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Целью настоящей статьи является продемонстрировать историкам прессы и театра, материалы о С. Выспянском, которые публиковались в 1906-1907 годах на страницах виленских ежедневних газет „Kurier Litewski” и „Dziennik Wileński”. Данный материал обсуждается хроно логически, (т.е. так как печатались обе газеты) и включает в себя нетолько статьи, театральные рецензии и статьи после смерти С. Выс- пянского, но и небольшие заметки, редакционные информации свя занные с автором Свадьбы. 1905-1907 годы это период возрожения польской политически- культурной жизни на территории бывшего Великого Литовского Кня жества. Особенно обращалось тогда внимание на национально-патрио тическую роль польского театра, которого выдающимся представителем был тогда С. Выспянски. Обсуждаемый материал показывает как виленские поляки относились к творчеству С. Выспянского и какова бы ла реакция польской критики в Вильно, Ковно и Минске после смерти поэта в 1907 году.
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The subject of this article is the contemporary usage of feminitives (specifically the names of occupations and functions), which traditionally are most often derived from masculine names. The article presents a contrastive analysis of feminitive usage in three Slavic languages: Bulgarian, Polish and Russian. The article examines the problem of linguistic asymmetry in the creation of feminine names in the three languages and presents the views of renowned linguists on the issue.
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The study examines address terms (ATs) used by the Russian ethnic minority of Lithuania (RuL) focusing primarily on the vocative use of anthroponyms and on the zero vocative, including in combination with T/V forms of address. Our aim is to explore how ethnic and social characteristics of offline and online communities can influence address strategies in a multicultural environment and assess possible communicative risks. The article draws on the findings from two studies. We first present data from a survey conducted among RuL speakers examining their prevalent ATs, used alongside T/V forms, in offline communication. We then analyse ATs in the publications and comments sections in popular Facebook social network groups used by the RuL community. The study examines the speech behaviour of the RuL community in light of the geopolitical and sociolinguistic situation and seeks to determine factors influencing the choice of a particular form of address. The findings suggest that the RuL speakers present an emerging new identity of Russian speakers and have implications for future research on the enregisterment practices of ATs among Russian speakers of the post-Soviet space.
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Anya v strane chudes Vladimira Nabokova jako przykład adaptacji
This paper explores a Russian translation of Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland made by Vladimir Nabokov in 1923. A significant aspect of its emergence relates to the fact that the target text was created when the writer and many other representatives of the Russian intelligentsia were living in exile. The starting point for the article is the hypothesis that Nabokov’s version is an adaptation. The aim of the paper is to show how adaptive procedures influence the original and what profits and losses they produce. The author focuses on two elements of the book: the names of the characters and literary allusions both filtered through the Russian culture by the translator. Their juxtaposition with the original reveals changes in the semantic layer of proper names and in the formal structure of parodied texts.Nevertheless, this “domestication” also brings a new value. It enriches the target text with an additional therapeutic function which allowed Russian expatriates and their children to deal with hardships of exile and to keep Russian canonical literary works in their minds.
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This article attempts to verify the historically set axioms associated with the lengthening of vowels in word endings and its origin that are still popular in the normative tradition of Lithuanian linguistics; first of all, it posits that language contact affects the duration of vowels of Lithuanian mother tongue speakers in Vilnius and that lengthening of vowels thus originates from Russian and Polish. The article compares the pronunciation of three groups of Vilnius residents: 1) Lithuanian (those who grew up in Lithuanian-speaking families), 2) bilingual (those who grew up in a family where only one of the parents was Lithuanian and both Lithuanian and Russian / Polish or another Slavic language were used) and 3) native Russian and Polish speakers. The formulated hypothesis is that if longer endings occur in the speech of native Lithuanian speakers because of the influence of Slavic languages, those respondents who grew up in bilingual families and spoke Lithuanian and Russian or Polish at home would produce a longer /i/ and /u/ than native Lithuanian speakers from monolingual Lithuanian families. After comparative analysis of the stressed vowel duration in endings produced by respondents of different ethnic and linguistic backgrounds, it became evident that language contact was not the reason why native Lithuanian speakers produce not only short, but also long vowel variants in word endings.
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The monograph is concerned with the issue of distinguishing arguments (actants, complements) from modifiers (circumstants, adjuncts). While this distinction is widely assumed in contemporary linguistics (also in Polish grammars and valency dictionaries), it is difficult to define it operationally. The book questions the existence of this dichotomy and proposes an approach to the formal grammar and to the valency dictionary which does not rely on this distinction.
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The article provides an overview of audio description landscape in Russia and Greece. It dwells upon the legal issues of providing audio description, comparing national legislation on media accessibility and Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons, and their impact on the development of media accessibility services in these countries. Special attention is focused on describers’ training both as degree training and further education courses. It also highlights insufficient financial support of accessibility services as one of the reasons for the slow development of Audio Description in Russia and Greece. The article analyzes the new opportunities for providing media accessibility, such as mobile applications and voluntary projects. It also presents an example of a service which can be viewed as a best practice to be shared and spread across other countries – an application Искусство.Вслух (Art.Vocally) with audio descriptions of theatre plays voiced by prominent actors and actresses, that was funded by one of the biggest banks of Russia. The article concludes by listing the possible solutions which might spur the development of Russian and Greek audio description
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The aim of the article is to analyze the ethnic and linguistic identification of the Ukrainian-speaking population in the south-eastern part of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. This region is inhabited by the population of the Orthodox denomination, for whom the language spoken at home is Ukrainian (dialect). The article describes the ethnic and linguistic self-identifications of the older generation of the Podlasie residents. The author is interested in how the Ukrainian-speaking residents identify "their own" and "strangers", how they are identified by "strangers": the Polishspeaking majority and Belarusian-speaking minority, and how they themselves identify these groups of "strangers" and whether these identifications coincide. The material basis for the analyses is dialectological research carried out in Podlasie region.
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Polish auxiliary clitics constitute an interesting set of data which draws attention to cross-linguistic differences among Slavic languages. A general principle for clitic placement in Indo-European languages is the one described by Jacob Wackernagel in his 1892 work. He concluded that clitics appeared in the second position in the clause, after the first word in a sentence. This pattern was true to some degree in Old Church Slavonic and still holds for a number of contemporary Slavic languages e.g. Serbo-Croatian, Slovene, Czech and Slovak which have second position clitics. Bulgarian and Macedonian have verb adjacent pronominal clitics and Polish has auxiliary clitics (Migdalski 2007, 2010, Pancheva 2005). Also in the older versions of Polish language the above mentioned tendency was strong. In Modern Polish auxiliary clitics attach to the l-participle most frequently. However, one of the unusual properties they possess is the ability to choose almost every clausal element for their host. Polish auxiliary clitics can trigger morphophonological alternations on their hosts, which is an affix-like property; however, at the same time they display clearly clitic-like behaviour when they attach freely to words of any lexical class. The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the morpho-syntactic properties of two kinds of auxiliary clitics: bound and free. The bound clitics carry person-number agreement markers for past tense (the so called ‘floating’ or ‘mobile’ inflections). The free clitic is the morpheme by used for conditional and subjunctive mood.
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The article is connected to the project “DiAsPol250” in which Polish is compared to Czech and Russian from the perspective of the evolution of their aspect systems (http://www.diaspol.uw.edu. pl/). We make use of existing synchronic and diachronic electronic corpora and are building a corpus of our own with annotated aspect pairs; we also create a database of aspect triplets whose role we consider as particularly important for the system. We want to assess which changes have occurred since the mid-18th century in prefixing and suffixing strategies of verb stems, both in general and by comparing particular prefixes and suffixes, especially so-called natural (vs. specialized) prefixes (according to Janda et al., 2013). The article supplies a sketch of the general premises of the project, and it summarizes our experience with existing large corpora and databases which we have been employing. We also present a case study in order to demonstrate a procedure designed to compare the distribution of the Czech prefix z- in triplets and in the corpus. This procedure is meant to check more general tendencies; it also illustrates why electronic corpora cannot be replaced in research on distributional properties and why their role does not consist simply in providing examples for the illustration of hypotheses.
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The subject of the description are language expressions with a black component in contemporary Spanish and Russian language. The research material has been extracted from the latest Spanish and Russian dictionaries. The analysis is conducted in lexical and semantic terms using cognitive description methods. The purpose of the description is to show tendency of the black colour to conceptualize around negative semantics. As the lexicographic analysis of the black color shows, the tendency towards the negative connotation of this color, whose semantics are combined with: coal, carbon, tar or tunnel inlet, is clearly visible in the three studied languages. The collected research material of language expressions with a black component allows for the separation of a number of groups with pejorative connotations related to the bad character of a person, with illegality and crime, in addition with sadness and negative view of the world, and also with culturally negative behavior, as well as with deficiency and lack, and with evil powers and devilish rituals.
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Recently the number of foreign students in Ukrainian universities, particularly in medical schools, significantly has increased. The most important problem for foreign students is the process of adaptation in Ukrainian society. This is especially acute for first-year students who do not yet have an experience of residency in other countries. The most important thing for them is to understand the peculiarities of social and cultural structures of the new society. In the educational process of higher education institutions this understanding is formed by studying the disciplines of the humanities cycle, the most important of which are the History of Ukraine and Ukrainian Culture occupies. In recent years the educational and psychological aspects have been studied by such scientists as O. Adamenko, N. Batanina, T. Pylypyshyn, S. Bondarenko, S. Boeva, I. Melnychuk and others. So, in particular, S. Boeva in his report “Methods and Peculiarities of Teaching History of Ukraine to Foreign Students” clearly explains the specifics of work of Ukrainian teachers with foreign students on the example of the course “History of Ukraine”. The author emphasizes the humanization and humanization of the educational process, taking into account the specific adaptation of foreign students in Ukrainian society. In addition, the first two textbooks on the history of Ukraine in English were published in 2008 by Svitlana Boeva. A profound analysis of the peculiarities of social adaptation of foreign students in the field of Ukrainian language study has been made by teachers of the Department of Social Sciences and Ukrainian Studies of the Bukovynian State Medical University. Many articles are published annually on the peculiarities of studying and mastering the subject of the Ukrainian language, taking into account the peculiarities of the mentality of foreign citizens. However, the peculiarities of studying and mastering by foreign students of the human sciences remain unexplored, which proves the relevance of our study.
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The review of: 1) PÁTROVICS Péter: A lengyel igeaspektus kérdései. Lengyel–magyar strukturális aspektusszótár [Вопросы польского глагольного вида. Польско-венгерский структурно-аспектуальный словарь]. Budapest: Lengyel Kutatóintézet és Múzeum, 2018. 220 p. 2) WITZLACK-MAKAREVICH Kai (Hg.): Kalkierungs- und Entlehnungssprachen in der Slavia: Boris Unbegaun zum 120. Geburtstag. Berlin: Frank & Timme, 2018. 363 S. 3) SZOFRICS Pál: Képek Szentendre – és a szerbség – történetéből [Images from the History of Szentendre and the Serbs]. (Szentendrei füzetek.) Szentendre: Pest Megyei Könyvtár, 2017. 242 p. 4) JUVAN Marko: Hibridni žanri. Študije o križancih izkustva, mišljenja in literature [Hybrid Genres: Studies on Hybrids of Experience, Thought, and Literature]. Ljubljana: Literarno-umetniško društvo Literatura, 2017. 220 p. 5) ПИЛИПЕНКО Г. Языковая и этнокультурная ситуация воеводинских венгров. Взгляд «изнутри» и «извне». Санкт-Петербург: «Нестор-История», 2017. 336 с. 6) ДРОНОВ П. С. Очерки по культурным трансферам во фразеологии. Москва: Институт языкознания РАН, 2018. 102 с.
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This paper focuses on systematizing current research on the Moscowurban dialect and qualifying this category to the developed methodology in the study of Czech and Polish urban dialects. The attempt to systematize this formation provides a basis for the confrontational cultural-lingual study of the urban space of the Warsaw urban dialect, Brno slang – Hantec, and Moscow urban dialect.
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The article presents the analysis of distant technologies that are utilised by the world methodological society: a set of distance technologies (desktop videoconferencing, e-mail, voicemail, online chat, web-based resources, e-learning platforms), synchronous/asynchronous technologies, m-learning/e-learning technologies. These technologies were analysed from scientific positions concerning their typology, essential characteristics, and linguistic and methodological potential. The authors of the article also provide distance technologies that can be used when teaching Russian language as foreign for medical purposes: synchronous technologies, professional websites, e-learning platforms, e-mails, mobile applications. The verification of distant technologies’ usage is conducted experimentally. The obtained results show that distance learning is useful and should be used in teaching foreign languages for other levels and professional purposes. Not only does the success of distance educational courses depend on the distance technologies that are provided by a teacher, but also we should rely on the consistent and integrated efforts of students, faculty, facilitators, support staff, and administrators.
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