Dumitran / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Archaeological and architectural evidence of social change in 13th–17th century Dongola

Author(s): Włodzimierz Godlewski / Language(s): English Issue: XXVII/2018

The article reviews the body of archaeological and architectural evidence for social transformation taking place in Dongola during the period from the end of the 13th through the end of the 17th century, the uppermost stratum uncovered by Polish archaeologists excavating the ruins of the medieval seat of Makurian kings. Domestic architecture from the late 14th through 17th centuries and the artifactual finds from these dwellings, which were built on top of the ruins of the Makurian capital, demonstrate the character and extent of changes in the education, culture and religion of the inhabitants of the city from the Funj period.

The lamp from Kortina near Koper and other bronze lamps of the Adria type

Author(s): Andrej Preložnik / Language(s): English Issue: XXVIII/2019

The unusual bronze lamp discovered in test excavations in 1952 in Kortina near Koper represents the so-called Adria type occurring in the Caput Adriae area in late medieval times and in the early modern age. Scarce archaeological data are supplemented and combined with ethnological and art historical evidence. The appearance and functionality are well explained by ethnographic parallels, whereas the artistic depiction sheds light on various manners of their use. Such a multidisciplinary analysis gives a deeper and at the same time broader approach to this interesting object of cultural heritage.

Lamps with “temple façade” decoration: witness to urban vitality in the northern and western Black Sea and the ties with Constantinople

Author(s): Laurent Chrzanovski,Denis Zhuravlev,Florin Topoleanu / Language(s): English Issue: XXVIII/2019

The architectural motif in the form of an arch-oncolumns, the titular “temple facade”, decorating the discus of late antique lamps, has been the subject of debate and various interpretations of the meaning without reference to the rendering or the lamp type. An examination of known examples of lamps with this particular motif has identified four different lamp type variants and two main renderings of the decoration. Ovoid lamps bearing a representation of an arch-on-columns, the most numerous among the finds, come mostly from Constantinople and nearby cities, the Black Sea coast and the Danubian sites, the sole exceptions being Egypt (where they appear also in a late variant), Cyprus and Byblos. Reconstructing the distribution of these types and renderings has introduced some “order” into the existing hypotheses and highlighted issues connected with understanding the booming economy of the Pontic area as well as the recently rebuilt Danubian limes fortresses, during their apex, in the 5th and 6th centuries AD. It has also contributed to the discussion aimed at ending the widespread use of the term “Balkan lamps” for products that represent the output of Pontic and Danubian workshops influenced by the Imperial capital in Constantinople.

Some Hellenistic and late Roman terracotta lamps in the Sinop Archaeological Museum in northern Turkey

Author(s): Gülseren Kan Şahin,Eray Aksoy / Language(s): English Issue: XXVIII/2019

The paper considers some terracotta lamps from recent rescue excavations by the Sinop Archaeological Museum in ancient Sinope, classifying them by types and chronological groups, from the 2nd century BC to the 7th century AD. The lamps represent part of the local lamp-making tradition, which is underinvestigated although equally important as the amphora production industry in this eastern Paphlagonian city.

Alexandria Kom el‑Dikka. Excavations and preservation work in the 2018 season

Author(s): Grzegorz Majcherek / Language(s): English Issue: XXVIII/2019

The 2018 season saw a continuation of research on Roman housing and urbanism in Alexandria. Excavations were focused in the central area of the Kom el-Dikka site, where some early to mid-Roman structures (2nd–3rd centuries AD) were explored. The uncovered part of the building seems to combine domestic and commercial functions. A couple of shops opening onto the street were identified. Evidence of artisanal production of glass beads was also recognised in the post-occupation phase. Post-processing of the finds (pottery, glass vessels, painted wall plaster and coins) was continued. The paper also brings an overview of the preservation program, which was limited this season to maintenance conservation of structures seriously threatened by unfavourable climatic conditions (mainly the Baths and auditoria).

Conservation work in Marina el-Alamein in 2018 (Polish–Egyptian Conservation Mission)

Author(s): Anna Selerowicz,Piotr Zambrzycki / Language(s): English Issue: XXVIII/2019

The article presents the program and results of continuous monitoring and preservation of historic architectural structures after the winter period at the site of Marina el-Alamein in Egypt, carried out by the Polish-Egyptian Conservation Mission. The program embraced studies of ancient plaster, polychromy and execution techniques employed for producing elements of sculptural and architectural decoration, as well as conservation of archaeological artifacts.

Central Asian köshks from the Islamic period before the Mongol conquest: fortified, semi-fortified or unfortified?

Author(s): Piotr Piekarz / Language(s): English Issue: XXVIII/2019

In their external appearance, the Islamic-period köshks in Central Asia, especially the characteristic buildings with corrugated outer walls, dated broadly speaking from the 7th–8th century AD to the times of the Mongol conquest at the beginning of the 13th century, are apparently fortified. However, they lack a number of features characteristic of defensive buildings. Their interpretation as residential structures in this period is indisputed, hence their apparent defensiveness has been attributed to a line of evolution from pre-Islamic architecture of this type, which played a military role. A review of various defensive elements present in these structures, compared with buildings from an earlier period, highlights this process. An apparent exception is the Great Kyz Kala at Merv, Turkmenistan, which may have not lost its defensive capacity immediately, as recent research by the UCL Institute of Archaeology Ancient Merv Project has demonstrated.

Restoration of the Lion of Allat statue from Palmyra after the 2015 devastation

Author(s): Bartosz Markowski / Language(s): English Issue: XXVIII/2019

The Lion of Allat statue from the Temple of Allat in Palmyra suffered extensive damages during the 2015 devastation of monuments in the ancient oasis city. Discovered in the mis 1970s, it was reconstructed in 1977 and then preserved again in a new arrangement that recalled the original context of the statue in 2005. In 2017 and 2018, the statue was recreated once again in the gardens of the National Museum in Damascus. The article traces the restoration process, providing detailed data on the current condition of this monumental statue.

Međunarodni znanstveni skup Corpus, carnalitas…: o tijelu i tjelesnosti u povijesti na jadranskom prostoru

Author(s): Ante Bećir / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 60/2021

Preko Zoom aplikacije održan je 20. i 21. svibnja 2021. godine 10. Istarski povijesni biennale, međunarodni znanstveni skup s temom Corpus, carnalitas…: o tijelu i tjelesnosti u povijesti na jadranskom prostoru = Corpo e corporeità nella storia dell’area adriatica = The Body and Corporality in the history of the Adriatic.

Документална реконструкция на слабо изследвани моменти от историята на киното, свързани с Балканите

Author(s): Gergana Doncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2020

A presentation of the Peter Kardjilov’s book The Cinematographic Activities of Charles Rider Noble and John Mackenzie in the Balkans (Volume One). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2020.