Пещерное и современное искусство

Author(s): Yakov A. Sher / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

The article is an attempt to answer the questions posed in one of the publications by Z. A. Abramova, devoted to the analysis of Palaeolithic parietal imagery. How the Palaeolithic artists have achieved such a high perfection of painting and how and in what ways the echoes of the ice age art penetrated into Picasso’s imagination and oeuvre? To answer the first question the author gives his interpretation of the concept of “artistic talent”, based on the theory worked out by the psychophysiologist S. N. Davidenkov. The answer to the second question is based on the properties of the genetic memory. In the author's view, it is impossible to understand the formation and development of artistic activity without taking into consideration the paleoanthropological and psychophysiological evidence.

The Ashes of Pasolini

Author(s): Gary Zabel / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

Pier Paulo Pasolini’s engagement with Antonio Gramsci is both inspiring and tragic, beginning with Pasolini’s early poem, “The Ashes of Gramsci,” and ending with the film-maker’s murder in 1975. In his essays and films, Pasolini explores his affective, aesthetic preoccupation with the “sub-proletariat” of the Roman suburbs, contrasting it with Gramsci’s political and strategic concerns. This article analyses that material with special emphasis on its relation to Pasolini’s work on the semiotics of film and his theory of the “cinema of poetry.”

Tarkovski: İçsel Uzamdan Gelen Şey - Slavoj Zizek: Kitap İncelemesi

Author(s): Çiğdem Aslantaş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2017

Var olduğunun farkında canlılar olma bilinci, insanoğlunun omuzlarına birçok sorumluluk yüklemektedir. Var olmanın ve yok olmanın arasında yaşam olarak tanımladığı alanda sıkışıp kalma hali ise, bireyin inceleme/keşfetme dürtüsünü öncelikle kendisine yöneltmektedir. Önce insan olmayı anlama ve tanımlama aşamalarını, sonrasında ötekini tanımlayıp ayrışma süreçlerini, ardından da göreceli bağımsızlık aşamalarını geçmektedir. Aslında ruhun ve bedenin tüm bu geçmekte olduğu gelişimler paralelinde, birey içinde bulunduğu evrenin sadece gidenlerin bıraktıklarından ibaret olması gerçeğiyle yüzleşmekte ve bu kalıntılar belirsizlikliği zemininde kendine başlangıç/son gibi belirli ya da tanımlı noktalar çıkarmaya çalışmaktadır. Bu aşama beraberinde bireye zaman olgusunu da düşünmeye sevk ettirmektedir. Çünkü tüm bu sorgulamalar ancak lineer olarak algılanabilen ve saatler gibi insanoğlunun yaratmış olduğu maddi unsurlar ile kontrol edilmeye çalışılan zaman olarak adlandırdığı durumla birlikte anlamlı olmaya başlamaktadır.

Управлінські аспекти діяльності закладів початкової мистецької освіти в культуротворчих процесах сучасної України

Author(s): Tetyana Mykolayivna Kolos / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2015

The aim of the article is to study the conditions of primary art education institutions in the processes of modern culture creation through description of management processes and administrative functions of government at different levels. Management of primary artistic education institutions as a system of cultural sphere related to the formulation and implementation of national cultural policy, which includes the creation of conditions for the organization of artistic and educational activities, its financial support, methodological support and control. Inherited from the Soviet period the network of children's artistic schools, which has always represented the cultural sphere, with the reform of social and economic spheres, including education, and the introduction in 2000 of the Law of Ukraine "On Extracurricular Education", was the element of school education institutions . In this regard, the system of primary artistic education began to lose its autonomy in the system of school education. The central executive body that carries out state administration directly initial artistic education at the national level is the Ministry for Culture of Ukraine. The functions of the Ministry for Culture for the management of primary education in arts have the character of regulation, because it does not involve direct interference in these schools, but only determine the mechanisms of management. In this case, all the regulations approved by the Ministry, based on the acts of the Ministry of Education, what is the "duality subordination" of the primary art education. One of the primary tools of management education in arts are special regulations the Ministry for Culture. Regulations on initial specialized art school (school aesthetic education), approved by the Ministry, is the basic document that defines the specific terms and conditions of artistic schools, including the organization of educational and artistic process, management institutions, financial and economic activities, etc. The second (middle) level in the hierarchy of management system of children's art schools have culture government regional level. Key features that directly affect the children's artistic schools are activities in the region related to the certification of these institutions and their teachers. One of these functions to March 2015 was the certification of schools. However, by changing the conditions of the certification authority for such decisions goes to the lower level of government, in which are directly under the school. The main method of control at an average level of program-target method, which is an effective way of providing financial and logistical support to schools that are funded from local budgets. An effective tool of administrative activity at this level is to conduct and support competitions, festivals, exhibitions, etc. for children art schools. An important function of regional authorities is to coordinate cooperation of children's art schools with cultural and art colleges and schools, which are owned by local communities and regions of Kyiv. The third level of government, in which the direct control of children's art schools – local authorities in the field of culture, which carry financial, logistical, staffing subordinate children's art schools, the development of the network, and so on. In terms of decentralization of the role the lower level primary education in arts management will continue to grow. Research management processes in primary arts education will give the opportunity to make recommendations on the formation and implementation of state cultural policy to support the further development of institutions of primary art education as a system of institutionalized cultural sphere of modern Ukraine. Thus, the process control system of educational institutions sphere of culture in modern Ukraine aimed at ensuring the development of children's art schools and implemented hierarchical structure of government. At the national level of government is characterized by duality, which is found in the interconnectedness of administrative decisions Ministry for Education and Science and the Ministry for Culture and due to the entry of primary art education to adult education system. At the highest level there is legislative and normative legal regulation, on the lower – apply direct control instruments – financial, logistical and staffing. In terms of reforming the socio-economic aspects of life, is the decentralization of management and increase the role of government community, which means the transfer of administrative functions in most places. Problems of economic development and imperfection of the existing mechanisms of public-public administration or lack thereof creates significant risks for the further operation of children's art schools as a system of institutions that influence the development of local and general cultural space. Research management processes in primary arts education will give the opportunity to make recommendations on the formation and implementation of state cultural policy to support the further development of institutions of primary art education as a system of institutionalized cultural sphere of modern Ukraine.

Szamanizm jako religia w relacji ze sztuką naskalną

Author(s): Karina Antczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

Examining beliefs and cult objects from the perspective of an archaeologist is not an easy task because of the small number of written sources or lack thereof. It is difficult to interpret artifacts that are presumably not just functional. These are the arts and religion. The degree of difficulty of analyzes devoted to beliefs increases when we deal with illiterate culture. It is also not surprising that skepticism and restraint with regard to the analysis and interpretation of symbols, beliefs and rituals. One of the interesting research questions that archaeologists are dealing with is rock art. At present, its rise and interpretation are connected with shamanistic theory. It is recognized as a belief system, a kind of religion with cosmogony (A. Rozwadowski, 2012). The text is an attempt to answer the question of the earliest religion. Can shamanism be regarded as form of the religion and its relationship with the art of rock paleolithic?

Sztuka w służbie „geografii zbawienia” — uwagi o projekcie i początkach budowy kalwarii plenerowej w Szarogrodzie na Podolu

Author(s): Cyprian Janusz Moryc / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The article focuses on the artistic concepts of the outdoor pilgrimage centre in Sharhorod in the broad context of the Franciscan passion tradition and the history as well as the culture of Sharhorod, which is undoubtedly a unique place. The aim of the article is to present the iconographic program of the Calvary in Sharhorod, including its integral link with the old concepts of passion centres and historical and cultural realities of the picturesque town, which never ceases to fascinate travellers and artists. A multifaceted analysis used in the study is the result of a number of methods relevant for interdisciplinary research. In addition to the interview and participant observation, which was possible due to author’s involvement in the projects for many years, the author used the analytical and comparative methods as well as the analytical and descriptive methods, the tools of which allowed the researcher to capture the essential components of traditional and contemporary Calvary centres. The article presents the rich history of Sharhorod with emphasis on recent events, especially the circumstances of the Calvary creation and the first manifestations of organized worship of the Passion. The author analysed both an overall picture of the Cavalry—a large garden of prayer and pilgrimage routes—as well as architecture and artistic vision of the internal design of individual chapels. The results of the analysis can be used in pastoral and educational work. They can also become the basis for the iconographic interpretation of the pilgrimage centre, which through an impact on the region participates in the reconstruction and creation of the Christian culture after the severe devastation caused by Communism.

Tragedyanın Özündeki Dionysosçu Bilgelik Ve Sinemadaki İzleri

Author(s): Çağdaş Emrah Çağlıyan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2017

In Ancient Tragedy, where we find the roots of tragic thought, it has been agreed that, the life on earth is full of misery and pain; however, every incident occurring on earth is actualized by the will of the gods in Olympus. This agreement ensures enduring the living with its most hurtful and scariest face by finding divine will behind this life. Thus, the heroes of the Ancient Tragedy do not regret anything and take all the responsibilities of all their actions, even they are tested with most formidable griefs. Because this endless pain caused by their actions is actually a necessity of the eternal side of their personalities, there is a seal of divinity. At this point, we can find the expression of the conflict between factivity and infinity, in the discrimination of Apollo and Dionysus formulated by Nietzsche. As Apollo is the God of shape and commends golden mean, Dionysus saves the humans from the limits they are imprisoned in and unifies them with their nature. The key of reaching the tragic comprehension is strengthen our connection with Dionysian area. Dionysus saves us from the illusions of the appearances and reduces the worries and aches derived from the possible losses in the living, prevents the passive way of existence. Therefore, the triumph of Dionysus in this rivalry also conveys the legitimation of life even with its most horrifying side, which carries the essence of the tragic. Accordingly finding the bases of tragic comprehension in affirmation, we can see this comprehension in other narratives. In this study, we will trace the tragic thought in the cinema, one of the most massive and efficient narratives in our age. Because, realizing our possibility to reach the tragic comprehension, also contributes us to legitimate our own existence. In this context, Barton Fink (Ethan and Joel Coen, 1991), The Wicker Man (Robin Hardy, 1973) and Badlands (Terrence Malick) films, which present various views of Dionysus, are pretty suitable examples to guide us. In our study, we will examine the continuous tragic comprehension dating from Ancient Tragedy via these examples.

Montajın İmkânları ile “Kaosu” Düşünmek

Author(s): Süleyman Kıvanç Türkgeldi / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2016

How can a movie think about the flow of time? On the infinite complexity of causality; decisions, accidents, "ifs", sometimes moments when we are not aware, in short how does cinema think about the chaotic uncertainty of time? The main purpose of this paper will be to think about a pure thought of a ‘‘whole’’ regarding the conception of chaos, which transcends social roles and hundreds of factors establishing our identities, and then try to trace these ideas in cinema. While cinema is showing the uncertainties in our lives, it will create other qualitative leaps. That is precisely why cinema is not a collection of images that does not have any material weight. A film carries the latent powers of “thinking” that is waiting to be transformed into infinite things. This paper will discuss the question above in the context of cinema’s montage element.

КАРАКТЕРИСТИКЕ НЕОСТАНДАРДНОГ ИТАЛИЈАНСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА У ФИЛМУ КАТЕРИНА ОДЛАЗИ У ГРАД

Author(s): Tijana N. Kukić,Mauricio N. Barbi / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 64/2017

The teaching of the Italian language as a foreign language in Serbia is focused primarily on the presentation of the standard Italian language which is undoubtedly a necessary and very important step in the process of learning the Italian language grammatical rules in the classroom. Nevertheless, the students should be aware of the many specific aspects of the contemporary Italian language such as: the neostandard, various dialects, slang and numerous linguistic varieties. In our opinion, film is one of the best and the most striking techniques in the teaching of a foreign language that offers students a very authentic and immediate way of getting to know the Italian language and cultural reality. In this work we will direct our attention to the phenomenon of the neostandard Italian language through the analysis of the basic characteristics of its morphology and syntax. For this purpose, we will use the examples taken from the film Caterina in the Big City. In our opinion, the phenomenon of the neostandard language represents a natural and linear process of the evolution of a language, because the language inevitably changes its characteristics through time, and the change is a crucial part of the language vitality.

МЕТОДЕ ПОЗОРИШНЕ ПЕДАГОГИЈЕ У ОБРАЗОВАЊУ НАСТАВНИКА

Author(s): Jelena Đ. Gojić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 64/2017

Die Arbeit befasst sich mit dem konkreten Anwendung der theaterpädagogischen Elemente und wobei das Ziel der Arbeit ist es aufzuzeigen, dass es möglich ist, dass die (zuküftigen) DaF-Lehrer die benötigen Fähig- und Fertigkeiten durch Theaterpädagogik erwerben und verbessern können.. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine qualitative Untersuchung an der Fakultät für Philologie und Künste in Kragujevac durchgeführt. Die Daten wurden in Form eines problemzentrierten Interviews erhoben und anschließend ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Projektbeteiligten verschiedene Kompetenzen erworben haben, die für den Lehrerberuf von der großer Bedeutung sind. Darüber hinaus haben die Resultate gezeigt, dass Theaterpädagogik ein bestimmtes Potenzial anbietet, die ähnliche Forschungen durchzuführen.

Szesnastowieczne pobizantyńskie freski z Supraśla w świetle dokumentacji konserwatorskiej – historia zniszczeń

Author(s): Krystyna Stawecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2017

The article is dedicated to the history of the unique 16th-century Byzantine frescoes in Suprasl. Here we find an attempt of determining an exact date of accomplishment of the interior wall ornamentation (as well as establishing its authorship) in the Orthodox Church of the Annunciation of the Mother of God in Suprasl. The main part of the text contains a description of the successive stages of polychromy degradation that started with the damages caused by new elements of the interior decoration added in the seventeenth century (iconostasis, side altars) and was continued in the 18th century when the large parts of the frescoes were panelled. Later on the profound alteration of the architectural and painting of the presbytery was made. It ended with almost complete destruction of the frescoes during the World War II. The part of the text also mentions the restorative treatments conducted on this monument since the end of the 19th century. Here we can also find the study of preserving the extant fragments of the paintings during the post-war times. The analysis of the conservatory measures and their documentation taken between 1964–1965 (66) as well as in 2012 and 2014 closes the article.

Стратегії управління процесами інтеріоризації культурних цінностей обдарованої особистості в умовах націотворення в Україні

Author(s): Oksana Mykolayivna Gavelya / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2014

This article reviews the new management strategy processes of internalization of cultural property gifted person in terms of nation-building in Ukraine. The author of the study based on the best domestic and international experience gained in a designated area. To define the modern strategies of management of the internalization processes of cultural properties of gifted person in terms of nation-building in Ukraine, the author of the article conducted sociological studies, which included questionnaires and oral interviews talented students in higher educational institutions of Ukraine. In this process we used the method of conversation. The sample was 2500 people. Gifted students should have not only the appropriate knowledge and information from the literature, but they also should have the specific skills of evaluation, analysis, systemizing, using their knowledge in practice. This is an integral part of such thing as reading culture. The first category of respondents conventionally have been attributed to the "humanities." The question "What subjects do you most enjoy watching?". The 37% of respondents answered that they had liked the humanities. The second category of gifted students were the "artists." Among the 32% of respondents preferred subjects of art and artistic cycle such as piano, vocal, choral conducting, visual arts, choreography, design etc. The third category were "economists and lawyers" (the 7% of them preferred subjects of economic and the 5 % of them preferred the jurisprudential cycle), and the fourth one were "naturalists, scientists", 19% of them called subjects of science series such physics, The 41.1% of the respondents "humanitarians", answering the questionnaire "What book edition do you prefer?" called fiction, the 17% of them called books on art, art history, the 11.1% of them named the educational one, the 7% of them named the scientific popular publications, the 5.3% of them – socio-economic literature, the 3,2% of them – religious one, the 3.1% of them – books and textbooks, the 2,6% of them – natural scientific literature, the 2%of them – philosophical, the 2.2% of them – literature on cultural studies, the 2.1% of them – political, the 1.5% of them – technical, the 0.95% of them – art literature, the 0,85% of them – psychological. The question was 'What genres and topics you prefer to book literature?" The humanists said that they are most interested in classics (14.6%), poetry (9.2%), historical novel (8.7%), realistic story (7.3%), modern fiction (6.8%). The 6.5% of respondents like adventure, 6,4% – scientific fiction and fantasy, 5.5% – the modern novel, 5% – drama, the 4.6% of respondents admired detectives. In reading the 3.7% of respondents the specialty books dominate in such spheres historical – 3.3%, 3.2% – on religious subjects, 3.1% – political stories, 2.9% – horror and mysticism, 2 5% – melodrama (female romance). Publications on parenting are interested in the 1.2% of respondents, books about sex – 1.1%, interests (publications on gardening, housekeeping, cooking, etc.) – 1%, comedy books – 1%, astrology – 0.9%, psychology – 0.85%, esoteric – 0.65%. The 42.2% of respondents, being classified as "artist", responding to the questionnaire "What book edition do you prefer?" called fiction, 19% – books on art, art history, 9.7% – Fine Arts, 7 2% – religious, 7.1% – psychological, 4% – philosophical, 3.2% – cultural studies, 1.8% – books and textbooks, 1,3% – literature on education, 1.2% – scientific and popular publications, 1,1% – political literature, 0,9% – socio-economic, 0,8% – natural scientific literature, 0.5% – the technical literature. The question was 'What genres and topics you prefer to book literature?" The artists responded that they are most interested in classics (24.6%) and modern prose (11.8%). Poetry is being interested in – the 9.5% of respondents, historical novel – 6.6%, the modern novel – 6.3% and 5.8% – detectives. The structure of reading the 5.5% of respondents in this category a realistic novel dominated, adventure – 5.4%, fiction and fantasy – 4,4%, book comedy – 4.2%, drama – 3.8%. Publication of the specialty are interesting for the 2.7% of respondents, historical – 2.3%, religious – 1.1%, a political novel – 1%. The 0.9% of respondents like to read horror and mysticism, 0.8% – melodrama (female romance). Books on parenting interested in 0.7% of the respondents about sex – 0.7% interest (publications on gardening, housekeeping, cooking, etc.) – 0.6%, astrology – 0.6%, psychology – 0 5%, esoteric – 0.2%. The 34% of respondents classified as "economists and lawyers' answers to the questionnaire" What book edition do you prefer? " called fiction, 25.7% – socio-economic, 10% – natural sciences, 9% – philosophical, 6.2% – political, 5.8% – scientific and popular publications, 3% – books and textbooks, 2,1% – religious literature, 2% – on art, art history, 1% – the literature of cultural studies, 0.5% – educational, 0, 3% – technical, 0.2% – fine Arts, 0.2% – psychology. The tastes of this group of readers by genre and theme, divided in such a way poetry – 15.7%, classics – 13.6%, drama – 10%, a historical novel – 6.7%. The 6.4% of respondents like to read horror and mysticism, 5.5% – modern prose, 4.1% – a realistic story, 4.8% – scientific fiction and fantasy, 4,6% – detectives, 3.5% – adventures. The books on specialty preferred the 3.5% of respondentsv, comedy genre – 3.4%, a historical novel – 3.1%, political – 2.7%. The religious topics of interest of the 3% of the respondents, 1.4% prefer the modern novel, 1.3% – melodrama (female romance). Books about sex are interesting for 2%, the education of children – 1.2%. Books of interest – 1%, astrology – 0.1%, psychology – 2%, esoteric – 0.4%. The 49.6% respondents – "naturalists, scientists" among the priorities of book editions called natural-scientific literature, 11.7% – artistic, 9.5% – technical, 7.1% – books and textbooks, 5.1% – political literature, 5% – popular science, 2.8% – philosophical, 2.3% – books on art, art history, 2% – education, 1.9% – socioeconomic, 1.1% – religious, 0.8% – the literature of cultural studies, 0.6% – the literature of the fine arts, 0.5% – psychology. As for genres and themes of books, the most popular among the readers of this book are in the category of specialty – the 39.7% of respondents, historical – 8.3%, classics – 7.4%, poetry – 5.2%, a historical novel – 5.1 %, realistic story – 4.7%, political novel – 4.1%, modern prose – 3.7%. The 3.4% of respondents like adventure, 3.3% – scientific fiction and fantasy, 2.4% prefer the modern novel, 2.2% – drama, 2.1% – the publication of comedy, 2% – astrology, 1.7% – psychology, 1.4% – detective, 1.1% – religious subjects, 0.9% – horror and mysticism, 0.5% – melodrama (female romance). Publication of parenting are interesting for 0.4%, a book about sex – 0.2% interest publications – 0.2%. The author of the article also carried out the sociological and cultural analysis of the interests and priorities of the gifted person in the field of music. The 32% of respondents preferred the subjects of art and artistic cycle such as piano, vocal, choral conducting, visual arts, choreography, design, etc. On the basis of which they were classified as "artists." The largest number of respondents preferred piano and symphonic art (55, 8%). The second of the most popular with respondents artists is vocal art (22, 1%). On third place on the popularity of the respondents is choral art (15, 3%). The author proved the possibility of optimal control of the process of internalization of cultural properties gifted person in conditions amounting personal interests and needs that have the diverse orientation.

Етнофольклорна культура Буковини в умовах поліетнічних та глобалізаційних впливів

Author(s): Kateryna Hnydka / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2014

Nowadays, the negative effect of globalization is the disappearance of peculiarities of national cultures, their originality and self-identity. So it is very important to find ways and means to preserve them. One of such means is the development and translation of ethnic folk culture. Considering the regional fragmentation of the all Ukrainian culture it is scientifically justified to study local folk traditions, including Bukovyna as one of the specific historically ethnographic regions of Ukraine. Thant’s why it is necessary to examine the features of ethnic folk culture of Bukovyna region as a result of multinational cooperation and the state and ways of their preservation in terms of the globalization of modern society; to analyze foreign ethnic and cross-cultural influences on culture of Bukovyna as borderlands region; to identify Romanian and Moldovan cultural elements in folk traditions of Bukovyna’s land, which determine the uniqueness of its regional culture; to determine the value of modern folk festivals for the development and promotion of culture in the context of glokalizational and urbanizational processes. Bukovyna’s ethnically folk culture was formed under the conditions of its historical affiliation to various foreign countries (Moldavia, Turkey, Austria-Hungary, Romania, the Soviet Union) and its current border with Moldova and Romania. Today the region has entirely Romanian and Moldovan villages, which folklore certainly had an impact and still affects on traditional Bukovyna’s art and traditions. In the ceremonial and ritual images, in the arts and crafts, in amateur painting and architecture the people of Bukovyna established their originality and identity, high endowments, involvement in national unity with all Ukrainian people. In recent times, one of the most popular forms of interaction between people in modern culture is the festival. In the cultural context festival is perceived as a social and cultural phenomenon, a special form of intercultural communication, which is implemented within the creative and intellectual intentions of present day. Despite the fact that there are negative reviews about the quality and benefits of various festivals, in our opinion, folk festivals still perform their basic functions, such as popularization, preservation and restoration of traditions, and therefore, in view of increase in their size we can say that they attract more and more nationally conscious people. Thus, there are such folk, ethno-religious festivals in Bukovyna as "Malanka Fest", International Hutsul Festival, "Bukovyna’s meeting", "Obnowa Fest", "Kupala’s circle", "Bukovyna’s Branches", "Rainbow of Bukovyna" and others. It is important to emphasize the significance of comparatively ethnographic analysis of common artistically stylistic features of Bukovyna’s costumes and clothing with neighboring Slavic nations, indicating that the ensemble of folk costumes late XIX – early XX century was the result of a long and difficult path of historical development of the region. For centuries its artistic qualities were formed in close contact with the costume complexes of Romanian, Moldovan, Russian people. Researching the features of Bukovyna’s folk culture it is necessary to note regional specificity of embroidery. Regional peculiarity of Bukovyna’s shirts is that the end of the sleeves and hem are decorated with broad band of wreaths "tsyrka". "Tsyrka" is a delicate openwork with complex geometrized-floral ornament, made with white silk. The reflection of snow-white silk contrast with colorful beaded embroidery gives the shirt a unique look. This is the gold page of Bukovyna’s embroidery, which is unparalleled. So such factors as the historical interaction with the cultures of other peoples and modern boundary mutual influence of Romanian and Moldovan population, on the basis of Ukrainian culture created its own original folk ethnic culture of Bukovyna. Mainly most of folk rituals and customs, as well as all possible kinds of folk art, including folk costumes, embroidery and carpet art are represented on ethnic festivals, which acquired its features through constant cross-cultural and multi-ethnic interaction. Actually thanks to the folklore Ukrainian people are able to preserve their originality and identity, to give impetus to the material and spiritual prosperity and revival of national culture

Művészeti témájú bölcsész hallgatói dolgozatok a debreceni egyetemen 1914–1949

Author(s): Viktória Tamusné Molnár / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2016

Polonoznawczy Kongres Interdyscyplinarny w Pradze

Author(s): Krystyna Kardyni-Pelikanova / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2013

Подієвий туризм як історико-культурне явище

Author(s): Lesia Mykolayivna Ustymenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2013

The article present conception and social functions of event tourism. Eventful tourism, as a separate type of tourism, deserves considerable attention, so as develops rapid enough rates. However, in a scientific mind his essence and becoming are reflected not enough. Development of eventful tourism, his problem and prospect examined labours of Bobok В. The row of scientists marks the necessity of the use of eventful resources for organization of tourist activity, in particular Beydik О., Smal І., but it is not presented authors integral system and theoretical ground of essence of eventful tourism. Eventful tourism considerably extends the limits of pleasure all growing necessities of modern tourists, that already not enough traditional trips, where combines, as a rule rest and making healthy with the small amount of excursions. Practicing eventful tourism, people become the living witnesses of most events in the world of sport, culture and art. From the public point of view, development of eventful tourism is very important, as he will realize such important for society functions as: economic, cognitive, recreational and entertaining, that are the basic functions of tourism. The last three functions carry more subjective character, as a measure of cognitive, recreational and entertaining efficiency for every tourist – visitor of certain events will be different. Indisputable is economic efficiency of development of eventful tourism, that allows most optimally to even oscillation of tourist seasonality. For many tourist regions, resorts, cities and small towns of realization of corresponding events is the additional source of money receivables, and if a west is visited yet and by foreign tourists, currency. Therefore in development of eventful tourism, local communities are interested as a rule. Defined stages of development of event tourism. Development of event tourism conditionally can be divided into three basic stages. First stage – from the oldest times second half of 19th of century is the initial stage of development of eventful tourism. It is possible to consider any trips that came true in old times with the aim of visit of holiday or competition the predecessors of future eventful tourism. For example, holiday of Dionis, devoted vintage or the Olympic games. Events were, as a rule, local scale and national. Second stage – from second half of 19th of century to second half of 20th of century is the stage of becoming of the organized eventful tourism. First, who put beginning to the organized trips sanctified to the certain event there was an Englishman Thomas Cook. In 1851 in the London Hade Park large pavilion was built for a trade-industrial exhibition. Knowing about it, Thomas Cook decided to organize journeys on an exhibition for the different categories of population. Third stage – from second half of 20th of century to our days is the stage of mass distribution and functioning of eventful tourism. In the second half of 20th centuries get new lines, of the cities of realization become and other Venetian, Brazilian carnivals get world popularity. Regularly conducted and attract millions of tourists and fans the Olympic Games, world and continents cups from the different types of sport. Begin and become traditional film festivals. Present classification of event tourism. For today there are a bit determinations of that it follows to understand under eventful tourism, and also classification going near his systematization. However, it follows to distinguish a few basic thematic directions: national festivals and holidays, theatricalising shows, theatrical festivals, gastronomic holidays, flower-shows, shows of fashions, auctions, sport events, musical concerts and festivals. Eventful tourism it follows to classify on next criteria: use of corresponding tourist resources; the subjects of basic event; оn scale of event (international level (Brazilian carnival, Olympic games), national level (a festival is in Sheshori on Ukraine), regional (sport competitions of regional level), local level (Days of cities, villages and others like that); regularity of realization (are regular events and events(for example, festival of film in Canny or Olympic games), are unique events(for example, opening of the Suez channel or wedding of the British prince William). It is basic classification of tourism. But she can be perfected yet by other criteria. If to analyse the basic world centers of eventful tourism, then majority them settling down in Europe. And among countries by leaders in relation to organization and realization of different events, that give an opportunity to realization of eventful tourism there is France, Italy, Germany, Great Britain. Some events that is conducted in these countries already have centuries-old history.

Staging Ethnicity: Cultural Politics and Musical Practices of Roma Performers in Budapest

Author(s): Gergő Pulay / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

During the last two decades Roma musical styles have gone through numerous changes in Central and Eastern Europe. The effects of these cannot be assessed merely through changing musical performances and products in themselves, they must also be seen through the ways the Roma shape their relationships with their broader social surroundings. In spite of this, music-making is often considered as marginal compared to the mainstream issues of Roma research, justified by oppositions such as the one between the ‘sunny side’ of cultural creativity and the ‘gloomy side’ of everyday life in Roma communities. This view can be supported by some of the academic accounts that depict Roma performers as ‘apolitical’ subjects who are closer to the members of the majority – in the role of service-providers – than to their own co-ethnics. This paper introduces a case that counters these assumptions. Based on the heritage of the Roma cultural movement in Hungary, Roma performers and their practices of music-making were placed in direct association with the struggles for recognition in post-socialism. Especially from the 2000s on, these musical and discursive resources were deployed by Roma performers in their project to create a music scene and a niche market in the subcultural landscape of Budapest. Through their participation in this market, Roma performers had been engaging with the micropolitics of recognition and social participation. The liminal space defined by musical events determined both the possibilities and the limits of the experiments in which Roma performers and their mixed Roma and non-Roma Hungarian audiences were involved. The paper discusses the development of this niche, including the content, the politics and the space of musical performance.

L’ART RELIGIEUX EN HONGRIE ET EN ROUMANIE - RELATIONS ET INTERACTIONS DES ANNÉES 90 À NOS JOURS

Author(s): László Beke / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2014

Having been himself a witness of these events, László Beke describes the spirit that inspired the Hungarian-Romanian relationship in the beginning of the 1990s. He identifies a kind of hide-and-seek game played by contemporary art and the nation, as well as an effort undertaken in search of good neighbourly relations, somewhere at the intersection of cosmopolitism and provincialism.

ENTHUSIASM FOR A HEREDITARY ENEMY: SOME ASPECTS OF THE ROOTS OF HUNGARIAN TURKOPHILE SENTIMENTS

Author(s): Iván Jr. Bertényi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

This paper examines the changes that took place in the image of the Ottoman Turks in Hungary during the 19th century. Though the Ottoman attacks in the 15th and 16th centuries destroyed the medieval Kingdom of Hungary and the following 150 years of the Ottoman rule in Hungary had considerable negative consequences, by the end of the 19th century negative sentiments regarding the Turks shifted, and during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 there were enthusiastic pro-Turkish demonstrations in Budapest. The paper analyses the causes of this turn in Hungarian historical thinking and demonstrates, e.g. through the themes of the most popular historical paintings of the 19th century, that more recent anti-Habsburg and anti-Russian sentiments among the Hungarians led to active support for the Turks, if only in a peaceful way, since the foreign policy of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy remained neutral.

THE ICONOGRAPHY, DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF THE 19TH CENTURY PLAYING-CARDS BY THE UNGER FAMILY FROM GYŐR

Author(s): Claudia Wunderlich / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2012

The present article offers new evidence on the Unger playing-card making family of Győr, Western Transdanubia, as the result of a cross-disciplinary study. Mátyás Unger the Elder (1789-1862) and his like-named son Mátyás the Younger (1824–1878) produced various types of playing-cards from the early to mid-19th century. In particular, their cards, their iconography, design and production process will be analysed. The family is best known for their cards with Sopron (Oedenburg) pattern. Also discussed will be the role of Mátyás the Elder’s second eldest son Alajos Unger as a possible designer of the later Unger cards, which were of considerably higher quality than the earlier known ones by Mátyás Unger the Elder. The hitherto little-known Alajos Unger was trained as a draughtsman and painter first at the National Drawing School of his hometown and then, between 1833 and 1842, at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, particularly under Leopold Kupelwieser (1796–1862). Finally an innovative outside-in bottom-up method for gaining further, reliable insight into 19th century artisanal playing-card manufacturing will be proposed to determine the size, output and profitability of the Unger workshop based on material-flow simulation.