Analiza krize francuskog franka
Extract from the issue 1/1938 of the journal Znanost i život
More...We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Extract from the issue 1/1938 of the journal Znanost i život
More...
QUALITY OF LIFE OF CRIMEANS - THE PURPOSE OF THE CRIMEA DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF ITS ACHIEVEMENT // SECTION 1. QUALITY OF LIFE OF CRIMEANS: STATUS, TRENDS AND PROBLEMS // MAIN ECOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC PROBLEMS OF CRIMEA // SECTION 2. PUBLIC AUTHORITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS OF THE AR OF CRIMEA: THEIR CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES OF ARC // SECTION 3. CRIMEA DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY: MEDIUM-TERM ECONOMIC CHALLENGES // BUDGET FORMATION AND INTERBUDGETARY RELATIONS IN AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA // SECTION 4. ARC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY AND DOCUMENTS OF THEIR IMPLEMENTATION: REALISTICITY, PROBLEMS AND RISKS OF ACHIEVING GOALS // ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS FOR THEIR RESPONSIBILITY TO THE GOALS AND PRIORITIES OF THE STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT OF AR OF CRIMEA // Appendix 1. METHODS OF CONDUCTING PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS // Appendix 2. GENERAL MAP OF IMPLEMENTATION RISKS STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE AR OF CRIMEA // SECTION 5. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
More...
UKRAINE - ON THE EVE OF THE COMPLETION OF LAND REFORM? // PUBLIC OPINION ON LAND POLICY AND LAND REFORM IN UKRAINE // Citizens' assessment of the state's land policy // The situation on the land market // Plans of landowners, tenants and citizensin general for the future // Attitude to the development of large joint-stock agricultural enterprises and farms // Citizens' assessment of the land rights registration system // Legislation governing land ownership: level of awareness and evaluation // Interest in the problem of the land market // Private ownership of agricultural land: attitude, understanding, vision of the optimal model for Ukraine // Attitude to the purchase and sale of land agricultural purpose // Citizens' attitudes towards adoption issues Law "On Land Market" // PROBLEMS OF INTRODUCTION OF THE FREE MARKET OF AGRICULTURAL EARTH: FOCUS GROUP RESULTS REPORT // I. Positions of owners of land plots (shares) // II. Positions of farmers // III. Common positions // IV. Conclusions // ABOUT THE LAND, OR NOTES IN THE FIELDS OF THE PRESIDENT'S INTERVIEW // Introductory retreat // The president - for explanatory work, citizens - for the referendum // How it started // Field Owners: Rights and Opportunities // The results of the first 20 years of reform // About agrarian policy, or What to do? // Conclusion, or For the information of the authorities and citizens // THE LAND OF OUR ANXIETY // Why is this reform needed? // About the price of land and its increase // I need a lot of money… // Land and personal life // Property in our way // So what do we lack to complete land reform? // ATTITUDES OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR LEADERS TO THE ISSUEOF LAND RELATIONS IN UKRAINE
More...
UKRAINE’S EUROPEAN INTEGRATION: INTERNAL FACTORS AND EXTERNAL INFLUENCES // CHAPTER 1. EU AND UKRAINE BEFORE SIGNING OF THE ASSOCIATION AGREEMENT: SOME POLICY ASPECTS // CHAPTER 2. INTERNAL ISSUES ON THE EUROPEANI NTEGRATION AGENDA // CHAPTER 3. ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF UKRAINE’S EUROPEAN INTEGRATION // CHAPTER 4. UKRAINE’S ENERGY SECTOR IN INTEGRATION PROCESSES // CHAPTER 5. UKRAINE’S EUROPEAN INTEGRATION: SECURITY AND DEFENCE SECTOR // CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSIONS AND PROPOSALS // UKRAINE’S PATH TO EU: ACHIEVEMENTS, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS // ON UKRAINE’S EUROPEAN INTEGRATION // GENERAL PROBLEMS OF UKRAINE’S INTEGRATION EXTERNAL INFLUENCES ON UKRAINE’S EUROPEAN INTEGRATION // UKRAINE AND EUROPE: FINAL DECISION? // ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF UKRAINE’S INTEGRATION //UKRAINE: INTEGRATION PROBLEMS //ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF CONCLUDING THE EU-UKRAINE //ASSOCIATION AGREEMENT AND RUSSIA’S POSSIBLE REACTION // NEW REGIONAL INTEGRATION INITIATIVE – THE CUSTOMS UNION //RUSSIA, THE EURASIAN CUSTOMS UNION AND THE EU: COOPERATION, STAGNATION OR RIVALRY? // HOW CITIZENS SEE UKRAINE’S INTEGRATION IN THE EU OR THE CUSTOMS UNION: FOCUS GROUP RESULTS // CUSTOMS UNION OR EUROPE? THE PUBLIC OPINION
More...
PROSPECTS OF UKRAINIAN-RUSSIAN RELATIONS // Ukraine and the Russian Federation: scenarios of the course of events // New model of relations: conceptual approaches and practical steps // External policy // Economic relations // Energy sector // Security policy // Humanitarian and information sphere // UKRAINIAN AND RUSSIAN EXPERTS ON THE CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF KYIV-MOSCOW RELATIONS // RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT: THE VIEW OF WESTERN DIPLOMATS AND EXPERTS // THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT: EXPERTS’ OPINIONS // UKRAINIAN-RUSSIAN RELATIONS AS SEEN BY THE PUBLIC // THE DEEP DRIVERS OF RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT // THE IMPACT OF PROPAGANDA // ENERGY ASPECTS OF UKRAINIAN-RUSSIAN RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN HYBRID AGGRESSION AGAINST UKRAINE // DETERRING AND DEALING WITH AUTHORITARIAN RUSSIA: TOWARD A UNIFYING WESTERN STRATEGY
More...
1. The Government policy // 1.1. Destabilizing factor in the East // 1.2. The Government should not forget about the Crimea // 1.3. The practice of party quotas continues // 2. Economic situation // 2.1. Ukrainian banks leave Crimea // 2.2. From Crimea to the East // 2.3. Foreign trade: the EU concessions and trade war with Russia // 2.4. Trends of energy market // 3. Political competition // 3.1. Poroshenko remains favorite of the elections // 3.2. Defeating the separatism may give advantage to Tymoshenko // 3.3. The Party of Regions relies only on Donbas // 3.4. Alternatives to major political players
More...
1. The Government Policy // 1.1. Why is anti-terrorist operation inefficient? // 1.2. Constitutional changes are needed to “reset” the state // 1.3. MPs’ vision of constitutional reform // 2. Economic Situation // 2.1. Russia secures a grip on Crimea // 2.2. Situation in energy sector // 3. Political Competition // 3.1. Quality of President’s team will influence his capacity for reforms // 3.2. Need for new forces in the parliament // 3.3. Electoral failure of the Communist Party // 3.4. Decline in “Svoboda” electoral support
More...
1. The Government Policy // 1.1. Administrative reform as the basis for changes in the country // 1.2. The President promised to initiate a dialogue with the East // 1.3. Internal migration – a new challenge for the Government // 2. Economic Situation // 2.1. Moratorium on alienation of mortgage property // 2.2. Budget income from Donbas is lower than expected // 2.3. The Government has created State Fiscal Service // 2.4. Energy sector // 3. Political Competition // 3.1. Early parliamentary elections are subject to negotiation // 3.2. “Batkivshchyna” could become a constructive opposition // 3.3. Experienced politicians are exploiting the idea of “new faces”
More...
1. The Government Policy // 1.1. Balancing between negotiations and military scenario // 1.2. Army issues require an immediate resolution // 1.3. The judicial system is resisting to changes // 2. Economic Situation // 2.1. The government offers to introduce special period in energy sector // 2.2. The NBU got a new head – from business // 2.3. Crimean goods will not receive European preferences // 3. Political Competition // 3.1. Creation of Petro Poroshenko’s team // 3.2. Ihor Kolomoisky may bring his party to the Parliament // 3.3. Fight for Eastern electorate
More...
1. The Government Policy // 1.1. Cease-fire has not achieved its goal // 1.2. Constitutional reform is top secret // 2. Economic Situation // 2.1. Economic forecast becomes more pessimistic // 2.2. Russia creates barriers for Ukrainian products // 2.3. Gas issues should be solved in summer // 3. Political Competition // 3.1. Petro Poroshenko’s dilemma // 3.2. Obtaining absolute power in Kyiv will “hit” on Klitschko // 3.3. Yulia Tymoshenko stands an informational pause // 3.4. The need for new faces in politics has not disappeared
More...
1. The Government Policy // 1.1. Significant changes in ATO // 1.2. Challenges of civil administration in liberated towns // 1.3. Repression of Crimean Tatars by Russian authorities // 2. Economic Situation // 2.1. Ukraine insists on control over the Crimean airspace // 2.2. Verkhovna Rada has approved a number of laws on banking sector // 2.3. The State Treasury of Ukraine reported on budget fulfillment // 2.4. Steps to improve energy security of Ukraine // 3. Political competition // 3.1. Discordance between the President and the Parliament aggravates // 3.2. Opponents and supporters of snap parliamentary elections // 3.3. Electoral prospects of Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko
More...
1. The Government Policy // 1.1. ATO in cities and new forms of informational war // 1.2. Opportunities to change electoral system // 2. Economic Situation // 2.1. State Committee of Statistics declares further recession // 2.2. Verkhovna Rada adopted amendments to Tax Code // 2.3. Ukrainian government increases rent rates // 3. Political Competition // 3.1. Political parties are getting ready for electoral campaign // 3.2. Electoral system as an object of political trade
More...
The Government Policy // Russia’s support to militants increases the number of victims in Ukraine // Lustration which is impossible to implement // Economic Situation // Drop of FDI and industrial production in Ukraine // Verkhovna Rada adopted the law “On sanctions” // MPs adopted the law on management of gas transportation system // Political Competition // Pro-presidential party is a current front-runner at early parliamentary elections // «An independent game» of Arseniy Yatseniuk and Oleksand Turchynov // With start of electoral campaign Tymoshenko will return to public politics
More...
Reforms: A Final Countdown // Constitutional reform // Anticorruption reform // Public administration reform // Judicial reform // Georgia’s experience in judicial reform // Police reform // MOI reform in Georgia // Deregulation reform // Tax reform // Energy reform
More...
Ukraine has gone through a rollercoaster in the last decade. Eight years of an average economic growth of 7.5 percent from 2000 until 2007 has been followed by severe economic crisis, with gross domestic product (GDP) anticipated to slump by 14 percent in 2009. Ukraine’s presidential elections offer a grea topportunity to launch a major revitalization of the country. Ukraine is not performing up to its potential. In 2009, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) assessed that its GDP per capita will be as little as $2,540 in current US dollars, placing it 110th in the world. The situation looks only marginally better when GDP is expressed in purchasing power parities, which reflects the actual living standard: $6,460 per capita, at 99th place in the world. In purchasing power parities, Ukraine’s GDP amounted to 22 percent of the European Union (EU) level and 40 percent of the Russian level in 2009.
More...
The problem of insufficient coordination and integration of social policies with labor market policies, i.e. the insufficiently developed activation component of social measures, is what is largely neglected in present discussions on the disadvantages and the possible social protection system reforms in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to present the existing European Union policies and trends in the field of social policies, remaining specifically focused on the dimension of the activation of these policies, and to analyze the existing state and institutional framework of BiH in this context. Several recommendations are given with the goal of advancing the existing social protection system in the direction of creating a basis for the realization of its inclusive functions and the implementation of active social policies.
More...
Pitanje objavljivanja ugovora o javnoj nabavi u BiH je djelomično usklađeno sa zahtjevima direktiva EU o javnoj nabavi, no i dalje postoje normativne nedostatnosti, koje se uglavnom tiču potpunosti i funkcionalnosti. Stoga su u ovom sažetku analizirane odredbe Zakona o javnim nabavama BiH, koje se odnose na objavljivanje ugovora o javnoj nabavi u BiH, pri čemu su detektirani problemi koji idu nauštrb načela transparentnosti. Glavni rezultati analize nedvojbeno ukazuju na potrebu za temeljitom zakonodavnom reformom, zbog čega su ponuđeni konkretni prijedlozi u cilju poboljšanja pojedinih zakonskih rješenja.
More...
Pravna zaštita u postupcima javne nabave podrazumijeva skup pravnih normi koje uređuju mehanizme dostupne sudionicima u ovim postupcima radi zaštite njihovih prava i interesa. Normativni okvir pravne zaštite osigurava ostvarivanje nekoliko važnih ciljeva javne nabave. Konkurentni i transparentni postupci javne nabave pomažu javnopravnim tijelima da nabavljaju proizvode i usluge bolje kvalitete za nižu cijenu (engl. best value for money). Rezultat toga je učinkovitija potrošnja javnih sredstava, brži gospodarski razvoj, kao i veća konkurentnost među poduzetnicima. Otvoreni i transparentni postupci javne nabave utječu na sprječavanje diskriminacije, nepotizma i korupcije. Sa stajališta Europske unije (EU), cilj je javne nabave i otvaranje tržišta javne nabave među državama članicama, što omogućava sudjelovanje poduzetnika u postupcima javne nabave i izvan granica pojedine države. Pravna zaštita vrlo je važna za ostvarivanje navedenih ciljeva javne nabave. Pravna regulacija pravne zaštite trebala bi osigurati jednak pravni položaj svih poduzetnika u postupcima javne nabave, učinkovitost i žurnost u provedbi postupaka javne nabave, ali i unaprijediti pravnu sigurnost u ovome području. Neuređena ili nedovoljno uređena pravna zaštita znači neposrednu štetu gospodarstvu, jer omogućava odabir ponude koja nije nužno i najpovoljnija. To ima za posljedicu i druge negativne učinke (političke, gospodarske, sociološke). Učinkovita pravna zaštita povećava povjerenje javnosti u transparentnost postupka te potiče poduzetnike na sudjelovanje u postupcima javne nabave. Učinkovita pravna zaštita djeluje i preventivno, kako na konkretno ugovorno tijelo tako i na sva druga ugovorna tijela, na način da odustanu od mogućih povreda zakonodavstva o javnoj nabavi. Osim što zauzimaju značajno mjesto u svakom pravnom poretku, nacionalne norme o pravnoj zaštiti imaju u državama članicama EU-a, ali i u državama kandidatima i onima koje se pripremaju to postati, utemeljenje u europskom pravu i rezultat su prilagodbe zakonodavstva zahtjevima europskog prava. Na taj se način postiže ujednačavanje pravne zaštite u državama članicama, državama kandidatima pa i potencijalnim kandidatima. Zahtjev za ujednačenim postupanjem u državama članicama posljedica je shvaćanja da različita pravila u različitim državama negativno utječu na funkcioniranje ujedinjenoga europskog tržišta. Europsko zakonodavstvo od značaja je i u Bosni i Hercegovini (BiH), jer osim što je instrument za jačanje gospodarstva, značajno je i u smislu dosada preuzetih obveza postupnoga usklađivanja zakonodavstva. Jedno od područja u kojem se obavlja usklađivanje zakonodavstva u BiH je i područje javne nabave. Predmet je ove studije pravna zaštita u postupcima javne nabave u BiH, koja se provodi kao upravna i upravnosudska zaštita, i to na način da se kritički razmatraju relevantna pitanja pravne zaštite sudionika u postupcima javne nabave. Predmet su analize važeće norme koje se odnose na pravnu zaštitu u postupcima javne nabave, imajući u vidu moguće posljedice nepotpune i neadekvatne regulacije na prava i interese sudionika u postupcima javne nabave. Takav fokus studije prije svega podrazumijeva analizu zakonske regulacije osnovnoga pravnog lijeka koji stoji na dispoziciji sudionicima u postupcima javne nabave protiv odluke ugovornog tijela te radnje, propuštanja radnje ili postupka ugovornog tijela, a potom i analizu postupka povodom tužbe u upravnome sporu. U tom smislu, ova studija predlaže smjer moguće zakonodavne intervencije, koji bi, s obzirom na relevantno europsko i usporedno pravo, mogao poboljšati normativno uređenje pravne zaštite u postupcima javne nabave u BiH. Prema tome, pored pravne analize pravne zaštite, onakve kakva jeste prema postojećem (važećem) zakonskom okviru (de lege lata), ova studija uključuje i pitanje kakva bi ta zaštita trebala biti s obzirom na zahtjeve europskoga prava (de lege ferenda). Analiza polazi od toga da pitanje pravne zaštite uređuje svaka država samostalno te da je takva autonomija država članica (i budućih država članica u smislu preuzetih obveza) ograničena pravilima EU-a. Zato se u ovoj studiji izvode zaključci o utjecaju relevantnoga europskog prava na osiguranje učinkovitih pravnih lijekova u području pravne zaštite u postupcima javne nabave. Značajno je i sagledavanje prakse Europskog suda pravde u Luksemburgu (Europski sud) te propisa koji normiraju dostupnost pravnih lijekova u nekim od država članica koje su implementirale i primjenjuju europsko pravo (Hrvatska i Slovenija). Cilj je toga sagledavanja razmotriti koje se pouke mogu izvući iz iskustava spomenutih država i kako se te pouke mogu primijeniti u pravu BiH radi daljnjeg razvoja legislative o pravnoj zaštiti. Time se dobiva slika odnosa pravne regulative i prakse te se daju uočiti nedostatci trenutačne pravne normiranosti pravne zaštite u postupcima javne nabave u BiH. Nakon predstavljanja metodološkoga i analitičkog okvira studije (poglavlje 2), sumarno se navode relevantni pravni akti EU-a (poglavlje 3). Potom je predmet analize pravni i institucionalni okvir javne nabave u BiH (poglavlje 4). U poglavlju o pravnoj zaštiti (poglavlje 5) analiziraju se postupovna pravila, da bi se potom, u zaključku, sumirali rezultati analize (poglavlje 6). Analiza završava preporukama, u kojima se sugeriraju moguća rješenja prethodno prepoznatih problema (poglavlje 7).
More...
1. Editorial - The Post-Trump America. 2. China and the Western Balkans: On Economic Growth, Double Standards and Genocide. 3. What price will Turkey’s Uyghurs pay for the benefits of the Chinese vaccine? 4. China's influence in Montenegro: Incentives to economic development or a road to dependency? 5. China’s asymmetric economic pressure and stability in the Balkans. 6. Chinese-Russian Propaganda in the Balkans.
More...
1. Uvodnik - Amerika nakon Trumpa. 2. Kina i Zapadni Balkan: O ekonomskom rastu, dvostrukim standardima i genocide. 3. Koliko će Ujgure koštati kineska vakcina? 4. Uticaj Kine u Crnoj Gori: Podsticaj ekonomskom razvoju ili put u zavisnost? 5. Asimetrični kineski ekonomski pritisak i stabilnost na Balkanu. 6. Kinesko-ruska propaganda na Balkanu.
More...