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Hague arbitration court to consider case brought by oligarch Igor Kolomoisky against Russia.
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Hague arbitration court to consider case brought by oligarch Igor Kolomoisky against Russia.
More...Diecezjalne archiwa historyczne w Polsce. Proces organizowania
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The study deals with the issue of using public-private partnership to implement public tasks. This article aims to assess the development of public-private partnerships in Poland. The publication also attempts to identify obstacles and threats that hinder the use of public-private partnerships in Poland. The enactment of new regulations contributed to development of public-private partnership in Poland. It resulted in 82 contracts for public-private partnership,which were implemented between 2009-2014. The weakness of the polish PPP market is the low efficiency of proclaimed proceedings. The sectoral structure and the low value of the projects differentiate the PPP market in Poland from the market in Europe and the world.
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Some essential factors deciding on creation of the logistics policy of the European Union has been discussed in this article. It was underlined in this article the substantial importance of the system and regulation changes in the European transport to form the policy in the domain of the logistics. It was defined also in this article the objectives and the scope for the policy of the logistics. It was also presented there some essential factors having an influence on the effectiveness of the logistics systems, such as: telematics technologies, qualification of the logistics personnel, state of the infrastructure and its utilization, standardization of the loading operations. There was also discussed in this article the influence of the liberation on the formation of effective functioning the transport system as well as the importance of the intermodal transport in the European logistics policy.
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The paper points to problems arising from multi-center and multi-level regulation of contracts of carriage of passengers after the entry into force of regulations issued by the institutions of the European Union. The provisions of various acts, enacted by various institutions at different times, being subject to different rules of interpretation apply to one contract of carriage. EU Regulations refer to different and inconsistent criteria of validity which are not always easy to verify. Moreover, those regulations allow the temporary exemptions from their application, which arise from the provisions of domestic law, other than the provisions governing contracts of carriage. The author describes consequences of the adopted method of protection of passengers in the European Union. The paper includes also some comments on the development prospects of the passengers protection system in the European Union law for the purpose of ensuring not only the high level of such protection, but also the clarity of the solutions and their effectiveness.
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The first Georgian Parliament was formed during the reign of Queen Tamara I. The Karavi had full legislative power and very broad range of other powers. Until the twentieth century there had been no longer any initiatives concerning the foundations of Parliament. This condition changed in 1918, when after the declaration of independence, Georgian parliamentarism began to emerge. However, the initiative was stopped in 1921, when Georgia lost its independence again.
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The history of the Polish parliamentarianism has aroused numerous disputes since long due to many factors, causing difficulties in determining the beginnings of existence of this institution in the former Poland. The basic problem emerged in the distinction of the term “Sejm” (“Polish Parliament”) from the earlier rallies, court veches, local conventions or those covering larger areas of the country, or even all-state conventions, summoned by the particular regional dukes and after the unification of the state by monarchs. The disputes were related to the critical look at the role of Parliament in the history of the state: some glorified it, others expressed their critical view, determined by the historical school which the particular author belonged to. During those disputes, the final form was gained by the Polish Parliament as a bicameral parliament with the king, as one of the states, with the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies in the years 1493–1505.
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The country assembly is a form of direct exercise of power by the local community (direct democracy). It is the body of a specific settlement, which is an auxiliary unit created in Poland by the commune. The organization of a country assembly, as well as its tasks, are defined in the statute of the settlement, accepted by the commune council. The country assembly, as a collective body, plays an important role in carrying out the tasks transferred to the settlement and also it exerts an impact on how to use the property administered by the settlement.
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The results of the referendum regarding the UK leaving the European Union indicated that the majority of British citizens, who are also citizens of the EU, decided to leave the European Union. The citizens’ decision has serious legal consequences arising from Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty. This is the first case of a state leaving the European Union, which raises many questions. In the presented material, the institution of referendum is being analyzed as a form of direct democracy as well as, in this context, the effects of Brexit affecting directly the citizens of Great Britain – ex-citizens of the European Union.
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The right of EU citizens residing in another Member State, to vote and stand in elections to the European Parliament is a major achievement of the European democracy. In the light of EU citizens’ still insufficient knowledge concerning the opportunities and benefits brought in by this right, it is worth making this institution more familiar to themin a straightforward way, at the same time balancing criticism towards the idea of the EU.
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The establishment of the Eurasian Economic Union in 2015 is a yet another step in the process of forming a common market on the territory of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Armenia and the Kyrgyz Republic. The statutory objective of the Eurasian Union is an economic integration of the member states, and, in particular, the establishment of a common market of goods, services, capital, and workforce. The Eurasian Economic Union is not a brand new integration project, but more of a continuation of activities undertaken in the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States, and also in the framework of – no longer existing – the Eurasian Economic Community. It should be noted that in 2016 the Eurasian Economic Union is prognosticated to include the Republic of Tajikistan, which will result in expansion of the common market of goods, services, capital and workforce.
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Each year the Czech Republic hosts several conferences on the history and development of domestic legislation, and on selected major events from legal history. Organizers of these events are usually particular Departments of Legal History, which are part of one of the four Faculties of Law (Brno, Prague, Olomouc, Pilsen). The purpose of this chronologically arranged overview is to acquaint readers with conferences, colloquia, and summer schools held in the Czech Republic in 2014.
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The Sejm’s Commission of Social Politics and Family introduced a project of the law that pioneers a new type of adoption to the Polish law called “recommended adoption”. Generally speaking, the adoption in question allows the parents to point out the adopters. The parents’ choice is, without prejudice to the other provisions, binding for the court. The paper’s aim is to analyze the new legal institution in terms of theology and law of the Roman Catholic Church and the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland. The conclusion is that the proposed law is coherent with the teaching and legal discipline of the Churches. But there is still space for de lege ferenda postulate, that the bill’s list of candidates for the adopters should be extended to include the sponsors. The sponsors seem to be very suitable candidates for adopters. First, because the parents themselves pointed out the sponsors, and secondly, because both the Catholic and the Lutheran legal regulations demand a lot from sponsors with the result that they already are well evaluated and carefully selected persons.
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Abstract: This paper deals with legal and economic considerations dissemination and promotion of cultural heritage. The aim of the paper was to analyse if the existing national strategy concerning cultural heritage protection accepts the use of new technologies in cultural heritage management and education of society.
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The period of transition, and transformation of the political structure of society, which is reflected in the introduction of the multiparty system and that the aim of democratization of the electoral system has led to fundamental changes in political, as well as on the social front, cultural and economic. The transition period, which is in Bosnia and Herzegovina began with democratic parliamentary elections in 1990 is greatly affected at the condition of archival material, its degree of arrangement and protection. The present state of judiciary registry material is a result of the transitional processes that has affected and still affects the material.
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Report from the International Scientific Conference "Contemporary Migration Trends and Flows on the Territory of Southeast Europe", Zagreb, Croatia, 10. – 11. November 2016.
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Ovaj policy dokument daje prijedloge izmjena i dopuna Zakona o radu Federacije BiH koje je potrebno provesti kako bi se unaprijedila zaštita prava povezanih sa majčinstvom, očinstvom i brigom o djeci tj. povezanih sa porodičnim životom, kao i stvorili bolji uslovi za ostvarivanje ravnopravnosti spolova u porodičnom i druš- tvenom životu u BiH. Sve formulisane preporuke su pripremljene kao odgovor na identificirane probleme koji se u pomenutoj oblasti javljaju u praksi i koji nepovoljno djeluju na nesmetanu primjenu principa ravnopravnosti spolova u privatnoj i profesionalnoj sferi, kao i na zaštitu osnovnih vrijednosti porodičnog života. Preporuke su kao takve usmjerene na unapređenje zaštite ljudskih prava u navedenoj sferi, oslanjajući se na relevantne međunarodne i standarde prava Evropske Unije, te dobru komparativnu praksu, kao i potrebu harmoniziranja standarda zaštite koje pružaju različiti izvori radnog zakonodavstva unutar BiH i relevantni dokumenti iz oblasti ravnopravnosti spolova. Navodimo nekoliko ključnih intervencija koje je u tom smislu potrebno načiniti u Zakonu o radu FBiH: 1. Uvesti rodno neutralan termin “roditeljsko odsustvo” i pružiti adekvatnu definiciju ovog prava, uz istovremeno omogućavanje podjele odsustva među roditeljima i njegovog korištenja u više dijelova, čime bi se podstakla praksa ravnopravnog korištenja ovog prava oba roditelja. 2. Uvesti dodatne ključne stimulanse za očeve radi korištenja roditeljskog odsustva: Ako je otac koristio mjesec dana roditeljsko odsustvo, koje je određeno kao odsustvo koje traje 12 mjeseci, isto se produži za mjesec dana, tako da traje 13 mjeseci. 3. Izdvojiti kao zakonsku kategoriju posebno pravo na očinsko odsustvo i predviđanje trajanja do deset radnih dana. 4. Izvršiti terminološko usklađivanje kako bi zaštita prava u vezi sa otkazom u kontekstu trudnoće i roditeljstva bila jasno obezbijeđena za oba roditelja. 5. Predvidjeti automatsko produženje ugovora o radu na određeno vrijeme do isteka korištenja prava na roditeljsko odsustvo. 6. Osigurati pravo svih radnika/ca da za vrijeme trajanja i po isteku roditeljskog odsustva (ili majčinskog/očinskog odsustva) zadrže radno mjesto i uvjete rada, tj. status koji su prethodno imali/e. 7. Predvidjeti principe posebne zaštite za vrijeme trudnoće, nakon poroda, te radi njege djeteta. 8. Zabraniti zahtijevanje podataka ne samo o trudnoći, nego i uopšte o bračnom statusu i planiranju porodice, i ne ograničavati ovu zabranu na već zaposlene radnice, nego eksplicitno referirati i na one koje apliciraju za radno mjesto. 9. Predvidjeti da žena može samo iznimno, na vlastiti zahtjev, uz saglasnost poslodavca, koristiti kraće porođajno odsustvo. 10. Ponovo vratiti u zakonski tekst produženo roditeljsko odsustvo u trajanju od 18 mjeseci u slučaju rođenja blizanaca, trećeg i svakog sljedećeg djeteta. 11. Predvidjeti odgovarajuće kaznene odredbe koje bi imale odvraćajući efekat od kršenja ključnih prava u vezi sa roditeljstvom.
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Sarajevski otvoreni centar je tokom 2015. godine ispred Inicijative za monitoring evropskih integracija BiH radio na izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o zabrani diskriminacije BiH. Početkom 2015. izradili smo analizu o usklađenosti Zakona sa evropskom pravnom stečevinom, a za radnu grupu za izradu izmjena i dopuna zakona spremili smo paket amandmana uz obrazloženja. Radna grupa je određeni dio amandmana preuzela, a u dijalogu sa Ministarstvom za ljudska prava i izgbjeglice BiH uspjeli smo da unaprijedimo i neke druge odredbe. U decembru 2015. Vijeće ministara BiH je utvrdilo prijedlog zakona o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o zabrani diskriminacije BiH. Pored proceduralnih pitanja, izmjene i dopune predviđaju i jasno navođenje dobi, invaliditeta, seksualne orijentacije, rodnog identiteta i spolnih karakteristika kao osnova na kojima je zabranjena diskriminacije. Uvodi se zabrana diskriminacije na osnovu povezanosti sa ugroženom grupom, te su poboljšane definicije uznemiravanja i seksualnog uznemiravanja. Poticanje na diskriminaciju više nije ograničeno na pitanje vjerske, nacionalne i rasne mržnje, nego je od sada poticanje zabranjeno na svim osnovama. Poslanici u Predstavničkom domu Parlamentarne skupštine BiH, Borislav Bojić i Nikola Lovrinović, te delegat u Domu naroda Parlamentarne skupštine BiH, Halid Genjac, dostavili su amandmane na predložene izmjene i dopune Zakona o zabrani diskriminacije BiH. U kratkom roku izradili smo komentar na dostavljene amandmane sa ciljem da podržimo dobra rješenja ali i da reagujemo na uočene probleme po pitanju amandmana zastupnika Nikole Lovrinovića i delegata Halida Genjca. U izradi ovog komentara rukovodili smo se komparativnim rješenjima koja proizilaze iz pozitivnih zakonskih rješenja u BiH (npr. Zakon o zaštiti potrošača BiH, entitetski zakoni o parničnom postupku), odredbama Povelje o temeljnim pravima EU, te važećim antidisktiminacijskim direktivama koje definišu obaveze država članica kao i budućih država članica, te praksom Suda Evropske unije.
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The subject of this paper is a short presentation of opinions of the Czech authors expressed in the monograph “Introduction to the land law”. By the land law the authors of this monograph mean an interdisciplinary area of law which deals with the sources, methods, principles and tools of private and public law concerning legal relations which subject is land. The land law reveals strict and direct relation with the environmental law. After each of 17 chapters of this monograph resemblances and differences with the Polish law are presented.
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Legal regime of access to information on the environment in Russian Federation law is significantly different from the one accepted by the member states of the European Union. Its main characteristic is the lack of a single legal act regulating all aspects of this subject. The aim of the article is to present solutions that were adopted in this area in the provisions concerning ecological expertise, which is one of the most important institutions in russian environmental law.
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