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JERTFA PENTRU CREAȚIE: MITUL ESTETIC LA LUCIAN BLAGA ȘI HENRIK IBSEN (STUDIU DE CAZ: DRAMATURGIA ROMÂNEASCĂ VS. DRAMATURGIA SCANDINAVĂ)

Author(s): Ioana Hodârnău / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/2021

This paper tackles the myth of creation through sacrifice as depicted in Lucian Blaga’s theatrical piece “The master builder Manole” („Meșterul Manole”, 1927) and Henrik Ibsen’s “The Master Builder” („Constructorul Solness”, 1892). The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to explore the ways in which this myth passes through different european cultures. The symbols which gravitates around these literary works become premises for a paradigmatic, psychoanalytic and anthropological analysis.

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Consideraţii despre circulaţia cărţilor în spaţiul estic românesc (sec. XVII–XIX)

Author(s): Zamfira Mihail / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2 (34)/2021

The concern of the scientists to study the old books from the libraries in the Republic of Moldova shows a large number of preserved titles and copies. Valentina Pelin, Maria Danilov, Igor Cereteu, to mention only the best known and prolific researchers in this field, revealed the published Romanian books from the public libraries. So it was proved that the majority of the books spread in the Eastern area were printed in București, Iași, Râmnic, Mănăstirea Neamț, Buda and in other places from Țara Românească or Transilvania but, especially, they were published in the Confessional Printing House in Chișinău. The libraries of the parish churches and monasteries are true custodians of the cult books, which ensured the uninterrupted using of the Romanian language in church. The notes on these books have new data, testimonies of the history of the Romanian culture in Basarabia, of economic and social history and, particularly, of the continuity of the spoken and written Romanian language in the 19 th century, under foreign domination. Under the aegis of the Romanian Academy, în the Series Basarabica and Documenta Basarabiae valuable documentary contributions to revealing the history of Basarabia are published.

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Mineralul și drumul spre propriul sine

Author(s): Gabriela Chiciudean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 12/2021

The thematic register of the first two volumes of Radu Todoran’s lyrics, whith hedonism, light, shadow and vegetation as main aspects, is enriched, in the third volume, with the mineral. Through its roughness, the stone, the mineral, leads to the idea of dissolution, but through properties as cold and quiet, thus helping and leading the lyrical self to inner purification. A crisis of poetic consciousness follows, with an emotional dissolution, a breach induced by the changes in contemporary society, each time described with serious irony. Light, plant life and beloved appear sporadically, and only as a memory of past times marked by happiness and color. The vegetal, though luxurious, is overshadowed by the mineral which looks like petrifying everything, by strange animals and ancient gods.

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Journalism does not fit Everybody. Two Points of View

Author(s): Fănel Teodorașcu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2021

In this article, we aim at comparing two different visions about journalism. The first one belongs to Mark Twain, himself a former journalist, and was extracted from his novel, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), while the second one is taken from a newspaper article, published in Adevărul [The Truth], more than eight decades ago. We believe that our research is a salutary / opportune one, and that is why it does not need further justifications.

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Prietenii literare: Romulus Cioflec – George Topîrceanu – Otilia Cazimir

Author(s): Luminița Cornea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XIV/2021

Le texte retrace quelques moments de l’amitié littéraire entre Romulus Cioflec (1882-1955) et George Topîrceanu (1886-1937), notamment autour de la revue Viața românească de Iași. Il évoque également la correspondance d’Otilia Cazimir (1894-1967) avec Romulus Cioflec après la mort de George Topîrceanu. Les documents littéraires proviennent des archives du Musée National de la Littérature Roumaine, Bucarest (dossier «Romulus Cioflec»).

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Contribuţia Şcolii Ardelene la dezvoltarea limbii române literare

Author(s): Florica-Elisabeta Nuţiu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2004

The cultural revival represented by Samuil Micu, Gheorghe Şincai, Petru Maior and Ion Budai-Deleanu presents an aspect of the affirmation of the young Romanian bourgeois from Transylvania. The representatives of the Transylvanian School realized valuable works with a philological character. Prayers book (1779) by Samuil Micu (the first printed book in Latin alphabet); Elementa linguae daco-romanae sive valachicae (1780) by Samuil Micu and Gheorghe Şincai (the first grammar of the Romanian language where the authors affirm the latinity principle ,,of the Romanian language pureness and etymological orthography”); Dialogue for the beginning of Romanian language between nephew and uncle by Petru Maior (initially printed in Ortographia romana sive latino-valachica and reproduced in The Lexicon from Buda, 1825). Samuil Micu and Gheorghe Şincai affirm that Romanian language comes from classic latin and Petru Maior infers correctly that Romanian language comes from popular latin.

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Titlurile volumelor de poezie românească dintre 1848-1918

Author(s): Mircea Popa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 5/2006

The interest for the meanings a title can hold is quite new in Romanian literature and among the first critics who managed the subject was Marian Popa, who laid the bases of the new researches. The title is a special type of text; although some critics considered that it cannot have an autonomous status, its role is to individualize a work or an author; thus, it became representative for a literary work, for a person. The title also resumes the content of a book or at least it is trying to reveal the author’ s intentions about the work he had created. We may distinguish some themes in choosing titles, according to the content of the works and their meanings; there are generic titles, that suggest the affiliation to a certain literary gender. According to the Romanticism requests, the title reflects the emotions, the inside life and self-experience. The title may also suggest the solitude, some moments of wandering or even the author’ s humbleness etc. There are many poets that chose to express themselves by using some words, closely connected to botanic and floristic domain. Flowers are considered to be the best way of expressing human feelings. The titles are also connected to seasons and to some moments of solar cycle. Titles can suggest places and ages, that allow travelling around the world in any time, age or space. Many titles are chosen from the musical domain and the words refer to an instrument, a song or to the way of singing. Finally, we have to mention an important category of titles, inspired from national spirit, patriotism and heroism; the choice is quite understandable if we consider the period the paper is dealing with, 1848-1918.

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Vasile Alecsandri și afinitățile sale cu arta sonoră românească

Author(s): Irina Zamfira Dănilă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XIV/2021

Vasile Alecsandri, one of the great patriots with substantial contributions to the creation of modern Romania, stands out for the significant part played in the development of our national literature. Excelling in most literary genres, from poetry to theatre and prose, Vasile Alecsandri also kept music and Romanian folklore close to his heart. As one of the key figures of the cultural life of Iași, he often collaborated with famous musicians as Alexandru Flechtenmacher, who set to music some of his most appreciated works (Coana Chirița sau Două fete și-o neneacă, Întoarcerea Chiriței sau Chirița în provincie, Cinel-cinel, Barbu Lăutarul) or Eduard Hübsch. His constant interest in both folk literature and music led to the editing of various volumes of Romanian literary folklore, of great importance for the second half of the 19th century: Balade (Cântece bătrânești), vol. I-II (1852-1853), Doine și lăcrimioare (1853) and Poesii populare ale românilor (1866).

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A stylistic approach to Mihail Jora's pianistics as reflected in the cycle “Five Songs for Voice and Piano on Poems” by Octavian Goga, op. 11

Author(s): Andreea Dobia / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Jora’s songs are musical architectural miniatures with a significant dramatic component, carefully wrought with regard to prosody and diction. The performer’s stage presence, gestures attitude next to sound and word are constitutive parts of the musical discourse. The philosophical state that the composer projects in his sonorities is specific to the early 20th century. His interest in philosophical concepts and his views on life, the attention to love, nature and symbolism are found in the selection of the lyrics alongside compositional means, prosody, the art of singing and that of piano playing.

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Cultură şi heraldică în Ţara Românească la finalul secolului al XVII-lea Stihurile la stemă şi stemele regăsite în Biblia de la Bucureşti (1688)

Author(s): Alexandru-Daniel Piticari / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18-19/2020

In this study we aim to present the cultural context and sources that determined the publication of the Bible in 1688. This is a monument of ancient Romanian literature and the result of patronage and work undertaken by several famous names of the political and cultural environment of the time. At the same time, in the present lines we intend to make a historical and heraldic analysis of the poem to the coat of arms, as well as of the coats of arms found in the Cantacuzin and Brâncoveanu editions of the Bible of 1688.

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Viitorul trecutului. Anton Cosma, Critica şi instrumentele ei (1977)

Author(s): Ela Cosma / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18-19/2020

On 4 May 2020, Anton Cosma (1940-1991) would have turned 80. For his anniversary, the literary critic’s editor (and daughter) presents vol. IV of Critical Essays, already sent for publication to Argonaut Publishing/Cluj-Napoca, as well as her own intention to edit, in future, the complete works of Anton Cosma. Here are the already published volumes (I-IV), as well as the following to be edited (V-X), all of them in the series hosted by the Argonaut Publishing House: Anton Cosma, I - Theatre (2010), II - Prose (2012), III - Epic and Lyric Miniatures. Minor Genres and Parodies (2016), IV - Critical Essays (Portrait of the Young Literary Critic -1963-1978, Portrait of the Ripe Literary Critic - 1981-1991) (2020), V - Literary Criticism in Volumes and Variants, VI - Biography, Autobiography, VII - Polemics and Critical References about Anton Cosma, VIII - Articles Published in Reviews, IX - Anton Cosma’s „Life Novels” (republishing The Romanian Novel and the Problematics of the Contemporary Man, 1977, Ioan Slavici. Life Novels, 1979, The Genesis of the Romanian Novel, 1985), X - The Romanian Contemporary Novel, 1945-1985 (republishing vol. I Realism, 1988, and vol. II Metarealism, 1998). An unknown article of 1977, written by Anton Cosma about Literary Criticism and Its Instruments, is rendered in the end of this presentation.

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Eugen Negrici, Literatura română sub comunism

Author(s): Mihaela Raica / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18-19/2020

Review of: Eugen Negrici, Literatura română sub comunism, ed. a III-a, Iaşi, Editura Polirom, 2019, 687 p.

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Iancu Alecsandri (1826-1884), “spiritual, active patriot, worthy in all”

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Iancu Alecsandri (1826-1884), “spiritual, active patriot, worthy in all”

Author(s): Iulian Pruteanu-Isăcescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2021

Iancu Alecsandri, the youngest child of the vornic Vasile Alecsandri (1792-1854) and of Elena Alecsandri (1800-1842), born Cozoni, “active patriot (…) amateur writer with distinguished and confident taste, worthy in all” (Elena Rădulescu-Pogoneanu), has always been in the shadow of his older brother, the writer Vasile Alecsandri (1821-1890). He took part in the events of 1848, a fervent unionist, a close friend of Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza, he served Romaniaʼs interests as a diplomatic agent in Paris and London between 1859 and 1866. He retired from political life along with the abdication of the Prince. Settled in Paris, he became an observer of the countryʼs political realities. He died on 15 May 1884.

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AUTOMATED MODELING OF ROMANIAN LITERARY TRENDS IN HISTORY USING TOPICS OVER TIME AND CO-OCCURENCES

Author(s): Laurențiu-Marian Neagu,Mihai Dascălu,Ştefan Trăuşan-Matu,Lucian Chişu,Eugen Simion / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2020

The Chronology of Romanian Literary Life (also referred to as CVLR) is an ambitious effort conducted by the “G. Călinescu” Institute of Literary History and Theory to present the most important literature-related events from Romania, covering a period of 50 years, starting with World War II, up until the beginning of the 3rd century. Our work aims to capture the evolution of trends in the Romanian literary space using a Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model, focused both on the changes in the structure of topics over time, as well as on the relations between the topics. The discovery of topics is related not only to the co-occurrences of words, but also to the temporal information these refer to. Two categories of periods were defined: broad – with periods 1949-1967 and 1990-2000–, and narrow – with periods 1949-1959, 1964-1967, 1990-1995, and 1996-2000. The obtained results are promising, showing that literature censorship, anti-communism movements, and political perspectives were recurrent through time. Some other topics evolved throughout the narrow periods. A topics bipartite matching was implemented between the two broad periods and showed, for example, that a topic described in communism by terms like socialism, work, heroes, soviet, and strength, transformed in post-communism to dictatorship and bad ideology. Our study represents a solid foundation for further analyses on Romanian literary events by relying on automated models grounded in advanced Natural Language Processing techniques. Overall, displaying trend dynamics over time is interesting both from an eLearning perspective, as well as from Literary and Historical perspectives.

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“The War Generation”. Two Lyrical Approaches: Geo Dumitrescu and Ion Caraion

Author(s): Iulian Boldea / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2014

Geo Dumitrescu's poetic approach has its starting point in an attitude of revolt, of inadhesion to a counterfeit, unnatural reality; poet with an undeniable "penchant" for the real, Geo Dumitrescu assumes the prerogatives of sarcasm and irony out of an acute sense of inadequacy of literary expression to the data of the concrete. Acutely feeling the poetic word as an alienated and alienating way of communicating, improper to an authentic aesthetic dialogue, the author uses a "democratization" of poetic language, restricting the scale of consecrated vocables and relativizing the amplitude of themes with a consolidated, but otherwise constraining prestige. Poet belonging to the so-called "war generation" Ion Caraion established himself primarily through the originality of his lyrical universe, through his striking imaginary horizon transcribed in unconcessive, steep verse, of a negativist force rarely seen in our poetry. The insurgent spirit, the rebellious attitude are prevalent in Caraion’s poems, a poet for whom denial is a form of resonance with his aesthetic and ethical choices.

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Direcţii majore în proza anilor 2000

Author(s): Marius Popa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2014

The present study aims to discuss the main directions in the Romanian prose of the 2000’s, with regard to its relation with the historical and social “reality”. An overview of the epos of the last decade and a half, the paper refers constantly to the most important creations as seen by their first reviews. Firstly, a presentation of the historical context in which such narratives are formed aims to explain the specific “manner” in which they answer “the world”: by discussing the constant tendency to “retrieve” the past or the propensity of recent prose to transform the real, we are addressing, ultimately, the common reflexes of fiction writers relating to their existential horizon. Consequently, the main conclusions to be drawn at the end of such a research concern not only the similarities shared by the worldviews of these contemporary prose writers, but also the frequent attempts of the said authors to avoid the real world by means of fiction writing.

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Recenzii

Author(s): Al. Cistelecan,Iulian Boldea,Luminiţa Chiorean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2014

Georgeta Adam, Imaginarul poeziei feminine. O secţiune de aur, Editura Niculescu, Bucureşti, 2010; Elena-Claudia Anca, Incursiuni în femininul interbelic, Editura Ecou Transilvan, Cluj, 2013. (Al. CISTELECAN); Ana Blandiana, Fals tratat de manipulare, Editura Humanitas, Bucureşti, 2013. (Iulian BOLDEA); Timotei A. Enăchescu, Cuvinte despre cuvinte, Editura Arhipelag XXI, Târgu-Mureş, 2014. (Luminiţa CHIOREAN); Mircea Braga, Rătăcind prin canon, Editura Tipo Moldova, Iaşi, 2013. (Iulian BOLDEA).

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Suspine și boscoane (Sabina Paulian)

Author(s): Al. Cistelecan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2015

The article describes the writing of early 20th century Romanian poetess Sabina Paulian, drawing the socio-cultural context of her epoch, while at the same time revealing the features of her sensibility. Gathered in two consecutive volums (published in 1929 and 1931), Sabina Paulian’s poems develop on a poetics of romance, sadness fulfillment and frustration and in the second volume the timidity is substituted by a discourse originating in popular magic, marked by incantations, gothic atmosphere and rituals, which are all translated in a symbolist poetry fascinated by numerology and euphony.

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Repere teoretice privind mecanismul puterii în imaginarul social

Author(s): Gabriela Chiciudean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2015

The problem of power is to be found at the core at the social imaginary, being a necessity for all societies, generating the invention and the imagination of legitimacy that need to be given to power. Every power is a force, but it has to become legitimate. Circumstances and events that legitimate a power are equal as importance with the imaginary that created them and with the representations around the power. The social institutions, together with the politic, economic, cultural or any other type of institutions, participate to the symbolic universe around them and form their own functioning frame. Due to its representations and symbols, the social imaginary is a real and efficacious part from the mass control mechanism. The social representations express a state of the social group; translate its actual structure, the thinking of its members and their reactions to various events, exterior danger or violent burst. The problem of establishing The Centre is highlighted inside the relation between two identities, when, starting from the Own Centre and the Other Centre, the real Reference centre is designated, as the Centre of the most powerful one, to which the Weak centre will conform and accept as source of universal organisation. Once recognised, the power protects its legitimacy against the Other and establishes its own decor of social life, represented by emblems, ornaments, accessories etc. The social produces, crossing a network of denotations, numerous marks to help the individual communicating and designates its relations with the institutions, The social life produces values, norms and representation systems that adapt and fix the representations. Thus, there are collective codes depending for expressing needs and expectations, hopes and fears. The importance of the symbols and of the representations differs from one type of power to another.

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Fără precedent. Wolfgang Iser despre imaginea imaginată

Author(s): Dorin Ştefănescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 19/2015

The interpretation below focuses on one of the most important aspects of Wolfgang Iser’s theory of the esthetic effect: the so called imagined image. Involving the act of reading, these images have a main role in establishing the relations between the textual signs, creating the passive syntheses in which the anticipative vision (the protention) and the remembering one (the retention) are working together. In this phenomenological horizon, to imagine the image means to recreate, to raise the world in the sense of its new unprecedented beginning, as it appears in the hidden structure of a poem.

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