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Changing patterns of migration to Australia's Northern Territory: Evidence of new forms of escalator migration to frontier regions?

Author(s): Catherine Martel,Andrew Taylor,Dean Carson / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

Building on Fielding’s idea of escalator regions as places where young people mi-grate (often temporarily) to get rapid career advancement, this paper proposes a new perspective on 'escalator migration' as it applies to frontier or remote regions in particular. Life events, their timing and iterations have changed in the thirty years since Fielding first coined the term ‘escalator region’, with delayed adult-hood, multiple career working lives, population ageing and different dynamics between men and women in the work and family sphere. The object of this paper is to examine recent migration trends to Australia's Northern Territory for evidence of new or emerging 'escalator migrants'.

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Człowiek pracujący i dylematy zatrudnienia we współczesnym świecie

Author(s): Daniel Fic / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

In a civil society whose members have equal civil rights, the right to work is a foundation behind life prospects and welfare. The work determines the standard of life, its lack implies poverty. Despite unequivical declarations and actions taken at different administrative levels of our civilisation (regional, national, supranational), the situation in many countries is still unsatisfactory. This article characterises the labour force, the indicators of poverty and employment in Poland and selected countries of the EU, as well corresponding European and global regulations.

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Deregulation of the labour markets in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe — selected issues

Author(s): Małgorzata Gawrycka / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The countries of Central and Eastern Europe in the 1990s pursued the transformation processes which were to result in introducing systemic changes and building market economies. It was a process requiring adjustment of the regulatory and system framework to the requirements of the EU. One of the areas covered by the changes was the labour market. The reforms related to the functioning of national labour markets necessitated taking many decisions, often difficult ones, as they were associated with incurring high social costs. The aim of this study is to examine how the processes of labour legislation deregulation influenced the situation in the labour markets of individual countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and in particular their employment levels. The study was based on data from years 2004 and 2015. The study used available Eurostat statistics databases. Elements of descriptive statistics were also used as a tool.

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Earnings Expectations and Higher-education Enrolment Decisions in Hungary

Author(s): Júlia Varga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2002

This paper is based on a survey carried out among Hungarian secondary-school students to examine (1) what students know about wages and relative wages when they are in their senior year of secondary school and are about to make decisions on their further studies, (2) how they form expectations regarding their future earnings and employment probabilities at different levels of schooling and (3) whether their expectations of the labour-market outcome of higher education have an impact on the probability of applying for higher educational studies. The results show that students on the average have quite an accurate knowledge of current wages by educational levels and occupations. Their expected earnings are higher than their estimations of current earnings and their labour-market return expectations have an impact on the probability of applying for further studies.

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Institucionalna podrška usklađivanju profesionalne i porodične sfere u Srbiji

Author(s): Dunja D. Poleti Ćosić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2017

Work and family life in contemporary societies are profoundly shaped by the two mutually connected phenomena – demographic change and labor market transformation. Trends within these structural fields have far-reaching consequences, which place them high on the public policies priority list. Consequently, two of the key strategic policy goals of the European Union are aimed at combating negative consequences of population ageing and shrinking of the working age population. Pressures caused by changes in economic and demographic structures are not equally distributed along the lines of social divisions and particularly affect women. Flexibility of work arrangements, nonstandard working hours, mobility, as well as an increase of job and professional career insecurity contribute to work-family conflicts. However, many studies have confirmed that reconciliation of family and work demands does not take place in a vacuum, but is profoundly embedded in the given society’s contextual framework. Our aim in this paper to examine the ways by which the institutional setting enables or limits the reconciliation of family and work activities in Serbia. We analyze family politics, i.e. public policies and state measures which directly address issues of parenthood and provide support for “work-family balance“ to be achieved. An overview of institutional and legal framework in Serbia will be provided, followed by the analysis and interpretation of the data obtained in this study, based on attitudes, needs and expectations of the respondents.

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TÜRKİYE’DE İŞGÜCÜ TALEP YAPISINA GÖRE İLLERİN SINIFLANDIRILMASI

Author(s): Şahamet Bülbül,Ahmet Mete Çilingirtürk,Dilek Altaş,Esen Yıldırım,Selay Giray Yakut / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2017

The problem of unemployment is a problem that has been on the agenda of our country since the 1950s. The level of unemployment has increased with rapid population growth and urbanization, reaching quite high values in the 1970s. In addition, the economic crises of the 2000s and especially the 2008 global crisis, also caused the unemployment problem to become more serious. In order to decrease the unemployment rate, it is important to know the number of open jobs (open employment from the Turkish Employment Agency and employers who are transferred from the employers) and to examine them in terms of profession, sector, skills required and education level. Within the scope of this study, the most up-to-date provincial employment and vocational education board reports will be examined and a more comprehensive data set will be created on province basis and provinces will be classified according to this demand structure. The meaning of demand structure concept is with which profession group, sector and education the demand is related. In addition, the relationship between various important variables related to the subject will be examined in category basis. The main multivariate analysis techniques to be used in the study are Two-Stage Clustering Analysis and Homogeneity Analysis. The findings obtained as a result of the analyzes carried out, will be interpreted comparatively.

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SPOŁECZNA INSPEKCJA PRACY - NIEDOSKONAŁOŚCI REGULACJI PRAWNEJ

Author(s): Beata Rutkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The aim of the present study is drawing attention to a problem of social labour inspection. The author analyzes three problematic issues in the present legal state: organisation of social labour inspection, election of social labour inspectors and number of social labour inspectors.

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SÖZLEŞME GÖRÜŞMELERİ SÜRECİNDE İŞVERENİN KORUMA YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Author(s): Atanur KARAAHMETOĞLU / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 40/2018

One of the basic principles of labor law is the employer’s obligation to protect the worker. The employer is obliged to protect the workers who are involved in the contractual relationship. However, until the establishment of the employment contract, there is a process in which the contract negotiations are held. In this context, the question of whether or not the employer has a protection obligation in this period is brought to the agenda if the candidate of the worker is subject to a loss of right at this stage of contract negotiations. In this direction, article 2 of Turkish Civil Code and article 417 of Turkish Code Obligations have introduced important regulations for the protection obligations of the employer during the contract negotiations process. In addition the question of whether the protective arrangements brought by the Labor Law can be applied during the contract negotiations in case of violation of right rights in addition to this provisions for the protection of the worker.

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EMPLOYEE VOICE SCALE: IS THERE A NEED OF RECONSIDERATION OF DIMENSIONS?

Author(s): Begum Samina,Ulaş Çakar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Aim: This study critically reviews the employee voice literature and demonstrate the shift of voice arrangement from employee-oriented to organizational-oriented.Methods: The previous researches and theories concerning management and employee voice were examined, and a conceptual framework of different phases of the flow of employee voice in an organization was developed. The scales adapted to measure employee voice since 1983 to 2015 were scrutinized.Findings: The finding shows that the scales used in literature are fundamentally measuring the Traditional Employee Voice (TEV), which lacks the ability to cover the overall dimensions of the Modern Employee Voice (MEV).Results: The result shows that the TEV is one-way communication process while the MEV is two-way communication process. The effect of this result on future studies was evaluated.

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DRUŠTVENI UGLED ZANIMANJA U NAS

Author(s): Ksenija Savin / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/1981

The paper represents some major findings of the research on the prestige of 48 occupational titles from basic areas of social activity. Data are based on a stratified representative sample of Serbian society.

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STVARALAŠTVO U UDRUŽENOM RADU

Author(s): Stane MOŽINA / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-3/1976

Stvaralaštvo nije samo usko povezano sa napretkom u proizvodnji već i sa celokupnim našim društvenim razvitkom, kako u prošlosti tako i sada, i ubuduće. »Dinamizam naše revolucije požnjeo je pobede i postizao uspehe, pre svega zbog toga, jer se nije oslanjao niti na subjektivističku dogmu, niti na čisti pragmatizam i empirizam prakse, već na svesno stvaralačku (podvukao S. M.) socijalističku revolucionarnu akciju, koja je značila korak napred u ostvarivanju sadašnjih i dugoročnih istorijskih interesa radničke klase i koja je pravilnost svojih ciljeva neprekidno proveravala i korigovala u praksi.

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KREACIJA I REKREACIJA U RADNOM I SLOBODNOM VREMENU MLADIH RADNIKA

Author(s): Slobodan Bakić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-3/1976

Industrijski svet nije nipošto idiličan. Otuđen je kao što su i drugi svetovi savremenog čoveka. Ako je otuđenost obeležje čoveka u savremenom društvu, nesumnjivo je da se ono negde lakše a negde teže podnosi. (Pod otuđenošću ovde podrazumevamo društveno-ekonomsko-istorijski uslovljeno neostvarivanje svojih ljudskih mogućnosti).

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Особенности трудоустройства иностранных работников в Эстонии

Author(s): Angela Melikhova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2019

The article discusses the legal aspects of the employment of foreign employees in Estonia, in particular, the specifics of hiring foreign labor by registering short-term work, obtaining a temporary residence permit for work, as well as other types of residence permit, which entail the right to work in the country.

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O potrzebie różnorodności w prawie pracy

Author(s): Monika Gładoch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 88/2019

There is a conviction that if labour law is to protect the employee it in its essence requires restrictions. Therefore, the principle of contract freedom should be limited. Otherwise, there will be violation of the labour law system. Otherwise, there will be violation of the labour law system. It is only a step away from the statement that freedom in labour law may pose a threat to the implementation of the basic function in labour law. In other words, the greater uniformity i.e. uniformity of institutions, the greater the certainty and effectiveness of the protective function of labour law. Meanwhile, the employee protection function cannot be a barrier to the development of labour law. The labour law of the 21st century requires diversity. Only thanks to new forms of employment, work organization and flexibility, labour law can meet challenges of the labour market.

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Nowe trendy gospodarcze a reguła domniemania zawarcia umowy o pracę

Author(s): Małgorzata Gersdorf / Language(s): Polish Issue: 88/2019

The paper in question refers to different bases for employment. The author is convinced that innovativeness of economy requires an increase in the share of task-based employment and civil law relations are better suited for this. In this context the author opposes the concept of presumption of an employment contract conclusion.

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Czas jako element stosunku pracy (uwagi na gruncie treści art. 22 §1 k.p.)

Author(s): Sławomir Driczinski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 88/2019

In the publication the author took up the subject of the time concept used in Article 22 § 1 of the Labour Code. The study analyses the role and legitimacy of inserting the term concerning the working time in Article 22 § 1 of the Labour Code. This concerns, inter alia, relationships with terms such as subordination or working time. The article puts forward a thesis of possible broader understanding of the concept of the time of contract performance. This will create an option to extend this concept also to the legal relations not covered yet by protection in the context of their performance time.

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MASKULINITET U PROFESIJAMA

Author(s): Marta Tomić,Danijela V. Spasić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2010

The paper analyzes the ways and mechanisms of domination of masculinity in professions which are traditionally known as typical male professions. Domination of masculinity is analysed by comparrition to women in male professions. Especially is made short review of the police and the teaching profession in order to demonstrate that women on the one hand, as minority group in the typical male profession are marginalized, and, on the other hand in teaching profession as the dominant majority, because of feminisation of the profession become economically and socially degraded.

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MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS OF EMPLOYEES IN LATVIAN LABOR MARKET

Author(s): Kleina Džeina,Svetlana Štāle / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Achieving the goals of the organization requires internally motivated employees that are in line with the values and specifics of the organization and that act in its interest. Successful organization management is based on professional and motivated employees who are actively involved in achieving an organization’s goals.Types of employee motivation systems vary between different countries, taking into account the inhabitants culture and habits. Also, it varies between companies, taking into account the company's financial situation, values, employee specialization, and educational level. Motivation measures are also implemented on an individual basis, based on the values and needs of the specific employee. The aim of the article is to find out employee's motivational factors and the importance of salary in the Latvian labor market. Research results are based on quantitative and qualitative methods, in order to compare the results with the motivation theories of Alexander Maslow, John Stacey Adam, Nadler and Louler, David Mcclelland and John Atkinson. Also, to explore the types of motivational factors and the connection between theories and research results.

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FAKTORSKA STRUKTURA IMETRIJSKE KARAKTERISTIKE UPITNIKA “SUOČAVANJE S NEGATIVNIM PONAŠANJIMA NA RADNOM MJESTU” NA UZORKU POLICIJSKIH SLUŽBENIKA I SLUŽBENICA

Author(s): Željka Radošević,Slavica Blažeka Kokorić,Maja Laklija / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2019

The aim of this paper was to describe the constructive and psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire “Coping with negative workplace behaviours ” on a sample ofpolice officers and to determine whether this questionnaire is suitable for use in further research. A modified version of the scale “Coping with bullying” constructed by Lee and Brotheridge (2006) was used in this research. The research was conducted on a sample of209police officers of both genders in the Split-Dalmatia Police District. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis and Spearman coefficient was used in data analysis. The results showed that police officers in coping with negative workplace behaviours most often use the strategy of calming the situation and avoiding problems (M = 2.43, SD = 0.88), followed by active problem solving (M = 1.61, SD = 0.72) and focusing on their own emotions and relief of stress symptoms (M = 1.56, SD = 0.63). Psychometric characteristics and factor analysis showed the existence of a three-factor structure of the questionnaire with a good reliability of extracted subscales: (1) focus on own emotions and relief of stress symptoms (consisting of 10 items, Cronbach s alpha = 0.83), (2) focus on calming the situation and avoiding problems (consisting of 8 items, Cronbach s alpha = 0.84), and (3) focus on active problem solving (consisting of 5 items, Cronbach s alpha = 0.72). The results show that the proposed version of the scale is a reliable tool that can be used in future research of coping with negative behaviour in the workplace in the police profession and in the general population, which justifies further use and development of the questionnaire.

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UGOVORI SA NULTIM RADNIM VREMENOM

Author(s): Mario Reljanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2019

Fleksibilizacija rada dovela je do stvaranja većeg broja atipičnih oblika radnog angažovanja. Ovakvi oblici radnog angažovanja nose značajne rizike po radnike i u mnogim situacijama vode njihovoj prekarizaciji. Jedan od tipičnih primera takvog razvoja radnopravnih ugovora jesu i ugovori sa nultim radnim vremenom, kod kojih nije unapred dato trajanje nedeljnog radnog vremena kao ni zarada lica, koja zavisi od toga da li će se i koliko ono uopšte angažovati kod poslodavca sa kojim je zaključilo ovu vrstu ugovora. Zloupotrebe takvog režima rada su značajne i sve vidljivije kako njihova popularnost raste, pa se u tom kontekstu istraživanje bavi načinima njihovog preciznijeg regulisanja, kao i trendovima koji se vezuju za nove propise Evropske unije, a kojima se pokušava urediti ova oblast radnog prava.

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