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Целью настоящей статьи является продемонстрировать историкам прессы и театра, материалы о С. Выспянском, которые публиковались в 1906-1907 годах на страницах виленских ежедневних газет „Kurier Litewski” и „Dziennik Wileński”. Данный материал обсуждается хроно логически, (т.е. так как печатались обе газеты) и включает в себя нетолько статьи, театральные рецензии и статьи после смерти С. Выс- пянского, но и небольшие заметки, редакционные информации свя занные с автором Свадьбы. 1905-1907 годы это период возрожения польской политически- культурной жизни на территории бывшего Великого Литовского Кня жества. Особенно обращалось тогда внимание на национально-патрио тическую роль польского театра, которого выдающимся представителем был тогда С. Выспянски. Обсуждаемый материал показывает как виленские поляки относились к творчеству С. Выспянского и какова бы ла реакция польской критики в Вильно, Ковно и Минске после смерти поэта в 1907 году.
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Граматиката на Мелетий Смотрицки през очите на Йозеф Добровски
At the beginning of the 19th century, the “father of Slavic philology” Josef Dobrovský published his work entitled Basics of the Old Slavonic Language (1822). In doing so, he did not step on a previously untrodden ground but took as a basis the famous Slavonic Grammar (1619) by Meletius Smotritsky. The present text attempts to compare the point of view of the two authors, separated by 200 years, towards the same literary language – the Church Slavonic. It appears that while Meletius looked forward to the future, Dobrovsky looked back to the oldest state of an already classical language.
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The article presents an analysis of the peculiarities of the origin of the secondary form дрозки ‘rolling pin’ and highlights the specifics of the existence of variant forms of the noun in the Ukrainian language from the end of the 19th to the end of the 20th century. The analyzed word is a phonetic variant of the literary noun друзки , which is a loan translation of the Polish noun used in the construction rozbić w druzgi . The adaptation of the Polish phrase in Western Ukrainian dialects led to the emergence of the noun дрізки , which is a literary variant of the noun друзки . In the east, Ukrainian dialects mostly retain the form of друзки , which in the 17th century, as a result of analogy, changed to дрозки . The change took place in the Poltava region, from where a new phonetic form as a component of the construction of побити на дрозки extended into the adjacent territories. Sporadically written texts recorded the analyzed name before the early 1930s, but later the noun дрозки became obsolete in the Ukrainian language.
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This article uses the material of anonymous Internet forums to analyse the semantic field of deception by the instrumentality of artificial neural networks. Two major imageboards were investigated: 2ch.hk and 4chan.org, being the most popular Russian and American imageboards. For the experiment an algorithm called Word2vec was used to examine 30 million word usages for either of the languages. This analysis revealed 10 words with the greatest semantic proximity to terms from semantic fields of «deception» for Russian and American English. The results showed the tendency among native Russian imageboard users to link the concept of deception with religion and spiritual sphere, while American forum users associate deception with politics and related concepts.
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The subject of this article is the contemporary usage of feminitives (specifically the names of occupations and functions), which traditionally are most often derived from masculine names. The article presents a contrastive analysis of feminitive usage in three Slavic languages: Bulgarian, Polish and Russian. The article examines the problem of linguistic asymmetry in the creation of feminine names in the three languages and presents the views of renowned linguists on the issue.
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The comparative paper considers diminutives at the early stages of development based on the longitudinal data of typically developing monolingual children, aged up to three years old, acquiring languages which are different in terms of diminutive systems, i.e. rich (in Russian) and poor (in Estonian). The impact of such factors as word formation and inflectional productivity, transparency, input frequency and semantic diversity on the acquisition of diminutives is discussed. From these factors, word formation and inflectional productivity are considered to have the most evident impact on the acquisition of diminutives in both languages. Being a powerful trigger for the development of early derivation and morphology, diminutives are prominent at the beginning of the acquisition of derivation in Estonian as the only derivation category, whereas they develop constantly alongside other derivatives in Russian.
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The study examines address terms (ATs) used by the Russian ethnic minority of Lithuania (RuL) focusing primarily on the vocative use of anthroponyms and on the zero vocative, including in combination with T/V forms of address. Our aim is to explore how ethnic and social characteristics of offline and online communities can influence address strategies in a multicultural environment and assess possible communicative risks. The article draws on the findings from two studies. We first present data from a survey conducted among RuL speakers examining their prevalent ATs, used alongside T/V forms, in offline communication. We then analyse ATs in the publications and comments sections in popular Facebook social network groups used by the RuL community. The study examines the speech behaviour of the RuL community in light of the geopolitical and sociolinguistic situation and seeks to determine factors influencing the choice of a particular form of address. The findings suggest that the RuL speakers present an emerging new identity of Russian speakers and have implications for future research on the enregisterment practices of ATs among Russian speakers of the post-Soviet space.
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The purpose of this study is to reveal the benefits of getting students from the end of level A1 or from the beginning of level A2 according to European Common Framework of Reference, to keep a diary in teaching Russian as a foreing language. We will try to explain the studied topic with concrete examples from our professional experiences at Ankara University TOMER. We will stand on contribution of keeping a diary especially in learning "perfective and imperfective cases of verbs" and "motion verbs" as the most difficult issues in Russian language, giving examples from the diaries of students. This study also aims to prove that, getting students to keep a diary lets them express their thoughts in writing freely.
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Review of: MAŁGORZATA BOREK - Język rosyjski jako obcy. Dydaktyka przekładu, słowniki i pomoce naukowe / Русский язык как иностранный. Дидактика перевода, словари и учебные пособия, red. Dorota Muszyńska-Wolny, Piotr Michałowski i Dorota Urbanek, Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2019. 185 ss. ISBN: 978-83-0120-820-2.
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Anya v strane chudes Vladimira Nabokova jako przykład adaptacji
This paper explores a Russian translation of Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland made by Vladimir Nabokov in 1923. A significant aspect of its emergence relates to the fact that the target text was created when the writer and many other representatives of the Russian intelligentsia were living in exile. The starting point for the article is the hypothesis that Nabokov’s version is an adaptation. The aim of the paper is to show how adaptive procedures influence the original and what profits and losses they produce. The author focuses on two elements of the book: the names of the characters and literary allusions both filtered through the Russian culture by the translator. Their juxtaposition with the original reveals changes in the semantic layer of proper names and in the formal structure of parodied texts.Nevertheless, this “domestication” also brings a new value. It enriches the target text with an additional therapeutic function which allowed Russian expatriates and their children to deal with hardships of exile and to keep Russian canonical literary works in their minds.
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Turkish and Russian are in the different language groups of families in terms of structure and origin. This brings about native Russians language to encounter difficulties in both written and oral language of Turkish. It is known that each language has its own characteristics especially in spoken language and it can vary from region to region, even can vary from person to person. In this study, mistakes of Russian native speakers in oral expressions of Turkish language are investigated. Research consists of the introduction, goals, methods, findings, reviews and results sections. In this search was carried in TOMER (Turkish Language Teaching Center) belong to Ankara University and Gazi University and in preparatory class in Turkey -Kirghiz University, the mistakes of Russian native speakers in Turkish language oral expression are determined. These errors were observed generally in articulation, emphasis, toning, Turkish grammar and negative transfer.
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The article deals with the coding of semantic information in language and examines the coding models of semantic information in verbs following the results of the analysis of the verb in Turkish-Russian language pair. The necessity of differentiation between ‘action’ and ‘verb’ categories is underlined. The connection of the action category with the logic and the verb category with the language is highlighted. The idea that different languages can name actions differently and the verbs in two languages can describe the same action using different images and different morphemes is emphasized. Following the results of the comparative study of some examples from Turkish-Russian language pair the interaction between the logic categories and the language forms, the coding models of the logic categories in the language, the nature of cognitive models are discussed. The applicability of the results for the foreign language education and translation training is highlighted.
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The Anonymous Catechism of 1605 (hereinafter - AC) is one of the first catechisms in the Lithuanian language in GDL. However, it has been under-researched so far. In 1890 this catechism was published by J. Bystroń with comments. Z. Zinkevičius and A. Judžentis have conducted some research on the AC and S. Temčinas has also discussed it in his research works. However, in more recent works this catechism has not received sufficient focus and, even more, its loan lexicon has not been attentively investigated. Namely the loan lexicon, i.e., Slavic loanwords and hybrids that derive from them, is the focus of this article. Slavic loanwords and hybrids were selected from the AC and the dictionaries of Slavic languages were analysed searching for possible sources of loanwords. Following various criteria (availability of source, morphological, phonetic criteria), Slavic loanwords were grouped into Slavic borrowings of unclear origin, loanwords from the East Slavic languages (Old Russian or Ruthenian languages) and Polish loanwords. Fifty six Slavic loanwords were identified in the AC: 52 % out of them are of unclear origin, i.e., their possible sources were identified in the East Slavic and Polish languages and etymological dictionaries provide for different sources of their origin. 38 % of Slavic loanwords were borrowed into the Lithuanian language from the East Slavic language – the Polish language does not possess possible equivalents of Slavic loanwords or the meaning of Polish word does not coincide with semantics of a loanword, phonetics of borrowing also indicates such origin. Polish loanwords comprise only 10 % of all the loanwords in the AC.
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This article attempts to verify the historically set axioms associated with the lengthening of vowels in word endings and its origin that are still popular in the normative tradition of Lithuanian linguistics; first of all, it posits that language contact affects the duration of vowels of Lithuanian mother tongue speakers in Vilnius and that lengthening of vowels thus originates from Russian and Polish. The article compares the pronunciation of three groups of Vilnius residents: 1) Lithuanian (those who grew up in Lithuanian-speaking families), 2) bilingual (those who grew up in a family where only one of the parents was Lithuanian and both Lithuanian and Russian / Polish or another Slavic language were used) and 3) native Russian and Polish speakers. The formulated hypothesis is that if longer endings occur in the speech of native Lithuanian speakers because of the influence of Slavic languages, those respondents who grew up in bilingual families and spoke Lithuanian and Russian or Polish at home would produce a longer /i/ and /u/ than native Lithuanian speakers from monolingual Lithuanian families. After comparative analysis of the stressed vowel duration in endings produced by respondents of different ethnic and linguistic backgrounds, it became evident that language contact was not the reason why native Lithuanian speakers produce not only short, but also long vowel variants in word endings.
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